Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,

Karnataka
Applied Mathematics

Sub Code: 18 MAV 11 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment,
… First Semester 16 weeks
Hrs/wk
Credits: 04
Course Objectives: The objectives of this course is
• To introduce students to the mostly used analytical and numerical methods
in the different engineering fields by making them
• To introduce students to learn Fourier series, Laplace transforms, Complex
Analysis, Linear Algebra, Vector Integration, numerical methods
• To introduce students to solve algebraic and transcendental equations and
Non-linear ordinary differential equations.

Module -I
Review of Fourier Series and Applications, Review of Laplace Transforms, and
Applications, Eigen values and Eigen vectors. Classification of second order
linear partial differential equations, Canonical forms for hyperbolic, parabolic
and elliptic equations, Homogeneous and Non Homogeneous equations with
constant coefficients.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2

Module-II
Vector Functions, General rules for differentiation, Velocity and Acceleration,
Gradient of a scalar field, Directional Derivative, Properties of Gradient,
Divergence of vector point function, Curl of a vector point function, Properties
of Divergence and Curl. Integration of vector functions, Line integral,
Circulation, Work done by a force, Surface integrals, Volume integrals,
Divergence Theorem of Gauss, Green's Theorem in the plane, Stoke's
Theorem, Problems on all the three theorems.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-III
Review of Complex analysis, Complex analysis applied to potential theory,
Electrostatic fields, conformal mapping, Heat problems, Fluid flow, General
properties of Harmonic functions, Complex Integration, Cauchy's Theorem,
Cauchy's Integral Formula, Cauchy's Integral Formula for Derivatives, Taylor's
and Laurent's series. Singular point, Residue, Method of finding Resides,
Residue Theorem, Contour Integration.

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-IV
Numerical Solutions algebraic and transcendental equations: Newton -
Raphson method, Iteration method, Aitken's method, Solution of linear
simultaneous equations. Gauss elimination method, Inverse of a matrix,
Gauss-Seidal method, Crout's method. Solution of Ordinary Differential
Equations: Taylor's Series method, Picard's method, Euler's method, Euler's
Modified method, Runge-Kutta 4th order method.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-V
Finite differences, Interpolation, Newton's Forward & Backward Interpolation
formulae, Lagrange's formula, Newton's Divided difference, Central difference
formulae (all formulae with proof). Numerical Differentiation, Numerical
Integration (all rules with proof).
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: On completion of this course, students are able to:

1. Know the use of periodic signals and Fourier series to analyze circuits
and system communications.
2. Solve Non-linear Partial differential equation
3. Employ appropriate numerical methods to solve algebraic and
transcendental equations.
4. Αpply Green's Theorem, Divergence Theorem and Stokes' theorem in
various applications in the field of electro-magnetic and gravitational
fields and fluid flow problems.
5. Employ appropriate numerical methods to solve Initial value problems.

Text Books:
1. Erwin Kreyszig: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley &
Sons(Asia) Pvt. Ltd. 10th edition, 2010, ISBN 978-0-470-45836-5 .
2. H K Dass: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, S Chand and Company Ltd.
20th edition, 2015. ISBN, : 9788121903455

References
1. Bali and Iyengar: Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi Publications (P) Ltd. 6th
edition, 2004.

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
Aircraft Communication Systems & Standards

Sub Code: 17 MAV 12 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment,
3 First Semester 16 weeks
Hrs/wk
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To refresh fundamentals of basis communication and study how that
applies to Avionics Communications
• To analyze data communication & understand how it helps in
networked systems
• To understand different aeronautical communication radios and data
equipment in Aircraft and on ground
• To understand various buses and advanced communication methods
in aircraft

Module-I

Basics of information theory, sampling and quantization, coding, modulation,

signal detection and system performance in the presence of noise.
Multiplexing Techniques – TDMA, FDMA and CDMA - Theory and Performance
Fundamentals of Encryption – DES and Public Key Encryption. HF, VHF and
SATCOM Antennas, Radiation pattern and Impedance.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-II

ISO OSI Model. Line Coding- RZ, NRZ, Manchester. Error detection and
correction – Parity, ARQ, CRC, Reed Solomon coding. Communication
protocols – HDLC, DSL, ADSL, Ethernet Communication, IEEE 802.3, Gigabit
Ethernet, Wireless IEEE 802.11, Internet Protocols – IP, UDP, TCP/IP. AFDX,
ARINC 664, CANBUS, TTP/C.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-III

Requirements of ATN – Data and Voice Communication. HF, VHF, SATCOM

Systems – Basic Principles, Frequency Spectrum, Performance. Airborne and
Land based segments. Functional block diagram of different communication
systems in an aircraft and inter communication. ACARS – Requirements,
Principles and Implementation. Principles of SW Defined Radios, Multi-Mode
Receiver
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-IV

CMU - Requirements, HW Architecture, Interface Protocols, SW Requirements

and SW Architecture. VHF Digital Radio - Mode – A,0,2,3 and 4 Requirements,
Performance, HW and SW Architecture, SW requirements, Signal Processing

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V

Satellite Communication - Geosynchronous Satellite, IMMARSAT for Aircraft

Application, uplink and downlink, Transceiver Architecture. HF Communication
- Performance, Ionospheric Propagation, Transceiver Architecture. Advanced
communication techniques - LDACS, WiMAX, 4G Wireless, WAIC.

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To propose and solve new communication needs in modern aircraft
scenarios
• To make different communication equipment’s interwork to deliver
fast and content rich communication
• To visualize different components on radio and wired
communications
• To come up with new data communication methods

Text Books
1. John G Proakis and Salehi. Communications Systems Engineering, Phi
Publications, 2009, ISBN: 9788120327504,
2. Haykin. Communication Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2000,
ISBN 10: 0471178691

References:
1. A. Tanenbaum. Computer Networks. 1996.
2. Aircraft Communications Electronic Signaling System (SAE) by F. W
Griffith
3. Alfred Helfrick, Principles of Avionics, Leesburg, VA: Avionics
Communications, 2002.

*****

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
Fundamentals of Avionics

Sub Code: 17 MAV 13 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment,
… First Semester 16 weeks
Hrs/wk
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand analyze Avionics System Requirements
• To understand evolution of Flight Deck Design
• To understand Federated and Integrated Avionics System
Architectures involving MAU, LRMs and various digital Databus
networks.
• To understand system assessment methods

Module-I:Avionics System Requirements & Flight Deck

Typical Standards and Agencies in civil and Military avionics, Mission oriented
Avionics System Requirements – Design Drivers, Mission Analysis Techniques,
Capturing Avionics Requirements - Top Down and Bottom; Safety
Requirements, Human Factors Engineering, Modeling of HFE, Flight Deck
Design – Philosophy, Automation & Situational Awareness,Evolution of Cockpit
Instrumentation including HVGS
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Digital Avionics Data Bus Systems

Unidirectional and Bidirectional Data bus systems, Protocols, Topologies,
Typical Avionics Data Buses: MIL-STD-1553B, ARINC-429, CSDB, CAN,
ARINC-629, ASCB, AFDX;
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Avionics system architectures,

Evolution of Architectures, Types of System Architectures – Centralized,
Distributed, Federated and Integrated Modular Avionics Architectures, MAU,
LRM, GENESIS
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-IV: Matching Avionics to Aircraft
Standardization of Avionics Packaging- LRU, ARINC and DOD types, system
cooling, EMI/EMC requirements. Aircraft powers systems: Electrical power
generation & distribution systems. Civil and Military Electrical Power
requirement standards, comparing the Military and Civil Requirements and
Tips for Power System Design,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: System Assessment Maintainability and Reliability

Hardware assessment, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Failure Mode and Effect
Analysis(FMEA), Criticality and damaging modes and effects analysis. Avionics
Software Technologies, Assessment and Validation – standards, Evolution of
Automatic Test Equipment for maintenance, Evolution of Test Language –
ATLAS; Introduction to Reliability.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To apply System requirement analysis methods for decomposition of
functions among systems and sub systems
• To build message structures using databus concepts and to evolve
conceptual avionics system architectures
• To evolve avionics test bench architecture
• To appreciate importance of HFE in Flight Deck Design and
automation

Text Books
1. RPG Collinson., ‘Introduction to Avionics Systems’, Third edision, Springer, 2013,
ISBN 978-94-007-0707-8
2. Ian Moir and Allan Seabridge., ‘Civil Avionics Systems’, AIAA Education Series,
2002. ISBN: 978-1-118-34180-3.
References
1. Spitzer, C.R. ‘Digital Avionics Systems- Principles and Practice’, The Blackburn Press,
N.J., U.S.A., 2000.
2. Len Buckwalter., ‘Avionics Databuses’, published by Avionics Communications,
2008
3. Cary R. Spitzer, Digital Avionics Handbook, CRC Press, 2007.ISBN 0 -8483-8441-9

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
Flight Dynamics & Control

Sub Code: 17 MAV 21 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Second
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand lateral and longitudinal equations of motion of aircraft
• To analyze different modes in longitudinal and lateral motions
• To analyze stability in frequency domain
• To understand various types of AFCS functions and conceptual
design methods

Module-I: Flight Dynamics

Review of Basic Flight Fundamentals: Aircraft Axes system, Different Forces
and Moments acting on an aircraft and their coefficients
Introduction to Rigid body Dynamics, Aircraft's Motion, Forces and Moments
Equations, Equation of motion, Eulers and Hamilton, Linearization, Non
Dimensional forms, Rotary Derivatives
Laplace Transformation, Frequency Response and Root locus, Introduction to
linearized and small-perturbation methods of analysis.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Modeling of Aircraft Motions

Modeling of Aircraft with aerodynamic forces, State space and transfer
function representation of dynamical systems, Linearization, Nonlinear model
of flight vehicle dynamics, Linear model of flight vehicle dynamics, Modes and
dynamic behavior of linear systems, Flight vehicle modes: phugoid, short
period, dutch roll, roll and spiral, handling qualities.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Steady State Stability and control

Stability (Static and Dynamic), Performance and figures of merits of aircraft:

CP and CG, Wind, Body, Stability and Principal Axes, Stability augmentation,
control augmentation and Stability Boundaries and parameters affecting
them. Longitudinal, Lateral and roll Stability: Necessary conditions and
Stability Margins
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-IV: Aircraft Controls

Introduction to Aircraft Controls systems: Direct Control, Hydraulic Powered

and Power Assisted Controls, AFCS, Fly-By-Wire. High Mach Number
Difficulties, Trim changes due to compressibility, Transonic Pitchup
Aircraft Flight control laws, redundancy requirements and envelop protection,
MATLAB simulation of Lateral / Longitudinal Control of an aircraft. Frequency
response of airplane – atmospheric disturbances and their effects on flight.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module–V: FCS - Design orientation

Types of FCS, Classification of A/C, Flight Envelopes, Flight Phases, HQ

ratings, Reliability Requirements, Governing Regulations and Standards,
Need for AFCS, Aircraft Motion sensors and airdata systems for AFCS, Types
of Actuation Systems- Electro hydraulic and Electromechanical, Artificial Feel
Systems, Typical Operating modes of AFCS, Typical AFDS Architectures,
Coupling of AFDS with primary FCS, Control law implementation in digital
domain, Integration and evaluation of AFCS on ground using HIL simulation
facility, Some examples of AFDS /FBW
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To represent aircraft equations of motion in SS and TF form
• To analyze stability characterizes of longitudinal and lateral motions
• To analyze AFCS functions in time and frequency domain

Text Books:
1. Bernard Etkin, ‘Dynamics of Flight: Stability and Control’, Wiley India, 2011,
ISBN 13: 9780471089360
2. Jan Roskam., ‘Airplane flight dynamics and automatic flight controls, Part-I’, DAR
Corp, 2003
References:
1. Brian LS and Frank LL., ‘Aircraft Control and Simulation’, Wiley India, 2010
2. Introduction to Aircraft Flight Mechanics: Performance, Static Stability, Dynamic
Stability, and Classical Feedback Control, AIAA Education Series,
by Thomas R. Yechout, Steven L. Morris, David E. Bossert, Wayne F. Hallgren
3. Aircraft systems: mechanical, electrical, and avionics subsystems integration By Ian
Moir, Allan Seabridge, 3rd Edition, 2008

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
Aircraft Navigation Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 22 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Second
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand various types of aircraft navigation systems and
initialization requirements
• To analyze different types of navigation errors and correction
methods
• To understand working principles of GPS navigation, signal in space
requirements and message structures
• To analyze different types of navigation errors and correction
methods

Module –I: Inertial Sensors & Inertial Navigation

Gyroscopes-Mechanical-electromechanical-Ring Laser gyro- Fibre optic gyro,
Accelerometers. INS components and errors-The earth in inertial space, the
coriolis effect- Mechanisation. Stabilized Platform and Strap down INS system,
block diagrams, Different co-ordinate systems, Schuler loop, compensation
errors, Cross coupling, Gimbal lock, Alignment.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Radio Navigation

Different types of radio navigation- ADF, VOR/DME- Doppler -LORAN and
Omega
Teaching Hours: 10
Module-III: Approach and Landing aids
ILS, MLS, GLS, Ground controlled approach system, surveillance systems,
radio altimeter
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –IV: Satellite Navigation

Introduction to GPS - system description - basic principles - position and
velocity determination-signal structure, Augmented GPS including WAAS and
GBAS.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-V: Hybrid Navigation

Introduction to Kalman filtering-Estimation and mixed mode navigation-
Integration of GPS and INS-utilization of navigation systems in aircraft

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To determine performance metrics of different navigation systems
• To build message structures for GPS navigation
• To be able to parse the raw binary data files of GPS navigation

Text Books:
1. Myron K and Walter R Fred., ‘Avionics Navigation Systems’, Wiley India,
2010, ISBN:978-81-265-2400-6
2. RPG Collinson., ‘Introduction to Avionics’, Springer, 2013, ISBN:978-81-
322-1346-8

References
1. Nagaraja, N.S. “Elements of Electronic Navigation”, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub.
Co., New Delhi, 1975.
2. Sen, A.K. & Bhattacharya, A.B. “Radar System and Radar Aids to
Navigation”, Khanna Publishers, 1988.
3. Myron Kyton, Walfred Fried, ‘Avionics Navigation Systems’, John Wiley &
Sons, 1997

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
Aircraft Display Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 23 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Second
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand principles and evolution of cockpit display systems
• To acquire knowledge on functional aspects of various cockpit display
instruments and control panels
• To understand computer graphics for cockpit displays

Module–I: Display Technologies

Trends in display technology – Alphanumeric displays, character display etc.
Basic components of display systems. CRT displays, Plasma display, Solid
state displays, LCDs and their characteristics.
Lecture Hours: 8; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-II: Cockpit Displays – Functional View
Head up displays – Basic principles – Holographic HUDs - HUD electronics –
HUD design and display generation. Helmet mounted displays – Helmet design
factor – Helmet mounted sights – Head tracking system. Head down displays
– Raster overlay display generation – Digitally generated color map displays.
Multifunction displays – control and data entry – Multifunction keyboards-
voice interactive systems.
Lecture Hours: 8; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Display Processor Requirements & Architecture

Concepts – Role of display processor – Design steps – Hardware architecture
and Building blocks – Software Architecture – Symbol Generator –Display
drive circuits – Display management Processor, Arinc 661 standards

Lecture Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module- IV: Computer Graphics

Vector generation display processors, Raster graphics, Graphic algorithms for
generation of primitives, Display files, File compiler, Two and three
dimensional transformation, clipping and windowing, Hidden line and hidden
surface algorithms.
Lecture Hours: 12; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module-V: Graphics Standards
Graphic standards – 2D standards, 3D standards, X- Windows and their
Application methods
Lecture Hours: 12; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To apply solve system interface requirements with Pilot in Loop
• To evolve cockpit display system architectures
• To generate symbologies and widgets using computer graphics

Text Books
1. Malcolm Jukes., ‘Aircraft Dsiplay Systems’, Wiley Series in Aerospace, 2014
2. Giloi W.K. “Interactive Computer Graphics, Data Structures, Algorithms,
Languages”, Prentice – Hall, 1988.

References:
1. W.M.Newman And R.F. Sproul - Principles Of Interactive Computer
Graphics, McGraw - Hill, 1981
2. Davis, Computer Displays, Prentice – Hall, 1982.
3. R.B.G. Collinson – Introduction to Avionics, 3rd Edition, Springer, 2013.
4. Cary R. Spitzer, The Avionics Handbook, CRC Press, 2000.

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Flight Instrumentation and Flight Management Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 14 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Third
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand various types of flight and power plant instruments
• To understand flight plans and architectures of FMS
• To understand mission profiles and trajectory predictions
• To understand Guidance functions of FMS

Module-I: Measurement Science

Instrumentation brief review-Concept of measurement-Errors and error
estimation- Functional elements of an instrument system-System
representation- Static and dynamic characteristics- Mathematical modeling
and system analysis, Instrumentation Amplifiers
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-II: Power Plant Instruments
Pressure measurement, temperature measurement, fuel quantity
measurement, engine power and control instruments-measurement of RPM,
manifold pressure, torque, exhaust gas temperature, EPR, fuel flow, engine
vibration, monitoring.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –III: Flight Instruments

Modeling of Atmosphere, ISA, Geopotential Altitude and Pressure Altitude,
Density Altitude, Measurement of Indicated Airspeed IAS, CAS and EAS.
Overview of Airdata Computer, Measurement of Vertical speed, Outside Air
Temperature OAT and Angle of attack. Gyroscopic flight instruments-
Gyroscope and its properties, gyro system. Earth’s magnetic field and
Magnetic Variation, Direct reading compass, Magnetic Heading Reference
System-MHRS, Remote Magnetic Indicator RMI,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-IV: FMS Architecture and functions

Functional Requirements of FMS, Typical FMS Functional Architecture, system

composition and LRU interfaces. Integrated Navigation Function, Overview of
LNAV, VNAV and RNP, Blending of Nav data with complementary Filters, Flight
Planning Function, Navigation Database, Procedure Legs, Crew Interface -
Interactive Operations with MCDU, Guidelines as per ARINC 661 and ARINC
739. Overview of CPDLC
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Mission profiles & Trajectory predictions

Typical Flight Mission Profiles and flight path requirements. Range – Payload
Diagram for typical mission. Flight Path Trajectory Prediction Function,
Performance Database, Predictions for climbing, Cruise, level accelerations
and Descend phases, Guidance Function using AFDS– Flight Path Capture and
hold, Altitude Capture and Hold, Speed Control through Auto Throttle system
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze performance characteristics of various flight and power
plant instruments
• To synthesize conceptual building blocks of FMS
• To predict flight path trajectories for various phases

Text Books
1. Murthy, D.V.S., 'Transducers and Measurements', Prentice Hall India
Learning Private Limited, 2008, ISBN-13: 978-8120335691
2. Randy Walter, ‘Flight Management Systems’, in Avionics Hand Book, CRC
press, 2007, ISBN 0 -8493-8438-9
References:
1. Myron K and Walter RF., ‘Avionics Navigation Systems’, Wiley India, 2010.
2. Ian Moir,’ Civil Avionics systems’, AIAA publications, 2003
3. M.E.Eshelby, Aircraft Performance: Theory and Practice, AIAA Education
Series,2000
4. Performance Based Navigation Manual – Part-I, ICAO, 2007

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka

Aircraft System Engineering and Standards

Sub Code: 17 MAV 151 IA Marks 20
No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Hrs/wk NIL Third Semester 16 weeks
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
The objectives of this course is
• To introduce classical and advanced systems engineering theory that pertain to
creation of multi-disciplinary solutions to complex aircraft systems
• To focus on objectives, principles and practices pertaining to various systems
engineering life cycle processes
• To provide an overview of various development lifecycle aspects pertaining to systems
engineering of aircraft systems, including certification and safety considerations at
hardware and software subsystem levels

Module-I: Avionics System Engineering Development Cycle

Establishing the Avionics System Requirements by Mission Scenario Analysis, Functional Analysis,
Physical Partitioning, Avionics Architectural Design, Specification of HW/ SW of Subsystems,
Development / Procurement of HW/ SW of Subsystems, SW Integration, HW/SW Integration,
Standalone testing of subsystems, Avionics, HIL Simulation, System Integration in Aircraft leading
to Flight Testing and Operational Test followed by SW updates and Avionics Upgrades.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Systems Engineering Management

The Systems Engineering Process - Overview, Requirements Analysis, Functional Analysis and
Allocation, Design Synthesis, Verification, Systems Engineering Process Outputs
System Analysis and Control - Work Breakdown Structure, Configuration Management, Technical
Reviews and Audits, Trade Studies, Modeling and Simulation, Metrics, Risk Management,
Planning, Organizing, And Managing - Systems Engineering Planning, Product Improvement
Strategies, Organizing and Integrating, System Development, Contractual Considerations,
Management Considerations
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-III: Certification of Avionics Systems and Design Assurance Guidance for HW
Certification, Civil Aviation Authorities, Regulatory and Advisory Agencies, Regulation, Advisory
Circular, Order, MOPS, TSO, Type Certification, Supplementary Type Certification, Certification
Process, Delegation, Product Certification Process Roadmap. System Aspects of Hardware Design
Assurance, Hardware Design Life Cycle, Planning Process, Hardware Design Processes, Validation
and Verification Process, Configuration Management Process, Process Assurance, Certification
Liaison Process, Hardware Design Life Cycle Data
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-IV: Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification

Essentials of Airborne SW Development, Typical Design Approach for SW: Process Models,
Analysis Models, Architectures and CASE Tools, DOD-Std-2167, Formal methods – An overview.

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka
DO-178B: System Aspects Relating To Software Development, Software Life Cycle, Software
Planning Process, Software Development Processes, Software Verification Process, Software
Configuration Management Process, Software Quality Assurance Process, Certification Liaison
Process,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Certification Considerations for Highly-Integrated/Complex Aircraft

Systems (SAE ARP4754)
System Development Process Guidelines and Methods, Development Assurance and Safety
Directed Development Concept, Certification Process and Coordination, Requirement
Determination and Assignment of Development Assurance Level, Safety Assessment Process,
Validation of Requirements, Implementation Verification, Configuration Management, Process
Assurance.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: After completing the course, the students will be able…
• To Remember systems engineering fundamental principles, life cycle processes
• To Understand certification aspects pertaining to aircraft systems
• To Apply systems thinking in a moderately complex case study
• To Analyze applicability of specific design assurance levels for hardware & software
subsystems and associated lifecycle elements
• To Create a basic systems engineering management plan for an aircraft system,
covering various lifecycle aspects

Text Books:

1. Systems Engineering and Analysis (5th Edition). by Benjamin S. Blanchard , Wolter J.

Fabrycky. 2010 Prentice Hall. ISBN-10: 013221735X, ISBN-13: 978-0132217354
2. Systems Engineering Principles and Practice, Alexander Kossiakoff, William N. Sweet et al.
2011 | ISBN-10: 0470405481 | ISBN-13: 978-0470405482 | Edition: 2

References
1. ISO/IEC 15288 Systems and software engineering — System life cycle processes, 2008
2. International Council On Systems Engineering (INCOSE) – Systems Engineering Handbook –
A Guide For System Life Cycle Processes & Activities, V 3.2.1, Jan 2011
3. Guide to the Systems Engineering Body of Knowledge – SEBOK - http://www.sebokwiki.org/
4. RTCA DO-178B/EUROCAE ED-12B, Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and
Equipment Certification, RTCA Inc.,Washington, D.C, 1992.
5. DO-254/EUROCAE ED-80, Design Assurance Guidance For Airborne Electronic Hardware,
RTCA Inc.,Washington, D.C, April 19, 2000
6. ARP4754A, Guidelines for Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems, 2010
7. ARP4761, Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil
Aircraft Airborne Systems and Equipment, Warrendale, PA, 1996.
8. SysML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Systems Modeling Language. Lenny Delligatti. Addison-
Wesley Professional; 1 edition-2013. ISBN-10: 0321927869, ISBN-13: 978-0321927866

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Machine Learning Systems
Sub Code: 17 MAV 152 IA Marks 20
No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Third
… 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To understand the basic concepts of learning and decision trees.
• To understand the neural networks and genetic algorithms
• To understand the Bayesian techniques
• To understand the instant based learning
• To understand the analytical learning and reinforced learning

Syllabus is same as that of 14SCS41 ( for Ref)

MODULE I: INTRODUCTION, CONCEPT LEARNING AND DECISION TREES
Learning Problems – Designing Learning systems, Perspectives and Issues – Concept
Learning – Version Spaces and Candidate Elimination Algorithm – Inductive bias –
Decision Tree learning – Representation – Algorithm – Heuristic Space Search.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE II: NEURAL NETWORKS AND GENETIC ALGORITHMS

Neural Network Representation – Problems – Perceptrons – Multilayer Networks and Back
Propagation Algorithms – Advanced Topics – Genetic Algorithms – Hypothesis Space
Search – Genetic Programming – Models of Evolution and Learning.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE III: BAYESIAN AND COMPUTATIONAL LEARNING

Bayes Theorem – Concept Learning – Maximum Likelihood – Minimum Description Length
Principle – Bayes Optimal Classifier – Gibbs Algorithm – Naïve Bayes Classifier – Bayesian
Belief Network – EM Algorithm – Probably Learning – Sample Complexity for Finite and
Infinite Hypothesis Spaces – Mistake Bound Model.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE IV: INSTANT BASED LEARNING AND LEARNING SET OF RULES

K- Nearest Neighbor Learning – Locally Weighted Regression – Radial Basis Functions –
Case Based Reasoning – Sequential Covering Algorithms – Learning Rule Sets – Learning
First Order Rules – Learning Sets of First Order Rules – Induction as Inverted Deduction
– Inverting Resolution

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Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE V: ANALYTICAL LEARNING AND REINFORCED LEARNING

Perfect Domain Theories – Explanation Based Learning – Inductive-Analytical Approaches
- FOCL Algorithm – Reinforcement Learning – Task – Q-Learning – Temporal Difference
Learning
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To Choose the learning techniques with this basic knowledge.
• To Apply effectively neural networks and genetic algorithms for
appropriate applications.
• To Apply bayesian techniques and derive effectively learning rules.
• To Choose and differentiate reinforcement and analytical learning
techniques

TEXT BOOK:
1. Tom M. Mitchell, “Machine Learning”, McGraw-Hill Education (Indian Edition), 2013.
ISBN-10: 0070428077 .

REFERENCES:
2. Ethem Alpaydin, “Introduction to Machine Learning”, 2nd Ed., PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.,
2013.
3. T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, J. H. Friedman, “The Elements of Statistical Learning”,
Springer; 1st edition, 2001.

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Artificial Intelligence and Agent Technology

Sub Code: 17 MAV 153 IA Marks 20
No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
….. 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To Apply a given AI technique to a given concrete problems
• To Implement non-trivial AI techniques in a relatively large systems
• To understand uncertainty and Problem solving techniques
• To understand different logical systems for inference over formal
domain representations

The course is similar to 14SCS24 of CSE

MODULE I
What is Artificial Intelligence: The AI Problems, The Underlying assumption, What is an
AI Technique?, The Level of the model, Criteria for success, some general references,
One final word and beyond.
Problems, problem spaces, and search: Defining, the problem as a state space search,
Production systems, Problem characteristics, Production system characteristics, Issues in
the design of search programs, Additional Problems.
Intelligent Agents: Agents and Environments, The nature of environments, The structure
of agents.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE II
Heuristic search techniques: Generate-and-test, Hill climbing, Best-first search, Problem
reduction, Constraint satisfaction, Mean-ends analysis.
Knowledge representation issues: Representations and mappings, Approaches to
knowledge representation, Issues in knowledge representation, The frame problem.
Using predicate logic: Representing simple facts in logic, representing instance and ISA
relationships, Computable functions and predicates, Resolution, Natural Deduction.
Logical Agents: Knowledge –based agents, the Wumpus world, Logic-Propositional logic,
Propositional theorem proving, Effective propositional model checking, Agents based on
propositional logic.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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MODULE III
Symbolic Reasoning Under Uncertainty: Introduction to non-monotonic reasoning, Logic
for non-monotonic reasoning, Implementation Issues, Augmenting a problem-solver,
Implementation: Depth-first search, Implementation: Breadth-first search.
Statistical Reasoning: Probability and bayes Theorem, Certainty factors and rule-based
systems, Bayesian Networks, Dempster-Shafer Theory, Fuzzy logic.
Quantifying Uncertainty: Acting under uncertainty, Basic probability notation, Inference
using full joint distributions, Independence, Bayes’ rule and its use, The Wumpus world
revisited.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE IV
Weak Slot-and-filter structures: Semantic Nets, Frames.
Strong slot-and –filler structures: Conceptual dependency, scripts, CYC.
Adversarial Search: Games, Optimal Decision in Games, Alpha-Beta Pruning, Imperfect
Real-Time Decisions, Stochastic Games, Partially Observable Games, State-Of-The-Art
Game Programs, Alternative Approaches, Summary
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

MODULE V
Learning From examples: Forms of learning, Supervised learning, Learning decision trees,
Evaluating and choosing the best hypothesis, The theory of learning ,PAC, Regression
and Classification with linear models, Nonparametric models, Support vector machines,
Ensemble learning.
Learning Probabilistic Models: Statistical learning, learning with complete data, learning
with hidden variables: The EM algorithm
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To Design intelligent agents for problem solving, reasoning,
planning, decision making, and learning.
• Apply AI technique on current applications.
• Problem solving, knowledge representation, reasoning, and learning

Text Books.
1. Elaine Rich, Kevin Knight, Shivashanka B Nair., ‘Artificial Intelligence, Tata
McGraw Hill 3rd edition. 2013, ISBN-13: 9780070087705
2. Stuart Russel, Peter Norvig: Artificial Intelligence A Modern Approach,
Pearson 3rd edition 2013.
Reference Books:
1. Nils J. Nilsson: “Principles of Artificial Intelligence”, Elsevier, ISBN-13:
9780934613101

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Karnataka

Cloud Computing
Sub Code: 17 MAV 154 IA Marks 20
No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
… 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To enable student to Define Cloud, models and Services.
• To Compare and contrast programming for cloud and their
applications
• To Explain virtualization, Task Scheduling algorithms.
• To Apply Zookeeper, Map-Reduce concept to applications.

The course is similar to 16 SSE 254 (For Ref)

Module - I: Introduction, Cloud Infrastructure:
Cloud computing, Cloud computing delivery models and services, Ethical issues, Cloud
vulnerabilities, Cloud computing the Google perspective, Microsoft Windows Azure and
online services, Open-source software platforms for private clouds, Cloud storage
diversity and vendor lock-in, Energy use and ecological impact, Service level agreements,
User experience and software licensing. Exercises and problems
Teaching Hours:10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-II: Application Paradigms.:
Challenges of cloud computing, Architectural styles of cloud computing, Workflows:
Coordination of multiple activities, Coordination based on a state machine model: The
Zookeeper, The Map Reduce programming model, A case study on application, Cloud for
aerospace engineering, High-performance computing on a cloud
Teaching Hours:10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module –III: Cloud Resource Virtualization:
Virtualization, Layering and virtualization, Virtual machine monitors, Virtual Machines,
Performance and Security Isolation, Full virtualization and Para virtualization, Hardware
support for virtualization, Case Study on VMM based Para virtualization, Optimization of
network virtualization, Performance comparison of virtual machines, The dark side of
virtualization, Exercises and problems
Teaching Hours:10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module – IV: Cloud Resource Management and Scheduling:

Policies and mechanisms for resource management, Application of control theory to task
scheduling on a cloud, Stability of a two-level resource allocation architecture, Feedback
control based on dynamic thresholds, Coordination of specialized autonomic performance
managers, A utility based model for cloud-based Web services, Resourcing bundling:
Combinatorial auctions for cloud resources, Scheduling algorithms for computing clouds,
Fair queuing, Start-time fair queuing, Borrowed virtual time, Cloud scheduling
Teaching Hours:10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3
Module-V: Cloud Security, Cloud Application Development:
Cloud security risks, Security: The top concern for cloud users, Privacy and privacy impact
assessment, Trust, Operating system security, Virtual machine Security, Security of
virtualization, Security risks posed by OS and others, A cloud service for adaptive data
streaming, Cloud based optimal FPGA synthesis. Exercises and problems
Teaching Hours:10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To Compare the strengths and limitations of cloud computing
• To Identify the architecture, infrastructure and delivery models of
cloud computing
• To apply suitable virtualization concept and Choose the appropriate
cloud player
• To address the core issues of cloud computing such as security,
privacy and interoperability

Text Books:
1. Dan C Marinescu: Cloud Computing Theory and Practice. Elsevier(MK) 2013. ISBN 10:
0124046274

Reference Books:

1. Rajkumar Buyya , James Broberg, Andrzej Goscinski: Cloud Computing Principles and
Paradigms, Willey 2014.
2. John W Rittinghouse, James F Ransome:Cloud Computing Implementation,
Management
and Security, CRC Press 2013.

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Avionics Lab-I
Sub Code: 17 MAV 16 IA Marks 20
No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Third
04 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 02
Course Objectives:
• To familiarize with Avionics test facilities
• To familiarize with signal waveforms, Various modulation techniques,
avionics networks and generate message structures in simulation
environment
• To analyze time response data of test and output signals

LABORATORY WORK:

01. To simulate signal waveforms for digital modulation techniques like Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and other methods.
02. To simulate waveforms for wireless interconnect systems interfacing with
Communication Management Unit (CMU) as per standards like Arinc 758 etc.
03. To develop message structure elements for Future Air Navigation Systems (FANS)
Datalink
04. To plot Radiation Patterns for typical airborne antennae
05. To simulate electrical and logical layers and generation of message structure for
of Aircraft digital interfaces like Arinc 429 and Mil Std 1553
06. To generate display widgets using Open GL tools and techniques.

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Note: The above activities could be simulated on PC Desk top environment using
simulation tools like MATLAB, and other open source tools.

Course Outcomes:
• To model and demonstrate various types of modulation signals and data bus
bit streams & message strutures
• To determine and analyze ARP
• To generate cockpit display widgets using A661 tool set

References:

1. Alfred Helfrick, Principles of Avionics, Leesburg, VA: Avionics Communications,

2002.
2. Len Buckwalter., ‘Avionics Databuses’, published by Avionics Communications,
2008
3. User Manual on MATLAB
4. Arinc standards A429, A661 and A758,
5. Mil Standard 1553 B
6. User Manual on Microsoft Flight Simulator / Flight Gear

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Aircraft Surveillance Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 24 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand working principles of Weather Radar
• To understand working principle and functional blocks of TCAS
• To understand and analyze Terrain Warning systems

Module-I: Principles of Weather Radar

Introduction to Radar Systems ; Classes of Radar – Surveillance, Tracking and Weather

Radar; Radar Range Equation, Radar Cross Section. Airborne Pulse Doppler Radar,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Design of Weather Radar

Radar Subsystem Design – Transmitter, Receiver, Duplexer, Antenna, Data and Signal
Processing and Displays. Airborne Weather Radar System Design,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –III: Weather Radar Signal Processing & Antennae

Signal Processing for detection of Precipitation, Turbulence and Wind shear, Advances in
Radar Systems,- Active and Phased Array Antennae.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –IV: Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System

Fundamentals of Terrain Avoidance Warning, Various Operating Modes – Normal and
Enhanced modes, Runway Alert Awareness Systems, EGPWS Standards
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-V: Collision Avoidance Systems

TCAS Architecture, Various Surveillance functions, Traffic and Resolution Advisories,
Modes of Operation, Automatic Collision Avoidance Logic, Cockpit Presentation, Combined
Traffic and Resolution Advisory Displays, Integration of ADS-B with Collision avoidance
System. Aircraft Environment Surveillance Systems

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze and compare performance specifications of Weather
radars
• To undertake system integration of various surveillance sub systems
• To analyze and formulate terrain data base for implementations in
TAWS

Text Books:
1. M. I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar Systems, McGraw Hill Kogakusha Ltd, ISBN 0 -
07-057909-1
2. Pravas R. Mahapatra, Aviation Weather Surveillance Systems: Advanced Radar and
Surface Sensors for Flight Safety and Air Traffic Management, Progress in
Astronautics and Aeronautics Series Published by AIAA, 1999, ISBN: 1-56347-340-2
References:
1. Berry C Breen., Terrian Awareness, in Digital Avionics Handbook, CRC Press, 2007,
ISBN: 0-8493-8438-9
2. Berry C Breen., Enhanced Situational Awareness, in The Avionics Handbook, CRC Press,
2001
3. Steve Henely, TCAS II, in The Avionics Handbook, CRC Press, 2001

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Embedded Computing Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 251 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To understand System composition and architecture of Embedded
systems
• To understand communication protocols, interrupts and direct
memory access
• To understand modelling of state machine & multiprocessors
• To understand RTOS environment
The syllabus is similar to 14 SCS 153 (For Ref)

Module-I: Introduction to Embedded Systems

Embedded Systems; Processor embedded into a system; Embedded Hardware units and
devices in a system; Embedded Software in a system; Example of embedded systems;
Embedded System – on – Chip (SoC) and use of VLSI circuit technology; Complex
Systems Design and processors; Design process in embedded system. Formalization of
System design; Desing Process and Design examples; Classification of embedded
systems; Skills required for an embedded system designer

I/O types and examples; Serial communication devices; parallel device ports;
Sophisticated interfacing features in device ports. Wireless devices; Timers and counting
devices; Watchdog timer; Real time clock
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Communication Buses & Device Networks

Networked embedded systems; Serial bus communication protocols; parallel bus device
protocols; Internet enabled systems; Wireless and mobile system protocols
Device access without interrupts; ISR concept; Interrupt sources; Interrupt servicing
Mechanism; Multiple Interrupts; Context and the periods for context switching, interrupt
latency and deadline; Classification of processors interrupt service mechanism from
context- saving angle; Direct memory access; Device drivers programming
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Program Modeling Concepts, Processes, Threads and Tasks

Program models; DFG models; State machine programming models for event controlled
program flow; Modeling of multiprocessor systems

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Multiple processes in an application; Multiple threads in an application; Tasks task states;
Task and data; Distinctions between functions, ISRs and Tasks
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-IV: Real-Time Operating Systems

Operating System Services, Program Management; Timer functions; Event functions;

Memory management; Device., file and I/O sub systems management; Interrupt routines
in RTOS environment and handling of interrupt source calls.

Real-Time Operating Systems: Basic Design using RTOS; RTOS task scheduling models,
interrupt latency and response times of the tasks as performance metrics; OS Security
Issues
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Embedded Software Development Tools:

Introduction; Host and Target machines; Linking and locating software; Getting
embedded software into the target system; Issues in Hardware-Software design and co-
design; Testing on host machine; Simulators; Laboratory Tools
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze embedded system architecture and to develop I/O SW
• To analyze RTOS scheduling models and OS security issues
• To identify test requirements for SW on host machine

Text Books:

1. Rajkamal: Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, 2nd Edition,

Tata McGraw Hill, 2008
2. Tammy Noergaard: Embedded Systems Architecture , Elsevier, 2005

Reference Books:
1. Wayne Wolf: Computers as components, Principles of Embedded Computer
System Design, Elsevier, 2005
2. Steve Heath: Embedded Sysrems Design, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, 2003
3. Dr. KVKK Prasad: Embedded / Real-Time Systems: Concepts, Design and
Programming – The Ultimate Reference, Dreamtech. Press, 2004

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Big Data

Sub Code: 17 MAV 252 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
….. 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives: This course will enable students to
• Define big data for business intelligence
• Analyze business case studies for big data analytics
• Explain managing of Big data Without SQL
• Develop map-reduce analytics using Hadoop and related tools

The syllabus is similar to 16 SSE 422 (For Ref)

Module-I: Introduction to Big Data

What is big data – why big data, Data Storage and Analysis, Comparison with Other
Systems, Rational Database Management System, Grid and Volunteer Computing,
convergence of key trends, Big data and algorithmic trading, introduction to Hadoop –
open source technologies – cloud and big data – inter and trans firewall analytics.

Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: NOSQL Data Management:

Introduction to NoSQL – aggregate data models – aggregates – key-value and document
data models – relationships – graph databases – schema less databases – materialized
views – distribution models – shading –– version – map reduce – partitioning and
combining – composing map-reduce calculations.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Basics of Hadoop

Data format – analyzing data with Hadoop – scaling out – Hadoop streaming – Hadoop
pipes – design of Hadoop distributed file system (HDFS) – HDFS concepts – Java interface
– data flow – Hadoop I/O – data integrity – compression – serialization – Avro – file-
based data structures.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-IV: MapReduce Applications

MapReduce workflows – unit tests with MRUnit – test data and local tests – anatomy of
MapReduce job run – classic Map-reduce – YARN – failures in classic Map-reduce and
YARN – job scheduling – shuffle and sort – task execution – MapReduce types – input
formats – output formats
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Hadoop Related Tools

Hbase – data model and implementations – Hbase clients – Hbase examples –praxis.
Cassandra – Cassandra data model – Cassandra examples – Cassandra clients –Hadoop
integration. Pig – Grunt – pig data model – Pig Latin – developing and testing Pig Latin
scripts. Hive – data types and file formats – HiveQL data definition – HiveQL data
manipulation – HiveQL queries
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: Ability to

• Describe big data and use cases from selected business domains
• Explain NoSQL big data management
• Install, configure, and run Hadoop and HDFS
• Perform map-reduce analytics using Hadoop using several tools

Text Books:

1. Tom White, "Hadoop: The Definitive Guide", Third Edition, O'Reilley, 2012. ISBN: 978-
1-449-31152-0.
2. Eric Sammer, "Hadoop Operations", O'Reilley, 2012.

Reference Books:

1. Vignesh Prajapati, Big data analytics with R and Hadoop, SPD 2013.
2. E. Capriolo, D. Wampler, and J. Rutherglen, "Programming Hive", O'Reilley, 2012.
3. Lars George, "HBase: The Definitive Guide", O'Reilley, 2011.
4. Alan Gates, "Programming Pig", O'Reilley, 2011

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Sub Code: 17 MAV 253 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives: This course will enable students to
• To introduce basic concepts of UAV and the basics of airframe
• To identify and understand payloads involving various avionics systems
• To know various communication systems, controls and design considerations.
• To study path planning, Micro Aerial Vehicles and UAV certification standards.

Module-I: Introduction
History of UAV, Classes and Missions of UAVs, basic terminology, Overview of UAV
systems, Ground Support Equipment, models and prototypes –applications
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Basics of Airframe

Airframe – Dynamics – Modeling- Structures –Wing design- Propulsion - Range and
Endurance performance, Control with Autopilots, Overall modes of operation

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Payloads

Reconnaissance / Surveillance payloads – Imaging sensors, Search Process, Synthetic

Aperture Radar-Meteorological Sensors, Pseudo – Satellites

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-IV: Data Links

Data-Link Functions and Attributes-Worldwide availability-Security-Data-Rates and
restrictions—Data-Link Margin-Transmitter Power-Antenna Gain-Processing Gain-Data-
Link Signal to Noise Budget
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Mission Planning and Control

Overview-MPCS Architecture-Physical Configuration-Planning and Navigation-MPCS

interfaces
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: Ability to

• Explain the concepts of UAVs and various associated avionics sub-
systems
• Analyze and identify the high performance communication system
requirements
• Analyze flight path planning and navigation concepts for UAVs

Text Books:

1. Paul Gerin Fahlstrom and Thomas James Gleason., ‘ Introduction to UAV Systems’,
Fourth edition, Wiley India, 2016
2. Armand J. Chaput, ―Design of Unmanned Air Vehicle Systemsǁ, Lockheed Martin
Aeronautics Company, 2001

References:

1. Jane‘s Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Targets, Jane‘s Information Group; ASIN:
0710612575, 1999
2. R. Said and H. Chayeb, ―Power supply system for UAVǁ, KTH, 2002.
3. Robert C. Nelson, Flight Stability and Automatic Control, McGraw-Hill, Inc, 1998

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Flight Data Sciences

Sub Code: 17 MAV 254 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
3 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To introduce students to the rapidly growing field and equip them
with basic principles and tools
• To learn concepts and techniques as the students need to deal with
various facets of data science practice
• To explain methods on data collection, integration, exploratory data
analysis, predictive modeling
• To understand the data chains involved in Global Aeronautical Data
Systems

Module-I: Introduction

Overview of Data Science, Current landscape and perspectives Skill sets, Statistical
Modeling, Intro to R, Overview of Flight & Aeronautical data
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Data Learning Algorithms

Linear Regression, k-Nearest Neighbors and k-Means, Methods for Filtering Spam, Naïve
Bayes Method for filtering, Data Wrangling.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –III: Feature Generation and Selection

Extracting Motivating Application from Data, Role of Domain Expertize in Feature

Generation, Feature Selection Algorithms – Filters, Wrappers and Decision Trees and
Random Forests,
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-IV: Recommendation Systems and Visualization

Algorithmic Ingredients, Dimensionality reduction, Singular value decomposition, Principal

Component Analysis, Basic principles, ideas and tools for of data visualization
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Managing Aeronautical Data

Aeronautical Information Services (AIS), AIS to AIM and System Wide Information
Management (SWIM), Aeronautical standards on data-DO-200B and DO-276 of RTCA.
Advice Circular AC-20-153B of FAA
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: Ability to

• To acquire skill sets needed to be a practitioner in the field of Data
Science
• To apply appropriate methods for analyzing Aeronautical Data
chains
• To identify suitable set of tools and techniques for analyzing the Data

Text Books:

3. Cathy O’Neil and Rachel Schutt., ‘Doing Data Science, Straight Talk from the
Frontline’, O’Reilly Media 2014.
4. Jure Leskovek, etal., ‘Mining of Massive Datasets’, v2.1, Cambridge University
Press. 2014

References:

4. Michael Burski., ‘Global Information Management- RTCA overview’, presented in

ATC Global Conference at Beijing, Sept 2016
5. AC-20-153 B on Acceptance of Aeronautical Data, FAA, April 2016
6. Philippe MERLO., ‘Managing Aeronautical Data’, presented in ATC Global
Conference at Beijing, Sept 2016

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Avionics Lab-II

Sub Code: 17 MAV 26 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Fourth
04 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 02
Course Objectives:
• To familiarize with responses of actuation systems and filters in time
and frequency domain
• To demonstrate closed loop performance of actuation systems
• To analyze time response data of test output signals

LABORATORY WORK:

01 Generation of time responses using simplified linearized models for lateral dynamics of
aircraft
02 Generation of time responses using simplified linearized models for longitudinal
dynamics of aircraft
03 Generation of frequency response plots like Bode plots and Nichol charts for typical
linear models including aircraft actuation systems used in AFCS and FMS
04 Generation of FFT for typical time response parameters
05 Generation of Navigational parameters using simulated Radio Nav Aid signals.
06 To simulate GPS Navigation computations for parameters relating to PVT
Note: The above activities could be simulated on PC Desk top environment using simulation
tools like MATLAB and other similar tools.

Course Outcomes:
• To model and demonstrate response of actuation systems and filters
• To build virtual guidance cues in PFD etc
• To understand determining nav position from GPS data

References:

References:
1. Brian LS and Frank LL., ‘ Aircraft Control and Simulation’, Wiley India, 2910
2. Myron K and Walter RF., Avionics Navigation Systems’, Wiley India2010
3. User Manual on MATLAB
4. User Manual on Microsoft Flight Simulator / Flight Gear

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Aircraft Propulsion, Utility Systems & Diagnostics

Sub Code: 17 MAV 41 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment,
… First Semester 16 weeks
Hrs/wk
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand propulsion principles
• To understand operation of sub systems of jet engine
• To understand principle of Cabin pressurization e aircraft utility
systems
• To identify Engine condition monitoring requirements
• To understand principles of utility system operations

Module-I: Gas Turbine engine - Overview

Engine Theory, Classification of Propulsion System, Gas Turbine engine
components and sub systems, Aircraft Fuel System and Engine Control system
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Gas Turbine Engine-Sub Systems

Compressors, Combustion chambers, Turbine & Exhaust Systems, Engine
Starting and Ignition system
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Utility Systems

Aircraft Utility systems and Health Monitoring systems, Aircraft Electrical
Systems, Aircraft Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems, Aircraft Landing Gear
Systems
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –IV: Cabin Pressure Control

Aircraft Cabin Control System, Environmental Control System
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module-V: Monitoring and Maintenance

Aircraft and Engine condition monitoring, Aircraft Airworthiness Inspection and
Maintenance
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes: After completing the course, the students will be able…
• To understand jet engine operation principles
• To Understand engine control system
• To analyze combustion principles of jet engine
• To understand operation of various aircraft utility systems
• To understand and identify health monitoring and maintenance requirements of
engine and various utility systems

Text Books:
1. The Jet Engine, 5th Edition, Rolls Royce, Wiley, June 2015, ISBN: 978-1-
119-06599-9.
2. Irwin E. Treager, Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine Technology, Third Edition
1997,Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited
References:
3. Jeppesen, A&P Technician Airframe, Textbook

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
Karnataka

Fault Tolerant Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 421 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment,
… First Semester 16 weeks
Hrs/wk
Credits: 04
Course Objectives:
• To understand and analyze system safety requirements
• To understand and analyze methods for redundancy
• To explain Built In Test and Vehicle health monitoring
• To understand methods for development of fault tolerant SW

Module-I: Fault Tolerance & Health Monitoring-Introduction

Defining System Flight Safety, Dependability and Attributes, Classification of

Faults and their Categorization; System Health Status– Representation;
Design for Dependability: Approach, Options, Design Elements and
philosophies on Fault Tolerance. Evolution of BITE, BIT and Centralized Fault
Display Systems in aircraft; Overview of Central Maintenance Computing
Systems, Aircraft Condition Monitoring Functions; Overview of Prognostics,
Physics of Failure based Modeling, Vehicle Health Management (VHM) and
Integrated VHM
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Failure rates, Reliability & Availability

Defining Failure Rates and prediction using Part Count method and in service
data, Accelerated Stress Test, Determining Reliability and availability using
conventional methods and Semi Markov Chains.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Mechanisms & Techniques

Fault Tolerance for Dependability of System, Fault Tolerant Mechanisms,
Design Paradigms, Various Redundancy mechanisms including TMR, Dual-
Dualetc. Types of Voting methods, Error Detection and Correction Techniques;
MAFT, SAFEbus

Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-IV: IHRS, Safety Regulations and Requirements

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Top level Safety requirements of FAR 25.1309 and FAA Advisory Circular
AC.1309, Objectives and Design Principles, Acceptable Techniques for
Compliance with examples, Step by Step Guidance for Compliance, Severities
of Failure Conditions, Comparison with JAR.25 and Mil.Std 882, Safety of
Precedence (SOP) for Airspace by FAA. Defining Hazard, Hazard Analysis;
Overview of Integrated System Hazard Analysis, Adverse Event Scenarios and
Adverse Event modeling of FAA and typical examples
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-V: Software Fault Tolerance

Problem of Software Faults and Application of Fault Tolerance, Types of
Software Fault Tolerance, Fault Tolerance of Single Version Programming
including SW Structure Architectural aspects, Error Detection and recovery
techniques; Fault Tolerance of N version Programming including Design
Diversity, Recovery Blocks, NSCP etc.,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze system safety requirements and evolve Fault tolerant
architectures
• To analyze message formats and data records of various Flight Data
Recorders…
• To build adverse event models and evolve effective controls
• To apply Markov modeling for prediction of reliability and availability

Text Books:
1. Ellis F Hitt, Dennis Mulcare, ‘Fault Tolerant Avionics’, in Avionics Handbook, CRC
press, 2007
2. Parad K Lala.,’Fault Tolerant and Fault Testable Hardware Design’, BS
Publications, 2014.

References:

1. Wilfredo Torres-Pomales, Software Fault Tolerance – A Tutorial, NASA/ TM

2000-210616, 2000
2. FAA System Safety Handbook, December 30, 2000
3. T. Anderson and P. A. Lee, Fault Tolerance: Principles and Practice, ISBN
0-13-308254-7, 2003;

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Mission Avionics

Sub Code: 17 MAV 422 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 42 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Sixth
… 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To understand and analyze IR based systems for airborne
applications
• To understand Laser and LIDAR based airborne systems
• To understand and analyze various guidance systems towards targets
• To analyze imaging techniques using SAR

Module-I: Infrared System Fundamentals

Thermal Radiation Laws. Radiometric terminology and computation. Infrared (IR) spectral
and atmospheric transmission. IR detectors and characteristics. Charged-Coupled
Devices (CCD) and Focal Plane Arrays (FPA), IR Search, Detection and Track Systems –
analysis and description. Signal Processing aspects.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module II: IR detection and Imaging

IR Detection – Analysis and description, Signal Processing aspects, IR Line Scanner (IRLS)
and Forward Looking IR (FLIR) imaging systems, Image quality and resolution
requirements
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module III: Laser Systems

Types of Lasers , Characteristics , elements of Laser source and operation. Laser Range
Finder (LRF) and Laser Designator (LD) Systems, High Power lasers and applications,
LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) systems and Applications
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module IV: Target Acquisition, Tracking and Guidance Systems

Active and Semi-active guidance of weapons. Target Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing
(ATP) and sight-line steering and stabilization concepts, Warning Systems.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Module V: Advanced Radar Systems

Overview of Advanced Radar Systems, Principle of Synthetic Aperture Radar, Range and
Azimuth Resolution, Signal Processing Chain of SAR, Inverse SAR and typical applications
of SAR.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To apply IR principles for target detection and tracking
• To analyze performance of Synthetic Aperture Radars for imaging
applications
• To analyze Laser based systems for airborne applications

Text Books:
1. Richard D Hudson. Jr, ’Infrared System Engineering’, John Wiley & sons, New
York 2006, ISBN: 978-0-470-09935-3
2. Ian Moir and Allan Seabridge, ‘Military Avionics Systems’, John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
2006

References:

1. Merril I Skolnik., ‘Radar Handbook’, McGraw Hill, 1990, ISBN 0-07-057913-X

2. Infrared Technology Fundamentals , second edition, Monroe Schlesinger. Marcel
Dekker, Inc. N.Y.
3. Stephen B. Campana., ‘The Infrared & Electro-optical Handbook – Vol 5 & 6’, SPIE
Optical Engineering press.
4. Eugene Hecht., ’Optics, Pearson Education, 2008, ISBN-10: 8131718077
5. A.R. Jha., Infrared Technology., Applications to Electrooptics, Photonics Devices,
and Sensors. John Wiley & Sons, INC.

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 Visvesvaraya Technological University- Belgaum,
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Flight Testing of Avionics Systems

Sub Code: 17 MAV 423 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Sixth
… 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To understand testing of various RF avionics systems in flight
• To understand instrumentation and telemetry requirements
• To understand various data recording methods for analysis and
investigation
• To understand methods for test data analysis
Module-I: Flight Test – Instrumentation and Telemetry

Introduction, Methodology, Purpose and Scope of Flight Testing, Planning and

Procedures, Instrumentation, Telemetry – Transmit and Receive Systems, Antenna Sub
Systems, Link Analysis, System Sensitivity, Dynamic Range,
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-II: Test Data Analysis

Flight Test data generation, Certification Standards and Regulations, Flight Test Data
analysis- Data Scatter and Errors, Correlation Functions and LSE methods. Confidence
Interval estimation- Normal Standard variate and Student Test analysis methods
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module-III: Flight Data Recorders:

Incident Analysis-Process, Critical Flight parameters for recording and incident
investigations, Flight Data Recorders, CDR, DFDR and CVR, Crash worthiness
Requirements, Trends towards Video, DLC and Combined Recorders
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module IV: Flight Testing of Airdata Systems

Position and Instrument Errors and their characterization, Pacer Aircraft method, Trailing
Cone Method, Ground Course Method, Tower Fly By Method, GPS methods.
Teaching hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module V: Flight Testing of Radio and Navigation Systems

Flight Test Approach for Radio Navigation Systems and Communication Systems, Antenna
Radiation Pattern measurement, Flight Testing of Marker Beacon, ADF, VOR and DME.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze errors in flight test data and to estimate confidence
intervals
• To analyze test data and message frames various FDR systems
• To calibrate airdata systems and to evaluate avionics navigation
systems

Text Books:
3. Ralph D Kimberlin, Flight Testing of Fixed Wing Aircraft, AIAA Education Series,
2003, ISBN: 978-1-56347-564-1 .
4. Harry L Stilz., ‘ Aerospace Telemetry’, Vol I to IV, Prentice Hall Space technology
series.
References:
1. Flight Test Instrumentation and Methods, FTI-RTO-AG-160-V21-02, 2008
2. Flight Test Guide for certification - Advisory Circular - Part-23, FAA, 2011
3. Stoliker, F. (2005). “Introduction to Flight Test Engineering”. NATO Research and
Technology Organisation (RTO) – Systems Concepts and Integration Panel (SCI).
Flight Test Techniques Series, AGARDograph (AG-300), Volume 14
4. Federal Register-12542-CVR and FDR, 2008

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Fuzzy Logic and Neural Networks

Sub Code: 17 MAV 424 IA Marks 20

No. of Lecture Hours /week 04 Exam Hours 03
Total No of Lecture Hours 50 Exam Marks 80
Practical work/Assignment, Sixth
… 16 weeks
Hrs/wk Semester
Credits: 03
Course Objectives:
• To understand basics of Neural Networks and Fuzzy sets
• To understand single and multilayer feed forward networks
• To familiarize with various application methods

Module –I: Introduction to Neural Networks

Introduction, Biological and Artificial Neuron Models, Characteristics of ANN, McCulloch-Pitts
Model, Historical Developments, Artificial Neuron Model, Types of ANN Architectures,
Classification Taxonomy of ANN – Connectivity, Neural Dynamics - Activation and Synaptic.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module –II: Fuzzy Sets & Logic

Introduction to classical sets - properties, Operations and relations; Fuzzy sets, Membership,
Uncertainty, Operations, properties, fuzzy relations, cardinalities, membership functions.
Fuzzification, Membership value assignment, development of rule base and decision making
system, Defuzzification to crisp sets, Defuzzification methods.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module -III: Single Layer Feed Forward Neural Networks

Introduction, Perceptron Models: Discrete, Continuous and Multi-Category, Training Algorithms:
Discrete and Continuous Perceptron Networks, Perceptron Convergence theorem, Limitations of
the Perceptron Model, Applications.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Module -IV: Multilayer Feed forward Neural Networks and associative memories
Credit Assignment Problem, Generalized Delta Rule, Derivation of Backpropagation (BP) Training,
Summary of Backpropagation Algorithm, Kolmogorov Theorem, Learning Difficulties and
Improvements. Paradigms of Associative Memory, Architecture of Hopfield Network: Discrete
and Continuous versions
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

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Module - V: Applications
Neural network applications: Process identification, control, fault diagnosis and load forecasting.
Fuzzy logic applications: Fuzzy logic control and Fuzzy classification.
Teaching Hours: 10; RBT Levels: L1,L2,L3

Course Outcomes:
• To analyze errors in flight test data and to estimate confidence
intervals
• To analyze test data and message frames various FDR systems
• To calibrate airdata systems and to evaluate avionics navigation
systems

TEXT BOOK:

1. Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic, Genetic algorithms: synthesis and applications by

Rajasekharan and Rai – PHI Publication.
2. Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB 6.0 - S.N.Sivanandam, S.Sumathi,
S.N.Deepa, TMH, 2006

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Neural Networks – James A Freeman and Davis Skapura, Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Neural Networks – Simon Hakins , Pearson Education
3. Neural Engineering by C.Eliasmith and CH.Anderson, PHI
4. Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic System by Bart Kosko, PHI Publications.

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