The D and F-Block Elements: Solutions

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Chapter 18

The d and f-Block Elements

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. Which of the following does not have abnormal electronic configuration?
(1) Cr (2) Pd (3) Pt (4) Hg
Sol. Answer (4)
Hg does not have abnormal electronic configuration.

2. The trend in ionisation enthalpy of a transition element is not regular because


(1) Removal of one electron alters the relative energies of 4s and 3d orbitals
(2) Due to different E.C. (stability)
(3) Poor screening of 3p orbital
(4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.

3. The element having lowest IE1


(1) Fe (2) Co (3) Ni (4) Cu
Sol. Answer (3)
Ni has the lowest IE1 value because of the sheilding of 3d electrons.

4. Choose the correct pair regarding IE3.


(1) Mn > Cr (2) Mn > Fe (3) Zn > Cu (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
All the given options are correct.

5. Which of the following element does not show the variable oxidation state?
(1) Fe (2) Mn (3) Cu (4) Zn
Sol. Answer (4)
Zn does not show variable oxidation state due to 3d104s2 configuration (i.e. very stable).

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18 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

6. With F highest stable oxidation state of Mn is


(1) +6 (2) +4 (3) +7 (4) +3
Sol. Answer (2)
The highest oxidation state of Mn with F is +4. Because F is very highly electronegative eg. MnF4.

7. With O highest possible oxidation state of Mn is


(1) +7 (2) +4 (3) +5 (4) +3
Sol. Answer (1)
KMnO4  Oxidation state of Mn = +7.

8. Oxygen stabilises higher oxidation state because


(1) It is electronegative (2) Of its tendency to form double bond
(3) Of small size (4) Of large size
Sol. Answer (2)
Oxygen stabilisers higher oxidation states because of its tendency to form double bonds.

9. Which of the following have highest magnetic moment?


(1) Fe2+ (2) Mn+ (3) Fe3+ (4) Fe+
Sol. Answer (2)

Mn+  3d54s1 

 5 unpaired electrons

   5  5  2 BM = 35  5.92 BM .

10. Reduction potential of M2+/M will depend on


(1) IE1 + IE2 (2) Hatomisation (3) Hydration energy (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
E° M2+/M depends on all the given factors (fact).

11. Amongst the following ions, which is considered as most stable in M2+ state?
(1) Ti2+/Ti (–1.63 V) (2) V2+/V (–1.11 V) (3) Cr2+/Cr (–0.90 V) (4) Mn2+/Mn (1.18 V)
Sol. Answer (1)

Higher the E red value, higher stability.

12. Electrode potential of M2+/M for Ni is abnormal because of


(1) High IE1 + IE2 (2) High hydration energy
(3) Hatomisation (4) Electronic configuration of Ni2+
Sol. Answer (2)
Electrode potential of M2+/M for Ni is abnormal because of high hydration energy (fact).

13. The species which is paramagnetic


(1) Cr+ (2) Zn2+ (3) Cu+ (4) MnO4–

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 19
Sol. Answer (1)
Cr+  3d5  = 5.92 BM.

14. The inner transition element that is radioactive is


(1) Pm (2) Gd (3) Lu (4) Sm
Sol. Answer (1)
Pm is radioactive (fact).

15. The lanthanide contraction is responsible for the fact that


(1) Zr and Y have about the same radius (2) Zr and Nb have similar oxidation state
(3) Zr and Hf have about the same radius (4) Zr and Zn have the same oxidation state
Sol. Answer (3)
Zr and Hf have about the same radius due to lanthanide contraction.

16. Size of lanthanide decrease because of poor screening of


(1) 4f (2) 3d (3) 5f (4) 4d
Sol. Answer (1)
Size of lanthanide decrease because of poor screening of 4f electrons.

17. The strongest base is


(1) Ce(OH)3 (2) Lu(OH)3 (3) Yb(OH)3 (4) Pm(OH)3
Sol. Answer (1)
As we go right in a period, basic nature of the hydroxides decreases.
 Ce(OH)3 is most basic among the given.

18. The element that is not present in misch metal is


(1) La (2) Iron (3) Na (4) Ce
Sol. Answer (3)
Misch metal composition – (50% Ce, 25% La, small amount of Nd and Pr blended with iron oxide).

19. Most stable oxidation state of Lanthanides


(1) +2 (2) +3 (3) +4 (4) +1
Sol. Answer (2)
Most stable oxidation state is +3 (fact).

20. When intimate mixture of potassium dichromate and potassium chloride is heated with conc. H2SO4 which
of the following is produced in the form of red vapours?
(1) CrO3 (2) Cr2O3 (3) CrO2Cl2 (4) CrCl2
Sol. Answer (3)

K 2Cr2O 7 + 4KCl + 6H 2SO 4 


 2CrO 2Cl 2 + 6KHSO 4 + 3H 2O
red

 CrO2Cl2 is produced.

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20 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

21. Which one of the following pairs of ions have same electronic configuration?
(1) Cr3+ Fe3+ (2) Mn2+, Fe3+ (3) Fe3+ Co3+ (4) Sc3+, Cr3+
Sol. Answer (2)
Mn2+  3d5
Fe3+  3d5

H
22. Cr2O72– + X 
 Cr3+ + H2O + oxidised product of X. X in the above reaction cannot be

(1) C 2O 24 (2) Fe2+ (3) SO 24 (4) S2–

Sol. Answer (3)


+
H
Cr2O 72– + X  Cr 3+ + H 2O + Oxidized product of X

X is SO 2–
4
and the oxidized product of X is HSO 4– .

23. The reducing nature of any metal in aqueous solution depends upon
a. Enthalpy of atomisation
b. Ionisation enthalpies
c. Hydration energy
(1) a & b only (2) Only b (3) b & c only (4) a, b & c
Sol. Answer (4)
Reducing nature of metal depends on
 Enthalpy of atomisation
 Ionization enthalpies
 Hydration energy (fact).

24. Which of the following oxide is basic?


(1) CrO (2) Cr2O3 (3) CrO3 (4) Cr2O4
Sol. Answer (1)
CrO is basic because it is in the least oxidation state of Cr.

25. The magnetic moment of a transition metal ion is found to be 5.92 BM. The number of unpaired electrons
present in it is
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5
Sol. Answer (4)

  5.92 BM (Given)

  n(n + 2) BM

5.92  n(n + 2)

n(n + 2) = 35

n 2 + 2n – 35 = 0
 n=5

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 21
26. Which of the following is the consequences of lanthanide contraction?
(1) Separation of mixture of lanthanides is difficult
(2) Basic nature of hydroxides decrease from first member to last member of lanthanides
(3) Size of Hf and Zr is different
(4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (4)
Both (1) & (2) are correct (fact).

27. Which of the following is non-typical transition element?


(1) Ti (2) Cr (3) Fe (4) Sc
Sol. Answer (4)
Sc is non typical transition element because in +3 state, there is no d-electron.

28. n-Factor of KMnO4 in neutral medium is


(1) 6 (2) 5 (3) 4 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (4)
KMnO4 is neutral medium

KMnO 4 + 2H 2O 
 MnO 2
7 4

 n-factor = 7 – 4 = 3

29. K2Cr2O7 + I– + H+  Oxidized product. The product is


(1) KIO3 (2) I2 (3) I3– (4) Cr2O3
Sol. Answer (2)
I2 is the reduced product.

30. Which of the following is coloured due to charge transfer?


(1) MnO4– (2) CrO42– (3) Cu2O (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
All the changes in colour are due to charge transfer.

SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. Coinage metals are
(1) Normal metals (2) Transition metals (3) Active metals (4) Highly electropositive
Sol. Answer (2)
Generally, we consider Cu, Ag, Au as coinage metals and they come under transition metals.

X Y
2. Pyrolusite is used to prepare potassium permanganate MnO2   MnO42   MnO4
X and Y are
(1) Fuse with KOH/air, electrolytic reduction (2) Fuse with KOH/air, electrolytic oxidation
(3) Fuse with con. HNO3/air, electrolytic reduction (4) All are correct

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22 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (2)

MnO 2 
KOH / Air
 MnO 2–
4 
Electrolytic
Oxidation
MnO 4–

3. Which one of the following exhibits highest oxidation state?


(1) Zr (2) V (3) Mn (4) Ni
Sol. Answer (3)
Among the given, Mn exhibit highest oxidation state, i.e. +7.

4. Ce(Z = 58) and Yb(Z = 70) exhibits stable +4 and +2 oxidation states respectively. This is because
(1) Ce4+ and Yb2+ acquire f 7 configuration (2) Ce4+ and Yb2+ acquire f 0 configuration
(3) Ce4+ and Yb2+ acquire f 0 and f 14 configuration (4) Ce4+ and Yb2+ acquire f 7 and f 14 configuration
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.

5. A purple coloured solution is made alkaline with KOH and is treated with KI forming potassium iodate. The
same solution is acidified with H2SO4 and again it is treated with KI. However this time instead of potassium
iodate, iodine gas is released. The purple coloured solution is of
(1) K2Cr2O7 (2) K2Cr2O4 (3) KMnO4 (4) K2MnO4
Sol. Answer (3)
Alkaline
2KMnO 4 + H 2O + I –   2MnO 2 + 2OH – + KIO 3

KMnO 4 + H 2SO 4 + KI 
 Mn 2+ + 8H 2O + 5I 2
 KMnO4 is the required solution.

6. Acidified solution of chromic acid on treatment with H2O2 gives blue colour which is due to
(1) CrO3 + H2O + O2 (2) Cr2O3 + H2O + O2
(3) CrO5 + H2O (4) H2Cr2O7 + H2O + CO2
Sol. Answer (3)

K 2Cr2O 7 + H 2SO 4 + 4H 2O 2 
 2CrO 5 + 5H 2O + K 2SO 4
Blue

7. FeSO4 on heating gives


(1) SO2 and SO3 (2) SO2 only (3) SO3 only (4) SO2 and O2
Sol. Answer (1)

FeSO 4   Fe 3O 4 + 2SO 3 + SO 2

8. What are the species X and Y in the following?



OH
X  H2 O  H2Cr2O7  Y
(1) CrO4–2, Cr2O7–2 (2) CrO3, Cr2O3 (3) H2CrO4, H2Cr2O7 (4) CrO3, CrO4–2
Sol. Answer (4)

OH
CrO 3 + H 2O 
 H 2Cr2O 7   CrO 4–
 X  Y

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 23
9. The correct statement
(1) Green vitriol and blue vitriol are isomorphus
(2) KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 are coloured due to d-d transitions
(3) Cu2Cl2 and Ag2S are coloured
(4) Upon strong heating paramagnetic gases are evolved by NaNO3 and AgNO3
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.

10. Which oxide of manganese is acidic in nature?


(1) MnO (2) Mn2O7 (3) Mn2O3 (4) MnO2
Sol. Answer (2)
Mn2O7 is acidic in nature (fact).

11. The blue colour produced on adding H2O2 to acidified K2Cr2O7 is due to the formation of
(1) CrO5 (2) Cr2O3 (3) CrO42— (4) CrO3
Sol. Answer (1)

K 2Cr2O 7 + H 2SO 4 + 4H 2O 2 
 2CrO 5 + K 2SO 4 + 5H 2O
Blue

12. 4K2Cr2O7  4K2CrO4 + 3O2 + X, in this reaction X is


(1) CrO3 (2) Cr2O7 (3) Cr2O3 (4) CrO5
Sol. Answer (3)
4K2Cr2O7  4K2CrO4 + 3O2 + 2Cr2O3

13. Which of the following is not coloured?


(1) Mn2+ (2) Cr3+ (3) Zn2+ (4) Cu2+
Sol. Answer (3)
Zn2+ does not show any colour because no any transition is possible there due to 3d10 configuration.

14. Ammonium dichromate is used in fireworks.The green coloured powder blown in the air is
(1) CrO3 (2) Cr2O3 (3) Cr (4) CrO(O)2
Sol. Answer (2)

NH 4  2 Cr2O 7 
 Cr2O 3 + N 2 + 4H 2O
Green

15. Which of the following statement is correct for 3d-transition element?


(1) All the metals except Sc forms 'MO' oxide
(2) All the metals except Zn forms 'MO' oxide
(3) All the metals except Zn and Sc form 'MO' oxide
(4) All the metals except Mn forms 'MO' oxide
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.

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24 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

16. Which of the following belongs to group ‘8’?


(1) Ni, Pd, Pt (2) F, Cl, Br (3) Fe, Ru, Os (4) Xe, Ar, Kr
Sol. Answer (3)
Fe, Ru, Os belong to group 8 due to their electronic configuration.

17. Which one of the following pairs of ions have same electronic configuration?
(1) Cr3+ Fe3+ (2) Mn2+, Fe3+ (3) Fe3+ Co3+ (4) Sc3+, Cr3+
Sol. Answer (2)
Mn2+ : 3d5
Fe3+ : 3d5

18. The equivalent weight of MnSO4 is equal to its molecular weight when it is converted to
(1) Mn2O3 (2) MnO2 (3) MnO4– (4) MnO42–
Sol. Answer (1)
2 3
2MnSO 4 
 Mn 2O 3
n-factor = 1
 Molecular weight = Equivalent weight.

19. Transuranic elements begin with


(1) Np (2) Cm (3) Pu (4) U
Sol. Answer (1)
Transuranic elements are the elements, having atomic number greater than 92.
Atomic number of Np = 93
 Transuranic elements begin with Np.

20. Gun metal contains


(1) Cu, Sn, Zn (2) Cu, Ni (3) Cu, Ni, Fe (4) Cu, Sn, P
Sol. Answer (1)
Gun metal contains (Cu, Sn, Zn) casting alloy.
The main alloying constituent is beside copper, tin with 1.5 to 11%, Zn 1 – 9%
Note : Cu, Ni, Fe are monel metal, not gun metal.

21. The colour of K2Cr2O7 and Fe2+ ions are respectively due to
(1) d-d transition and charge transfer spectra (2) Charge transfer spectra and d-d transition
(3) Crystal defects and charge transfer spectra (4) Charge transfer spectra and crystal defects
Sol. Answer (2)
K2Cr2O7  Colour due to charge transfer.
Fe2+ ions  Colour due to d-d transition.

22. The element which does not show d0 configuration in its highest oxidation state
(1) V (2) Mn (3) Cr (4) Fe
Sol. Answer (4)
Highest oxidation state of Fe is +6 and Fe6+  3d2.

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 25
23. CrO3 is coloured due to
(1) Crystal defect (2) Unpaired electrons
(3) Charge transfer spectra (4) Low I.E.
Sol. Answer (3)
In CrO3 colour is due to charge transfer (fact).

24. Which of the following occur when AgNO3 becomes, red hot?
(1) 2AgNO3  2Ag + 2NO2 + O2 (2) AgNO3  Ag + NO + O2
(3) 2AgNO3  AgNO2 + O2 (4) 2AgNO3  2Ag + N2 + 3O2
Sol. Answer (1)
If AgNO3 is red hot, it gets decomposed as

2AgNO 3 
 2Ag + 2NO 2 + O 2

25. Which one alloy does not contain copper?


(1) Bronze (2) Brass (3) German silver (4) Mischmetal
Sol. Answer (4)
Misch metal : 50% Ce, 25% La, small amount of Nd and Pr blended with FeO.

26. The metal which can form cation having metal - metal bond
(1) Mercury (2) Copper (3) Osmium (4) Iron
Sol. Answer (1)

Hg forms Hg 22

27. Value of magnetic moment of a divalent metal ion is 5.92 BM. Total number of electron in its atom would
be
(1) 24 (2) 25 (3) 26 (4) 27
Sol. Answer (2)
In divalent state, i.e. M2+
Given that  = 5.92 BM
 Number of unpaired electrons = 5
 3d5 configuration
 Among the given options it should be 25.

28. In black and white photography, the developed film is fixed by washing with
(1) AgBr solution (2) Hypo solution (3) Na2S4O6 solution (4) FeC2O4 solution
Sol. Answer (2)
In black and white photography hypo solution is used.

29. Gold dissolves in aqua regia to give


(1) H[AuCl4] (2) AuNO3 (3) H2[AuCl6] (4) Au(NO3)3
Sol. Answer (1)

 H  AuCl 4  .
Au + Aqua regia 

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26 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. The reason for greater range of oxidation states in actinoids is attributed to [NEET-2017]
(1) The radioactive nature of actinoids
(2) Actinoid contraction
(3) 5f, 6d and 7s levels having comparable energies
(4) 4f and 5d levels being close in energies
Sol. Answer (3)
It is a fact.
2. Which one of the following statements related to lanthanons is incorrect? [NEET(Phase-2)-2016]
(1) Europium shows +2 oxidation state
(2) The basicity decreases as the ionic radius decreases from Pr to Lu
(3) All the lanthanons are much more reactive than aluminium
(4) Ce(+4) solutions are widely used as oxidizing agent in volumetric analysis
Sol. Answer (3)
Fact.
3. Jahn-Teller effect is not observed in high spin complexes of [NEET(Phase-2)-2016]
(1) d7 (2) d8
(3) d4 (4) d9
Sol. Answer (2)
Fact.
4. Which one of the following statements is corrected when SO2 is passed through acidified K2Cr2O7 solution?
[NEET-2016]
(1) Green Cr2(SO4), is formed
(2) The solution turns blue
(3) The solution is decolourized
(4) SO2 is reduced
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact
5. The electronic configurations of Eu (Atomic no. 63), Gd (Atomic No. 64) and Tb (Atomic No. 65) are
[NEET-2016]
(1) [Xe]4f76s2, [Xe]4f75d16s2 and [Xe]4f96s2
(2) [Xe]4f76s2, [Xe]4f86s2 and [Xe]4f85d16s2
(3) [Xe]4f65d16s2, [Xe]4f75f1 and [Xe]4f96s2
(4) [Xe]4f65d16s2, [Xe]4f75d16s2 and [Xe]4f85d16s2
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact
6. Gadolinium belongs to 4f series. Its atomic number is 64. Which of the following is the correct electronic
configuration of gadolinium? [Re-AIPMT-2015]
(1) [Xe]4f75d16s2 (2) [Xe]4f65d26s2 (3) [Xe]4f86d2 (4) [Xe]4f95s1

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 27
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
7. Because of lanthanoid contraction, which of the following pairs of elements have nearly same atomic radii?
(Numbers in the parenthesis are atomic numbers) [AIPMT-2015]
(1) Zr (40) and Ta (73) (2) Ti (22) and Zr (40) (3) Zr (40) and Nb (41) (4) Zr (40) and Hf (72)
Sol. Answer (4)
Zr and Hf have same size.
8. The pair of compounds that can exist together is [AIPMT-2014]

(1) FeCl3, SnCl2 (2) HgCl2, SnCl2 (3) FeCl2, SnCl2 (4) FeCl3, K

Sol. Answer (3)

Both Fe and Sn are in lower oxidation state. Therefore redox is not possible.

9. The reaction of aqueous KMnO4 with H2O2 in acidic conditions gives [AIPMT-2014]

(1) Mn4+ and O2 (2) Mn2+ and O2 (3) Mn2+ and O3 (4) Mn4+ and MnO2

Sol. Answer (2)

2KMnO4  3H2SO4  5H2O2  K 2SO4  2MnSO4  8H2O  5O2

10. Magnetic moment 2.83 BM is given by which of the following ions ? (At. nos. Ti=22, Cr=24, Mn=25, Ni=28)

[AIPMT-2014]

(1) Ti3+ (2) Ni2+ (3) Cr3+ (4) Mn2+

Sol. Answer (2)

n(n  2)  2.83

n2  2n  (2.83)2

 n=2

Ni2+ = 3d8

i.e., 2 unpaired electrons

11. Reason of lanthanoid contraction is [AIPMT-2014]

(1) Negligible screening effect of 'f' orbitals (2) Increasing nuclear charge

(3) Decreasing nuclear charge (4) Decreasing screening effect

Sol. Answer (1)

f-orbitals have poor shielding effect.

12. Which of the following lanthanoid ions is diamagnetic? (At nos. Ce=58, Sm=62, Eu=63, Yb=70) [NEET-2013]

(1) Sm2+ (2) Eu2+ (3) Yb2+ (4) Ce2+

Sol. Answer (3)

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28 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

13. Which of the following statements about the interstitial compounds is incorrect ? [NEET-2013]

(1) They are chemically reactive

(2) They are much harder than the pure metal

(3) They have higher melting points than the pure metal

(4) They retain metallic conductivitiy

Sol. Answer (1)

14. Which of the statements is not true ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]


(1) K2Cr2O7 solution in acidic medium is orange
(2) K2Cr2O7 solution becomes yellow on increasing the pH beyond 7
(3) On passing H2S through acidified K2Cr2O7 solution, a milky colour is observed
(4) Na2Cr2O7 is preferred over K2Cr2O7 in volumetric analysis
Sol. Answer (4)
Na2Cr2O7 is not preferred over K2Cr2O7 in volumetric analysis. K2Cr2O7 is used as primary standard in volumetric
analysis.
15. Which one of the following does not correctly represent the correct order of the property indicated against it ?
[AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Ti < V < Cr < Mn : increasing number of oxidation states
(2) Ti3+ < V3+ < Cr3+ < Mn3+ : increasing magnetic moment
(3) Ti < V < Cr < Mn : increasing melting points
(4) Ti < V < Mn < Cr : increasing 2nd ionization enthalpy
Sol. Answer (3)
The incorrect order of increasing melting point is
Ti < V < Cr < Mn
Melting point increases from T1 to chromium but decreases in case of Mn. Mn has melting point even lower
than that of Ti.
16. Which of the following exhibits only +3 oxidation state ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) U (2) Th (3) Ac (4) Pa
Sol. Answer (3)
17. Four successive members of the first series of the transition metals are listed below. For which one of them the
standard potential (EM2+/M) value has a positive sign ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2012]
(1) Co (Z = 27) (2) Ni (Z = 28) (3) Cu (Z = 29) (4) Fe (Z = 26)
Sol. Answer (3)
18. Acidified K2Cr2O7 solution turns green when Na2SO3 is added to it. This is due to the formation of
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) CrSO4 (2) Cr2(SO4)3 (3) CrO42– (4) Cr2(SO3)3

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 29
Sol. Answer (2)
19. For the four successive transition elements (Cr, Mn, Fe and Co), the stability of +2 oxidation state will be there
in which of the following order? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(At nos. Cr = 24, Mn = 25, Fe = 26, Co = 27)
(1) Cr > Mn > Co > Fe
(2) Mn > Fe > Cr > Co
(3) Fe > Mn > Co > Cr
(4) Co > Mn > Fe > Cr
Sol. Answer (2)
More the number of unpaired electrons more will be the stability.
Hence, the correct order is, Mn > Fe > Cr > Co.
20. Which of the following ions will exhibit colour in aqueous solutions ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) La3+ (Z = 57) (2) Ti3+ (Z = 22) (3) Lu3+ (Z = 71) (4) Sc3+ (Z = 21)
Sol. Answer (2)
21. Which one of the following ions has electronic configuration [Ar] 3d6 ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Ni3+ (2) Mn3+ (3) Fe3+ (4) Co3+
Sol. Answer (4)
22. Which of the following pairs has the same size ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Fe2+, Ni2+ (2) Zr4+, Ti4+ (3) Zr4+, Hf4+ (4) Zn2+, Hf4+
Sol. Answer (3)
23. Which of the following oxidation states is the most common among the lanthanoids ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 5 (4) 3
Sol. Answer (4)
Lanthanides show 3+ oxidation state generally.
24. The correct order of decreasing second ionisation enthalpy of Ti(22), V(23), Cr(24) and Mn(25) is
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) Ti > V > Cr > Mn (2) Cr > Mn > V > Ti (3) V > Mn > Cr > Ti (4) Mn > Cr > Ti > V
Sol. Answer (2)
Cr > Mn > V > Ti
This is the order of the decreasing second ionization enthalpy of above elements. After loosing an electron
Cr gains stable 3d5 configuration which describes it high 2nd ionization enthalpy. Mn also loses an electron
and form stable half filled Mn+(3d54s1). Vanadium due to smaller size posses higher 2nd ionization enthalpy
that Ti.
25. Number of moles of MnO4– required to oxidize one mole of ferrous oxalate completely in acidic medium will be
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]
(1) 0.2 moles (2) 0.6 moles (3) 0.4 moles (4) 7.5 moles

Sol. Answer (2)

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30 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

26. Identify the incorrect statement among the following [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]

(1) Shielding power of 4f electrons is quite weak

(2) There is a decrease in the radii of the atoms or ions as one proceeds from La to Lu

(3) Lanthanoid contraction is the accumulation of successive shrinkages

(4) As a result of lanthanoid contraction, the properties of 4d series of the transition elements have no similarities
with the 5d series of elements

Sol. Answer (4)

27. Which one of the following ions is the most stable in aqueous solution? (Atomic number. Ti = 22, V = 23, Cr = 24,
Mn = 25) [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]

(1) Mn2+ (2) Cr3+ (3) V3+ (4) Ti3+

Sol. Answer (2)

Cr3+  d3 configuration

i.e. t2g orbitals is half filled  Stable aqueous compound.

28. More number of oxidation states are exhibited by the actinoids than by the lanthanoids. The main reason for this
is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) More energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than that between 4f and 5d orbitals

(2) Lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than that between 4f and 5d orbitals

(3) Greater metallic character of the lanthanoids than that of the corresponding actinoids

(4) More active nature of the actinoids

Sol. Answer (2)

29. Copper sulphate dissolves in excess of KCN to give [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) CuCN (2) [Cu(CN)4]3– (3) [Cu(CN)4]2– (4) Cu(CN)2

Sol. Answer (2)

 K 3  Cu(CN) 4 
CuSO 4 + KCN 
(excess)

30. In which of the following pairs are both the ions coloured in aqueous solution?(At. no.: Sc = 21, Ti = 22, Ni = 28,
Cu = 29, Co = 27) [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) Ni2+, Ti3+ (2) Sc3+, Ti3+ (3) Sc3+, Co2+ (4) Ni2+, Cu+

Sol. Answer (1)

Ti3+ (3d1) and Ni2+ (3d8) have unpaired electrons.

 Both Ti3+ and Ni2+ ions are coloured in aqueous solution.

31. The number of moles of KMnO4 reduced one mole of Kl in alkaline medium is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]

(1) One fifth (2) Five (3) One (4) Two

Sol. Answer (4)

In alkaline medium

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 31

2MnO 4 – + H 2O + I – 
 2MnO 2 + 2OH – + IO 3–

 2 moles of KMnO4 are reduced by 1 mole of KI.

32. The aqueous solution containing which one of the following ions will be colourless? (Atomic no. Sc = 21, Fe = 26,
Ti = 22, Mn = 25) [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]

(1) Sc3+ (2) Fe2+ (3) Ti3+ (4) Mn2+

Sol. Answer (1)

Sc3+ has 3d0 configuration with no unpaired electron. Therefore Sc3+ is colourless in its aqueous solution.
33. Four successive members of the first row transition elements are listed below with their atomic numbers. Which
one of them expected to have the highest third ionization enthalpy? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Vanadium (Z = 23) (2) Chromium (Z = 24) (3) Iron (Z = 26) (4) Manganese (Z = 25)
Sol. Answer (4)
34. The main reason for larger number of oxidation states exhibited by the actinides than the corresponding lanthanides,
is [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than between 4f and 5d orbitals
(2) Larger atomic size of actinides than the lanthanides
(3) More energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals than between 4f and 5d orbitals
(4) Greater reactive nature of the actinides than the lanthanides
Sol. Answer (1)
Because of the lesser energy difference between 5f and 6d orbitals as compared to that of 4f and 5d orbitals,
achnoids exhibits more number of oxidation states.
35. The catalytic activity of transition metals and their compounds is ascribed mainly to
(1) Their magnetic behaviour (2) Their unfilled d-orbitals
(3) Their ability to adopt variable oxidation states (4) Their chemical reactivity
Sol. Answer (3)
The ability to adopt variable oxidation state is the main reason which explains the catalytic activity of transition
metals.
36. Which one of the following elements shows maximum number of different oxidation states in its compounds?
(1) Gd (2) La (3) Eu (4) Am
Sol. Answer (4)
Americium (Am) being an actinide exhibits more number of oxidation states than lanthanides. It exhibits +3,
+4, +6, and +5 oxidation states.
37. Without losing its concentration ZnCl2 solution cannot be kept in contact with
(1) Pb (2) Al (3) Au (4) Ag
Sol. Answer (2)
Aluminium (Al) is more reactive than Zn and it can displace Zn from its salt solution.
38. Which ion is colourless?
(1) Cr4+ (2) Sc3+ (3) Ti3+ (4) V3+
Sol. Answer (2)

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32 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

Sc3+ does not have any unpaired electron, hence it is colourless.


Sc3+ = 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6
39. General electronic configuration of lanthanides is
(1) (n – 2) f 1 – 14 (n – 1) d 0 – 1 ns2 (2) (n – 2) f 10 – 14 (n – 1) d 0 – 1 ns2
(3) (n – 2) f 0 – 14 (n – 1) d 10 ns2 (4) (n – 2) d 0 – 1 (n – 1) f 1 – 14 ns2
Sol. Answer (1)
The general electronic configuration of lanthanides is (n – 2) f 1 – 14 (n – 1) d 0 – 1 ns2
40. Which of the following shows maximum number of oxidation states?
(1) Cr (2) Fe (3) Mn (4) V
Sol. Answer (3)
Manganese show maximum number of oxidation states from +2 to +7.
41. In the silver plating of copper, K[Ag(CN)2] is used instead of AgNO3. The reason is
(1) A thin layer of Ag is formed on Cu
(2) More voltage is required
(3) Ag+ ions are completely removed from solution
(4) Less availability of Ag+ ions, as Cu can not displace Ag from [Ag(CN)2]– ion
Sol. Answer (4)
Fact.
42. CuSO4 when reacts with KCN forms CuCN, which is insoluble in water. It is soluble in excess of KCN, due
to formation of the following complex
(1) K2[Cu(CN)4] (2) K3[Cu(CN)4] (3) CuCN2 (4) Cu[K Cu(CN)4]
Sol. Answer (2)

CuSO 4 + 2KCN 
 CuCN + K 2SO 4

 K 3  Cu(CN) 4 
CuCN + 3KCN 

43. Which of the following is expected to be coloured in solutions?


(1) Cu+ (2) Cu2+ (3) Ti4+ (4) Sc3+
Sol. Answer (2)
Cu2+ = 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 3d9
Cu2+ contains unpaired electron in d-subsheel and hence Cu2+ is coloured in solution.
44. The basic character of the transition metal monoxides follows the order (Atomic nos. Ti = 22, V = 23,
Cr = 24, Fe = 26)
(1) VO > CrO > TiO > FeO (2) CrO > VO > FeO > TiO
(3) TiO > FeO > VO > CrO (4) TiO > VO > CrO > FeO
Sol. Answer (4)
TiO > VO > CrO > FeO
45. The correct order of ionic radii of Y3+, La3+, Eu3+ and Lu3+ is (Atomic nos. Y = 39, La = 57, Eu = 63, Lu = 71)
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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 33
(1) Y3+ < La3+ < Eu3+ < Lu3+ (2) Y3+ < Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+
(3) Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+ < Y3+ (4) La3+ < Eu3+ < Lu3+ < Y3+
Sol. Answer (2)
The correct order of ionic radii of Y3+, La3+, Eu3+ and Lu3+ is
Y3+ < Lu3+ < Eu3+ < La3+
Due to lanthanide contraction, the size of 3+ ion decreases continuously from La to Iu, but Lu+3 ion has ionic
size greater than that of Y+3 which is a d block element.
46. Among the following series of transition metal ions, the one where all metal ions have 3d2 electronic
configuration is [At. Nos. Ti = 22, V = 23, Cr = 24, Mn = 25]

(1) Ti3+, V2+, Cr3+, Mn4+

(2) Ti+, V4+, Cr6+, Mn7+

(3) Ti4+, V3+, Cr2+, Mn3+

(4) Ti2+, V3+, Cr4+, Mn5+

Sol. Answer (4)

Ti = 3d2, 4s2; V = 3d3, 4s2; Cr4+ = 3d5, 4s1; Mn = 3d5, 4s2

 Ti+2, V+3, Cr+4 and Mn+5 have 3d2 configuration.

47. Lanthanides are

(1) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic number 90 to 103) that are filling 4f sublevel

(2) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic number = 90 to 103) that are filling 5f sublevel

(3) 14 elements in the sixth period (atomic number = 58 to 71) that are filling the 4f sublevel

(4) 14 elements in the seventh period (atomic number = 50 to 71) that are filling 4f sublevel

Sol. Answer (3)

Lanthanides are member of 6th period and starts from atomic number 58 to 71. They are 14 element in which
filling of electrons takes place in 4f sublevel.

48. Which of the following statement is not correct?

(1) La(OH)2 is less basic than Lu(OH)3

(2) In lanthanide series ionic radius of Lu+3 ion decreases

(3) La is actually an element of transition series rather lanthanides

(4) Atomic radius of Zr and Hf are same because of lanthanide contraction

Sol. Answer (1)

As we go right in a period, the basic character decreases.

49. Which one of the elements with the following outer orbital configurations may exhibit the largest number of
oxidations states?
(1) 3d24s2 (2) 3d34s2

(3) 3d54s1 (4) 3d54s2

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34 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (4)

3d54s2 will show highest numbers of oxidation states.

50. The highest possible oxidation state shown by osmium in its compound is

(1) +4 (2) +8

(3) +6 (4) +10

Sol. Answer (2)

OS shows 8+ oxidation state (maximum).

SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : FeO is basic in character.
R : Oxides of Transition metals are basic when metal is in lower oxidation state.
Sol. Answer (1)
Both are correct and correct explanation (fact).
2. A : Ti (IV) complexes are white.
R : Ti (IV) has no electrons in d subshell.
Sol. Answer (1)
Ti4+  3d0  no d-d transition  no colour.
3. A : Ce4+ is a good oxidizing agent.
R : Sm2+ is a good reducing agent.
Sol. Answer (2)
Both the statements are true.
But, reason is not the correct explanation for oxidizing character of Ce4+.
4. A : Equivalent mass of K2Cr2O7 when it acts as an oxidizing agent in acidic medium is M/6.
R : During reduction, oxidation number of chromium changes from +6 to +3.
Sol. Answer (1)
In acidic medium, n-factor of K2Cr2O7 is 6
M
 Equivalent mass =
6
5. A : All Cr–O bond length in K2Cr2O7 are equal.
R : Both the Cr are present in dsp2 hybrid state.
Sol. Answer (4)
In K2Cr2O7, some Cr–O bonds have double bond and some are single bond, so bond lengths are different and
Cr is sp3 hybridized.
6. A : FeCl3 reacts with KCNS to give blood red colour.
R : FeCl3 reacts with KCNS to form potassium ferro-ferricyanide.
Sol. Answer (3)

FeCl 3 + KCNS 
 Fe(CNS) 3 + 3KCl
 Yellow  (Blood red
ferric thiocyanate)

7. A : La(OH)3 is less basic than Lu(OH)3.

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Solutions of Assignment The d and f-Block Elements 35
R : Basic character of hydroxides of lanthanides increase on moving from La+3 to Lu+3.
Sol. Answer (4)
As we go right in a period the basic nature of hydroxides decreases.
8. A : KMnO4 is purple in colour due to charge transfer.
R : In MnO4–, Mn is in + 7 oxidation state and thus has no electron present in d orbitals.
Sol. Answer (1)
KMnO4 is purple.
In Mn7+ no any d electron, so d-d transition is not possible. Hence charge transfer.
9. A : CuSO4.5H2O on heating to 250°C losses all the five H2O molecules and becomes anhydrous.
R : All the five H2O molecules are co-ordinated to the central Cu+2 ion.
Sol. Answer (3)

CuSO 4  5H 2O 
250 C
 CuSO 4 + 5H 2O
(anhydrous)

All the 5H2O molecules are not bonded to the central atom.
10. A : Cr2O7–2 is orange in colour.
R : It is due to the presence of unpaired electrons in d-subshell of Cr.
Sol. Answer (3)
Cr2O7–2  orange colour true
Here Cr is in 6+  3d0 4s0  no any unpaired electron in d-subshell.
11. A : Mn shows exceptional M.P. in 3d series.
R : Its outer configuration is 4s2 3d5.
Sol. Answer (1)
Mn shows exceptional MP. Due to its very stable configuration i.e. 3d5 4s2.
12. A : I.E. of 5d elements > 4d elements in general.
R : It is due to lanthanide contraction.
Sol. Answer (1)
I.E. 5d elements > I.E. 4d elements due to lanthanide contraction.
13. A : There is very less gap between the value of radii of 4d and 5d elements.
R : Size of 5d is more than 4d subshell.
Sol. Answer (2)
The gap between radii of 4d and 5d elements is very less due to lanthanide contraction and size of 5d is
greater than size of 4d  True.
14. A : Mn2O7 is acidic in nature.
R : Mn has +7 oxidation state.
Sol. Answer (1)
Mn2O7 acidic in nature  True. In 7+ state Mn has high tendency to accept electron.
15. A : NiCl2 is more stable than PtCl2.
R : K2PtCl6 is more stable than K2NiCl6.
Sol. Answer (2)

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36 The d and f-Block Elements Solutions of Assignment

NiCl2 is more stable than PtCl2  True


K2PtCl6 is more stable than K2NiCl6  True
Reason is CFSE.
16. A : Cr2O72– becomes equilibrium with CrO42– at PH > 5.
R : Cr2O72– is tetrahedral having Cr – O – Cr angle 109º28.
Sol. Answer (4)
H
P =4
CrO 2–
4

  2–
 Cr2O 7
In K2 Cr2O7 the Cr–O–Cr angle is 126°.
17. A : In CrO5 oxidation state of Cr is +10.
R : Cr2O72– (aq) is yellow in colour.
Sol. Answer (4)
In CrO5, oxidation state of Cr is 6+.
Cr2O72– (aq) is orange in colour.
18. A : Cu2+ is the only ion (M2+) which has positive Eºred (M2+/M) in 3d series.
R : Cu has lower hydration enthalpy as comparision to its I.E. and Hatm.
Sol. Answer (1)
Both the statements are correct with proper explanation.
19. A : Hg is a liquid transition metal.
R : It has strong metallic bonding.
Sol. Answer (4)
Hg is not a transition metal and there is no any strong metallic bonding that is why it is liquid.
20. A : Lanthanides have +3 as most common oxidation state.
R : Electrons of 4f in lanthanides rarely participate in bonding.
Sol. Answer (1)
Lanthanides, most commonly shows 3+ oxidation state because the 4f electrons do not participate in bonding.

  

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