Module 1-Lesson 4

Communication for various purposes

(Lesson 1/1wk)

Introduction
There are many purposeful uses of communication. According
to Beverly Vicker, we always communicate with a purpose each day. People
communicate with a variety of reasons, in a variety of ways. While effective
communication is extremely broad, there are basic components for everyone to
consider in order communicating with purpose.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, you must have:

 Conveyed ideas through oral, audio-visual, and/or web-based presentations for different
target audiences in local and global settings using appropriate registers;

 Created clear, coherent, and effective communication;

 Presented ideas persuasively using appropriate language registers, tone, facial

expressions, and gestures; and

 Adopted awareness of audience and contexts in presenting ideas.

Learning Contents

The lesson that follows will guide you to work on different purposes of communication
and write your own coherent and unified essay using the strategies or steps to be discussed.

Module 7 – Communication for Various Purposes

Communicate to obtain information

Understanding and communicating scientific information can be challenging,
unlike in education, law, criminology, nursing and many other academic disciplines.
 Types of speeches according to Purpose:

INFORMATIVE SPEECH
An informative speech is one in which the speaker relays knowledge to an
audience on a specific topic. There are four distinct categories of topic: things, people,
or places, methods, events, ideas
Speeches about Objects for the purposes of this type of informative speech,
anything that is visible and tangible is considered an object. Object speeches seek to
impart knowledge about this object to the audience. Whether your object is the human
body or the most recent episode of Family Guy, informative object speeches provide a
comprehensive overview of your object as topic. It's important that object speeches
have a purpose: using our previous examples, you may discuss the complex, myriad
ways in which the endocrine system functions and how it regulates metabolism;
similarly, you may describe how Family Guy serves as a modern form of satire in pop
culture. It's one thing to spout off facts about an object, but there must be a purpose to
those facts.

Speeches about Processes

A process is the manner in which something is created, made, done, or works.

An informative speech about a process then describes how something is made, done, or
works. Processes could include anything from how the modern electoral college works
to how an ice cream sandwich is made on the factory line. Informative process
speeches work to help your audience both understand the process, and possibly be able
to replicate the process for themselves (if applicable).

Speeches about Events

Any occurrence that happens is regarded as an "event.” A speech about an event

then, describes the occurrence in full: the time, date, location, and circumstances of
that occurrence. Like all informative speeches, event speeches must also serve a
purpose. You may talk about how the Battles of Lexington and Concord came to be
known as the "shot heard 'round the world," or describe the experience of your first
week at college. In either case, your speech must have a purpose to it.

Speeches about Concepts

Concepts refer to ideas, beliefs, theories, attitudes, and/or principles. When

speaking about concepts, you may have to find concrete ideas in order to make
abstract ideas more relatable and tangible to your audience. Whether discussing the
theory of the origins of the universe to whether there's any truth to the phrase "love at
first sight," concept speeches break down complex ideas into manageable chunks of
understanding for your

PERSUASIVE SPEECH

A persuasive speech is a specific type of speech in which the speaker has a goal
of convincing the audience to accept his or her point of view. The speech is arranged in
such a way as to hopefully cause the audience to accept all or part of the expressed
view audience.

ARGUMENTATIVE SPEECH

Argumentative speech is the first part of persuasive public speaking

Argumentative speeches are often about hot topics, and they encourage the audience
to change their views or opinions on a topic. The speaker shows an obvious problem at
the beginning of the speech and then moves on to show proof of that problem and then
suggests a solution in the body. The conclusion sums up the speech's main idea and
 supporting points and should leave the audience ready to make a decision based on
what they just heard.

When delivering an argumentative speech, the speaker must be careful to use

facts rather than emotions to support the chosen claim, and it's important to avoid bias.

TYPES OF APPEAL:
APPEAL TO REASON
The argument should appeal to rational intellect by finding a common ground to
enable the audience to fully understand the topics.

APPEAL TO EMOTION
Argument should anticipate the ethical, religious, social and political beliefs and
feelings of the audience

APPEAL TO CHARACTER
Argument should appeal to the sense of right and wrong, justice and fair play

Entertaining Speech

The primary purpose of a speech to entertain is to have the audience relax, smile
and enjoy the occasion. The speech should have a central theme or a focus. A series of
jokes will NOT work well for this type of speech.

-aims to amuse and delight people

Offers lighter moments to people to make them run away from the usual
humdrums of everyday life.
 Speech writing checklist (Peterson 2015)
 Give a dramatic twist to normal issue
 Perform dialogues and metaphors
 Tell a personal experience and interrelate humorous anecdote to the main theme
 Give mocking comments on perfectly ordinary things, persons, places, values or
thoughts

Purpose of Entertaining Speech:

 Crowd pleaser
 Hold attention

INSPIRATIONAL SPEECH
-          
It is a way to stir up people's higher-order values and plant positive and valid
ideals in life. Inspirational speaker is a speaker who makes speeches intended to
motivate or inspire an audience. An Inspirational speech is written to persuade, or
convince the listeners, that they can succeed.

This might involve relating optimistic and uplifting stories, or anecdotes, based
on faith or real life situations taken from the lives of ordinary or famous people from
history, sports, politics and the Business world.

The objective of an inspirational speech is to provide the listener with the desire
and confidence to pursue difficult goals to maximize their own potential.

Other communication strategies for various purposes are as follow: inquiry letter,
minutes of the meeting, police report, political speeches, letter of appreciation and
Editorial about pressing issues.
Demonstrative Speech

A Demonstrative speech is written to explain and show people how to do

something. This might involve using various types of visual aids, or hand-out to ensure
the effectiveness of the instructions.

The Main Elements in Writing a Demonstration Speech

1. Instructions - Providing clear and concise instructions on how to complete a task

2. Task Breakdown -- The task must be broken down in a logical format, step by step
3. Key Points - Key points must be emphasized including any safety issues

The Structure and Outline of a Demonstration Speech

Opener - the opening, ice-breaker or attention grabber

Introduction - Tell them what the speech is about, what your objective is and what
the audience will be able to do following your demonstration speech

Benefits - Why the audience will benefit from learning how to complete the task

Task Breakdown - The task must be broken down in a logical format, step by step -
do not leave out any crucial points

Use Visual aids or props to help you to explain the process

Key Points - Key points must be repeated, including any safety issues, to ensure
maximum knowledge retention

Hand-out - Prepare an informative hand-out to give out to your audience

Conclusion - Try to 'Go out with a Bang' or end with a memorable punch line or
positive statement.

Entertaining Speech
An entertaining speech is one whose sole purpose is to have the audience enjoy
the presentation. The purpose of an entertaining speech is not to educate, inform or
inspire … it is to make the audience smile, relax, enjoy and maybe even laugh their
heads off.

How do you make a speech entertaining?

• tell jokes
• tell funny stories
• dramatize an anecdote
• tell a scary story

Guidelines in creating an entertaining speech

Chose an appropriate topic

You don’t want the topic to be too dense, complicated or heavy. Remember,
you’re not trying to give your audience a greater understanding of anything. You’re
there to help them have a good time.
Enjoy yourself

Believe it or not, it is hard for an audience to enjoy your presentation if it looks

like you are not enjoying presenting it!

Keep it simple:

Your presentation should be easy to follow. Don’t make it hard for your audience
to keep up with you mentally … or in any other way.

Make it visceral:

Use vivid word pictures. This is not the type of presentation where you can be
lazy in your descriptions. Make your words pop with strong images that pop in their
minds.

Say it like a roller coaster, baby!

Add unexpected twists and turns to your presentation. When you surprise your
audience with where your story is going, that adds to the entertainment factor.

Learning Assessment

After learning communication for various purposes, answer what is asked of you.

Direction: Define the following terms in your own words:

1. Communication for various purposes

2. Informative speech
3. Persuasive speech
4. Inspirational speech
5. inquiry letter
6. minutes of the meeting
7. police report
8. political speeches
9. letter of appreciation
10. Editorial about pressing issues
11. Demonstrative Speech
12. Entertaining speech

Enrichment Activities

Activity 1

DIRECTION:
Deliver a formal one-minute speech based on current issues (extemporaneous).
Send your video clip to my email address – [email protected].
 CONGRATULATIONS!

You have now reached the end of module 7, Lesson 1. Continue to

be resourceful, hardworking and diligent.

KEEP ON LEARNING! Be safe!”

REFERENCES

Allan, B. et al. (Eds.) (2018). The Modern Thoughts and Communication. London: Fontana.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill (2009). American Literature. Teacher's Edition. 8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
Malmkjaer, K. (Ed.) (2017). The Communication Encyclopedia. London & New York: Routledge.
Traugott, E. & Pratt, M. (2016). Purposive Communication for Students in the 21st Century. New
York: Harcourt Brace.
Wakat, Geraldine, et. al. (2018). Purposive Communication. Lorimar Publishing House. Cubao,
Quezon City, Metro Manila.
www.speechwriting.hfen.html
 Module 1 – Lesson 7
Communication for Work Purposes

Introduction
Workplace communication is the process of exchanging information, both
verbal and non-verbal, within an organization. There are many means of
communication. To be an effective and valuable member of your workplace it is
important that you become skilled in all the different methods of communication that
are appropriate. Effective workplace communication ensures that organizational
objectives are achieved. Workplace communication is tremendously important to
organizations because it increases productivity and efficiency. Ineffective workplace
communication leads to communication gaps between employees, which causes
confusion, wastes time, and reduces productivity. Misunderstandings that cause friction
between people can be avoided by communicating effectively. For communication to
occur it must pass from a sender to a receiver. This must occur irrespective of the form
of communication. For communication to be effective it must be understood by the
receiver and can be responded to. This means that communication involves speaking,
reading, listening, and reasoning skills. As communications pass from the source to the
receiver there is plenty of opportunity for its original meaning to change. Therefore
listening, reasoning and feedback is an important part of the process as it is an
opportunity for the sender to make sure the receiver has understood the message.

Learning Contents

The lesson that follows will guide you to work on communication for work purposes.

Module 7, Lesson 2 – Communication for Work Purposes

Workplace communication is the process of exchanging information, both verbal

and non-verbal, within an organization. There are many means of communication. To
be an effective and valuable member of your workplace it is important that you become
skilled in all the different methods of communication that are appropriate. Effective
workplace communication ensures that organizational objectives are achieved.
Workplace communication is tremendously important to organizations because it
increases productivity and efficiency. Ineffective workplace communication leads to
communication gaps between employees, which causes confusion, wastes time, and
reduces productivity. Misunderstandings that cause friction between people can be
avoided by communicating effectively. For communication to occur it must pass from a
sender to a receiver. This must occur irrespective of the form of communication. For
communication to be effective it must be understood by the receiver and can be
responded to. This means that communication involves speaking, reading, listening, and
reasoning skills. As communications pass from the source to the receiver there is plenty
of opportunity for its original meaning to change. Therefore listening, reasoning and
feedback is an important part of the process as it is an opportunity for the sender to
make sure the receiver has understood the message.

Why is Effective Communication for workplace Important?

1. Workplace communication improves productivity.

2. Workplace communication can increase employee job satisfaction.

3. Workplace communication can have a positive effect on absenteeism

and turnover rates.

How to Communicate in the Workplace

Communication in the workplace should occur in a way that responds positively

to individual differences. Consider the following:

 Value all individuals and treat them with respect, courtesy and
sensitivity.

 Recognize cultural differences.

 Communicate in a way to develop and maintain positive relationships,

trust and confidence.

 Make an effort to use basic strategies to overcome communication

barriers.

The way that you communicate impacts your ability to get along with people and
get the things that you want/need done. Communication, whether verbal, written or
visual can be expressed in positive and negative ways. Individuals need to take
feedback from how others interpret or perceive how they are communicating.
Sometimes we can be perceived as aggressive even though it is not intended.

When verbally communicating:

 Speak clearly and listen carefully to ensure information is understood.

 Ask questions and confirm the meaning of information to avoid

misunderstandings.

 Let others talk – a conversation is a two-way event at a minimum.

 Engage in difficult conversations when necessary – not saying something to

avoid a difficult conversation usually makes things worse.

 Ensure the tone you use is open and non-confrontational and encourage
feedback.

When communicating through email (or other written communication):

 Always read, then re-read an email before sending to check spelling, grammar
and tone.

 Ensure that the content of the email is relevant and has an appropriate subject
heading.
  Ensure that contact details are appended to the email, so that those reading it
can contact the sender if required.

 Be polite, concise, use valid points and avoid lengthy ramblings.

 Don’t cc the email to anyone to whom it is not relevant.

 Avoid using email to discuss confidential information.

The workplace is always a professional environment. This means that each type
of written communication has an expected professional standard. Some of the basic
expectations are that all written communication:

Is simple and easy to understand.

 Is to the point and avoids unnecessary repetition or sentence “sprawl” (long

rambling sentences).

 Avoids too many technical terms.

 Avoids slang, offensive language and discriminatory, racist or sexist language.

How to Communicate with Clients & Customers

A client or customer is someone you provide a service to, complete a task for, or
sell a product to outside of your organization. It is important that you are polite and use
verbal and non-verbal communication to respond to the client or customer requests in
an appropriate manner.

Miscommunication can occur in many ways and create significant problems in the
workplace. What your client or customer “hears” as they listen to you can become a
miscommunication based on:

 The words you are speaking being misinterpreted.

 Your body language sending a message that is different from your

words.

 They are not listening to you properly or you are not listening to them
properly.

Here are some tips to help you communicate effectively with clients and
customers:

 Speak clearly and accurately - speak at a rate your customer can understand
you and provide correct information.

 Be open and non-judgmental - have an open posture; do not judge the way
your customer is dressed or presents himself or herself.

 Be respectful of your customers’ feelings - be professional and be aware of the

words you use.  Use the customer’s name - this makes them feel special and valued.

 Unlearn your own bad habits - be aware of your own behaviour, always be self-
assessing.

 Be aware of non-verbal messages - make sure you are displaying positive and
appropriate body language at all times.
  Be interested in people - take a genuine interest in the customer’s needs. This
will build rapport and trust.

 Ask questions and be open to feedback – ask your customers open-ended

questions (not yes/no questions) to find out what they are looking for.

Learning Assessment

After learning communication for work place purposes, answer what is asked of you.

Direction: Define the following terms in your own words:

1. Communication for work purposes

2. Communication through email
3. Communication using social media
4. Informative speech
5. Communication with clients

Enrichment Activities

Activity 1

DIRECTION:
To be an effective and valuable member of your workplace it is important that
you become skilled in all the different methods of communication that are appropriate.
Deliver a formal one-minute informative speech based on communication for the
work place. Send your video clip to my email address – [email protected] or FB
Messenger.

CONGRATULATIONS!

You have now reached the end of module 7, Lesson 2. Continue to

be resourceful, hardworking and diligent.

KEEP ON LEARNING! Be safe!”

REFERENCES

Allan, B. et al. (Eds.) (2018). The Modern Thoughts and Communication. London: Fontana.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill (2009). American Literature. Teacher's Edition. 8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
Malmkjaer, K. (Ed.) (2017). The Communication Encyclopedia. London & New York: Routledge.
Traugott, E. & Pratt, M. (2016). Purposive Communication for Students in the 21st Century. New
York: Harcourt Brace.
Wakat, Geraldine, et. al. (2018). Purposive Communication. Lorimar Publishing House. Cubao,
Quezon City, Metro Manila.
www.speechwriting.hfen.html

Online Webliography

20 Ways to Communicate Effectively with Your Team

https://smallbiztrends.com/2013/11/ways-to-communicate-effectively-in-
theworkplace.html

Workplaces That Work: Interpersonal Communication

http://hrcouncil.ca/hr-toolkit/workplaces-interpersonal.cfm

Workplace Communication [Regional Skills Training Pty Ltd.]

http://www.regionalskillstraining.com/sites/default/files/content/WC%20Book
%201.pdf

Workplace Communication
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workplace_communication