The Electricity

Wiring Regulations
(Third Edition)

(EN-807)
 The Electricity
Wiring Regulations
(Third Edition)

Issued by:
the Regulation and Supervision Bureau
for the water, wastewater and electricity sector
in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi
www.rsb.gov.ae

March 2014
Foreword
The Regulation and Supervision Bureau (the Bureau) is established
in Abu Dhabi law to oversee the economic and technical activities of
electricity, water and wastewater companies that are licensed to operate
in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

In addition to its duties in respect of licensed companies, the Bureau

has certain responsibilities towards the general public, including the
assurance of safe and efficient electricity supplies to customers and
these Regulations have been produced with this primary aim in mind.

The Regulations promote the installation and operation of safe electricity

wiring systems in premises and are based on the general principles
defined in British Standard BS 7671 (otherwise known as the IET Wiring
Regulations, UK), which are also similar to the International Standard
IEC 60364. Such principles are common practice in Abu Dhabi and were
adopted in previous documents, including the first Wiring Regulations
issued by the old Water and Electricity Department (WED) in 1972.

The Regulations also take account of the physical environment in Abu

Dhabi and the skills and language diversity of the region.

These Regulations were first published in 2007 as the Electricity

Wiring Regulations 2007 and were effective from 1 January 2008.
The Bureau subsequently issued Revision 1 of the Regulations, which
were effective from 1 January 2009. Following feedback from various
parties, the Bureau issued its Third Edition of the Regulations, effective
1 March 2014. The Regulations can be downloaded from the Bureau’s
website, www.rsb.gov.ae.

Nicholas Carter
Director General

1 March 2014

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 3

 Acknowledgements Document numbering
The Bureau gratefully acknowledges the contributions and comments These Regulations use the following numbering system:
provided by the following organisations:
Chapters: are referenced by integers (e.g. 1, 2, 3, etc)
Government organisations: Regulations: are referenced by one full stop between numbers
(e.g. 1.1, 1.2, etc)
Al Ain Distribution Company (AADC)
Abu Dhabi Distribution Company (ADDC) Clauses: are referenced by two full stops between numbers
Abu Dhabi Municipality (ADM) (e.g. 3.1.2, etc)
Abu Dhabi Quality and Conformity Council (QCC) Notes: are indicated below the clause in square brackets and
Abu Dhabi Urban Planning Council (UPC) italic text. For example, [Note: this clause does not apply
Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) to Electrical Installations that have been …]
Al Mirfa Power Company (AMPC)
Amendments: amended text is highlighted by a red margin (as
Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA)
amended in the Third Edition, March 2014)
Dubai Municipality (Central Laboratory)
Emirates Standardization and Metrology Authority (ESMA)
Federal Electricity and Water Authority (FEWA)
Sharjah Electricity and Water Authority (SEWA)
General principles and
Private organisations:
Chapter
safety requirements 3
Anglian Power LTD Regulation 3.1 Technical standards, materials
and workmanship
British Standards Institute 3.1.1 These Regulations provide guidelines and technical

Cundall Johnston and Partners LLP standards which are consistent with the principles contained
in BS 7671:2008 (also known as the IET Wiring Regulations
17th Edition). Where any provision in these Regulations
Electrium LTD contradicts any provision in BS 7671, the requirements,
standards or specifications under these Regulations shall
Hilson Moran Partnership LTD apply.
[Note: these Regulations are in some aspects more prescriptive
Obermeyer Middle East GmbH Note than BS 7671, and take account of the physical environment of
Abu Dhabi Emirate, as well as the typical skills and language
Parsons International LTD diversity in the region.]

Power Economy Middle East LLC 3.1.2 Where a provision or technical requirement is not covered
by these Regulations, BS 7671 may be used as a guideline
or specification, with prior approval from the Distribution
Schneider Electric FZE Company and the Bureau.

Sinyar Property Management LLC Clause 3.1.3 All materials used in Electrical Installations shall be of good
quality and installed in a neat and orderly manner.
WSP Middle East LTD 3.1.4 All materials and equipment shall comply with relevant
international standards which shall be mainly BS (British
Standards) or IEC (International Electrotechnical

In particular, the Bureau wishes to acknowledge permission granted by the Commission) standards, as referenced in these Regulations.
Other international standards may be used, in particular
where none are specified in these Regulations, with the prior
Institute of Engineering Technology and the British Standards Institute approval of the Distribution Company and the Bureau. A
list of BS and IEC standards applying to the main types of
for the use in this document of data and information taken from BS equipment is given in Appendix A3.

7671:2008+A1:2011 (The IET Wiring Regulations, UK). BS 7671:2008 3.1.5 The Distribution Company may issue specifications and
requirements in addition to these Regulations, which will

Incorporating Amendment No 1: 2011 can be purchased in hardcopy Amended text

be endorsed or approved by the Bureau, and provided to
interested parties on request. The Distribution Company
shall ensure that any such specifications or requirements
format only from the IET website http://electrical.theiet.org/ and the BSI (Third Edition) are consistent with these Regulations, unless otherwise
approved by the Bureau.
online shop: http://shop.bsigroup.com.
The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 27

4 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 5
 List of publications Table of contents
Foreword 3
Publication Date Prepared Checked Issued to:
Acknowledgements 4
Number by: by:
Document numbering 5
ED/R01/010 List of publications 6
Dec 2007 T Khan L Hill Publication
Issue 1
1 Introduction 11
ED/R01/010
Jan 2009 T Khan L Hill Publication
Revision 1
1.1 Citation and commencement 11
ED/R01/010 M Yousif 1.2 Purpose and document structure 11
Mar 2014 M Preece Publication
Third Edition C K Lee 1.3 Scope and enforcement 12

2 Definitions 15

2.1 Interpretation 15

3 General principles and safety requirements 27

3.1 Technical standards, materials and

workmanship 27
3.2 Approval of Electrical Installations 28
3.3 Extensions, alterations and repairs 29
3.4 Licensed Contractors 30
3.5 Requirements for safety 30
3.6 Labelling and identification 32
3.7 Environmental conditions 33

4 Electricity parameters and Electricity Intake 35

4.1 Electricity parameters 35

4.2 Electricity Intake 36
4.3 The Connection Point 38
4.4 Multiple occupancy Premises 38
4.5 Metering requirements 38

6 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 7
 5 Protection 39 8 Inspection, testing and certification 81

5.1 General principles 39 8.1 Inspection and testing by the

5.2 Overload and short-circuit protection 39 Licensed Contractor 81
5.3 Electric shock protection 40 8.2 Inspection and testing by the
5.4 Earth Leakage Protected Systems 42 Distribution Company 82
5.5 Earthed Equipotential Bonded Systems 45 8.3 Electrical Installation Certificates 84
5.6 Isolation and switching 47
5.7 Insulation 48 9 Special locations and systems 85

6 Earthing 51 9.1 Separated Extra-Low Voltage 85

9.2 Protective Extra-Low Voltage 86
6.1 General principles 51 9.3 Bathrooms and similar locations 86
6.2 Systems of Earthing 51 9.4 Swimming pools 88
6.3 Main Earth Terminal 52 9.5 Water fountains 89
6.4 Earth Electrodes 53 9.6 Temporary Electrical Installations 90
6.5 Earth Conductors 55 9.7 Street lighting 92
6.6 Exposed-Conductive-Parts 56 9.8 External lighting 93
6.7 Earth Fault Loop Impedance 57 9.9 Marinas and similar locations 94
6.8 Lightning protection 58 9.10 Solar photovoltaic systems 97
6.9 Functional Earthing and high leakage currents 59
10 Power factor correction 103
7 Selection of components and installation
requirements 61 10.1 General requirements 103
10.2 Specifications for capacitors 104
7.1 Plugs, socket-outlets, and flex outlets 61
7.2 Switches and isolators 63 11 Electric motors and starters 107
7.3 Lighting 64
7.4 Conduit, trunking and Cable Trays 67 11.1 General requirements 107
7.5 Cables 69 11.2 Protection and isolation 108
7.6 Final Circuits 73
7.7 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers 74 12 Standby generators 109
7.8 Distribution Boards 75
7.9 LV switchboards 79 12.1 General requirements 109

Appendices 111

Guidance notes 209

8 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 9
 Introduction 1
1.1 Citation and commencement

1.1.1 These Regulations shall be cited as the Electricity Wiring

Regulations (Third Edition).

1.1.2 These Regulations are effective from 1 January 2008.

Amendments incorporated in Revision 1 of the Regulations
are effective from 1 January 2009. Amendments
incorporated in this Third Edition of the Regulations are
effective from 1 March 2014.
[Note: effective from 1 August 2013 the Bureau’s publications
will be called ‘Editions’ instead of ‘Revisions’.]

1.1.3 These Regulations are issued by the Regulation and

Supervision Bureau through the powers vested in it under
Article 62 of Law No (2) of 1998 (as amended).

1.1.4 These Regulations supersede the following regulations:

(a) ADWEA’s Wiring Rules and Regulations (3rd

Edition 2003);
(b) WED’s Regulations for Electrical Installation
Works (1980); and
(c) Earth Leakage Protection Regulations (2001).

1.2 Purpose and document structure

1.2.1 The purpose of these Regulations is to establish standards

and principles that promote the design, construction,
installation, maintenance and operation of safe and efficient
Low Voltage (LV) Electrical Installations in all Premises
within the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

10 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 11
 1ntroduction
1.2.2 The main part of this document is structured into chapters, 1.3.3 These Regulations shall apply to all new Electrical
1 regulations and clauses, see illustration on page 5. Regulations Installations constructed following the commencement date 1
and clauses are mandatory. Notes which are included below (clause 1.1.2). Requirements for extensions, alterations and
clauses, in italic text, are for guidance, clarification or repairs to existing Electrical Installations are covered under
provide supporting technical information. Regulation 3.3.
[Note: where the design of an Electrical Installation has been
1.2.3 The second part of this document consists of Appendices, completed before the date of commencement of these Regulations
which contain mandatory information, and Guidance notes advice must be sought from the Distribution Company before
which contain supporting information. construction is commenced.]

1.3 Scope and enforcement 1.3.4 For Electrical Installations constructed before the date of
commencement (1 January 2008), the table in Appendix
1.3.1 These Regulations apply to all Distribution Companies, A4(a) lists those clauses that either do not apply or that apply
Customers, Owners, Licensed Contractors, or any other after 1 January 2015 or the date of the next inspection or
persons involved in the design, construction, installation, re-certification (whichever is the earlier).
maintenance or operation of LV Electrical Installations
in all Premises within the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Such 1.3.5 These Regulations shall be enforced by the relevant
locations include, but are not limited to apartments, villas, Distribution Company in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, in
offices, shops, warehouses, hotels, commercial complexes, accordance with procedures which shall be published by
leisure complexes, public buildings, parks, farms, temporary the Distribution Company and approved by the Bureau.
Electrical Installations, entertainment arenas, construction See Regulation 3.2.
sites, tents, outbuildings, caravans, street lighting, and traffic
signs. 1.3.6 Compliance with these Regulations requires compliance
with other relevant technical standards, see Regulation 3.1.
[Note: certain Premises such as industrial, manufacturing, References to British Standards or other standards means
railway, oil and gas etc, due to the nature of their operation, may the current edition of the standard cited or its replacement.
have specific requirements or standards that are not covered in
For existing Electrical Installations clause 1.3.4 applies.
these Regulations. In such cases, evidence of compliance with
such requirements or standards must be provided to the relevant
1.3.7 Failure to comply with these Regulations, or any part
Distribution Company.]
thereof, shall be deemed as contrary to the Law and subject
to punishment by the imposition of a fine. Any such failures
1.3.2 The scope of these Regulations does not include the
will be addressed in accordance with the Law under Article
design and technical requirements of the High Voltage
65(5) (notices served by the Bureau) and Article 66 (failure
(HV) and LV electricity distribution networks belonging to
to comply and imposition of fines). Action may be taken
Distribution Companies.
against any Distribution Company, Customer, Owner,
[Note: requirements governing Distribution Companies’ networks Licensed Contractor or other person to which these
are covered under the Electricity Supply Regulations, as well as Regulations apply.
relevant Licences, codes and standards.]
[Note: see Appendix A4(b) for a list of relevant Articles of Law
No (2) of 1998.]

12 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 13
 Definitions 2
1.3.8 Relaxation of any of the requirements of the Regulations 2.1 Interpretation
1 shall be approved by the Bureau upon written request by
any Distribution Company, Customer, Owner, Licensed Words which are defined under this section are used in the Regulations
Contractor or other person. Such requests may be referred beginning with capital letters. For example, “all Earth Conductors
to a dispensation panel established for such purpose by the within a Premises shall be ...”.
Bureau.
Terms in common use are not defined here and normal dictionary
[Note: relaxation requests from a Customer, Owner, Licensed definitions apply (e.g. circuit-breaker, plug, conduit).
Contractor or other person must be directed to the relevant
Distribution Company in the first instance, in accordance with Words and expressions other than those described in this section, which
the procedures published by the Company.] are defined in the Law, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the
Law.
1.3.9 In the event of a dispute between any parties mentioned
in clause 1.3.1, the matter may be referred to the Bureau Words using the singular or plural number also include the plural or
to advise a solution or recommended action. This does not singular number, respectively.
preclude any party referring a matter to the relevant Court
of Abu Dhabi. 2.1.1 Accessory: a device, other than current-using equipment,
associated with an Electrical Installation.
1.3.10 These Regulations and the rights and duties of any parties
thereunder shall be governed by, construed and applied in 2.1.2 Appliance: an item of current-using equipment.
accordance with, the Laws of Abu Dhabi Emirate and the
Federal Laws of the UAE as applied by the Courts of Abu 2.1.3 Arm’s Reach: a zone of accessibility to touch, extending
Dhabi. from any point on a surface where a person may stand or
move about, to the limits which such person may reach
without assistance (i.e. without any tool or ladder, etc). Such
a distance may be taken as 2.5 m height from the standing
surface, and 1.25 m horizontally from the standing position.

2.1.4 Bureau: the Regulation and Supervision Bureau for the

Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in the Emirate of
Abu Dhabi, as established under the Law.

2.1.5 Cable Tray: a cable support consisting of a continuous

base with raised edges and no covering. A Cable Tray is
considered to be perforated where more than 30% of the
material is removed from the base.

2.1.6 Cable Trunking: a manufactured enclosure for the

protection of cables, normally of rectangular cross-section,
of which one side is removable or hinged.

14 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 15
 Definitions
2.1.7 Category 1 Circuit: a Circuit (other than a fire alarm or 2.1.12 Class II Equipment: equipment which does not include a
emergency lighting Circuit) operating at LV. means for connection to an Earth Conductor, and which
provides supplementary insulation in addition to the basic
2.1.8 Category 2 Circuit: a Circuit (other than a fire insulation of the equipment such that a breakdown of the
2 alarm or emergency lighting Circuit) which supplies basic insulation will not present a dangerous Voltage on 2
telecommunications equipment (such as telephones, Exposed-Conductive-Parts (also known as Double Insulated
intruder alarms, data transmission, call bells, etc). Equipment). Class II Equipment is required to comply with
BS 2754. See Appendix A18(b).
2.1.9 Category 3 Circuit: a fire alarm or emergency lighting
Circuit. 2.1.13 Class III Equipment: equipment in which protection
against electric shock relies on supply at SELV and in
2.1.10 Circuit: a set of phase and neutral conductors installed as which Voltages higher than SELV are not generated in the
a group to supply power to a location and which originate equipment, see BS 2754.
from one Protective Device. The following are related
definitions: 2.1.14 Competency Licence: a specific licence issued by a
Distribution Company to a Licenced Contractor assessed
(a) Ring Circuit: a Circuit which is wired from a single as competent for work on LV Electrical Installations.
Protective Device, being run through an area to be
supplied (via appropriate socket-outlets, switched 2.1.15 Connected Load: the aggregate load of Appliances and
flex outlets, etc) and returning back to the same other electrical equipment at a Premises, summated using the
Protective Device, thus forming an electrically method described under clause 3.2.7. See Guidance note G2.
continuous loop;
2.1.16 Customer: any person, corporate body, or company who
(b) Radial Circuit: a Circuit which is wired in a
‘radial’ or ‘branch’ configuration, emanating from has an agreement with a Distribution Company for the
a Protective Device, to the area to be supplied; supply of electricity.

(c) Final Circuit: a Circuit which directly supplies 2.1.17 Connection Point (CP): the point which defines the
Appliances (normally via socket-outlets, switched boundary between the Owner’s Electrical Installation
flex outlets, isolators, ceiling roses, etc.); and installed at a Premises and the main cable or equipment
(d) Distribution Circuit: a Circuit connecting between owned by the Distribution Company.
Distribution Boards (may also be referred to as a
‘sub-Circuit’). 2.1.18 Danger: risk of injury to people or animals from fire, electric
shock, burns, explosion or from mechanical movement of
2.1.11 Class I Equipment: equipment which includes a means for electrically controlled equipment, or the risk of damage to
connection of Exposed-Conductive-Parts of the equipment property.
to the Earth Conductor, thus providing protection against
electric shock in case of failure of the basic insulation of the 2.1.19 Direct Contact: the contact with electricity by a person
equipment or other fault condition. (accidental or otherwise) through the phase or neutral
conductors of an Electrical Installation or Appliance,
leading to an electric shock, see Guidance note G4(a).

16 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 17
 Definitions
2.1.20 Distribution Company: a company or body holding a (b) Distribution Company Earthed System (TN-S): a
distribution licence, granted by the Bureau, pursuant to the system of supply where the Distribution Company
Law. provides a connection to the Owner’s Main Earth
Terminal, using the distribution network Earthing
2.1.21 Distribution Board: an assembly designed for housing system.
2 2
isolation switches and Protective Devices and for connecting
multiple Circuits, including their associated neutral and 2.1.25 Earthing or Earthed: a general term used to describe the
Earth Conductors. The following are related definitions: connection of conductive parts of an Electrical Installation
or an Appliance to Earth.
(a) Main Distribution Board (MDB): the Distribution
Board which accepts the main incoming LV 2.1.26 Earth Conductor: a conductor used to connect Exposed-
supply from the Distribution Company or Owner’s Conductive-Parts of an Electrical Installation and
transformer; associated Appliances to Earth, and providing a means for
the safe passage of earth fault current. This includes the
(b) Sub Main Distribution Board (SMDB): any
Distribution Board which is neither a Main following defined terms:
Distribution Board nor a Final Distribution Board;
and (a) Main Earth Conductor (MEC): conductors
connected between Earth Electrodes and Main
(c) Final Distribution Board (FDB): a Distribution Earth Terminals; and
Board which supplies Final Circuits only.
(b) Circuit Earth Conductor (CEC): conductors
connecting all Circuits emanating from Main
2.1.22 Diversified Load: the load at a Distribution Board, at the
Distribution Boards, Sub Main Distribution
Electricity Intake or at any other point in an Electrical
Boards, Final Distribution Boards including
Installation, calculated using diversity factors as illustrated
Circuits connecting to equipment and Appliances.
in Guidance note G2. Outside these Regulations these may also be
known as the Circuit Protective Conductor (CPC)
2.1.23 Double Insulated Equipment: see Class II Equipment. or Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC).
2.1.24 Earth: the conductive mass of Earth, whose electrical
2.1.27 Earth Electrode: a conductor or group of conductors
potential (Voltage) at any point is conventionally taken as
in intimate contact with Earth, providing an electrical
zero. The following are related definitions:
connection to Earth, and normally having a known and
measurable value of Earth Resistance.
(a) Locally Earthed System (TT): a system of supply
where the Owner provides a Main Earth Terminal 2.1.28 Earthed Equipotential Bonding (EEB): the connection
for the Electrical Installation, which is connected
of Extraneous-Conductive-Parts within a Premises using
to a sufficient number of local Earth Electrodes to
designated conductors such that potential Touch Voltages
provide a maximum Earth Resistance measured
are kept to a safe value during the passage of earth fault
at the Owner’s Main Earth Terminal of not more
than 10 Ohms. current (also known outside these Regulations as ‘PME
Bonding’). This definition includes the following:

18 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 19
 Definitions
(a) Main Equipotential Bonding: the connection of 2.1.33 Earth Fault Loop Impedance (Zs): the total impedance
major Extraneous-Conductive-Parts, such as pipe presented to an earth fault current, comprising the
services and metallic structures, at their point of impedance of the following parts of a system, illustrated in
entry into a Premises to the Main Earth Terminal Appendix A5(g):
2 in an Electrical Installation, using designated 2
conductors; and (a) the Circuit Earth Conductor;
(b) Supplementary Equipotential Bonding: the (b) the Main Earth Terminal;
connection of Extraneous-Conductive-Parts with
each other or with Exposed-Conductive-Parts (c) the main Earth Conductors connecting to Earth
within an area where such parts are simultaneously Electrodes or the Distribution Company Earth;
accessible to persons, such that the potential Touch (d) the path of earth fault current through the general
Voltage during an earth fault is kept to safe limits. mass of Earth, or through the conductors or Earth
sheath or armouring of the Distribution Company
[Note: for disconnection times greater than 0.4 seconds, a safe
cable;
Touch Voltage limit may be taken as 50 V for dry conditions and
25 V for wet conditions.] (e) the neutral Earth connection(s) of the Distribution
Company;
2.1.29 Earthed Equipotential Bonded System (EEBS): a (f) the distribution transformer winding; and
system where protection against electric shock due to
Indirect Contact is achieved by the provision of Earthed (g) the phase conductor of the Circuit back to the
Equipotential Bonding conductors, in association with point of fault.
Protective Devices for the automatic disconnection of
supply. 2.1.34 Electricity Intake: a term used to describe the location
or room housing the Main Distribution Board and/or
2.1.30 Earth Leakage Protection (ELP): the provision of the main cable and equipment owned by a Distribution
protection against electric shock due to Indirect Contact by Company to which the Electrical Installation of the
the use of RCDs or other sensitive earth leakage Protective Premises is connected via a defined Connection Point.
Devices which automatically disconnect the supply
sufficiently quickly so as to prevent Danger to persons. 2.1.35 Electrical Installation: an Electrical Installation comprises
any fixed or temporary cable, switchgear or other electrical
2.1.31 Earth Leakage Protected System (ELPS): a system of equipment or apparatus within a Premises or other place
supply where Earth Leakage Protection is provided on Final where there is an electricity supply (including outdoor
Circuits and an additional ELP is provided at the Electricity locations). Fixed or portable electrical Appliances are not
Intake. considered part of the Electrical Installation, although these
Regulations do include requirements for the connection of
2.1.32 Earth Resistance: the resistance (in Ohms) from any point Appliances (e.g. plugs and socket-outlets).
on an Electrical Installation to Earth, being measured using
an approved testing device and approved procedure.

20 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 21
 Definitions
2.1.36 Electrical Installation Certificate: a certificate in the 2.1.44 Indirect Contact: contact of a person with electricity through
format indicated in these Regulations which is issued by Exposed-Conductive-Parts of an Electrical Installation or
a Licensed Contractor after completion of work on an Appliance, or through Extraneous-Conductive-Parts in a
Electrical Installation and provided to the Customer or Premises which have become live during fault conditions,
2 Owner of the Premises. see Guidance note G4(b). 2
2.1.37 Electricity Distribution Code: a code prepared and 2.1.45 Law: means Law No (2) of 1998 Concerning the Regulation
maintained by the Distribution Companies detailing of the Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in the
technical parameters and other requirements relating to the Emirate of Abu Dhabi (as amended).
connection and the use of the distribution networks owned
and operated by the Distribution Companies. 2.1.46 Licensed Contractor: a person, entity or company
which has been assessed by the Distribution Company as
2.1.38 Exposed-Conductive-Part: a conductive part of an competent to work on Electrical Installations and issued a
Electrical Installation or Appliance which can be touched Competency Licence by that Distribution Company.
by persons and which is not normally live but may become
live due to a fault condition. Exposed-Conductive-Parts are 2.1.47 Low Voltage: see Voltage.
required to be connected to Earth, see Regulation 6.6.
2.1.48 Luminaire: equipment which is designed to house one
2.1.39 Extraneous-Conductive-Part: a conductive part, structure or more electric lamps and which may include diffusers,
or any metalwork within a Premises which is not part of, fixtures, transformers and auxiliary Circuits but is taken to
and is unrelated to, the Electrical Installation and which is exclude the lamps themselves. Outside of these Regulations
not designed to carry current, but which may become live a Luminaire may commonly be referred to as a ‘light fitting’.
due to a fault condition. Extraneous-Conductive-Parts are
required to be connected to Earth for Electrical Installations 2.1.49 Main Distribution Board: see Distribution Board.
or parts of Electrical Installations classified as Earthed
Equipotential Bonded Systems, see Regulation 5.5. 2.1.50 Main Earth Terminal (MET): the main Connection
Point at which the nominal value of Earth Resistance
2.1.40 Extra-Low Voltage (ELV): see Voltage. for an Electrical Installation is taken, and to which Earth
Conductors from Earth Electrodes or the Distribution
2.1.41 Final Circuit: see Circuit. Company Earth are connected. This will normally be at or
close to the Connection Point.
2.1.42 Functional Earth: an Earth or Earthing system which is
provided for special functions (such as reduction of radio 2.1.51 Marina: a facility for the mooring of Leisure Crafts which
frequency interference, noise filtering for computers, etc) has fixed wharves, jetties, piers or a pontoon arrangement
and which is separate from other Earth Conductors in an capable of berthing one or more Leisure Craft. The
Electrical Installation but is connected to the Main Earth following are related definitions:
Terminal.
(a) Leisure Craft: a boat, vessel, yacht, motor launch,
2.1.43 High Voltage: see Voltage. houseboat or other floating craft used exclusively
for sport or leisure; and

22 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 23
 Definitions
(b) Pedestal: an electrical service enclosure providing (c) Array Junction Box: enclosure where PV Strings
electricity connection to Leisure Crafts in Marinas. of any PV Array are electrically connected and
where devices can be located;
2.1.52 Owner: the legal owner of the Premises in which an (d) d.c. side: part of a PV installation from a PV cell to
2 Electrical Installation is installed. the d.c. terminals of the PV Inverter; 2
(e) Inverter: device which converts d.c. voltage and
2.1.53 Premises: any occupied or unoccupied land, structure, d.c. current into a.c. voltage and a.c. current;
building, enclosure or other place. Such locations include,
but are not limited to, apartments, villas, offices, shops, (f) Module: smallest completely environmental
warehouses, hotels, commercial complexes, leisure protected assembly of interconnected PV cells;
complexes, public buildings, parks, farms, temporary (g) Open Circuit Voltage, Voc: voltage under standard
Electrical Installations, entertainment arenas, construction test conditions across unloaded (open) PV Module,
sites, tents, outbuildings, caravans, street lighting and traffic PV String, PV generator, or on the d.c. side of the
signs. PV Inverter;
(h) Short Circuit Current, Isc: short circuit current
2.1.54 Prospective Fault Current: the value of current that would of a PV Module, PV String, PV Array or PV
flow due to a short-circuit fault of negligible impedance generator under standard test conditions; and
between live phase conductors, or between phase conductors
and Earth. The maximum Prospective Fault Current for an (i) String: Circuit in which PV Modules are connected
Electrical Installation is normally taken at the Connection in series, in order for a PV Array to generate the
Point. required output voltage.

2.1.55 Protective Device: a device installed at the start of a Circuit 2.1.57 Radial Circuit: see Circuit.
which will automatically disconnect the input of electricity
in the event of a fault or overload occurring on that Circuit. 2.1.58 Residual Current Device (RCD): a Protective Device which
Such devices include, but are not limited to, fuses, fuse links, is installed to automatically isolate the supply to a Circuit
miniature circuit-breakers (MCB), moulded case circuit- or Distribution Board when the vector sum of currents in
breakers (MCCB) and Residual Current Devices (RCD). the phase and neutral conductors reaches a preset value
(referred to as the residual operating current or residual
2.1.56 PV: photovoltaic. The following are related definitions: current rating).

(a) a.c. side: part of a PV installation from the a.c. 2.1.59 Ring Circuit: see Circuit.
terminals of the PV Inverter to the point of
connection of the PV supply cable to the Electrical 2.1.60 Sub Main Distribution Board: see Distribution Board.
Installation;
(b) Array: mechanically and electrically integrated
assembly of PV Modules, and other necessary
components, to form a d.c. power supply unit;

24 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 25
 General principles and
safety requirements 3
2.1.61 Touch Voltage: the Voltage that would appear during an 3.1 Technical standards, materials
earth fault condition between Exposed-Conductive-Parts and workmanship
and Extraneous-Conductive-Parts which are simultaneously
accessible to persons. 3.1.1 These Regulations provide guidelines and technical
2 [Note: this term is used only in connection with protection standards which are consistent with the principles contained
against Indirect Contact and is not used to refer to Direct Contact in BS 7671:2008 (also known as the IET Wiring Regulations
with electricity. The seriousness of impact of Touch Voltage on 17th Edition). Where any provision in these Regulations
a person will depend on the body resistance and the immediate contradicts any provision in BS 7671, the requirements,
surroundings, in particular the presence of water. See Guidance standards or specifications under these Regulations shall
note G4(h) and G5(b).] apply.
[Note: these Regulations are in some aspects more prescriptive
2.1.62 Voltage: than BS 7671, and take account of the physical environment of
Abu Dhabi Emirate, as well as the typical skills and language
(a) High Voltage (HV): an a.c. voltage greater diversity in the region.]
than Low Voltage and less than 36 kV between
phases or 21 kV between any phase and Earth 3.1.2 Where a provision or technical requirement is not covered
(internationally referred to as Medium Voltage); by these Regulations, BS 7671 may be used as a guideline
(b) Low Voltage (LV): an a.c. voltage below 1000 V or specification, with prior approval from the Distribution
between phases, or below 600 V between any Company and the Bureau.
phase and Earth or; a d.c. voltage below 1500 V
between conductors, or below 900 V between any 3.1.3 All materials used in Electrical Installations shall be of good
conductor and Earth; quality and installed in a neat and orderly manner.
(c) Extra-Low Voltage (ELV): a voltage not exceeding 3.1.4 All materials and equipment shall comply with relevant
50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c. whether between live
international standards which shall be mainly BS (British
conductors or between live conductors and Earth;
Standards) or IEC (International Electrotechnical
(d) Separated Extra-Low Voltage (SELV): an Extra- Commission) standards, as referenced in these Regulations.
Low Voltage system which is electrically separated Other international standards may be used, in particular
from Earth in such a way that a single fault cannot where none are specified in these Regulations, with the prior
give rise to the risk of electric shock; approval of the Distribution Company and the Bureau. A
(e) Protective Extra-Low Voltage (PELV): a system list of BS and IEC standards applying to the main types of
which has the same features as SELV except that equipment is given in Appendix A3.
connection of Exposed-Conductive-Parts to Earth
is allowed; and 3.1.5 The Distribution Company may issue specifications and
requirements in addition to these Regulations, which will
(f) Reduced Low Voltage (RLV): a voltage which does
be endorsed or approved by the Bureau, and provided to
not exceed 55 V a.c. between phase and Earth or
110 V a.c. between phases. interested parties on request. The Distribution Company
shall ensure that any such specifications or requirements
are consistent with these Regulations, unless otherwise
approved by the Bureau.

26 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 27
 General principles and
safety requirements
3.1.6 Reference must be made, where relevant, to UAE or Gulf 3.2.4 Notwithstanding clause 3.2.3, in all instances the Owner
standards which may be issued from time to time by the and associated Licensed Contractor are responsible for
Emirates Standardization and Metrology Authority (ESMA). ensuring that the design, construction and installation of
Electrical Installations complies with these Regulations.
3.2 Approval of Electrical Installations 3.2.5 New Electrical Installations must be inspected and tested
by the Distribution Company in accordance with the
3.2.1 Any Owner requiring a new connection or alteration to requirements of Chapter 8 of these Regulations, prior to
3 an existing connection must make an application to the and upon energisation. 3
Distribution Company using the appropriate forms and
procedures published by the Company. 3.2.6 The Distribution Company may, where appropriate, seek
evidence of compliance against relevant standards of
3.2.2 The design of an Electrical Installation must be approved equipment and components used in the Electrical Installation.
by the Distribution Company before commencement of
construction. Details of the design must be submitted, 3.2.7 The Owner must provide an estimate of the Connected
together with appropriate calculations and wiring diagrams, Load at the Premises, including at each Distribution Board.
using the standard symbols shown in Appendix A11. In addition, the Diversified Load for the whole Premises
[Note: even though the relevant Distribution Company approves and at each Distribution Board, must be calculated by
the design of Electrical Installations, this does not relieve the the Owner’s appointed Licensed Contractor (i.e. design
Owner and associated Licensed Contractor from the obligation engineer or other qualified person) and submitted in the
to fully comply with these Regulations.] format given in Appendix A20(e), see Guidance note G2.

3.2.3 For large developments, the Owner may, with the prior
approval of the Bureau and the Distribution Company, 3.3 Extensions, alterations and repairs
enter into an undertaking with the Distribution Company
to the effect that all parts of an Electrical Installation 3.3.1 No extension or alteration to an Electrical Installation
downstream from the Connection Point shall comply with may be made without prior notification to the Distribution
these Regulations. Any such approval, including as to the Company or without approval, testing and certification in
form of undertaking, will be at the discretion of the Bureau accordance with Regulation 3.2.
and the Distribution Company. If given, the Owner will not
be required to submit details of the Electrical Installation 3.3.2 All extensions or alterations to an existing Electrical
design to the Distribution Company for prior approval. A Installation must comply with the requirements of these
decision by the Bureau and the Distribution Company to Regulations.
allow the Owner to self-certify the design of an Electrical
Installation shall not have any bearing on any inspection 3.3.3 Notwithstanding clause 3.3.1 and 3.3.2, repairs to existing
of the Electrical Installation by the Distribution Company, Electrical Installations may be made using standards
and the Owner shall rectify any non-compliance identified of equipment compliant with the original Electrical
by the Distribution Company (either in the pre-energisation Installation, but limited to work of an essential nature on
inspection or upon any other inspection) at its own cost a like-for-like basis. Work on any part of the Electrical
and within the timeframes specified by the Distribution Installation other than Final Circuits, including any
Company or set out in these Regulations. Distribution Board and any items at the Electricity Intake,
must be notified to the Distribution Company.
28 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 29
 General principles and
safety requirements
3.3.4 Any proposed increase greater than 10% of the total 3.5.3 All parts of an Electrical Installation shall be sufficiently
Connected Load at a Premises, or greater than 10% of sized and rated to safely carry out the function for which
the Connected Load at any Distribution Board, must be they are required.
approved by the Distribution Company.
3.5.4 All parts of an Electrical Installation shall be insulated
appropriately according to the function they serve and in
3.4 Licensed Contractors consideration of the expected operating environment, so as
to prevent Danger.
3 3.4.1 Work on Electrical Installations may only be carried out by 3
Licensed Contractors who have been assessed and approved [Note: for areas classified as explosive or flammable, the
by the Distribution Company. requirements of BS EN 60079 shall be satisfied.]

3.4.2 The process for approval of Licensed Contractors shall be 3.5.5 All Exposed-Conductive-Parts of an Electrical Installation
published by the Distribution Company and approved by and of Appliances must be connected to Earth via
the Bureau. appropriate Earth Conductors, so as to protect against
electric shock, see Regulation 6.6.
3.4.3 A register of Licensed Contractors shall be kept up-to-date
by the Distribution Company and provided on request to 3.5.6 Except in specified circumstances, all Electrical Installations
any person. shall be provided with Earth Leakage Protection at the
source of supply, at all Final Circuits and at other appropriate
points. In addition, Earth Equipotential Bonding shall be
3.5 Requirements for safety provided, see clause 5.3.4.

3.5.1 The provisions of these Regulations require that all 3.5.7 All Electrical Installations must be protected against
Electrical Installations are designed and constructed so as to damage caused by excess current due to a fault or overload
ensure the safety of all persons who may operate, maintain by suitable Protective Devices, see Regulation 5.2.
or otherwise use or be affected by any part of an Electrical
Installation. In addition to the requirements detailed under 3.5.8 All Electrical Installations must be provided with a means
the relevant sections of these Regulations, the following of isolating the electricity supply at suitable sections,
general safety principles shall apply. subsections and Circuits, and at points where Appliances
[Note: these Regulations do not include detailed requirements for the are used, see Regulation 5.6.
maintenance of Electrical Installations. However, the maintainability
of Electrical Installations must be adequately catered for in their 3.5.9 All parts of an Electrical Installation must be suitably located
design and construction. In addition, the requirements for periodic so as to provide safe access for operation, maintenance
inspection and testing, as detailed in Chapter 8, may give rise to the and repair and must be protected against accidental or
need for maintenance and repair work.] deliberate interference or damage.

3.5.2 All parts of an Electrical Installation shall be designed and 3.5.10 Electrical Installations must be designed and constructed
constructed so as to prevent Danger. with particular consideration given to the risk of fire due to
electrical faults and the propagation of fire through parts of
the Electrical Installation. See clauses 6.1.1(c), 7.2.4, 7.4.5,
7.4.15, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 8.2.1(g) and 11.2.1.
30 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 31
 General principles and
safety requirements
3.5.11 All Electrical Installations must be inspected and tested 3.6.5 For non-domestic Electrical Installations, all Accessories and
at the time of first commissioning and at regular intervals fittings must be marked with Circuit identification numbers.
thereafter to ensure ongoing safety, as detailed under [Note: Circuit identification numbers must indicate the
Chapter 8 of these Regulations. Distribution Board from which an Accessory or fitting is supplied,
and may be fixed externally or internally, i.e. either outside or
3.5.12 Inspection and testing of Electrical Installations must inside cover plates.]
be carried out with due skill and care to avoid Danger to
persons, property and installed equipment. 3.6.6 Load distribution schedules, as shown in Appendix A20(e),
3 3
must be provided at each Distribution Board. An overall
3.5.13 Additional requirements for safety in special locations are wiring diagram showing the Connection Point(s), the
covered in Chapter 9. location and interconnection of Distribution Boards must
be provided at the Electricity Intake.
3.6 Labelling and identification
3.6.7 Where parts of an Electrical Installation are accessible or
3.6.1 Electrical Installations at the Electricity Intake room must be visible to the general public they must be labelled with a
suitably labelled so as to give information on the electricity warning: “LIVE – 230/400 VOLTS – DANGER OF
supply parameters, the source of supply, location in relation DEATH” or similar wording. This warning must be written
to other Electrical Installations, assets ownership, authorised in English and Arabic, see example in Appendix A12(a).
personnel contact details and any special precautions to be However, parts of Final Circuits and other points of normal
taken. See example in Appendix A12(a). use may be excluded from this requirement.

[Note: special precautions would include information on other

sources of electricity such as local generation or interconnection 3.7 Environmental conditions
with other Premises.]
3.7.1 All parts of an Electrical Installation must be suitably designed,
3.6.2 The means of isolation from all sources of electricity must constructed and maintained so as to operate safely and
be clearly labelled and accessible to authorised persons, see carry out their designed function in the expected operating
Regulation 5.6. environment. The following environmental conditions may be
used as a guide if no other special factors apply:
3.6.3 The provision of Earth Leakage Protection (as required
under clause 5.3.4) must be clearly indicated at appropriate (a) maximum ground temperature (at 1m depth): 35˚C;
isolation points, including a notice informing Owners of
(b) soil resistivity: according to local conditions;
the need for regular testing of RCD devices, see Appendix
A12(c). (c) weather: mainly sunny, occasional fog (causing
condensation on outdoor equipment), and
3.6.4 Individual Circuits (including neutral and Earth occasional sandstorms;
Conductors) must be identified by numbering at the source (d) air quality: frequently dusty, corrosive in coastal
end and where appropriate, at intervals along the route, see areas;
Guidance note G7(f).
(e) maximum humidity: 100%; and

32 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 33
 Electricity parameters and
Electricity Intake 4
(f) maximum ambient (air) temperatures: 4.1 Electricity parameters
• outdoor (shaded): 50˚C
4.1.1 The parameters for electricity supplies provided in the
• outdoor (unshaded): temperature rise due to solar Emirate of Abu Dhabi are defined in the Electricity Supply
gain must be calculated for the relevant equipment Regulations, issued by the Bureau.
or the maximum ‘black bulb’ temperature may be
used (typically 10 ˚C above ambient temperature)
Voltage and frequency
• indoor (not air conditioned): 40˚C
3
• indoor (air conditioned): 30˚C 4.1.2 The nominal Voltage at LV shall be 230 V single-phase or
400 V three-phase.
[Note: in some situations the ambient temperature for indoor
non-air-conditioned situations may reach the outdoor shaded
4.1.3 The permissible variation from the nominal Voltage shall
temperature e.g. a small prefabricated building with little
be kept within + 10% and - 6%.
ventilation, or a garage which is open to the atmosphere.]
4.1.4 The nominal frequency shall be 50 Hz.

Harmonics, voltage disturbances and power factor

4.1.5 Electrical Installations, and the use of electrical equipment

therein, must be designed to avoid the generation of
disturbances in the electricity supply voltage. These may
include voltage fluctuations, voltage dips, voltage unbalance
and harmonics, which are of a magnitude that adversely
affects the Customers of the Distribution Company.

4.1.6 The permitted limits of such disturbances are given in the

Electricity Distribution Code, Annex 1. Owners will be
required to install filters or other equipment to mitigate
against such disturbances that are outside the permitted
limits (as explained in the Electricity Distribution Code).

4.1.7 The power factor at the Connection Point between

the Distribution Company and the Owner’s Electrical
Installation shall be maintained between 0.9 lagging and
unity. Power factor correction equipment must be used
where required to achieve this value, see Chapter 10.

34 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 35
 Prospective Fault Current

Electricity parameters
and Electricity Intake
4.2.7 The Electricity Intake must not be located on the reverse
4.1.8 The maximum three-phase Prospective Fault Current side of a bathroom or kitchen wall, or below a bathroom or
at LV shall be 46 kA (1 second) at the LV busbar of the kitchen. The Electricity Intake must not be located below
Distribution Company’s HV/LV substation, or 30 kA any water services or pipes, such as mains water supply,
(1 second) at a LV feeder pillar, or 25 kA (1 second) at a drainage systems, storage tanks, air conditioning chillers, or
LV service turret or such lower value as otherwise agreed other liquids or hazardous materials.
between the Distribution Company and the Owner.
4.2.8 The Electricity Intake room must be well ventilated,
preferably without the need for forced air circulation.
4.2 Electricity Intake Where air conditioning is required in the Electricity Intake
4 room, the requirement for fresh air circulation must also be 4
4.2.1 The Electricity Intake must be positioned in a dedicated provided to avoid condensation.
room or housing and would typically be made from concrete
block, brick or similar construction. [Note: consideration must be given to the relevant UAE fire code
requirements.]
[Note: where prefabricated enclosures are used, the enclosures
must be verified in accordance with the relevant international 4.2.9 At least one emergency lighting unit must be fitted in all
standards and be approved by the Distribution Company prior Electricity Intake rooms, which must be provided with a
to installation.]
battery rated for minimum 3 hours illumination, and
subject to adequate routine maintenance.
4.2.2 Other than in exceptional circumstances, and with prior
approval from the Distribution Company, there shall be 4.2.10 Doors to Electricity Intake rooms must be arranged to open
only one Electricity Intake for any Premises. outwards, be kept free from obstructions, and be capable of
being opened from the inside without the use of a key.
4.2.3 The Electricity Intake must be positioned in an area which
is readily accessible to Distribution Company staff and 4.2.11 The need for delivery of heavy equipment to the Electricity
other authorised persons, particularly in an emergency, and Intake room during construction and for future repair or
must be at or close to the outside perimeter of a Premises. alterations must be taken into account in the location of the
Electricity Intake room.
4.2.4 The Electricity Intake must not be positioned in an area
controlled by one of the tenants in a multi-occupancy 4.2.12 For Electricity Intake rooms greater than 6 m in length,
building. more than one door shall be provided as a means of
emergency access.
4.2.5 Equipment at the Electricity Intake must be located in a
safe and accessible position, and kept clear of hindrance at 4.2.13 Electrical Installation layouts and minimum sizes of the
all times. Electricity Intake are given in Appendix A12(b) and A12(d).
4.2.6 The use of Electricity Intake rooms as storage rooms for 4.2.14 For large Electrical Installations, the Electricity Intake may
any tools, equipment or other materials is prohibited. contain one or more LV switchboards, the requirements for
which are given in Regulation 7.9.

36 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 37
 Protection 5
4.2.15 Where a HV/LV substation is required within the Premises, 5.1 General principles
the design and construction requirements for the substation
will be specified by the Distribution Company. 5.1.1 All Electrical Installations and individual Circuits therein
must be designed, constructed and maintained to provide
protection against the following:
4.3 The Connection Point

4.3.1 Equipment at the Connection Point must be locked or (a) overload;

sealed by the Distribution Company to prevent deliberate (b) short-circuits (phase to phase or phase to Earth);
or accidental interference. Such locks or seals will include and
those for metering equipment, etc. (c) electric shock (due to Direct or Indirect Contact
4 with electricity).
4.3.2 The Owners’ Main Distribution Board must always include
a means of emergency isolation in the case of a fault or
5.1.2 Protection against conditions of overload and short-circuit
breakdown (e.g. main circuit-breaker) which is readily
will normally be provided by MCBs, MCCBs or similar
accessible and clearly labelled so as to be easily operated
devices, see Regulation 5.2 below.
by the Owner. Such means of emergency isolation must be
left unlocked at all times, except when locked in the open
5.1.3 Protection of persons against electric shock due to Direct
position to allow access to the Electrical Installation (e.g. for
Contact or Indirect Contact must be provided by one of the
maintenance).
methods detailed in Regulation 5.3 below.
[Note: see Guidance note G4(a) and G4(b) for explanation of
4.4 Multiple occupancy Premises Direct and Indirect Contact.]

4.4.1 Individual Customers within multiple occupancy Premises

may be supplied by the Premises Owner’s Electrical 5.2 Overload and short-circuit protection
Installation consisting of rising and lateral mains (cabling or
busbars). Rising and lateral mains will normally be owned 5.2.1 All Electrical Installations and individual Circuits therein
and operated by the Premises Owner. must be provided with devices that protect against thermal,
electromagnetic and other detrimental effects caused by
4.4.2 The electricity metering for individual Customers for a rising overload and short-circuits. Such devices must be located
or lateral mains system will normally be at the point nearest at suitable sections and Circuits so as to give effective
to each Customer, remote from the main Electricity Intake. automatic disconnection in such conditions.

5.2.2 The main circuit-breaker at the Connection Point must

4.5 Metering requirements be of MCCB or ACB type and adequately rated for the
maximum Prospective Fault Current.
4.5.1 The requirements for Customer metering are contained in
the Customer Metering Regulations, issued by the Bureau. 5.2.3 All Circuits must be individually protected against overloads
Additional detailed requirements and procedures will be and short-circuits by suitable devices. Replaceable or
provided by the Distribution Company where required. re-wireable fuse links are not permitted for this purpose.

38 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 39
 5.2.4 The time-current performance characteristics of Protective [Note: SELV conductors at voltages of 12 V a.c. or 30 V d.c.
Devices must conform to the relevant reference standards may be un-insulated but must be provided with overload and
listed in Appendix A3. short-circuit protection.]
[Note: the time-current performance curves for MCBs are shown
5.3.2 Residual Current Devices with a residual current rating of
in Appendix A6(a) – (d).]
30 mA and complying with BS EN 61008 and BS IEC 1008
may be used as a means of supplementary protection against
5.2.5 To ensure protection against overload, Circuit conductors
Direct Contact. However, RCDs may not be used as the sole
must be sized taking into account the time-current
means of protection against Direct Contact i.e. one of items
characteristic of the Protective Device.

Protection
(a) to (d) above must be used in addition to RCD protection.
[Note: see note 2 of Appendix A6(f).]
[Note: RCD devices with a residual current rating above 30 mA
are not considered to provide adequate protection against Direct
5.2.6 Protective Devices at the Main Distribution Board must
Contact but may be used to provide protection against Indirect
have a Prospective Fault Current withstand and interruption Contact – see Regulation 5.4. It should be noted that RCD devices
rating above the maximum Prospective Fault Current do not protect against electric shock between phase conductors
5 declared by the Distribution Company for the relevant 5
or between phase conductors and neutral.]
Connection Point.
Indirect Contact
5.2.7 Protective Devices downstream of the Main Distribution
Board may have a reduced Prospective Fault Current 5.3.3 Indirect Contact with electricity can occur when a Voltage
withstand and interruption rating, taking into account the appears on Earthed parts of an Electrical Installation or
‘energy let-through’ characteristic (I2t) of the upstream Appliance due to the passage of earth fault current and
Protective Device, see Appendix A6(e). Where appropriate, whilst a person is in contact with either:
an allowance may also be made for the attenuation of
Prospective Fault Current due to the Circuit impedance.
(a) an Exposed-Conductive-Part and an Extraneous-
Conductive-Part; or
5.3 Electric shock protection (b) an Exposed-Conductive-Part and Earth; or

Direct Contact (c) an Extraneous-Conductive-Part and Earth.

5.3.1 Protection of persons against the risk of Direct Contact with 5.3.4 Protection against the risk of electric shock in the above
electricity must be provided by either physically preventing cases must be provided by:
contact or by an inherently safe systems of supply, using one
or more of the following measures: (a) an Earth Leakage Protected System, where RCDs
or similar devices are provided at Final Circuits and
(a) insulated conductors, see Regulation 5.7; additional RCDs or other sensitive Earth Leakage
Protection is provided at the Electricity Intake, see
(b) secure enclosures, barriers or covers on live parts; Regulation 5.4; and
(c) Separate Extra-Low Voltage (SELV) system; or (b) an Earthed Equipotential Bonded System, see
(d) Protective Extra-Low Voltage (PELV) system. Regulation 5.5.

40 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 41
 [Note: short-circuit Protection Devices provide the primary 5.4.4 For Final Circuits which are liable to carry pulsating or d.c.
means of clearance of earth faults within 0.4 seconds, which will currents, RCD devices must be of type A (pulsating d.c.
require the Earth Fault Loop Impedance to be sufficiently low for sensitivity) and for RCD devices requiring time-delayed
this to occur. ELP devices provide a secondary means of earth operation, type S devices must be used, see Guidance note
fault clearance.] G5(d).
5.4 Earth Leakage Protected Systems 5.4.5 Earth Leakage Protection provided at the Electricity Intake
must be set to discriminate with RCDs at Final Circuits
5.4.1 An Earth Leakage Protected System (ELPS) is defined as (i.e. earth faults on Final Circuits must be automatically
one where protection against Indirect Contact is provided

Protection
disconnected by the closest RCD). See Appendix A5(m)
by the use of RCDs or other similar devices on all Final and Guidance note G4(e).
Circuits and ELP is provided at the Electricity Intake. Such
a system is required to automatically disconnect the supply [Note: such discrimination may be provided by time-delayed
at a Final Circuit or at the Electricity Intake sufficiently RCD’s, earth fault relays or other suitable devices fitted at each
quickly so as to prevent Danger. incoming and outgoing Protective Device at the Electricity
5 Intake.] 5
5.4.2 For Final Circuits, ELP devices must be of the RCD type
whereby the device will trip if the vector sum of currents 5.4.6 The operating current setting for ELP devices at the
carried by the phase and neutral conductors is above a Electricity Intake must take into account the nature of the
preset value, see Guidance note G5(c). Voltage-operated Electrical Installation (e.g. commercial, industrial, etc), the
earth leakage devices (ELCB) are not permitted. likelihood and magnitude of earth fault currents, and the
requirement for protection against Indirect Contact, see
5.4.3 RCD devices for Final Circuits must have a time-current Appendix A5(m) and Guidance note G4(f).
performance characteristic complying with BS EN 61008 [Note: where the Electricity Intake consists of a multi-panel LV
and BS IEC 1008. This requires that the device must switchboard, the incoming and each outgoing Protective Device
operate within 200 milliseconds at its residual current rating of the LV switchboard should be fitted with ELP devices in order
and within 40 milliseconds at 5 times its residual current to limit the extent of power interruptions. These ELP devices
rating. It must not operate below 50% of its residual current should provide full discrimination between the upstream and
rating, see Guidance note G5(a). downstream devices.]

[Note: Earth Leakage Protection Devices provide protection

against electric shock by limiting the time that current may 5.4.7 At each Distribution Board, or other point where a RCD
pass through the body of a person to Earth; they do not limit is provided, a suitable label must be affixed to inform the
the magnitude of current, except by the feature of early cut-off Owner of the characteristics and mode of operation of
for a rising current. In addition, ELP devices provide protection the device and the need for routine testing, see Appendix
against ‘high resistance’ earth faults that may persist in an A12(c).
Electrical Installation if the fault current is too low to operate
overcurrent devices such as MCBs. Such faults may cause 5.4.8 For domestic Premises the residual current rating for RCDs
overheating of Circuits or connections and lead to a fire.] must be no greater than 100 mA for Final Circuits supplying
fixed equipment (e.g. lighting and air conditioning) and no

42 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 43
 greater than 30 mA for Final Circuits where Appliances 5.5 Earthed Equipotential Bonded Systems
may be used by persons (e.g. all socket-outlets, all kitchen
Appliances, other Appliances accessible to persons), and 5.5.1 An Earthed Equipotential Bonded System (EEBS) is defined
no greater than 30 mA for all Circuits in a bathroom, as one where protection against Indirect Contact is provided
see Regulation 9.3. A full list of applications and residual by the installation of Earthed Equipotential Bonding such
current ratings is provided in Appendix A5(m). that Voltage rises between Exposed-Conductive-Parts and
Extraneous-Conductive-Parts are kept to a safe value for
5.4.9 Special Circuits within a Premises, where there would be the duration of an earth fault (i.e. the time it takes for the
significant detriment or Danger from the tripping of the relevant Protective Device to trip).

Protection
Earth Leakage Protection, may be excluded from the zone
[Note: an EEB system relies on the principle that all Exposed-
of Earth Leakage Protection. Such instances may include Conductive-Parts and Extraneous-Conductive-Parts which are
Circuits supplying data centres or fire protection equipment accessible to persons are connected to the Main Earth Terminal
or safety alarms (not security alarms) or unoccupied sites and therefore the prospective Touch Voltage between them is
(such as telecommunications stations, water pumping limited to a value which is safe when taking into account the
5 stations, etc). All such cases must be declared in the Electrical operating time of the relevant Protective Device. In addition, it 5
Installation Certificate for the site and approved by the is assumed that a person cannot be in contact with Earth whilst
Distribution Company. In these cases, the requirements for touching any Conductive Part in a Premises – see Guidance
an Earthed Equipotential Bonded System must be met for notes G4(b) and G4(h).]
the relevant Circuits, see Regulation 5.5.
[Note: Earth leakage alarm must be provided for Circuits which 5.5.2 For an EEB system, the operating characteristics of
are excluded from the zone of Earth Leakage Protection (e.g. Protective Devices must limit the duration of any earth
an alarm that does not cause tripping of the Circuit but gives fault to less than 0.4 seconds for all Circuits supplying an
an audible and visible warning to appropriate persons in the Electrical Installation.
Premises. This alarm should be transmitted back to the building
management system where fitted.] 5.5.3 The most commonly used method for checking the
prospective fault duration is by reference to data on the
5.4.10 Final Circuits with high Earth leakage currents (e.g. limiting values of earth fault loop impedance for the
electronic equipment or industrial machinery) may be Protective Device concerned. For MCBs this is provided in
provided with ELP devices with higher residual current Appendix A5(h), taken from BS 7671.
ratings, up to 500 mA. These must be clearly stated on the
Electrical Installation Certificate. 5.5.4 Main Equipotential Bonding Conductors must be installed
from the Main Earth Terminal to connect metallic service
5.4.11 Notwithstanding clauses 5.4.9 and 5.4.10, all Circuits from pipes and other Extraneous-Conductive-Parts at points
which portable Appliances may be used, or any outdoor closest to the entry of such parts to a Premises. See Guidance
equipment accessible to persons, must be provided with notes G4(c).
Earth Leakage Protection devices with a residual current
rating no greater than 30 mA. 5.5.5 In high risk areas, Supplementary Equipotential Bonding
must be provided so that the Touch Voltage between
Exposed-Conductive-Parts and Extraneous-Conductive-
Parts is kept to safe limits for the duration of an earth fault.

44 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 45
 [Note: high risk areas may include bathrooms, kitchens, [Note: examples include situations where cables pass through
laboratories, garages, confined spaces or other locations where walls containing steel frames, metal door frames, metallic floor
the normal resistance of the body is reduced or the consequence grids, suspended ceilings, etc.]
of an electric shock may lead to another accident, such as fall
from a height. For disconnection times greater than 0.4 seconds, 5.5.10 The sizing of Equipotential Bonding Conductors is given in
safe Touch Voltage limits may be taken as 50 V for dry conditions Appendix A5(j).
and 25 V for wet conditions.]
5.5.11 The point of connection of an Equipotential Bonding
5.5.6 The method for calculation of Touch Voltage between Conductor to any item must be labelled: SAFETY EARTH

Protection
Exposed-Conductive-Parts and Extraneous-Conductive- BONDING – DO NOT REMOVE, as illustrated in
Parts is illustrated in Guidance note G4(h). Appendix A5(d).
[Note: Clamps for Earthing and bonding shall be in accordance
5.5.7 Items requiring Equipotential Bonding may include metallic
with BS 951.]
pipes (particularly those connected to underground services
such as water supply), steel beams, water tanks, baths, sinks 5.6 Isolation and switching
5 and washbasins. An illustration of typical Equipotential 5
Bonding arrangements is given in Guidance note G4(c). 5.6.1 All Electrical Installations must be provided with a means
of safe isolation at the Electricity Intake, which must be
5.5.8 It is not necessary to provide Equipotential Bonding for lockable or otherwise provided with a means of preventing
standalone metallic items which: interference (e.g. by the removal of operating handles into
the safe custody of a responsible person).
(a) do not pose any risk of providing a conductive path
to Earth (are isolated from Earth); 5.6.2 An Electrical Installation must be further sectionalised by
(b) do not pose any risk of providing a conductive path to means of isolation at the origin of each Circuit, in order to
any other Earthed part of the Electrical Installation; provide ease of access for safe working.

(c) do not pose any risk of becoming live as a result 5.6.3 All mechanical equipment should be provided with a
of an electrical fault in the Electrical Installation means of isolation close to the equipment which can be
(i.e. are sufficiently remote from any Circuit or locked and kept under the control of the person performing
Appliance); or maintenance. This isolation must be effective on all phases
(d) are out of reach of any person. and neutral of the supply, must be clearly marked and must
be located in an easily accessible position, see Guidance
[Note: such items may include metal doors, window frames, note G9.
handrails, inaccessible structural beams, small metallic fixings
such as screws and brackets.]
5.6.4 Water heaters, air-conditioning units, fan-coil units, motors
and other similar items must be provided with double pole
5.5.9 Where Circuit conductors are installed close to or within
isolation (or 4 pole isolation for 3-phase items) to ensure safe
items of metalwork (such as mentioned in clause 5.5.7)
access for the purpose of maintenance and repair.
consideration must be given to provide additional protection
or double insulation of such conductors.

46 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 47
 [Note: double-pole isolation may be provided by a plug and 5.7.2 The application of paints, resins, varnishes and similar
socket-outlet arrangement.] materials is not considered to satisfy the requirements of
clause 5.7.1 and additional insulation, barriers or obstacles
5.6.5 All socket-outlets, flex outlets or other connection point to an are required to prevent Direct Contact by any person.
Appliance or other electrical equipment must be provided
[Note: an example may be a motor winding which is enamelled
with a switch as a means of isolation. Such switches must be
or resin coated and therefore must be guarded against Direct
provided with a neon indicator where it is desirable to have Contact by persons.]
a visual indication of the presence or absence of power (e.g.
fridge, gas or smoke alarm, and water heater). 5.7.3 Live conductors are required to be inaccessible without the

Protection
use of a special key or tool, available only to authorised
5.6.6 In addition to the above, emergency switching (e.g. push-button persons and only for the purpose of testing, using special
switch) must be provided for moving machinery which may equipment and procedures.
require immediate switch off from the supply in the case of an
accident or other situation to avoid Danger. Such equipment 5.7.4 Uninsulated equipment may be used at voltages not
may include large motors, ventilation equipment, industrial 5
5 exceeding 12 V a.c. or 30 V d.c. and only where supplied
machinery, etc. Emergency push switches, must be clearly by a SELV source, see Regulation 9.1.
marked and must be located in an easily accessible position,
see Guidance note G9. 5.7.5 The insulation resistance of Circuit conductors must be
measured and recorded as part of the test procedures given
5.6.7 Emergency switches must be designed so that their operation in Chapter 8 and must be greater than the values given in
retains the switch in the off position until it is intentionally Appendix A19(f).
unlocked or reset. The release of the emergency switch
must not automatically restart the related Appliance or 5.7.6 Where an Electrical Installation is supplied by underground
machinery. cables, no special provisions are required for protection
against over-voltages arising from atmospheric origin
5.6.8 Functional switching devices required for control or or from switching. Where an Electrical Installation is
operation of equipment and not for safety reasons need not supplied by overhead lines, advice should be sought
comply with the requirements of clauses 5.6.1 to 5.6.7. from the Distribution Company or the requirements of
BS 7671 – Chapter 44 may be used.
5.6.9 Semiconductor devices cannot be used as a means of
isolation for safety.

5.7 Insulation

5.7.1 All Electrical Installations must be sufficiently insulated

to protect against electric shock from Direct Contact by
any person (clause 5.3.1). Such insulation must be capable
of withstanding wear and tear during normal use of the
equipment. Supplementary insulation or ‘double insulation’
may be used where additional robustness is required.

48 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 49
 Earthing 6
6.1 General principles

6.1.1 Earthing of Exposed-Conductive-Parts of an Electrical

Installation and of Appliances in a Premises is required and
must provide the following functions of safety:

(a) allow the passage of fault current in the event of a

live conductor touching an Exposed-Conductive-
Part;
(b) ensure that the magnitude of fault current is
sufficient to operate Protective Devices within 0.4
seconds for all parts of an Electrical Installation;
and
(c) ensure that, in association with Protective Devices,
a ‘high resistance’ fault to Earth does not persist so
as to cause overheating or fire.

6.1.2 The necessary requirements to achieve the above functions

of safety are detailed in the following sections.

6.2 Systems of Earthing

6.2.1 The following types of system Earthing are considered in

these Regulations:

(a) Locally Earthed System (TT): the Owner provides

a Main Earth Terminal for the Electrical Installation,
which is connected to a sufficient number of local
Earth Electrodes to provide a maximum Earth
Resistance measured at the Owner’s Main Earth
Terminal no greater than 10 Ohms (referred to in
BS 7671 as a ‘TT’ system); and

50 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 51
 (b) Distribution Company Earthed System (TN-S): 6.3.3 A means of removing the connection to the Locally Earthed
the Distribution Company provides a connection System (TT) and the connection to the Distribution
to the Owner’s Main Earth Terminal, using the Company’s Earthed System (TN-S) (such as by a removable
distribution network Earthing system, normally via metal link) must be provided at the Main Earth Terminal
the armouring or metallic sheath of the incoming to facilitate testing of the Earthing conductivity within
connection cable (referred to in BS 7671 as a TN-S the Electrical Installation and the Locally Earthed System
system). The Distribution Company system is (TT), see Appendix A5(e).
Earthed at the distribution transformer and separate
Earth and neutral conductors are used throughout 6.3.4 The Earth Resistance of the Locally Earthed System (TT)
the distribution network. measured at the MET must be recorded on the Electrical
[Note: these types of Earthing systems are illustrated in Appendix Installation Certificate in accordance with the procedures
A5(a) – A5(c). Earth Resistance values of less than 10 Ohms may described in Chapter 8. Methods of measuring Earth
be specified by the designer for purposes such as Functional Resistance are shown in Appendix A19(a).

Earthing
Earthing or for specialist installations such as petrol stations,
telecommunications sites, etc.]
6.4 Earth Electrodes
6.2.2 The Earthing system to be used in Abu Dhabi Emirate is a
6.4.1 A Locally Earthed System (TT) must be provided at all
combination of both TN-S and TT. The use of any other
6 system of Earthing must be approved by the Distribution
Premises. 6
Company. The type of Earthing system must be stated on
6.4.2 For Premises consisting of more than one building, a Locally
the Electrical Installation Certificate and clearly labelled at
Earthed System (TT) must be provided at each building that
the Main Distribution Board.
is at a distance of more than 30 m from the Electricity Intake.
6.2.3 In all cases, the neutral and Earth Conductors must be kept
6.4.3 Earth Electrodes will normally comprise of 15 mm diameter
separate and not connected together at the MET or at any
steel-cored copper rods driven to a minimum depth of 3 m.
other point downstream from the Owner’s Connection Point.
The top of each Earth Electrode must be housed inside a
300 mm x 300 mm x 300 mm inspection pit which is clearly
6.3 Main Earth Terminal labelled and accessible for routine testing, see Appendix
A5(d). Alternative types of Earth Electrodes may be used
6.3.1 The Owner’s Electrical Installation must include a Main with prior approval of the Distribution Company (e.g. plate
Earth Terminal located close to or within the Main or wire mesh type, or structural steelwork in a building).
Distribution Board and must be clearly labelled.
6.4.4 Where more than one Earth Electrode is required to achieve
6.3.2 The Locally Earthed System (TT) and the Distribution Company the required Earth Resistance value, these must be separated
Earthed System (TN-S) shall be connected to the MET. at a distance greater than their mutual resistance zone.
[Note: a minimum separation of twice the Earth Electrode
depth is considered to give adequate separation of the mutual
resistance zones. See BS 7430 for further advice on spacing of
Earth Electrodes.]

52 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 53
 6.4.5 The condition of the ground in which an Earth Electrode 6.5 Earth Conductors
is placed must be taken into account to ensure its long-term
performance. In particular, potential corrosion effects and 6.5.1 In these Regulations the following terminology is used to
ground moisture content is of critical importance. Proprietary refer to Earth Conductors in an Electrical Installation, see
chemical or salt materials may be used around the Earth illustration in Appendix A5(f):
Electrode to maintain moisture content but these must be
stable and sustain their chemical properties over time. (a) Main Earth Conductors (MEC): conductors
[Note: consideration to be given to the use of stainless steel rods connected between Earth Electrodes and Main
in coastal regions.] Earth Terminals; and
(b) Circuit Earth Conductors (CEC): conductors
6.4.6 For supplies of 500 A rating and above, at least two connecting all Circuits emanating from Main
independent Earth Electrodes must be provided, regardless Distribution Boards, Sub Main Distribution
of the Earth Resistance value achieved for each Earth Boards, Final Distribution Boards including

Earthing
Electrode, and connected to the same Main Earth Terminal, Circuits connecting to equipment and Appliances.
see Appendix A5(k). Outside these Regulations, these may also be
known as the Circuit Protective Conductor (CPC)
6.4.7 Metallic service pipes (such as water, gas, etc) must not be or Earth Continuity Conductor (ECC).
6 used as Earth Electrodes. 6
6.5.2 All Earth Conductors must be covered with green/
6.4.8 The use of structural foundations or piles as an Earth yellow PVC insulation and be securely terminated with
Electrode shall be in accordance with the requirement of purpose- made lugs or fixings.
BS 7430 and be subjected to all of the following conditions:
6.5.3 Where associated with Circuits, all Earth Conductors
(a) adequate precautions against the possibility of must be labelled at their termination points with Circuit
electrolysis and consequential degradation of the identification numbers, see Guidance note G7(f).
metal (e.g. corrosion, continuous d.c. earth leakage
current); 6.5.4 The connection of Earth Conductors to Earth Electrodes
(b) electrical continuity between all metalwork must be made using corrosion resistant clamps.
forming part of the Earth Electrode is maintained
(e.g. welding, clamping or bonding links across 6.5.5 Where Earth Conductors are buried below ground they
structural joints); must be mechanically protected (e.g. in metal duct or pipe)
and, where necessary, with additional tiles or plates laid
(c) provision for measuring and monitoring the Earth above the duct or pipe, see Appendix A5(d) and Guidance
Resistance value at regular intervals;
note G6.
(d) prior approval of the design by the Distribution
Company; 6.5.6 The connection of Earth Conductors to the Main Earth
(e) the consent of the Owner of the Premises; and Terminal must be made using purpose-made lugs or other
fixings and the connection must be clearly labelled as shown
(f) the consent of the Premises structural engineer. in Appendix A5(d).

54 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 55
 6.5.7 All Circuits must have a Circuit Earth Conductor sized in 6.6.2 Exceptions to clause 6.6.1 may include internal parts of
accordance with Appendix A5(j). equipment or Appliances which cannot be accessed without
first disconnecting the electricity supply.
6.5.8 Circuit Earth Conductors must run alongside the associated
phase and neutral conductors. 6.6.3 Class I Appliances having Exposed-Conductive-Parts
[Note: this minimises the risk of a Circuit Earth Conductor being
must be provided with a suitable connection point or plug
damaged or disconnected without any damage or fault indication and socket arrangement which includes connection to
being detected via the phase conductors.] the Circuit Earth Conductor. Class II Appliances do not
require an Earth connection, see illustrations in Appendix
6.5.9 For metal-sheathed or armoured cables, the sheath or A18(a) and A18(b).
armouring shall not be used as the Earth Conductor.
However, the metal sheath or armouring shall be terminated 6.6.4 All connection points in an Electrical Installation must
by suitable cable glands with appropriate connection to an include an Earth Conductor for future use.

Earthing
Earth Conductor providing a supplementary return path, [Note: an example would be a plastic light switch which does
see Guidance note G7(i). not require a Circuit Earth Conductor but one must be provided
in any case for the protection of the Circuit and future use – see
6.5.10 The use of metal conduit, trunking, busbar trunking or Guidance note G7(d).]
6 switchgear metal enclosures as Earth Conductors is not 6
permitted without the prior approval of the Distribution 6.6.5 Items within an Electrical Installation where it is mandatory
Company. In such cases, the provision of additional measures for a connection to be made to an Earth Conductor are
such as resistance measurements or supplementary Earth listed in Appendix A5(l).
Conductors will normally be required.
[Note: metal conduit, although not to be used as an Earth 6.7 Earth Fault Loop Impedance
Conductor, must nevertheless be effectively connected to Earth
since it comprises an Exposed-Conductive-Part. See Guidance 6.7.1 The Earth Fault Loop Impedance (Zs) is defined as the total
note G7(j).] impedance presented to an earth fault current, comprising
the impedance of the following parts of a system, illustrated
6.5.11 No switches, isolators or circuit-breakers may be installed in in Appendix A5(g):
the electrical path of any Earth Conductor. Removable links
may be installed to allow testing at the Main Earth Terminal.
(a) the Circuit Earth Conductor (including the
Appliance Earth Conductor);
6.6 Exposed-Conductive-Parts (b) the Main Earth Terminal;

6.6.1 All Exposed-Conductive-Parts of an Electrical Installation, (c) the Main Earth Conductors connecting to local
including Appliances, must be connected to Earth via Earth Electrodes (TT system) and the Distribution
Company Earth (TN-S system);
Earth Conductors in accordance with the requirements of
Regulation 6.5. (d) the path of earth fault current through the general
mass of Earth, and through the Earth sheath or

56 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 57
 armouring of the Distribution Company cable; [Note: a risk assessment evaluating the full requirements of
lightning protection systems including the impact on electrical
(e) in the case of a Locally Earthed System (TT system),
and electronic systems (e.g. surge protective devices) is to be
the neutral Earth connection at the Distribution
carried out by the designer of the Electrical Installation.]
Company transformer;
(f) the distribution transformer winding; and 6.8.4 The use of structural steel in place of, or in connection
(g) the phase conductors of the Circuit back to the with, lightning down conductors is not permitted unless
point of fault. approved by the Distribution Company. Where such
approval is given, provision must be made for regular testing
of the structural Earth system from roof level to ground
6.7.2 All Electrical Installations must be designed and tested
(e.g. via a separate test cable installed through the building).
such that the Earth Fault Loop Impedance at any point in
Structural foundations or piles may be used as lightning
the Electrical Installation is of a sufficient value to operate
Earth Electrodes if sufficiently separated from the Main
Protective Devices within 0.4 seconds.

Earthing
Earth Electrodes and where inspection/ testing points are
[Note: this requirement is important for parts of Electrical provided for future maintenance. See Guidance note G10.
Installations where protection against Indirect Contact is
provided by Earthed Equipotential Bonding, see Regulation 5.5.]
6.9 Functional Earthing and high leakage currents
6 6.7.3 The maximum Earth Fault Loop Impedance values 6
required to meet the disconnection times in clause 6.7.2 for 6.9.1 Functional Earth Conductors may be required for purposes
MCB devices are given in Appendix A5(h). such as, but not limited to, radio frequency noise reduction,
filters for computers and other equipment with high earth
6.7.4 The method for testing Earth Fault Loop Impedance leakage currents.
(including the external Earth Fault Loop Impedance) is
given in Appendix A19(b) and A19(c). 6.9.2 Functional Earth Conductors must be separate from other
parts of the Electrical Installation Earthing system, except
at their connection to the Electrical Installation Earth
6.8 Lightning protection via terminals at Main Distribution Board or Sub Main
Distribution Board or Final Distribution Board where a
6.8.1 Lightning protection systems must be designed, constructed suitable label must be provided, see Appendix A5(f).
and maintained in accordance with BS EN 62305.
6.9.3 Equipment which produces high earth leakage currents
6.8.2 Where practicable, a minimum distance of 7 m must be (above 10 mA) may be provided with a Functional Earth
provided between lightning protection Earth Electrodes and in any case must be provided with duplicate Circuit
and the Electrical Installation Earth Electrodes. Earth Conductors to the Main Earth Terminal. Such
equipment must remain connected to Earth at all times to
6.8.3 Surge protective devices must be used at the Connection avoid the risk of electric shock from Exposed-Conductive-
Point for Premises with a lightning protection system. These Parts of the equipment.
shall be installed typically at the Main Distribution Board.
See Guidance note G10.

58 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 59
 Selection of components
and installation requirements 7
[Note: metallic conduit may be considered as one of the duplicate 7.1 Plugs, socket-outlets and flex outlets
Earth Conductors required for high leakage equipment.
Alternatively, Circuit Earth Conductors in a Ring Circuit are also 7.1.1 For domestic Electrical Installations, all single-phase plugs
accepted as providing a duplicate Earth path. This requirement and socket-outlets must comply with BS 1363 and be fitted
safeguards against electric shock due to Indirect Contact if only with a switch. The use of any other type of single-phase
one Circuit Earth was provided and was damaged or broken.] plugs and sockets-outlets, such as BS 546 (3 round pins) is
not permitted.
[Note: BS 1363 requires plugs to have partly insulated live and
neutral pins and include a fuse complying with BS 1362. Socket-
outlets are required to have tamper-proof shutters on the live,
neutral and Earth connections.]

7.1.2 For single-phase applications in non-domestic Electrical

Installations either BS 1363 or BS 546 type plugs and
socket-outlets are permitted. However, BS 546 plugs and
socket-outlets must be restricted to specialist applications
such as high load Appliances (BS 546 15 A plug) or where
6 it is desirable not to intermix certain Appliances, see
Appendix A17(a).
[Note: examples of the use of BS 546 plugs include table lamps in
hotel rooms which are switched from a dedicated lighting Circuit
(3 A or 5 A) or self-contained air-conditioning units (15 A). In the
latter case, 15 A BS 546 socket-outlets must be supplied from a
dedicated Radial Circuit.]

7.1.3 The use of ‘Shuko’ CEE7/7 2-pin type plugs is strictly

prohibited. The use of ‘Euro’ CEE7/16 plugs is permitted
only where used with an approved adaptor converting
such plugs for use on BS 1363 type socket-outlets, see
Appendix A17(a).
[Note: adaptors must be certified by a recognised approvals
authority.]

7.1.4 An allowable exception to clause 7.1.1 is the use of

shaver supply units in bathrooms, complying with
BS EN 61558-2-5. For these types of socket-outlet, which
are supplied by a safety isolating transformer, 2-pin
unearthed type plugs may be used. See Appendix A17(c).

60 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 61
 7.1.5 No socket-outlets shall be installed in a bathroom except for 7.1.13 Three-phase socket-outlets must be connected on individual
a socket-outlet complying with BS EN 61558-2-5 (shaver Radial Circuits.
socket-outlet including a safety isolating transformer).
7.1.14 For outdoor, damp or wet areas (e.g. water pump rooms,
7.1.6 Three-phase and industrial plugs and socket-outlets must outdoor water coolers and drinking fountains) socket-
comply with BS EN 60309, see Appendix A17(b). The rating outlets must be of the weather protected type (IP55) and
of three-phase socket-outlets must be selected according to incorporate a 30 mA RCD, see Guidance note G7(c).
the load of the Appliance or equipment to be connected.

and installation requirements

[Note: where a number of outdoor socket-outlets are installed in
[Note: BS EN 60309 plugs and socket-outlets are not fused and close proximity, the above requirement may be met by one RCD
are not shuttered and therefore must not be used in any domestic device serving the group of outlets, provided that the RCD device

Selection of components
application.] is readily accessible and visible to persons using the socket-
outlets and is clearly labelled.]
7.1.7 Socket-outlets for normal use must be positioned at a standard
height of 300 mm or 450 mm above floor level or 100 mm 7.1.15 Flex-outlets (with switch and fuse) complying with BS 1363
above work surfaces, see Appendix A16. Where required, may be used in place of socket-outlets for fixed Appliances,
low level or skirting height may be used (e.g. in offices) at see Guidance note G7(m).
a minimum of 100 mm above the floor level, and where
adequate precautions are taken against damage. Access for
limited ability persons must be given due consideration in
7.2 Switches and isolators
such cases (e.g. alternative socket-outlets provided).
7.2.1 All switches provided for local isolation of Appliances
7 7.1.8 Floor socket-outlets may be used where there is no undue
and equipment (including lighting) must comply with 7
BS EN 60669. The rating of switches must be selected based
risk of water ingress or flooding and which are designed to
on the expected load, taking into account any capacitive or
relevant international standards.
inductive effects.
7.1.9 Socket-outlets in kitchens must be positioned at least 1 m
7.2.2 For outdoor locations, damp or wet areas, weather-protected
away from sources of water (e.g. sinks, basins, filter units,
switches must be used (BS EN 60669).
supply taps).
7.2.3 Wall-mounted switches must not be installed in bathrooms,
7.1.10 The minimum number of socket-outlets for domestic
shower rooms or other locations where normal body
Electrical Installations is given in Appendix A15.
resistance is reduced due to the presence of water. In such
locations, ceiling mounted cord-pull switches may be used
7.1.11 All socket-outlets in one room or service area shall be
or wall-mounted switches may be used outside the room.
connected to the same phase.
Wall-mounted switches may be used in kitchens but at least
2 m from a sink or other source of water.
7.1.12 The maximum number of single-phase socket-outlets on
each Ring or Radial Circuit shall be determined according
7.2.4 For areas with higher-than-normal risk of fire or explosion,
to the anticipated load and usage of Appliances. The
gas-sealed switches must be used (BS EN 60079). For
assumed loads given in Guidance note G2 may be used in
example, in gas storage areas, battery rooms, etc.
the absence of other loading information.

62 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 63
 7.2.5 The normal mounting height for switches shall be 1.3 m 7.3.2 The rating of lighting Circuits shall be selected in
from floor level. Other mounting heights may be used accordance with the number of connection points to be
where there is a specific need, such as, but not limited to, supplied, the type and rating of Luminaires to be used and
the prevention of access by children or the requirement for the Connected Load for the Circuit. A standard method of
access by disabled persons. calculating Connected Load is given in Guidance note G2.

7.2.6 Switches with neon indicators must be provided for 7.3.3 Lighting Circuits supplying small Edison screw (SES) or
Appliances such as water heaters, air conditioning units, small bayonet cap (SBC) fittings must be supplied from

and installation requirements

cookers, fridges and freezers, where a visual indication of Protective Devices of nominal current rating no greater
the presence of power is desirable. than 6 A.

Selection of components
[Note: where these lamps are used in high numbers, eg. in
7.2.7 Double-pole switches must be provided for water heaters, chandeliers, the Protective Device current rating may be greater
air-conditioning units and other fixed Appliances operating than 6A.]
with or near water supplies.
7.3.4 Switching of Circuits containing discharge lighting or
7.2.8 Cooker control units (isolators) for domestic Electrical other lighting with high inductance may require special
Installations must comply with BS 4177. The use of consideration due to high switching voltages that may
cooker control units with an integral 3-pin socket-outlet occur. In order to accommodate the switching voltage in
is prohibited except where the Final Circuit supplying the discharge lighting Circuits, the rating of the switch shall be
cooker control unit is protected by a RCD with a residual suited to the conditions expected and shall not be less than
current rating of 30 mA, in accordance with clause 5.4.8. twice the load current.
7 [Note: in addition to the above restriction, it is considered 7
undesirable to use cooker control units with integral socket- 7.3.5 The design and construction of lighting signs used for
outlets where there is a risk of Appliances or flexible cables publicity, decorative and general purposes (such as neon
supplied by the socket-outlet being damaged by heat from the signs) must comply with BS 559. High voltage discharge
cooker.] lighting is to be provided with an emergency isolation
switch which must be clearly marked and located in an
7.2.9 Flexible cables from switches or isolators to fixed Appliances easily accessible position.
(such as water heaters, cookers, etc) must be adequately
[Note: such switches may be marked “Fireman’s Switch for Neon
rated and securely fixed with a purpose-made flex outlet
Sign” or similar wording.]
plate (which may be integral with or separate from the
switch or isolator unit), see Guidance note G7(m).
7.3.6 The connection of mains-operated clocks to lighting Circuits
other than through a clock connector unit is prohibited.
7.3 Lighting
7.3.7 All Luminaires must be connected to Final Circuits using
7.3.1 Lighting Circuits will normally be fed from 6 A, 10 A or 16 A a ceiling rose or other purpose made connection point and
MCBs from a Final Distribution Board. not directly to such Circuits. Where cables are run within
Luminaires, they shall be of the heat resistant type, or
protected by heat resistant sleeving. See Guidance notes
G7(b) and G8.

64 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 65
 7.3.8 Lighting Circuits in false ceilings or voids must be installed 7.4 Conduit, trunking and Cable Trays
in conduits or trunking in compliance with clauses 7.5.12
and 7.5.13. However, short lengths (less than 3 m) of 7.4.1 All plastic conduits and trunking must comply with
flexible or insulated and sheathed cables may be provided BS 4607 and be suitable for the ambient conditions expected.
between a lighting connection point or ceiling rose and
a Luminaire, provided that provision is made for future 7.4.2 All metal conduits and trunking must comply with either
access and maintenance. In addition, the use of purpose BS 4568, BS EN 60423 or BS EN 61386-21. Cable Tray
made plug and socket connection systems for Luminaires must comply with BS EN 61537.

and installation requirements

is not precluded, provided that approval is sought from the
Distribution Company. See Guidance notes G7(h) and G8. 7.4.3 Flexible conduits must be of metal construction, PVC

Selection of components
covered and comply with BS EN 61386-23. Flexible conduit
7.3.9 Luminaires and other light fittings must be installed with may be of plastic construction only in indoor locations,
due consideration to the weight taken by fixings and where damage is unlikely.
supports, and the need for adequate ventilation and heat
dissipation. 7.4.4 Metal conduits, trunking or Cable Tray may not, on their
own, be used as Circuit Earth Conductors; separate Circuit
7.3.10 Heat resistant cables and flexible cords should be used Earth Conductors must be run inside the conduits, trunking
for the connection of high temperature Luminaires. See or Cable Tray, see also clause 6.5.10. This does not obviate the
Guidance notes G7(b) and G8. requirement to comply with clause 6.6.1 (i.e. metal conduits
are required to be Earthed), see Guidance note G7(j).
7.3.11 Where light switch boxes contain more than one phase (for
7 large groups of lighting) they must be labelled to indicate 7.4.5 Plastic conduits or trunking must not be used in situations 7
the presence of a 400 V supply, and suitable phase barriers subject to higher than normal temperatures or fire risk (e.g.
should be provided inside the box. near industrial machinery, generator rooms, workshops,
petrol stations, plant rooms, etc). Where a plastic conduit is
7.3.12 Outdoor lighting should be of suitable weatherproof installed outdoors, it should be suitable for exposure to solar
construction with appropriate connection points and radiation.
fittings, see also Regulation 9 and Guidance notes G8.
7.4.6 Where a plastic conduit is installed within a wall, floor or ceiling
7.3.13 Underwater lighting must be supplied by a Separated it must be at a minimum depth of 50 mm from the surface. If
Extra-Low Voltage System (SELV) not exceeding 12 V a.c. it is installed at a shallower depth not less than 25 mm from
or 30 V d.c. the surface, then a metal conduit must be used, and the
Circuits contained in the conduit must be protected by a
7.3.14 Emergency light fittings must comply with BS 5266 and 30mA RCD. See Guidance note G7(e).
shall be provided with a battery of minimum 3 hours rating.
7.4.7 Conduits, trunking and Cable Tray must be installed so as
to provide ease of access to cable Circuits throughout the
route. Sufficient inspection plates and pulling points must
be provided to enable inspection, repair and drawing out of
cables throughout the life of the Electrical Installation.

66 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 67
 7.4.8 The ends of conduits, trunking and Cable Tray shall be 7.4.17 Category 3 Circuits (fire and emergency lighting) may
provided with bushes or other finished ends such that cables not be installed in the same conduit or trunking as
do not sustain damage during installation or throughout the Category 1 (mains supplied) Circuits or Category 2
life of the Electrical Installation, and must be suitably sealed (telecommunications) Circuits unless suitable segregation
against the ingress of water. Where such bushes or ends are is provided.
not provided, any sharp angles, burrs or projections must
be removed. All exposed steel edges and threads should 7.4.18 Category 1 and Category 2 Circuits may only be installed
be painted with zinc-rich paint, see Guidance note G7(g). in the same conduit or trunking if the latter is insulated to

and installation requirements

Care must be taken not to leave sections of cable exposed at the level of Category 1 Circuits.
the ends of conduits or trunking. See Guidance note G7(a). [Note: trunking or conduit referred to in clauses 7.4.17 and

Selection of components
7.4.18 may be metallic or non-metallic.]
7.4.9 Plastic conduit boxes for Accessories shall be provided with
copper or brass Earth terminals. See Guidance note G7(d). 7.4.19 Under floor Cable Trunking shall be used only in areas
which are not susceptible to water ingress or flooding.
7.4.10 Single-insulated cables may not be installed in slotted Suitable junction boxes, flush service boxes and inspection
(perforated) trunking or Cable Trays. compartments shall be provided according to the design of
the under-floor trunking system.
7.4.11 The minimum internal radius of any bend or elbow fitting
in a conduit shall be 2.5 times the diameter of the conduit. 7.4.20 The maximum number of cables for typical sizes of
conduits and trunking are given in Appendix A9.
7.4.12 Elbow fittings of trunking may be in a 90º formation only
7 where the cover is removable so that cables may be installed [Note: the use of different Final Circuits in a common conduit or 7
without the need for pulling through. switch drops in shared conduits are not permitted]

7.4.13 Conduit shall be installed with a maximum of two 90º 7.4.21 Where a conduit or trunking is installed on the Distribution
bends or three 120º bends between inspection or pulling Company’s side of the Connection Point, these must
points. be provided with a means of locking or sealing against
unauthorised interference.
7.4.14 Cable Trunking and Cable Tray shall be run exposed or
otherwise accessible after installation, throughout its length, 7.5 Cables
for the purpose of removing or installing cables.
7.5.1 For fixed wiring within Premises, PVC, rubber or XLPE
7.4.15 Where Cable Trunking or a Cable Tray passes through walls, insulated cables with stranded copper conductors must
floors or other barriers, it shall be provided with a continuous be used, complying with the reference standards given in
cover and an internal fire barrier where fire separation is Appendix A3. Solid-core copper or aluminium conductor
specified for the Premises. See Guidance note G3(a). cables are not permitted.
7.4.16 Where trunking or Cable Tray is used for the combined 7.5.2 For locations subject to a higher than normal risk of
provision of power, telecommunications and other Circuits, interference or damage, armoured cables are recommended.
adequate segregation must be provided, together with
suitably sealed service boxes and connection boxes.

68 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 69
 7.5.3 For locations with higher than normal fire risk, either cables 7.5.10 The cross-section of cables must be selected according
must be installed in metal conduit or mineral-insulated- to the expected load, voltage drop, ambient temperature
copper-clad (MICC) complying with BS EN 60702 or and installation conditions using Appendix A7(a) - A7(h)
enhanced fire-resistance cables must be used. In addition, including appropriate grouping factors. The maximum
safety Circuits such as fire alarms, emergency lighting and Voltage drop from the Connection Point to the remote end
control Circuits, which are required to remain operational of any Final Circuit must not exceed 4%, except in special
in the event of a fire, must be installed in metal conduits or cases where equipment has been designed to operate under
supplied by MICC cables. a greater voltage drop (such cases must be clearly stated

and installation requirements

[Note: enhanced fire-resistance cables should meet the PH 120
in the Electrical Installation design and approved by the
classification when tested in accordance with BS EN 50200 and Distribution Company).

Selection of components
the 120 minutes survival time when tested in accordance with BS [Note: the sizing of Final Circuits and Circuits feeding FDBs
8434-2.] must be in accordance with the Connected Load. Other Circuits
may be sized in accordance with the Diversified Load, with
7.5.4 The location and selection of cables must take into allowance made for future load growth where appropriate. See
consideration any special requirements for the prevention of clause 7.6.1, 7.7.7 and Guidance note G2.]
spread of fire. Fire barriers, low smoke insulation or other
measures may be required (relevant building regulations 7.5.11 The use of single-core armoured cables should be avoided
should be referenced). due to the possibility of induced heating effects. However,
such cables may be used where there is an exceptional need,
7.5.5 General-purpose flexible cables and cords for Appliances with the written consent of the Distribution Company
must be PVC insulated, with a PVC oversheath, stranded and where adequate precautions are taken to avoid
7 copper conductors, and comply with BS EN 50525. induced heating effects. Such precautions must include the 7
appropriate configuration of phases to balance induced
7.5.6 Cables for high-temperature Appliances (e.g. electric currents, Earthing at one end only and the use of non-
heaters, irons, pendant lighting, connections within ferromagnetic armouring, cable glands, and switchgear
Luminaires) must be heat resistant rubber or PVC insulated, gland plates, see Guidance note G7(l).
with oversheath, stranded copper conductors, and comply
with BS EN 50525. 7.5.12 Other than as allowed under clause 7.5.15, all cables that
are not armoured, or that do not have a metallic sheath
7.5.7 Cables under repetitive mechanical strain (e.g. lifts, heavy or screen, must be installed in plastic or metal conduits or
outdoor machinery, etc) must comply with BS EN 50214. trunking throughout their entire length.

7.5.8 Where cables are installed underground, they must be 7.5.13 Cables running through inaccessible areas such as walls,
installed so as to protect against mechanical damage and floors and solid ceilings shall be installed, without exception,
enable future removal, see Guidance note G6. in conduits or trunking so as to be withdrawable in the
future. In such cases, suitable inspection plates and pulling
7.5.9 Cables for meter tails (at 230 V) shall be single-core, PVC out points must be provided.
insulated, with oversheath, and comply with BS EN 50525.
7.5.14 Non-sheathed cables must not be installed in concrete ducts.

70 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 71
 7.5.15 Exceptions to clause 7.5.12 may be allowed only for [Note: although a lift shaft may be a convenient means of providing
insulated and sheathed or flexible cables which will remain a cable route through a building this creates unwarranted risk
accessible but in locations free from undue risk of damage when accessing such Circuits for maintenance and also provides
or interference (e.g. above-head height, or in unoccupied a vulnerable route for the propagation of fire.]
areas). Such cables must be securely supported by cable
clips, Cable Tray or other fixings at suitable intervals. 7.5.20 The colour identification for cables is given in Appendix A8.
[Note: although flexible cords must not be used as fixed wiring, [Note: although the identification colours for cables has recently

and installation requirements

this clause covers Appliance connection cables which should be been changed in European countries, a similar change is not
limited to 3 m in length where practicable. In addition, proprietary currently proposed for Abu Dhabi Emirate. For fixed wiring in an
plug and fit connection systems may be installed from a suitable Electrical Installation, the phase colours remain as red, yellow

Selection of components
connection point in the fixed wiring system, provided they are and blue whilst neutral remains as black. However, for flexible
suitably supported, mechanically protected, or otherwise located sheathed cables supplying single-phase Appliances, brown is
in areas where there is minimal risk of damage or interference. used for live and blue is used for neutral – see Appendix A8.]
See Guidance note G7(h).]

7.5.16 All cables must be installed between purpose-made

7.6 Final Circuits
termination points (switches, junction boxes, Distribution
7.6.1 The sizing of Final Circuits must be in accordance with the
Boards) and be terminated with purpose-made lugs, crimps,
Connected Load on each Circuit (see Guidance note G2),
screw or other connectors. Joints between such points are
whilst taking account of ambient temperature, grouping
strictly prohibited. Termination points and junction boxes
factors, power factor and voltage drop, see Appendices
must remain accessible to facilitate future inspection, repair
A7(a) - A7(h). 7
7 and alteration. See Guidance note G7(k).
[Note: terminations for MICC cables must be suitably sealed 7.6.2 Radial Circuits should be provided to large Appliances,
against the ingress of moisture.] particularly those in continuous or near continuous
operation, or those of importance for safety or other priority
7.5.17 Where cables are terminated at high-temperature Appliances, their functions within a Premises. Examples include main water
insulation must be suitable for the expected operating temperature pumps, air conditioning units, water heaters, room heating,
or, where necessary, shall be protected by heat-resistant material. fire or intruder alarms, cookers and ovens.
See Guidances notes G7(b) and G8.
7.6.3 Ring Circuits should be provided to areas within a
7.5.18 Armoured cables must be terminated using suitable cable Premises which can be most economically served by several
glands which incorporate a suitably rated Earth tag or Appliances sharing the same cable feed, arranged in a loop,
other purpose-made connection to the armouring of the from one circuit-breaker on the Final Distribution Board.
cable and to the metallic sheath if present. See Guidance This is particularly suitable where Appliances are expected
note G7(i). to operate at diverse times of the day. Ring Circuits would
typically be installed in bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens
7.5.19 Cables must not be installed in lift shafts other than those (except major Appliances such as cookers), partitioned
serving lift functions. office areas, etc.

72 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 73
 7.6.4 The number of Radial Circuits and Ring Circuits installed 7.7.6 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers shall have neutral
in a Premises shall take into consideration future accessibility, conductors of equal size to the phase conductors and shall
maintainability, and safety of the system, whilst limiting the have a dedicated Earth Conductor. The use of the metal
extent of power outage to serviced areas. casing as an Earth Conductor is permitted only with the
prior approval of the Distribution Company.
7.6.5 Circuits supplying a kitchen must not be used to supply [Note: aluminium metal casings should be used in preference to
any other area. However, ceiling lighting Circuits from a steel due to the risk of corrosion and high resistance joints. In
kitchen may be common to other areas.

and installation requirements

either case, the sizing of such conductors must meet the values
equivalent to copper conductors given in Appendix A5(j).]
7.6.6 For domestic Premises, all Circuits supplying one room

Selection of components
must be on the same phase, other than for kitchens and for 7.7.7 The current rating of busways, bus ducts and busbar risers
ceiling lighting. shall be based on the Diversified Load of the relevant part
of the Electrical Installation being supplied, with allowance
7.6.7 Typical layout for small power and lighting Circuits for made for future load growth where appropriate. Diversity
domestic Premises are shown in Appendix A14. factors must be justified and submitted with the design for
approval by the Distribution Company, see Regulation 3.2
7.7 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers and Guidance note G2.

7.7.1 Busways, bus ducts, busbar risers or other similar systems 7.7.8 Purpose made plug-in circuit-breaker units may be used
may be used in Premises for the supply of large loads where with busbar risers systems where they are mechanically
they provide a more economical or practical option than interlocked to prevent removal whilst energised. See
7 Guidance note G3(a). 7
cables.

7.7.2 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers shall comply with the 7.7.9 The number of busways, bus ducts or busbar risers required
relevant reference standards given in Appendix A3. for a high-rise building and the number of floors served by
each must be selected by taking due account of the future
7.7.3 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers shall be totally enclosed accessibility, maintainability and safety of the system, whilst
(non-perforated) for protection against mechanical damage, limiting the extent of power outage to serviced areas.
moisture, dust and other environmental effects. [Note: a typical arrangement may be to serve each 10 floors
of a 30 storey building by a separate bus riser; however, other
7.7.4 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers shall not be located arrangements are not precluded.]
in areas prone to mechanical damage or where they may
be exposed to hazardous materials, liquids or gases, unless
special precautions are taken. 7.8 Distribution Boards

7.7.5 Busways, bus ducts and busbar risers shall be located so 7.8.1 All Distribution Boards must be factory assembled, type-
that they are accessible for future maintenance and repair tested and comply with BS EN 61439.
throughout their length. They shall not be installed in
habitable areas such as flats, offices, shops, etc (a separate
riser shaft or room must be provided).

74 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 75
 7.8.2 Distribution Boards must be of robust construction, (b) one busbar section, with individual RCBOs fitted
capable of withstanding expected electrical, thermal, and on all Final Circuits (the incomer device may be
environmental stresses in normal service and during faults. a time-delayed RCD or an isolator switch where
adequate fault protection is provided by an
[Note: Final Distribution Boards, including the incoming cable,
upstream Protective Device); or
will normally be sized in accordance with the Connected Load of
the Circuits supplied; other Distribution Boards and Distribution (c) two or more FDBs installed together to serve an
Circuits may be sized in accordance with the Diversified Load, area, each having one busbar section protected by
a RCD of appropriate rating (e.g. one DB with an

and installation requirements

using appropriate diversity factors, and with allowance made for
future load growth where appropriate - see Guidance note G2.] incomer 100 mA or 30 mA RCD for lighting and
another DB with incomer 30 mA RCD for power

Selection of components
7.8.3 Apparatus forming part of the assembly of Distribution Circuits).
Boards shall have electrical isolation clearances sufficient to
[Note: either solid busbar or removable (‘comb’) busbar DB’s are
withstand normal Voltages, surge Voltages and creepages as acceptable (horizontal or vertical type) if factory assembled and
defined in BS EN 61439-1. where the manufacturer’s type tests are provided. Single phase
DBs up to 12 ways, serving a limited area, may be provided with
7.8.4 Each Distribution Board must have a neutral bar which is one busbar section, and one incomer RCD of appropriate rating,
mounted on insulators and which has a sufficient number e.g. hotel rooms, pump room, central air-conditioning room, etc.]
of terminal points of adequate size for the largest cable
expected to be used.
7.8.7 Other than for small 2-storey buildings, each floor of
7.8.5 Each Distribution Board must have an Earth bar which has a Premises shall be provided with at least one Final
7 a means of connection to the incoming Earth Conductor Distribution Board installed in an easily accessible location. 7
and cable gland of the incoming cable, see Appendices
A5(e) and A12(c). 7.8.8 The number of Final Distribution Boards and Sub
Distribution Boards provided in a Premises shall take into
7.8.6 All Final Distribution Boards must, be arranged so as to account the future accessibility, maintainability and safety
provide for at least two zones of Earth Leakage Protection of the system, whilst limiting the extent of possible power
(e.g. 100mA and 30mA or 30mA and 30mA) and to avoid outages to serviced areas.
complete disconnection of power to the area being served, [Note: to meet the above requirement Final Distribution Boards
in the event of an earth fault. This may be achieved by should be limited to a maximum capacity of 14 ways 3-phase (or
either of the following methods: 42 ways single phase) and Sub Main Distribution Boards should
be limited to 18 ways 3-phase.]
(a) two or more busbar sections, each protected by a
RCD; 7.8.9 Single-phase Distribution Boards may be permitted in a
Premises where adequate provision is made for balancing the
[Note: it is recommended that no more than 9 single total load at the Electricity Intake between the three phases.
phase Circuits are protected by an individual RCD.]
[Note: single-phase Distribution Boards would normally be used
for small load applications such as hotel rooms, garages or small
out buildings.]

76 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 77
 7.8.10 The phase and neutral busbars in all Distribution Boards 7.8.16 Distribution Boards shall not be installed in locations where
shall be identified by the colours given in Appendix A8. water is used (e.g. kitchens, bathrooms, pump rooms), within
2 m of any pipe or other source of water, or in difficult-to-
7.8.11 The phase and neutral conductors in all Distribution access positions (such as stairways).
Boards shall be of the same cross sectional area.
7.8.17 Distribution Boards and all electrical equipment installed
7.8.12 Neon indicators, voltmeters and ammeters must be provided outdoors must be corrosion resistant and give protection
for Distribution Boards rated at 400 A and above and, where against mechanical damage and a minimum ingress protection

and installation requirements

reasonably practicable, for other Distribution Boards. of IP55 unless otherwise specified in these Regulations.

Selection of components
[Note: where practicable, maximum demand meters and power
factor meters should also be provided. This can also be achieved 7.8.18 Distribution Boards must be provided with sufficient
by the use of a multifunctional meter. Consideration should be numbers of Protective Devices so as to enable every
given to the provision of sub-metering facilities that allow the outgoing Circuit to be connected to an individual Protective
energy performance of building to be recorded and monitored in Device and shall include not less than 10% spare Protective
accordance with the relevant UAE energy efficiency requirements.] Devices or blank positions.

7.8.13 All outgoing Circuits of Distribution Boards must be

7.9 LV switchboards
provided with only circuit-breakers (such as CBs, MCBs,
MCCBs, ACBs, RCDs, RCBOs) and shall not contain fuses
7.9.1 Where prefabricated Distribution Boards of sufficient
of any kind, except for capacitor banks. See Regulation 10.2.
rating are not available, LV switchboards, consisting of
[Note: the incoming device of a DB may be an isolator switch, cubicle panel switchgear, may be provided. LV switchboards
7 where adequate fault protection is provided by an upstream
7
must consist of type-tested assemblies which satisfy the
Protective Device.] requirements of BS EN 61439.

7.8.14 All Distribution Boards must be installed in locations easily 7.9.2 Switchboards must be located in a dedicated room to
accessible for inspection, operation and maintenance, provide for safe access and egress at all times, including
preferably at the entrance to the area they serve. Such during maintenance, repair and replacement work.
locations must be secured from unauthorised interference.
7.9.3 LV switchrooms must meet the requirements of Electricity
7.8.15 Distribution Boards of rating 200 A and above shall be Intake rooms listed in Regulation 4.2. Typical layouts and
installed in a dedicated room. Distribution Boards of rating minimum space requirements for LV switchrooms are given
below 200 A may be installed in a cupboard or other in Appendix A12(d) and A12(b).
suitable enclosure complying with clause 7.8.14 and clause
3.5.9. 7.9.4 Switchboards rated above 400 A must be provided with
[Note: Main Distribution Boards of rating 200 A and above must instruments for Voltage, current, maximum demand and
be located in an Electricity Intake room, see Appendix A12(b).] power factor measurement, as well as phase indicating
lamps.

78 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 79
 Inspection, testing
and certification 8
7.9.5 Where more than one incoming supply cable is provided at 8.1 Inspection and testing by the Licensed
the Electricity Intake, these must be connected to separate Contractor
switchboards (or separate sections of the same switchboard)
which have the facility for interconnection through a bus 8.1.1 Every new Electrical Installation shall, during installation
coupler circuit-breaker or switch. In order to prevent and on completion before being energised, be inspected
parallel connection of the incoming supply cables, the bus and tested by a Licensed Contractor who shall duly
coupler circuit-breaker or switch must be interlocked to complete the relevant test reports and submit these to the
prevent its closure when both incoming supply cables are Distribution Company (with the exception of tests that can
live. Bus switches and circuit-breakers must be capable only be carried out upon energising).
of closure onto a fault unless interlocked so as to only be
operated whilst dead. 8.1.2 Inspection and testing shall be recorded on the standard
forms shown in Appendices A20(b) – A20(d) and shall
7.9.6 All busbars in switchboards must be tinned copper and include the following tests:
rigidly supported throughout their length. The neutral
and Earth busbars must run throughout the length of the (a) continuity of Ring and Final Circuit conductors;
switchboard. The neutral busbar must be of the same cross-
sectional area as the phase busbars. (b) continuity of Earth Conductors including
Equipotential Bonding Conductors;
7.9.7 The main incoming circuit-breaker(s) must be clearly (c) insulation resistance;
marked and left unlocked to allow immediate operation in (d) protection against Direct Contact;
an emergency, see clause 4.3.2.
7 (e) protection against Indirect Contact;
(f) polarity of Circuits;
(g) Earth Fault Loop Impedance and Prospective Fault
Current measurements;
(h) Earth Electrode Resistance; and
(i) operation of Earth Leakage Protection devices.
[Note: see Appendices A19(a) to A19(g) for relevant test
procedures.]

8.1.3 The continuity test shall be carried out with an instrument

having a no-load voltage between 4 V and 24 V d.c or
a.c. and a short-circuit current not less than 200 mA, in
accordance with the procedure in Appendix A19(d).

8.1.4 The insulation resistance tests between live conductors and

between each live conductor and Earth shall be measured
with a test voltage of 500 V d.c, in accordance with the
procedure in Appendix A19(f).

80 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 81
 8.1.5 Every Electrical Installation shall be inspected and tested on
a periodic basis. The responsibility for periodic inspection (a) connection of conductors;
and testing of Electrical Installations lies with the Owner of
the Premises who shall request the services of a Licensed (b) identification of conductors and labelling of
equipment;
Contractor at the intervals shown in the table below. The
Owner must also ensure that any necessary rectification (c) routing of cables and their protection against
work is carried out. mechanical damage;
(d) cross-sectional area of conductors for current-
Internal External carrying capacity and Voltage drop;
Electrical Electrical
(e) connection of single-pole devices for protection or
Installation Installation
switching in phase conductors only;
Domestic 3 years 3 years (f) correct positioning and connection of Accessories
and equipment;
Non-domestic
2 years 1 year
(commercial, industrial, farms, etc) (g) presence of fire barriers and protection against
thermal effects;

Inspection, testing
Premises used by the public

and certification
(schools, hospitals, hotels, malls, 1 year 1 year (h) methods of protection against electric shock, both
parks, tents, mosques) Direct and Indirect Contact;

Special locations
(i) inspection of integrity of Main Earth Conductors
1 year 1 year and Earth Electrodes;
(construction sites, swimming
pools and fountains, street lighting) (j) presence and correct location of devices for
isolation; and
[Note: see clause 8.1.2 for the required tests.] (k) measurement of Earth Fault Loop Impedance.
8 8
8.1.6 Electrical Installations which were constructed before the 8.2.2 The Distribution Company may carry out intermediate
date of commencement of these Regulations (clause 1.1.2) inspection(s) prior to the final inspection mentioned in
shall be inspected and tested within the time indicated clause 8.2.1. This is to verify compliance of concealed parts
above, from the date of commencement. of the Electrical Installation (e.g. conduits, buried cables
and Earth Conductors).
8.2 Inspection and testing by the Distribution
Company 8.2.3 Internal checks and inspection shall be carried out on a
minimum of 10% sample of the Electrical Installation,
8.2.1 The Distribution Company shall verify on site the test relevant to the items listed under clause 8.2.1.
results for Earth Resistance at the Main Earth Terminal
and inspect or test other items as deemed appropriate,
including as a minimum:

82 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 83
 Special locations and systems 9
8.3 Electrical Installation Certificates 9.1 Separated Extra-Low Voltage

8.3.1 In order to verify compliance with these Regulations: 9.1.1 Separated Extra-Low Voltage (SELV) systems are used
where an inherently safe system of supply is required
(a) the Licensed Contractor and the designer of the such that a breakdown of primary insulation will not lead
Electrical Installation shall complete and sign an to the risk of electric shock. This is achieved by electrical
Electrical Installation Certificate in the format separation of the Final Circuit from the source of energy,
shown in Appendix A20(a); and typically using a safety isolating transformer, see illustration
in Appendix A18(c).
(b) the Licensed Contractor shall complete and sign
the inspection report, and installation testing report
in the format shown in Appendices A20(b), A20(c), 9.1.2 For a SELV system, the Final Circuit Voltage shall not
and A20(d) respectively. exceed “Extra-Low Voltage” i.e. 50 V a.c. or 120 V d.c.
between conductors or to Earth.
8.3.2 Two original copies of the Electrical Installation Certificate
9.1.3 The source of SELV power shall be provided by either:
and associated test results shall be provided; one to the Owner
of the Premises and one to the Distribution Company. An
additional copy must be affixed at the Main Distribution (a) a safety isolating transformer complying with
Board or Electricity Intake position, see Appendix A12(d). BS EN 61558, in which there is no connection
between the output winding and the body or with
the Circuit Earth Conductor, if any; or
8.3.3 After any extension or alteration to an Electrical Installation,
a Licensed Contractor is required to issue an amended (b) a battery source.
Electrical Installation Certificate, together with a copy of
the original certificate and stating the details of the work 9.1.4 All components of a SELV system (including conductors,
carried out; in addition to an amended inspection report, switches, relays, etc) shall be physically separated from
8 and installation testing report, see Regulations 3.2 and 3.3. those of any other live system.

9.1.5 No Exposed-Conductive-Part of a SELV system shall be

connected to any of the following:

(a) Earth;
(b) any Earthed conductive part of another system or
Extraneous-Conductive-Part; or
(c) an Earth Conductor of any system.

9.1.6 Insulation against Direct Contact of the conductive parts of

a SELV system is required if the operating Voltage exceeds
12 V a.c. or 30 V d.c. Insulation is not required if the
operating voltage is at or below these values.

84 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 85
 9.2 Protective Extra-Low Voltage (c) all Appliances, Luminaires and other Accessories
must have a minimum level of moisture ingress
9.2.1 A Protective Extra-Low Voltage (PELV) system is one where protection of IPX5;
the same provision for electrical separation is provided as for (d) Appliances, Luminaires or other Accessories may
SELV, i.e. between the source of energy and the Final Circuit. not be installed within Arm’s Reach of a bath,
However, in a PELV system the connection to Earth of Exposed- shower or similar facility. However, such items
Conductive-Parts is permitted. See Appendix A18(d). are permitted within the room containing a bath
or shower at a distance greater than Arm’s Reach
from the bath, provided that the requirements
9.3 Bathrooms and similar locations of clauses 9.3.2(a) to 9.3.2(c) above are complied
with. In addition, all switches associated with such
9.3.1 Special provisions are required for the protection against equipment must be installed outside the bathroom
electric shock of persons in locations containing a bath or or provided with a cord-pull switch; and
shower. Such provisions, as listed in the following clauses,
must also be applied in other similar situations where (e) Appliances, Luminaires or Accessories which are
persons are likely to be partly clothed and in contact with within Arm’s Reach of a bath, shower or similar
water, with or without footwear. facility must be supplied by SELV or PELV and
have a minimum level of ingress protection of
[Note: similar locations would include washrooms, toilets, wudu IPX5. Underwater lighting must be supplied by
areas in mosques, etc. The requirements for swimming pools are SELV at a maximum Voltage of 12 V a.c. or 30 V
listed in Regulation 9.4.] d.c. and with ingress protection IPX8.

Special locations
9.3.2 The following principal requirements must be met for [Note: items which are within a distance of Arm’s Reach but are

and systems
bathrooms and similar locations: inaccessible to persons need not comply with clause 9.3.2(e).
For example, water pumps installed under a bath which are not
accessible without removal of covers requiring a tool.]
(a) all Final Circuits (including lighting, water heater,
extract fan, etc) must be protected by a RCD of 9.3.3 The requirement for Earth Leakage Protection on Final
residual current rating 30 mA and complying with Circuits must be met, along with the requirements for
9 BS EN 61008. Such protection may be grouped Earthed Equipotential Bonding and Supplementary 9
across several Circuits at the Final Distribution Equipotential Bonding. See Guidance note G4(c).
Board. However, fan-coil units mounted in a ceiling
void in a bathroom may be provided with 100mA
RCD protection.
(b) no socket-outlets are permitted except those
supplied by an isolating transformer and complying
with BS EN 61558-2-5 (e.g. ‘shaver’ socket-outlet);

86 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 87
 9.4 Swimming pools (e) Appliances, Luminaires or Accessories which are
within Arm’s Reach of a swimming pool must be
9.4.1 The requirements for protection against electric shock for supplied by SELV or PELV and have a minimum
swimming pools are similar to those of bathrooms, with level of ingress protection of IPX7. Underwater
some exceptions, as follows: lighting must be supplied by SELV at a maximum
Voltage of 12 V a.c. or 30 V d.c. and with ingress
protection IPX8.
(a) all Final Circuits must be protected by a RCD of
residual current rating 30 mA and complying with
BS EN 61008. Such protection may be grouped 9.4.2 The requirement for Earth Leakage Protection on Final
across several Circuits at the Final Distribution Circuits must be met, along with the requirements for EEB
Board. Exceptions may be allowed for high leakage and Supplementary Equipotential Bonding.
current applications where RCD protection of
100 mA residual current rating may be allowed,
but only where such equipment is out of reach of 9.5 Water fountains
persons;
9.5.1 The requirements for protection against electric shock for
[Note: an example of Circuits where 30 mA RCD water fountains are similar to those required for swimming
protection may not be practical is floodlighting or large pools, with some exceptions, as follows:
water pumps. Such items must be out of reach of any
[Note: it is assumed that persons may enter a water fountain for
person using the swimming pool or any associated
the purpose of maintenance, or other reason, and the exposure
washing areas.]

Special locations
to electric shock is therefore similar to that of swimming pools.]
(b) no socket-outlets are permitted within Arm’s

and systems
Reach of a swimming pool. Socket-outlets may be (a) all Final Circuits must be protected by a RCD of
provided outside this distance for purposes such as residual current rating 30 mA and complying with
cleaning of the pool, which must have a minimum BS EN 61008. Such protection may be grouped
ingress protection of IPX6 and must have an across several Circuits at the Final Distribution
integral RCD of residual current rating 30 mA, see Board. Exceptions may be allowed for high leakage
Guidance note G7(c); current applications where RCD protection of
9 (c) all Appliances, Luminaries and other Accessories 100 mA residual current rating may be allowed, but 9
must have a minimum level of moisture ingress only where such equipment is out of reach of any
protection of IPX5; person;
(d) no Appliances, Luminaires or other Accessories [Note: an example of Circuits where 30 mA RCD
may be installed within Arm’s Reach of a swimming protection may not be practical is floodlighting or large
pool. However, such items are permitted within the water pumps. Such items must be out of reach of persons
swimming pool area (but not shower room area) at whilst standing within the water fountain.]
a distance greater than Arm’s Reach from the pool,
provided that the requirements of clauses 9.4.1(a)
to 9.4.1(c) above are complied with; and

88 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 89
 (b) no socket-outlets are permitted within Arm’s Reach (a) all cables which are not installed in conduits
of a water fountain. Socket-outlets may be provided or trunking must be armoured and adequately
outside this distance for purposes such as cleaning protected against accidental or deliberate
of the water fountain, which must have a minimum interference by persons, and against the effects of
ingress protection of IPX6 and must have an weather;
integral RCD of residual current rating 30 mA, see
Guidance note G7(c); [Note: type HO7 RN-F braided or armoured cables
complying with BS EN 50525 are recommended.]
(c) all Appliances, Luminaires and other Accessories
must have a minimum level of moisture ingress (b) outdoor temporary Electrical Installations must
protection of IPX5; have a minimum ingress protection level of IP55
and switchgear assemblies must comply with
(d) no Appliances, Luminaires or other Accessories BS 4363 and BS EN 61439-4;
may be installed within Arm’s Reach of a water
fountain. However, such items are permitted at a (c) specification for distribution assemblies for RLV
distance greater than Arm’s Reach from the water electricity supplies for construction and building
fountain, provided that the requirements of clauses sites shall comply with BS 4363;
9.5.1(a) to 9.5.1(c) above are complied with; and (d) cables passing on or over walkways and access
(e) Appliances, Luminaires or Accessories which are roads must be adequately enclosed to avoid
within Arm’s Reach of a water fountain must be Danger. Buried cables must be installed so as to
supplied by SELV or PELV and have a minimum afford adequate protection against damage, see
Guidance note G6;

Special locations
level of ingress protection of IPX7. Underwater
lighting must be supplied by SELV at a maximum (e) particular attention should be given to the location,

and systems
voltage of 12 V a.c. or 30 V d.c. and with ingress signing and protection of equipment where the
protection IPX8. public may have access, in particular children;
(f) equipment should be located and adequate notices
9.5.2 The requirement for Earth Leakage Protection on Final displayed so that emergency disconnection of the
Circuits must be met, along with the requirements for EEB electricity supply can be effected without delay.
and Supplementary Equipotential Bonding. Locking arrangements should be such that these
9 can be removed in an emergency (e.g. panic bar or 9
keys available in break-out box);
9.6 Temporary Electrical Installations
[Note: typically an emergency power off facility should
9.6.1 This Regulation applies to temporary Electrical Installations be provided.]
(e.g. construction sites, work sites, exhibitions, tents,
(g) regular inspection and testing appropriate for
amusement parks, circuses) which are fixed or movable. the nature and use of the Electrical Installation
and sufficient to ensure compliance with these
9.6.2 Due to the additional risks of damage and interference to Regulations at all times shall be carried out;
temporary Electrical Installations, the following precautions
should be catered for in the design and construction of such (h) an Earth Leakage Protected System and an
systems: Equipotential Bonded System must be provided in
line with Regulations 5.4 and 5.5; and

90 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 91
 (i) outdoor socket-outlets must be provided with 9.8 External lighting
integral RCD protection with a residual operating
current of 30 mA or less, and must have a minimum 9.8.1 This Regulation applies to Electrical Installations associated
ingress protection level of IP55. with external lighting installed outdoors on Premises (e.g.
decorative and landscape lighting etc.).
[Note: water coolers and drinking fountains must be
provided with individual RCD protection, in addition to [Note: the scope does not include specialist high-mast lighting
that provided at the Final Distribution Board.] systems, e.g. football stadiums, where used, the relevant approval
shall be sought from the Distribution Company.]
9.6.3 Reduced voltage supply (RLV) should be used where
there is a high exposure to potential damage, and where 9.8.2 External lighting Luminaires mounted on poles shall be
persons are involved in working in confined spaces or other supplied from a suitably rated single phase RCBO.
hazardous circumstances. See Appendix A18(e). [Note: the RCBO would typically be mounted at a lower level
[Note: RLV is recommended on construction sites compared with within the pole and be accessible via an opening in the pole
supply by ELPS to avoid nuisance tripping and the potential normally closed by a secure cover.]
failure of RCDs in harsh outdoor environments.]
9.8.3 The connecting cable between the Luminaire and the cut-
out shall be a 3 core (L-N-E) Double Insulated heat resistant
9.7 Street lighting flexible cord.

9.7.1 Protection against electric shock for street lighting shall

Special locations
9.8.4 The cut-out shall include suitably sized shrouded terminals
be provided by an Earth Leakage Protected System to accommodate for the looping in and looping out of 3 core

and systems
(Regulation 5.4) and by an Earthed Equipotential Bonded (L-N-E) steel wire armoured cables and the connections to
System (Regulation 5.5). In the latter case, the street light the single phase RCBO.
column or other structure shall be connected to a means
of Earthing, which will normally be from the Distribution 9.8.5 Earth bonding connections to the steel wire armour of the
Company supply cable. cable, the metal enclosure of the cut-out or gland plate and
the metal pole, shall be made within the cut-out.
9.7.2 Temporary supplies taken from street lights, such as for
9 9
decorative lighting or signboards, must be provided with 9.8.6 The cut-out shall be metal enclosed or ABS plastic with
Earth Leakage Protection using RCDs of residual current minimum ingress protection of IP55.
rating no greater than 30 mA where within reach of
persons, or 100 mA where not within reach of persons. 9.8.7 Temporary supplies taken from external lighting cut-
Time delayed devices may be used to avoid nuisance outs, such as for decorative lighting or signboards, must
tripping. Alternatively, such supplies may be provided by be provided with Earth Leakage Protection using RCBOs
SELV or RLV. of residual current rating preferably 10mA but no greater
than 30 mA Alternatively, such temporary supplies shall be
SELV or RLV.

92 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 93
 9.8.8 All Circuits supplying external lighting shall be single phase Cables
and protected by an Earth Leakage Protected System
(Regulation 5.4) and by an Earthed Equipotential Bonded 9.9.4 Cables shall be selected and installed so that mechanical
System (Regulation 5.5). damage due to tidal and other movement of craft and other
floating structures is prevented.
[Note: the use of three phase supply arrangements must be
approved by the Distribution Company.]
9.9.5 Where cable management systems are used, they shall be
installed to allow the discharge of water by drainage holes
9.8.9 Looping of external lighting Circuits shall be via purpose-
and/or installation of the equipment on an incline.
made junction boxes or cut-outs in compliance with clause
7.5.16.
9.9.6 Where flexible cables are used, they shall be in accordance
with BS EN 50525.
9.9 Marinas and similar locations
Distribution Boards and Pedestals
9.9.1 This Regulation applies to Electrical Installations in
Marinas and similar locations. 9.9.7 Distribution Boards and Pedestals and all equipment
mounted thereon and installed outdoors must be corrosion
9.9.2 Electrical Installation in a Marina environment shall be resistant and give protection against mechanical damage
designed to minimise the following: and ingress of dust and sand. A minimum ingress protection
of IP55 is required.

Special locations
(a) risk of electric shock due to the wet environment [Note: Selection of IP code must take into account the particular
and proximity to water; location of the Electrical Installation]

and systems
(b) deterioration of the condition of electrical
equipment due to the presence of salt and water; 9.9.8 Pedestals must be located in the immediate vicinity of the
berths.
(c) damage to supply cables and flexible cord
connections; and 9.9.9 In order to minimise the Pedestal exposure to water, any
(d) risk of fire and explosion. water outlet within the Marina shall be suitably sited away
9 from the Pedestal. 9
[Note: for Electrical Installations on Leisure Crafts, refer to BS
EN 60092-507] 9.9.10 Pedestals shall include means of local isolation that
disconnects phase(s) and neutral.
9.9.3 Inspection, testing and certification of Electrical Installations
in Marinas shall satisfy the requirements set out in Chapter 8 9.9.11 Circuits supplying Pedestals must be individually protected
of these Regulations. against short-circuit, overload, and earth leakage. The
Earth Leakage Protection shall be effective for leakage
currents of 30 mA.
[Note: refer to Appendix A21 for general arrangement for the
connection of Pedestals]

94 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 95
 Socket-Outlets and lighting 9.10 Solar photovoltaic systems

9.9.12 Socket-outlets and lights shall be placed at a height of not General principles
less than 1 m above the highest water level.
9.10.1 This Regulation applies to Electrical Installations associated
9.9.13 Socket-outlets shall comply with BS EN 60309, refer to with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems.
Appendix A17(b). [Note: solar PV system intended for standalone operations (not
connected in parallel with the Low Voltage distribution system)
9.9.14 A maximum of four socket-outlets shall be allowed on a are not covered in these Regulations.]
single Pedestal.
9.10.2 The design of solar PV systems shall be submitted to the
9.9.15 All single phase socket-outlets and lighting on a common relevant Distribution Company for approval.
Pedestal shall be connected on the same phase.
[Note: the solar PV system shall be inspected and tested by the
9.9.16 Socket-outlet(s) and lighting in a Pedestal shall be individually Distribution Company prior to energising the solar PV system.]
protected against short-circuit, overload, and earth leakage.
The Earth Leakage Protection shall be effective for leakage 9.10.3 Solar PV system components and switchgear assemblies
currents of no greater than 30 mA. shall comply with the relevant equipment standards listed
in Appendix A(3).
9.9.17 There shall be at least one single-phase socket-outlet with a

Special locations
rated current of 16A on each Pedestal. 9.10.4 The designer of a solar PV system shall consider the potential
risks during the installation, operation and maintenance of
[Note: person(s) operating a Leisure Craft must ensure that

and systems
such systems. The design should consider the assessment
the Leisure Craft plug is suitable for the Pedestal socket-outlet of the installation constraints including wind and structural
rating.] loading.
9.9.18 One socket-outlet shall supply only one Leisure Craft. 9.10.5 Precautions shall be made to ensure that live parts are either
not accessible or cannot be touched during installation,
9.9.19 All socket-outlets shall be provided with an interlock to operation and maintenance.
9 prevent the insertion and removal of plugs under loads. 9
[Note: PV Modules cannot be switched off. A String of solar PV
9.9.20 Single-phase socket-outlets shall be blue in colour, and Modules can produce a voltage in excess of 1000 V d.c.]
three-phase socket-outlets shall be red in colour.
9.10.6 The design and installation of solar PV system shall enable
9.9.21 Where a three phase socket-outlet(s) is used, a warning sign maintenance and service work to be carried out safely.
of the existence of 400V shall be provided on the Pedestal
refer to Appendix A12(a). Protection

9.10.7 Solar PV system components shall be selected and erected

so as to minimise the risk of overloads, and short-circuits.

96 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 97
 9.10.8 The wiring of solar PV systems shall withstand external 9.10.17 The solar PV system shall automatically disconnect from the
influences such as wind, temperature and solar radiation. public grid supply in the event of loss of grid or deviation of
the electricity parameters at the supply terminals.
9.10.9 Equipment on the d.c. side of the solar PV system shall be
suitably rated in consideration of the highest d.c. voltage 9.10.18 Single phase Inverters must be interlocked and configured
and highest d.c. current. to behave as an integrated multiphase Inverter providing a
reasonably balanced output to all connected phases at all
9.10.10 The current carrying capacity for solar PV system d.c. times whilst connected to the distribution system and taking
cables shall be at least 1.25 times Short Circuit Current (Isc) into account of the permitted disturbance limits under
under standard test conditions at any location. clause 4.1.6.
[Note: this can be achieved by the internal controls of the Inverters.
9.10.11 All PV d.c. cables shall be Double Insulated and black in If the Inverter is not capable of this functionality then protection
colour. by the use of a phase balance relay which shall disconnect all
[Note: to minimise Voltages induced by lightning, the area of all Inverters simultaneously in the absence of reasonable balance
wiring loops shall be as small as possible.] is required].

9.10.12 PV Modules may be connected in series up to the maximum 9.10.19 All a.c. Circuits connected to solar PV system Inverters
allowed operating voltage of the PV Module and the PV shall be protected against fault current by suitably rated
Inverter, whichever is lower. overcurrent Protective Devices.

Special locations
9.10.13 The d.c. side of the solar PV system shall be protected by Isolation and switching
the use of Class II Equipment.

and systems
9.10.20 A switch disconnector shall be provided on the d.c. side of
9.10.14 For Inverters that are able to feed d.c. fault currents to the Inverter with the following requirements:
the a.c. side of the Electrical Installation, a type B RCD,
in accordance with IEC 62423, shall be provided for the (a) the switch disconnector must isolate all live
automatic disconnection of the supply. conductors;
9 9.10.15 Where the d.c. side of the Electrical Installation is
(b) the switch disconnector must be in a prominent 9
position;
constructed to meet the requirements of an installation
using double or reinforced insulation, no connection to (c) the switch disconnector must be rated for d.c.
Earth between the PV Modules or frame and main Earthing operation at the system Voltage maxima as
terminal is required. calculated;
(d) the switch disconnector must be rated for d.c.
9.10.16 Where blocking diodes are used, they shall be connected in operation at the system current maxima as calculated;
series with the PV String, and their reverse Voltage shall be (e) the switch disconnector must be clearly labelled as
rated for 2 times Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) under standard shown in Appendix A12(a); and
test condition of the PV String.
(f) the switch disconnector must clearly show the
“On” and “Off ” position.

98 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 99
 9.10.21 A switch disconnector shall be provided on the a.c. side of Inspection and testing
the Inverter with the following requirements:
9.10.25 Inspection and testing of the completed solar PV system
(a) the switch disconnector must be located adjacent shall be carried out and documented by a Licensed
to the Inverter; Contractor under the supervision of a solar PV system
designer, refer to Appendix A20(f) and Appendix A20(g) for
(b) the switch disconnector must switch all live
a sample Solar PV test and inspection reports.
conductors including the neutral;
(c) the switch disconnector must be clearly labelled as 9.10.26 The inspection and testing of a.c. Circuits is covered in
shown in Appendix A12(a): Chapter 8 of these Regulations.
(d) the switch disconnector must clearly show the
“On” and “Off ” position; and 9.10.27 The inspection and testing of the d.c. side of the Solar
PV system shall be in accordance with the requirements of
(e) the switch disconnector must be lockable in the off BS EN 62446. The tests required as a minimum shall
position only.
include the following:

9.10.22 Solar PV systems shall be connected via a dedicated Circuit (a) connection of conductors;
from a switch disconnector located adjacent to the MDB.
The switch disconnector shall be connected via a dedicated (b) continuity test of protective Earthing and/or
Circuit from the MDB. The switch disconnector shall be equipotential bonding conductors (where used);

Special locations
a standalone wall mounted unit, clearly labelled, easily (c) polarity test;
accessed, and lockable. It is also preferable that the switch
(d) string Open Circuit Voltage test;

and systems
disconnector function be incorporated within a suitable
enclosure together with the loss of mains protection and (e) string Short Circuit Current test;
metering devices where required. Refer to Appendix A22. (f) functional tests; and
[Note: the switch disconnector provides isolation of the PV (g) insulation resistance of the d.c. Circuits.
system from the public grid supply.]

9 Labelling requirements 9

9.10.23 All labels must be clear, easily visible, constructed and

affixed to remain legible for as long as the enclosure is in
use and written both in English and Arabic. PVC engraved
labels shall be used, see Appendix A12(a).

9.10.24 Labelling along PV d.c. cables shall indicate the polarity

and associated Dangers as shown in Appendix A12(a). The
labels shall be fixed every 5 to 10 m.

100 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 101
 Power factor correction 10
10.1 General requirements

10.1.1 The power factor at any Connection Point between

the Distribution Company and an Owner’s Electrical
Installation shall be maintained between 0.9 lagging and
unity.

10.1.2 Air-conditioning units, motors, large electrical machines,

fluorescent or discharge lighting, etc, shall be provided with
power factor correction. Where the requirements in clause
10.1.1 still cannot be achieved, the use of capacitor banks
shall be permitted.
[Note: Power factor correction may be provided by a selection of
equipment including variable speed drives, integral capacitors, or
other suitable methods. The design must account for restrictions
of disturbances under clause 4.1.6.]

10.1.3 Notwithstanding the above, the use of capacitor banks in

residential villas shall not be permitted.

10.1.4 All power factor correction capacitors shall normally be of

dry or oil-filled, metal encapsulated, sealed type. The use of
oil containing PCB (poly-chlorinated biphenyls) is strictly
prohibited.

10.1.5 Power factor correction capacitors shall be provided with a

means of prompt discharge on disconnection of the supply
Voltage. The discharge circuit shall be permanently or
automatically connected to the capacitor. Manual means
of switching or connecting the discharge circuit is not
permitted.

10.1.6 Automatically regulated capacitor banks, when used, shall

provide, as far as reasonably practicable, a smoothed power
factor throughout the range of operation.

10.1.7 Capacitor banks and associated components shall be suitably

designed and selected to ensure reliable and continuous
operation at a maximum system Voltage of 440 V and at a
maximum ambient temperature of 50˚C.

102 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 103
 [Note: the design of capacitor banks must be verified by the (a) name of the manufacturer;
appropriate type test.]
(b) serial number;
10.1.8 For induction motors with a permanently connected (c) year of manufacture;
capacitor unit, the capacitor unit rating must not exceed (d) rated reactive power;
90% of the no-load reactive power of the motor.
(e) rated Voltage (rms);
[Note: this is required in order to avoid the occurrence of self
excitation on run-down condition of the motor.] (f) number of phases;
(g) rated frequency;
10.1.9 The occurrence of harmonics while employing variable
(h) statement of discharge device;
speed drives, welding machines or similar devices in
Circuits can lead to disturbances in the system and may (i) short-circuit current; and
cause capacitor failure. To minimise this risk, harmonic (j) statement of liquid fill (if any).
filter reactors must be employed in series with capacitors.
10.2.7 Capacitors shall have provision for effective Earth
10.2 Specifications for capacitors connection of the case to the capacitor mounting frame
and to the Circuit Earth Conductor.
10.2.1 The Voltage rating of capacitor units shall be 480 V as a
minimum. 10.2.8 Capacitors and related components such as regulators,
indicating instruments, contactors, etc, shall be capable of
10.2.2 Capacitor units shall be temperature class D. withstanding local environmental conditions.

10.2.3 Capacitor units shall be metal encapsulated. 10.2.9 Contactors shall be suitably rated and designed for
capacitive back to back switching with pre insertion resistors

Power factor
10.2.4 Capacitor units shall be capable of continuous operation and be able to withstand switching surges. Contactors shall

correction
in accordance with the over-voltage and overcurrent isolate all three phases on switch off of the capacitor bank
requirements of IEC 60831. or on loss of supply voltage.

10.2.5 Built-in discharge resistors for capacitors shall be sized to 10.2.10 Each capacitor step shall be protected against conditions
ensure safe discharge of the capacitor to less than 50 V in of overload and short-circuit by means of suitably rated
10 one minute after a switch off. overcurrent relays and suitably rated HRC fuses (current 10
limiting type) respectively.
[Note: capacitors should not restart until a minimum 3 minutes
after the restoration of the supply.]
10.2.11 The capacitor panel must be provided with a suitably rated
main incomer isolating switch. This shall be a three-pole
10.2.6 Each capacitor shall be provided with a permanent
isolator or MCCB. The handle of the incomer isolator or
nameplate, which includes the following information:
MCCB shall be interlocked with the door to ensure that the
capacitor bank is de-energised when the door is open.

104 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 105
 Electric motors and starters 11
10.2.12 A capacitor bank shall not be a part of the motor control 11.1 General requirements
centre, main LV panel or sub-main panel, but it shall be
accommodated in a separate cubicle, see Appendix A12(d). 11.1.1 When motors are starting and running up to full speed,
a current higher than the normal full load amps (FLA)
10.2.13 Capacitor banks shall conform to the latest relevant is drawn. This starting current results in a Voltage drop.
international standards, including the following: The permissible Voltage drop levels are as stated in the
Electricity Distribution Code. The motor starting current
and resulting Voltage drop is reduced when motor starters
Relevant international standards for capacitors employing current limiting starting equipment are used.

LV switchboard IEC 61439-1 11.1.2 All single-phase motors above 1 HP and three-phase motors
above 3 HP shall be provided with current limiting starting
Degree of protection IEC 60529 equipment to effectively keep the starting current within
the following limits:
LV circuit-breaker and disconnector IEC 60947 (1-5)

Power factor correction capacitors IEC 60831 (1-2) Maximum permissible

Rating of motor
starting current
Power factor regulator IEC 60664 and IEC 1010-1
1 HP to 5 HP 5 x full-load current
Capacitor switching contactors IEC 60070 and IEC 60831
Above 5 HP and up to 50 HP 2 x full-load current
Detuning reactors IEC 60289 and IEC 60076
Above 50 HP and up to 150 HP 1.5 x full-load current
Low-voltage power factor
IEC 61921
correction banks [Note: it is preferred that modern practice is followed by the
provision of variable frequency drives, where appropriate, to limit
the starting current but also to afford further control and reduce
the energy usage. Other starting techniques such as star-delta,
primary resistance starter, auto transformer or electronic soft
starter may also be considered depending on the application.]

11.1.3 Where motor ratings and starting currents exceed those

10 above, then the relevant diagrams, operation information,
protection arrangements, starter details, system Voltage
drop calculations etc. must be provided to the Distribution
Company to gain approval for connection.

11.1.4 All electric motors shall be provided with internal

proprietary terminal block to facilitate connection.

106 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 107
 Standby generators 12
11.1.5 Wiring and control diagrams must be permanently fixed, 12.1 General requirements
adjacent to motors.
12.1.1 Installation and connection of standby generators in any
11.2 Protection and isolation Electrical Installation, for the purpose of maintaining power
in the case of a failure of the incoming supply, shall be
11.2.1 All electric motors shall be adequately protected against permitted only with the prior approval of the Distribution
overload, short-circuit, loss of one or more phases and Company.
Voltage dips, etc. as appropriate for each application.
Emergency fire fighting motors or pumps are excluded from 12.1.2 The changeover circuit-breaker shall have 4 poles for
this clause as they may be required to operate to failure a three-phase generator and 2 poles for a single-phase
without the provision of Protective Devices. generator, to ensure that all live and neutral conductors are
[Note: motor control and protection equipment must be arranged disconnected at the same time.
so that re-starting is not automatic after automatic tripping due
to a fault or other disturbance mentioned in clause 11.2.1 above. 12.1.3 The installation and changeover arrangements must ensure
It is recommended that air-conditioning units above 3 kW be that there is no possibility of paralleling the generator
provided with under-Voltage tripping relays operating at 75% of and incoming mains supply. If paralleling arrangements
the nominal supply Voltage and with an auto-reset timer set at are required, these must be mechanically and electrically
between 5 and 10 minutes.] interlocked and be specifically assessed and approved by the
Distribution Company.
11.2.2 All electric motors above 5 HP must be provided with
protection against mechanical overload. 12.1.4 The requirements for generator connections and Earthing
arrangements are provided in the Electricity Distribution
11.2.3 Emergency switching (e.g. push-button switch) shall Code.
be provided for moving machinery which may require
immediate manual disconnection from the supply in case of
an accident or other situation to avoid Danger.

11.2.4 All mechanical equipment shall be provided with a means

of isolation close to the equipment which can be locked
and kept under the control of the person performing
maintenance, see Guidance note G9.

11

108 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 109
 Appendices

110 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 110 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)
 Appendices
A
A1. Glossary of terms and abbreviations 117

A2. Recommended books and references 120

A3. Reference standards 123

A4. Legal references

(a) List of regulations and clauses which do not
apply to existing Electrical Installations 127
(b) Relevant extracts of Law No (2) of 1998 128

A5. Earthing
(a) Distribution Company Earthed System (TN-S) 132
(b) Locally Earthed System (TT) 133
(c) Distribution Company Earthed System with
Locally Earthed System (TN-S and TT) 134
(d) Earth Electrode pit and standard labels 135
(e) Main Earth Terminal (MET) at Main Distribution
Board (MDB) 136
(f) Main Earth Conductors (MEC) and Circuit Earth
Conductors (CEC) 137
(g) Components of Earth Fault Loop Impedance 138
(h) Earth Fault Loop Impedance values
required for MCBs (at 230 V) 139
(i) Resistance per metre of copper conductors 140
(j) Sizing of Earth Conductors and
Equipotential Bonding Conductors 141
(k) Minimum number of Earth Electrodes 142
(l) Mandatory connections to Earth Conductors 143
(m) Residual operating current settings for
RCDs and ELP devices 144

110 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 113
 A6. MCB characteristics A12. Electricity Intake
(a) Time-current characteristic of MCBs as multiple (a) Labelling of Electrical Installation 168
of rated current 146
(b) Minimum sizes of LV switchrooms 169
(b) Time-current characteristic of Type B MCBs 147
(c) Typical layout of Final Distribution Board
(c) Time-current characteristic of Type C MCBs 148 (FDB) and RCD label 170
(d) Time-current characteristic of Type D MCBs 149 (d) Typical layout of LV switchroom 172
(e) Typical energy let-through characteristics of MCBs 150
A13. Boundary of Connection Point and scope of the
(f) MCBs selection criteria 151 Regulations 173

(g) Internal construction of MCB 153 A14. Typical layout for small power and lighting
circuits 174
A7. Circuit rating and Voltage drop for cables
(a) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for A15. Minimum number of socket-outlets and
PVC single core cables (non-armoured) 154 connection points 176

(b) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for A16. Mounting height for Accessories and
PVC multi-core cables (non-armoured) 155 socket-outlets 177
(c) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for PVC
multi-core cables (armoured) 157 A17. Plugs and socket outlets

(d) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for thermo-setting (a) Approved and prohibited plugs and socket-outlets
(XLPE) multi-core cables (armoured) 158 (domestic) 178
(e) Circuit rating for MICC cable 159 (b) Industrial plugs and socket-outlets 179
(f) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for flexible cords 160 (c) Shaver socket-outlets for bathrooms 180
(g) Rating factors with respect to ambient (air) A18. Special systems
temperature 161
(a) Class I Equipment (Earthed Conductive Parts) 181
(h) Rating factors with respect to grouping of cables 162
(b) Class II Equipment (double insulated) 182
A8. Colour identification for cables 163
(c) Separated Extra-Low Voltage (SELV) supply 183
A9. Capacity of conduits, trunking and Cable Trays 164 (d) Protective Extra-Low Voltage (PELV) supply 184
(e) Reduced Low Voltage (RLV) supply 185
A10. IP coding for ingress protection 165

A11. Standard wiring diagram symbols 166

114 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 115
 A1. Glossary of terms and abbreviations

A19. Test procedures A Amps or Amperes

A1
(a) Measurement of Earth Electrode resistance 186 ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
(b) Measurement of Distribution Company ACB Air Circuit Breaker
supply impedance (Ze) 188 a.c. alternating current
(c) Measurement of total Earth Fault Loop a/c air-conditioning
Impedance (Zs) 189
ADWEA Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority
(d) Circuit continuity, (R1+R2) and (R1+Rn) tests 190
BS British Standard
(e) Lamp holder Circuit polarity tests 193
BS EN British Standard which has been published under the
(f) Segregation and insulation resistance tests 194 European Normalisation procedure
(g) Sequence of testing for new Electrical Installations 196 BSI British Standards Institute
CB Circuit-Breaker
A20. Forms and certificates
CP Connection Point (see definitions)
(a) Electrical Installation Certificate 197
CEC Circuit Earth Conductor (see definitions)
(b) Inspection report (front) 198
CPC Circuit Protective Conductor (see definition for CEC)
(c) Inspection report (back) 199
d.c. direct current
(d) Electrical Installation testing report 200
ECC Earth Continuity Conductor (see definition for CEC)
(e) Load distribution schedules 201
EEB Earthed Equipotential Bonding (see definitions)
(f) Solar PV test report 204 EEBS Earthed Equipotential Bonded System (see definitions)
(g) Solar PV system inspection report 205 E/F Earth Fault (protective device)
A21. General Marinas connection arrangements 207 ELCB Earth Leakage Circuit-Breaker
ELP Earth Leakage Protection (see definitions)
A22. General solar PV connection arrangements 208
ELPS Earth Leakage Protected System (see definitions)
ELV Extra-Low Voltage (see definitions)
EN European Normalisation standard document
ESMA Emirates Standardization & Metrology Authority
FCU Fan Coil Unit

116 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 117
 A1. Continued... A1. Continued...

FDB Final Distribution Board (see definitions) RLV Reduced Low Voltage (see definitions)
A1 A1
HP Horse-Power (= 0.746 kW) s seconds
HRC High Rupture Capacity (fuse) S cross-sectional area (of conductors, mm²)
HV High Voltage (see definitions) SMDB Sub Main Distribution Board (see definitions)
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission SELV Separated Extra-Low Voltage (see definitions)
In Nominal current rating or current setting of a TN-S a Distribution Company Earthed System (see
Protective Device definitions)
kA kilo-Amps TT a Locally Earthed System (see definitions)
kV kilo-Volts Uo nominal phase Voltage
LV Low Voltage (see definitions) WED Water and Electricity Department (Abu Dhabi)
m Metres Ze External Earth Fault Loop Impedance
MCB Miniature Circuit-Breaker Zs Total Earth Fault Loop Impedance (see definitions)
MCCB Moulded Case Circuit-Breaker ZR1+R2 Internal Loop Impedance (R1 = resistance of
Circuit conductor, R2 = resistance of Earth
MDB Main Distribution Board (see definitions) Conductor)
MEC Main Earth Conductor (see definitions)
MET Main Earth Terminal (see definitions)
MICC Mineral Insulated Copper-Clad (type of cable)
ms milli-seconds
˚C degrees Celsius
PELV Protective Extra-Low Voltage (see definitions)
PV Photovoltaic
PVC Poly-vinyl Chloride (insulation for LV cables)
r.m.s root-mean-square (value of voltage, current etc)
RCBO Residual Current Breaker (with) Overcurrent
Protection
RCCB Residual Current Circuit-Breaker
RCD Residual Current Device (see definitions)

118 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 119
 A2. Recommended books and references A2. Continued...

Books: Regulations:
A2 A2
(14) Abu Dhabi Emirate Environment Health and Safety Management
(1) Requirements for Electrical Installations (BS 7671: 2008) System (ADEHSMS) COP15 - Electrical Safety
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (formerly the
Institution of Electrical Engineers) (15) ADWEA Wiring Rules and Regulations for LV Installations 2003,
Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority
(2) IEE Guidance Note 8 - Earthing & Bonding
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (16) Regulations for Electrical Installation Works 1980
Water and Electricity Department (WED) of Abu Dhabi
(3) IEE Guidance Note 7 – Special Locations
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (17) The Earth Leakage Protection Regulations 2001
The Regulation and Supervision Bureau
(4) IEE Guidance Note 5 – Protection Against Electric Shock
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (18) Regulations for Electrical Installations 1997
Dubai Electricity Authority
(5) Exam Success – The IEE Wiring Regulations 2381
The Institution of Engineering and Technology, (19) Rules and Regulations of Electrical Connections
City & Guilds Sharjah Electricity and Water Authority
(6) The IEE On-site Guide to BS 7671:2008 (2011) (20) The Australian & New Zealand Wiring Rules AS/NZS
The Institution of Engineering and Technology 3000:2000
Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand
(7) The IEE Electrical Installation Design Guide
The Institution of Engineering and Technology (21) The Electricity Safety (Installations) Regulations 1999
Government of Victoria (Australia)
(8) The Electricians Guide – 3rd Edition
John Whitfield, EPA Press (22) The Electricity Safety (Network Assets) Regulations 1999
Government of Victoria (Australia)
(9) Testing Electrical Installations
A Hinsley, Castleknight Publications (23) Industry Standard for Electrical Installations on Construction
Sites Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector,
(10) Advanced Testing Techniques Victoria (Australia)
A Hinsley, Castleknight Publications
(24) New Zealand Code of Practice for Homeowner / Occupier’s
(11) Inspection, Testing and Certification Electrical Wiring Work,
The Electrical Safety Council (NICEIC) Energy Safety Service, Wellington, New Zealand
(12) Snags and Solutions Part 1 – Earthing & Bonding (25) Code of Practice for Safe Electrical Work
The National Inspection Council for Electrical Installation Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector, Victoria (Australia)
Contracting (NICEIC)
(26) The Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002
(13) Domestic Electrical Installation Guide Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, UK
The National Inspection Council for Electrical Installation
Contracting (NICEIC)

120 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 121
 A2. Continued... A3. Reference standards

(27) The Plugs and Sockets etc. (Safety) Regulations 1994 The standards listed below are for typical components used in an
A2 Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, UK Electrical Installation. However, this list is not exhaustive and the latest A3
relevant BS or IEC standards should be used.
(28) The Low Voltage Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations
1989 (Adoption of the Low Voltage Directive No. 73/23/
EEC) Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, UK Components BS IEC

(29) The Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations 1994 Cables

Her Majesty’s Stationary Office, UK
Power & lighting (70˚C PVC,
6004 502
Reference Papers: thermoplastic)
50525-1:2011*,
Power and lighting (90˚C rubber, 50525-2-41:2011*,
(30) Cahier Technique no. 172 – Earthing Systems in LV thermosetting) 50525-2-42:2011*,
B Lacroix, R Calvas, Schneider Electric 7889
Mineral insulated (copper-clad) 6207, 60702-1* 702
(31) Cahier Technique no. 173 – Earthing Systems Worldwide 6500, 50525-1:2011*,
B Lacroix, R Calvas, Schneider Electric 50525-2-11:2011*,
Flexible cables & cords (domestic) 50525-2-12:2011*, 227
50525-2-21:2011*,
(32) Neutral Earthing in LV Networks 50525-2-71:2011*
A Robert, J Hoeffelman, CIRED Conference June 2001 50525-1:2011*,
50525-2-11:2011*,
(33) Plugs and Sockets Around the World 50525-2-21:2011*,
Flexible cables & cords (industrial) 245
Conrad H. McGregor, World Standards 50525-2-51:2011*,
50525-2-83:2011*,
(34) The Distribution Code – Annex 1 – E/R 1 – Limits for 50525-3-21:2011*
Low smoke (90˚C rubber, 7846, 7211, 6724,
Harmonics in the Electricity Supply System
thermosetting) 7629
Approved by the Regulation and Supervision Bureau
Armoured cables (90˚C rubber,
5467
(35) The Distribution Code – Annex 1 – E/R 7 – Limits for Voltage thermosetting)
Fluctuations in the Electricity Supply System Switchgear and control wiring 6231
Approved by the Regulation and Supervision Bureau Flexible cables for lifts 50214*
Cable glands 6121
(36) The Distribution Code – Annex 1 – E/R 10 – Limits for Crimp connectors 61238*
Voltage Unbalance in the Electricity Supply System Cable cleats 61914*
Approved by the Regulation and Supervision Bureau Conduits & trunking
4568, 60423*,
(37) Designing for Low Resistance Grounding Steel
61386-21 50086*, 31
423, 614
Lightning Eliminators & Consultants, Inc PVC 4607
Flexible steel 61386-23
(38) Guide to the Installation of Photovoltaic Systems
Cable tray 61537*
Microgeneration Certification Scheme (‘MCS’)
Trunking 4678

122 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 123
 A3. Continued... A3. Continued...

A3 Components BS IEC Components BS IEC A3

Electrical Accessories Solar PV system

General 5733 Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic PV
61646* 61646
Ceiling roses 67 modules
Cooker Control Units 4177 Crystalline silicon terrestrial PV
61215* 61215
Household Appliances 60335* modules
Plugs & socket-outlets (domestic) 546, 1363, 4573 Solar PV modules safety 61730-1* 61730-1,
qualification 61730-2* 61730-2
Plugs & socket-outlets (industrial) 60309*
Solar PV inverters degree of
Switches (domestic) 60669* 60529* 60529
protection
Lighting 60598*
Solar PV inverters protection class 60664-1* 60664-1
Emergency lighting 5266
Solar PV inverters characteristics of
Signs and discharge lighting 559 61727
the utility interface
Isolating (safety) transformers 61558*
61000-6-1,
LV switchgear & assemblies Solar PV inverters EMC 61000-6-2,
Conformance 61000-6-3,
General 61439* 61439
61000-6-4
Contactors & motor starters 60947* 947
61000-3-2,
Circuit-Breakers (MCB, MCCB) 60898* 898 Solar PV inverters Harmonics 61000-3-3,
Circuit-Breakers (RCD, RCBO) 61008*, 61009* 1008, 755 Conformance 61000-3-11,
Fuses 88, 60269* 269 61000-3-12
Busbar trunking systems 61439-6* 61439-6 Solar PV inverters power converting
62109* 62109
equipment safety
General Solar PV d.c. cable See Note 4 See Note 4
Fire / combustibility test 60695- 4* Solar PV d.c. connectors 50521*
Degrees of protection & ingress 60529* 529 RCD Type B 62423* 62423
Assemblies for construction sites 4363 364-7-704
Hazardous areas 60079* Note 1: British Standards marked with an asterix * are also issued as European
Lightning protection 62305* Standards under the same number (labelled as BS EN).
7430, 951,
Earthing 364-5-54 Note 2: for compliance requirements under the Regulations see clause 3.1.2
4444, 6701
and 3.1.4.
Wiring diagram symbols 60617*
Identification and marking of the Note 3: reference standards for capacitors are given under Regulation 10.2.
60446*
man-machine interface
Note 4: for solar d.c. cables the following standards may be referenced UL 4703,
RCD socket-outlets 7288
TUV 2 PfG 1169/08.2007, VDE E PV 01:2008-02 and BS EN 50618 (when
published).

124 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 125
 A4(a) List of regulations and clauses which do
A3. Continued... not apply to existing Electrical Installations

British Standards are issued by the British Standards Institute (BSI), a The Electricity Wiring Regulations are effective from 1 January 2008.
A3 UK National Standards body. The UK Wiring Regulations (BS 7671) For any Electrical Installations which were constructed prior to this A4(a)
are published jointly by BSI and the IET (formerly known as the IEE). date, the following Regulations do not apply.
The BSI represents UK international standards work through the
British Electrotechnical Committee (BEC) which is a member of the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and also a member Clause or Regulation Reason Application
of the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation Clause 3.1.4 Installation components Does not apply (see also
(CENELEC). There are 24 member countries of CENLEC (formed to meet international Clause 3.3.3 referring
in 1973) whose role is to prepare standards for the European market. standards to repairs to existing
CENELEC issues ‘EN’ standards which are adopted by the member installations)
countries, and ‘HD’ standards which are adopted in their general Clause 3.5.6 Requirement for Earth Does not apply
technical content by member countries. The IEC (formed in 1906) has Clause 5.3.4 Leakage Protection
48 member countries and IEC standards may be adopted voluntarily Clause 5.5.1 (ELP) and Earthed
by any country. Equipotential Bonding
(EEB)
Clause 4.2.9 Emergency lighting in Does not apply
Electricity Intake rooms
Clause 7.1.1 Prohibition of BS 546 Does not apply but it
plugs and socket-outlets is recommended to
in domestic premised replace BS 546 socket-
outlets with BS 1363
type
Clause 7.8.6 All Final Distribution Does not apply if a single
Boards must, be RCD of residual operating
current 30 mA is fitted to
arranged so as to
cover the whole DB, or a
provide for at least two RCD of residual operating
zones of ELP current of 100 mA is fitted
to cover the whole DB and
30 mA RCBOs fitted in
the DB for all bathrooms
and socket-outlet circuits.
Otherwise this Regulation
shall apply after 1 January
2015, or the date of the
next inspection or re-
certification, whichever is
the earlier

Note: for the avoidance of doubt, for any Electrical Installations constructed
before 1 January 2008, Clause 7.8.6 (Regulation 7.8) shall apply after 1
January 2015, or the date of the next inspection or re-certification (which
ever is the earlier), unless the conditions in the above table are satisfied.

126 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 127
 A4(b) Relevant extracts of Law No (2) of 1998 A4(b) Continued...

Relevant Extracts of Law No (2) of 1998 Concerning the 9) making regulations and orders as provided elsewhere in this Law.
A4(b) Regulation of the Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector A4(b)
(as amended by Law No (19) of 2007) Article (60) - Inspectors

(1) The Regulation and Supervision Bureau may appoint qualified

Article (54) - General duties persons whose duties shall include duties to –

The Regulation and Supervision Bureau when performing its functions (c) inspect and test, where required, such plant and equipment
under this Law, shall have a duty to exercise its functions in a manner at the consumer’s premises;
which best calculated to –
Article (62) - Powers to make regulation
(1) ensure the security of the supply of water and electricity and
wastewater services in the Emirate; The Regulation and Supervision Bureau may, in consultation with
whom it sees fit, make such regulations as it sees fit for the purposes set
(2) ensure the connection and supply of water and electricity and out in Articles (63) and (68) of this Law¹.
connection to sewerage networks for all customers;
Article (63) - Supply regulations
(3) ensure the provision of special health and safety regulations
related to supply of water, wastewater services and electricity Regulations made pursuant to Article (62) of this Law may be made for
to the general public; the following purposes, namely to –

(6) have special regard to the interests of those persons whose lives (1) secure regular and efficient supply of water and electricity and
may be endangered by the lack of potable water, sewerage provision of sewerage services;
services or electricity and others with special needs in connection
with the cost and method of supply of water and/or electricity, (2) protect the general public from danger related to water,
or through the use of appliances and fittings; electricity and sewerage works and installations;

Article (55) - Functions of the Regulation and Supervision (3) eliminate or reduce the risk of personal injury;
Bureau for the water, wastewater and electricity sector
(8) ensure that the water and electricity fittings installed and used by
The powers of the Regulations and Supervision Bureau shall include – persons to whom water and electricity are to be supplied are safe; and

(3) the establishment, maintenance, review and amendment as (9) promote the conservation of water and the efficient use of
appropriate of technical and performance standards for the water water and electricity.
and electricity sector and the monitoring and enforcement of
compliance with such technical standards; Article (65) - Contents of supply regulations - specific

(4) the establishment, maintenance, review and monitoring of safety Regulations made under Article (62) of this Law may –
standards for the water, electricity and sewerage services sector and
monitoring and enforcing compliance with such safety standards; 1
Article 68 relates to Street Works and Access Regulations

128 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 129
 A4(b) Continued... A4(b) Continued...

(1) prohibit transmission or supply in specified circumstances; (14) require water, electricity and wastewater fittings to be of a
A4(b) prescribed size, nature, strength and workmanship; A4(b)
(2) require notification of accidents, failures of supply and/or
transmission or distribution facilities and/or when sewerage (15) impose requirements as to installation, arrangement,
services are provided; connection, testing, disconnection, alteration and repair;

(3) require plans, maps etc to be kept and made available for (16) impose requirements regarding earthing of electrical
inspection and copying; installations, electrical voltage and frequency; and

(4) relieve the Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Company and (17) enable the Regulation and Supervision Bureau to authorise
classes of licensed operators specified in the regulations from any departures from the regulations as may be required and to
obligations to supply water, electricity or sewerage services in make those departures subject to conditions.
specified circumstances;
Article (66) - Failure to comply with regulations
(5) require compliance with notices served by the Regulation and
Supervision Bureau which – are intended to prevent or end Failure of any person to comply with regulations made under Article
a breach of regulations made under Chapter Three of Part (62) of this Law shall be punished with a fine of not less than AED
Four of this Law; or eliminate/reduce risk of personal injury 250,000. In case the same failure is repeated by such person, the fine is
or property damage or interference with property; doubled.

(6) provide for deemed compliance with technical standards and Article (67) - Regulations disputes
requirements;
The court with the appropriate jurisdiction shall hear disputes relating
to regulations made under Article (62) of this Law.
(7) provide for exemptions from the requirements of regulations
made under Chapter Three of Part Four of this Law;
Article (106) - Duty to enforce by final order
(8) restrict or require the use of certain, products, substances or Subject to Article (107) of this Law, where the Regulation and
processes or forbid unapproved substances, products and processes; Supervision Bureau is satisfied that a licensed operator is contravening
or is likely to contravene any condition of its licence, the Regulation and
(9) require substances, products and processes to comply with Supervision Bureau shall as soon as practicable by a final order make
standards or other requirements established by the regulations; such provision as appears to the Regulation and Supervision Bureau to
be requisite so as to secure compliance with that condition.
(10) provide for certain persons/organisations to give approvals
required by the regulations and for such approvals to be subject Article (114) - Power to fine
to conditions or modification and revocation;
A final order may include a requirement on the licence holder to pay
(11) require the provision of information to prescribed persons; a fine of such amount, being not less than Dirhams 50,000, as the
Regulation and Supervision Bureau determines to be appropriate.
(13) forbid the use or installation of fittings which have not been
approved;

130 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 131
 A5(a) Distribution Company Earthed System (TN-S) A5(b) Locally Earthed System (TT)

Distribution Distribution Distribution Distribution

A5(a) Company Network Company Network A5(b)
Transformer Conductors Transformer Conductors

L1 L1

L2 L2
L3
L3
N
N
E
E

Earth fault current

through Distribution Earth sheath or armour of Transformer
Company cable Distribution Company Cable Neutral Point Earth
is connected to
A Earth sheath or armour of
Customers Installation
Transformer Distribution Company Cable
Neutral Point Earth not connected to
Customer’s
A Customers Installation
Main
Distribution Earth fault current
Board through ground / soil Customer’s
Main
Earth fault
Distribution
Main Earth in Appliance
Earth fault current Board
Terminal

Earth fault
A A in Appliance
Earth fault current
Main Earth
Terminal

Customer’s
Earth Electrode

Insulated cable
gland

[ see Regulation 6.2 ]

[ see Regulation 6.2 ]

132 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 133
 A5(c) Distribution Company Earthed System
with Locally Earthed System (TN-S and TT) A5(d) Earth Electrode pit and standard labels

Distribution Distribution Main Earth Conductor in

A5(c) Company Network
metallic conduit 300 x 300mm A5(d)
Transformer Conductors Inspection cover

L1
L2
L3
N
E
Earth fault current

Transformer
Neutral Point Earth

Earth sheath or armour of

Distribution Company Cable
is connected to
A Customers Installation
Earth fault current
shared between
Customer’s
Customer Earth
Main
SAFETY EARTH CONNECTION
Electrode and
Distribution
Distribution DO NOT REMOVE
Board
Company Earth

Earth fault
in Appliance Standard safety label for
A Earth fault current
Main Earth Main Earth Connections
Terminal

Customer’s
Earth Electrode

SAFETY EARTH BONDING

DO NOT REMOVE

Standard safety label for main and

supplementary bonding connections

[ see Regulation 6.2 ] [ see clauses 5.5.11, 6.4.3 and 6.5.6 ]

134 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 135
 A5(e) Main Earth Terminal (MET) at Main A5(f) Main Earth Conductors (MEC) and
Distribution Board (MDB) Circuit Earth Conductors (CEC)

A5(e) CEC to switches and

A5(f)
Accessories
Circuit
Earth Conductors
for sub-main CEC To SMDB 1
Circuits

To SMDB 2
Final
Distribution
CEC to fixed Appliance
Board
Distribution A Main Circuit
Company Breaker
Earth
Earth Bar
MET
Neutral Bar
CEC
CEC in metal or
plastic conduit
B
CEC

MEC to Owner
Earth Electrode Earth connection Main
to metal door Distribution
Earth conductor Board
A
labels at MET CEC CEC in appliance
Main Earth
flexible cord
Terminal Functional Earth
(see clause 6.9.2)

DB2 MAIN EARTH

MEC
CONDUCTOR

DB1 MAIN EARTH

CONDUCTOR
Main Earth
Test Link Conductor to
Earth Electrode
CUSTOMER
EARTH ELECTRODE

DISTRIBUTION
COMPANY EARTH B
Distribution
Distribution
Company Earth Company Earth

[ see Regulations 6.2 and 6.3 ]

Note 1: illustration shows a Distribution Company Earthed System with a Locally Note 1: common terminology (outside these Regulations) includes CPC (Circuit
Earthed System (TN-S and TT). Protective Conductor) and ECC (Earth Continuity Conductor ) in place of
CEC illustrated above. [ see Regulation 6.2 ]
Note 2: for sizing of Earth Conductors refer to Appendix A5(j) (S for cables up to 16
mm2, 16 mm2 for cables up to 35 mm2 and S above this). Note 2: for sizing of Earth Conductors refer to Appendix A5(j) (S for cables up to 16
2
mm2, 16 mm2 for cables up to 35 mm2 and S above this).
Note 3: this arrangement shows single core cables for SMDBs, other arrangement 2
may be used (e.g. cables with SWA with seperate Earth Conductor).

136 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 137
 A5(h) Earth Fault Loop Impedance values
A5(g) Components of Earth Fault Loop Impedance required for MCBs (at 230 V)

Distribution
A5(g) Network Device rating MCB MCB MCB A5(h)
Conductors (A) type B type C type D
Distribution Company 10
Transformer
9 3 15.33 - -
L1
L2 6 7.67 3.83 1.92
L3
N 10 4.60 2.30 1.15
E
6 11 16 2.87 1.44 0.72
Transformer Neutral 8
Electricity Intake
X
Point Earth Circuit Breaker 20 2.30 1.15 0.57
7
25 1.84 0.92 0.46
1 N
5 32 1.44 0.72 0.36
L

2
40 1.15 0.57 0.29
E

4 MET 3
Earth fault
Main Earth
Terminal
in Appliance 50 0.92 0.46 0.23
63 0.73 0.36 0.18
1 Impedance of Circuit phase conductor
Internal Earth Loop [from table 41.3 of BS 7671]
2 Resistance of fault
Impedance
3 Impedance of Circuit Earth Conductor (CEC) Note 1: the above values are given for conductor temperatures of 70˚C. As
4 Impedance of Local Earth Electrode and Main Earth Conductor measurements are normally taken at room temperature the measured
Impedance of fault path through Earth
values must be approximately 20% less than tabulated above.
5

6 Impedance of transformer Earth Electrode and Earth Conductor Note 2: the above values are used as an alternative to calculating the disconnection
to the transformer star point time for each specific situation, i.e. MCBs will operate in the instantaneous
7 Impedance of supply cable Earth Conductor / armouring mode if the Earth Fault Loop Impedance value is kept below the above,
Source Earth Loop levels. For impedance values higher than shown above, it is still possible
8 Impedance of network cable Earth Conductor / armouring
Impedance, Ze to comply with the requirement of 0.4s disconnection for all Circuits in an
9 Distribution Company transformer winding Electrical Installation if a check is made against the manufacturer’s time-
10 Live conductor of distribution network cable current performance chart.
11 Live conductor of supply cable

Note: Sub Main Distribution board is omitted for clarity.

[ see Regulation 6.7 ]

138 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 139
 A5(i) Resistance per metre of copper A5(j) Sizing of Earth Conductors and
conductors Equipotential Bonding Conductors

A5(i) Conductor cross-sectional area Resistance per metre Minimum cross- Minimum cross- A5(j)
Cross sectional area
(mm²) (milli-ohms) sectional area of Earth sectional area of
of phase and neutral
conductors equipotential bonding
1.0 18.1 conductors (S)
[see note 1] conductors
(mm2)
1.5 12.1 (mm2) (mm2)

2.5 7.41 S S/2

S <= 16 (not less than 1.5 (not less than 4 or
4.0 4.61 see note 2) 6, see note 3)
6.0 3.08
16 < S <= 35 16 10
10.0 1.83

16.0 1.15
S/4
25.0 0.73 S > 35 S/2
(but not exceeding 25)
[above values at 20˚C]
[from table 54.7 of BS 7671]
Note: to allow for the increase in resistance with increased temperature under
fault conditions these values must be multiplied by 1.2 for PVC insulated Note 1: for Main Earth Conductors between Earth Electrodes and the Main Earth
cables. Terminal of an Electrical Installation, S should be taken as the cross-
sectional area of the conductors of the incoming supply cable. For Circuit
Earth Conductors S should be taken as the cross-sectional area of the
Circuit phase conductors.

Note 2: Earth Conductors must always be insulated and a cross-sectional area of

less than 1.5 mm2 must not be used unless they are an integral part of a
sheathed cable (e.g. an Appliance flexible cord).

Note 3: Main Equipotential Bonding Conductors should be sized according to the

live conductors of the incoming supply, but should not be less than 6 mm2.
Supplementary Bonding Conductors should be sized according to the live
conductors of the circuit to which they are connected but should not be
less than 4 mm2.

Note 4: as an alternative to using the above selection table, the sizing of Earth
Conductors and Equipotential Bonding Conductors may be calculated
using the adiabatic equation provided in the IET Wiring Regulations BS
7671:2008 paragraph 543.1.3. This normally allows smaller sizes of Earth
Conductor to be used.

For example: 4.0 mm2 earth for 6 mm2 circuit conductor

2.5 mm2 earth for 4 mm2 circuit conductor
1.5 mm2 earth for 2.5 mm2 circuit conductor

140 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 141
 A5(l) Mandatory connections to Earth
A5(k) Minimum number of Earth Electrodes Conductors

The number of Earth Electrodes required at a Premises will be The following items must be connected to the Circuit Earth Conductor,
A5(k) determined primarily by the value of Earth Resistance that can be which should be provided separately for each Final Circuit, insulated A5(l)
achieved from each. However, the minimum number in any case shall with green/yellow PVC sheath, be of the appropriate size (Appendix
be as shown below: A5(j)) and be installed in the same conduits or routes as the phase and
neutral conductors.
Main incoming circuit- Minimum Minimum size of main
breaker rating (Amps) number Earth Conductor (mm2)
Items where connections must be made to the
of Earth
Circuit Earth Conductor
Electrodes
60/100 1 16 Distribution Boards: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
(frame, door etc)
200 1 50
Metal conduits, trunking, Cable Trays at start and end of runs, at
300 1 50
and ladders: pulling points intersections and
400 1 70 inspection boxes
500 2 70 Switchgear: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
(frame, door etc)
600 2 70
Luminaires: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
800 2 70
Switches: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
1000 2 70
(mounting boxes, cover plates)
1600 2 70
Socket-outlets: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
2000 2 150 (mounting boxes, cover plates)
2500 2 150 Fixed appliances and machinery: Exposed-Conductive-Parts
(metal casing etc)

Note 1: standard Earth Electrode diameters are 9 mm, 12.5 mm or 15 mm for

copper-clad steel, or 16 mm for stainless steel. Standard lengths are Note 1: the Earthing of cover plates should not rely solely on the connection of
1.2 m or 1.5 m (see also BS 7430). fixing screws to an Earthed mounting box (due to the possibility of poor
Note 2: structural foundations of large buildings may be used as Earth Electrodes, connections, corrosion etc); a short flexible Earth Conductor should be
see clause 6.4.8 and 6.8.4. connected between the mounting box and the plate. See Guidance
Note G7(d).

Note 2: the Circuit Earth Conductor should be terminated in the connection box for
a Luminaire even if it is plastic (to provide for future use and protection of
the Circuit itself). See Guidance note G7(d).

142 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 143
 A5(m) Residual operating current settings for
RCDs and ELP devices A5(m) Continued...

Note 3: where a Circuit supplies more than one type of equipment, the lower value
A5(m) Maximum Residual operating must be used for RCD protection (e.g. a Circuit supplying bedroom lighting A5(m)
Equipment
current settings (mA) and bathroom lighting must be protected by a 30 mA RCD).
13 A switched-socket outlets 30 Note 4: the selection of ELP devices at main switchboards must take into account the
Water heaters 30 requirement for discrimination with downstream Protective Devices (clause
5.4.5 and 5.4.6). For small supplies (200A or less), a 300 mA RCD device may
Kitchen fixed Appliances be used, with time delay of 200 ms. For larger supplies (above 200A), Earth
30
(e.g. washing machine) Leakage Protection relays may be used in conjunction with MCCBs or ACBs
Domestic water pumps 30 incorporating a trip unit (e.g. 1A, 3A, 5A with a suitable time delay to ensure
proper discrimination with downstream Protective Devices). Irrespective of
Swimming pool pumps, or jacuzzi 30 the Earth Leakage Protection provided at the main switchboard, the incomer
Underwater lighting SELV only MCCB or ACB shall have short-circuit protection to ensure tripping within 400
ms taking into account the Earth Fault Loop Impedance.
General fixed lighting (except in
100 The table opposite shows the required residual operating current values for RCDs and
bathrooms and swimming pools)
other Earth Leakage Protection devices. These are intended to provide supplementary
Floodlighting 100 - 300
protection of electric shock as well as protection against high resistance earth faults
Window or split type air-conditioning 100 which may not operate overcurrent devices and pose a risk of overheating or fire, see
Regulation 5.4.
Air handling, a/c fan coils etc 100
All Final Circuits where Appliances may be used by any person must be provided
Central or package a/c units 100 - 300
with Earth Leakage Protection. Earth Leakage Protection must also be provided at
Irrigation pump 100 the main Electricity Intake and subsequent Distribution Boards where necessary, see
Regulation 5.4.
Electric Cooker 30
Industrial machines etc 100 - 300
Elevators, escalators, lifts 300 - 500
Neon signs 300
School areas (e.g. laboratory for
10
children)
LV main circuit breakers or
See Note 4
switchboards (Electricity Intake)

Note 1: where two values are indicated, the higher value is allowed only where the
equipment is not normally accessible to any person.

Note 2: all Final Circuits in a bathroom (including lighting, but excluding FCUs in
a ceiling void) must be provided with 30 mA RCD protection. See clause
9.3.2(a).

144 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 145
 A6(a)

146
OPERATING TIME IN SECONDS

1 HR
2 HRS

10

0.001
0.01
0.1
1.0
100
1,000

1
3
B
Type

5
C
Type

10
D
Type

20

[ see notes to A6(f) ]

multiple of rated current

100

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT AS A MULTIPLE OF RATED CURRENT
1,000
A6(a) Time-current characteristic of MCBs as

Reproduced with permission

of Crabtree / Electrium Ltd.

A6(b) Time-current characteristic of Type B MCBs

6A
10 A
16 A
20 A
25 A
32 A
40 A
50 A
63 A
80 A
100 A
125 A

10 000 Time / current characteristics for Type B 
circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898 
and RCBOs to BS EN 61009 
Current for time 0.1 sec to 5 secs 
Rating  Current 
1000
6 A  30 A 
10 A  50 A 
16 A  80 A 
20 A  100 A 
100
25 A  125 A 
32 A  160 A 
40 A  200 A 
50 A  250 A 
10 63 A  315 A 
80 A  400 A 
100 A  500 A 
125 A  625 A 
TIME, SECONDS

1
The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

0.1

For prospective fault currents in excess 
of those providing instantaneous operation
refer to the manufacturer’s let-through energy data.
0.01
1 10 100 1 000 10 000

PROSPECTIVE CURRENT, r.m.s. AMPERES

[ from fig. 3A4 of BS 7671 ]
147
A6(b)
 A6(c)

148
A6(c) Time-current characteristic of Type C MCBs

6A
10 A
16 A
20 A
25 A
32 A
40 A
50 A
63 A
80 A
100 A
125 A
10 000 Time / current characteristics for Type C
circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898
and RCBOs to BS EN 61009
Current for time 0.1 sec to 5 secs
Rating Current
1000
6 A 60 A
10 A 100 A
16 A 160 A
20 A 200 A
100
25 A 250 A
32 A 320 A
40 A 400 A
50 A 500 A
10 63 A 630 A
80 A 800 A
100 A 1000 A
125 A 1250 A

TIME, SECONDS
1

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

0.1

For prospective fault currents in excess
of those providing instantaneous operation
refer to the manufacturer’s let-through energy data.
0.01
1 10 100 1 000 10 000

PROSPECTIVE CURRENT, r.m.s. AMPERES

[ from fig. 3A5 of BS 7671 ]

A6(d) Time-current characteristic of Type D MCBs

A6(d) Time-current characteristic of Type D MCBs

6A
10 A
16 A
20 A
25 A
32 A
40 A
50 A
63 A
80 A
100 A
125 A

10 000 Time / current characteristics for Type D

circuit-breakers to BS EN 60898
and RCBOs to BS EN 61009
Current for time 0.1 sec to 5 secs 
Rating  Current 
1000
6 A  120 A 
10 A  200 A 
16 A  320 A 
20 A  400 A 
100
25 A  500 A 
32 A  640 A 
40 A  800 A 
50 A  1000 A 
10 63 A  1260 A 
80 A  1600 A 
100 A  2000 A 
125 A  2500 A 
TIME, SECONDS

1
The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

0.1

For prospective fault currents in excess 
of those providing instantaneous operation
refer to the manufacturer’s let-through energy data.
0.01
1 10 100 1 000 10 000

PROSPECTIVE CURRENT, r.m.s. AMPERES

[ from fig. 3A6 of BS 7671 ]
149
A6(d)
 A6(e) Typical energy let-through characteristics
of MCBs A6(f) MCBs selection criteria

Operating characteristics of MCB types and the required Earth Fault

A6(e) Loop Impedance values are given in Appendix A6(a) to A6(d) and A6(f)
105
50&63A MCB Appendix A5(h). MCBs for common cable sizes and Circuits are shown
2.5mm2
40A MCB in the following table:
I2t energy let-through in A2s 32A MCB
(50Hz sine wave) 20A MCB
one complete 1/2 cycle 16A MCB

MCB Cable Cable

10A MCB nominal Cable size rating at rating at Typical Circuit
1.5mm2
rating mm2 30˚C, PVC 40˚C, PVC application
Amps Amps, (kW) Amps, (kW)
TOTAL LET-THROUGH ENERGY (I2t)

6A MCB
1.0mm2 17.5 15.2 Lighting
6 1.5
(3.4) (3.0) (light load)
104
24.0 20.9 Lighting
10 2.5
(4.7) (4.1) (heavy load)

CABLE CONDUCTOR SIZES

24.0 20.9 Radial Circuit to
16 2.5
(4.7) (4.1) socket-outlets
32.0 27.8 Radial Circuit to
20 4.0
(6.3) (5.4) fixed appliance
48 41.7 Ring Circuit to
32 2 x 4.0
(9.3) (8.1) socket-outlets
Radial Circuit to
41.0 35.7
32 6.0 large Appliance
(8.0) (7.0)
(e.g. cooker)
103
0.1 1.0 10 16 100.0 Radial Circuit to
57.0 49.6
40 10.0 machinery (e.g.
PROSPECTIVE FAULT CURRENT (kA)
(11.1) (9.7)
chiller unit)

Reproduced with permission

of Crabtree / Electrium Ltd. Note 1: cable ratings are taken from Appendix A7(a), assuming one circuit in
conduit, with temperature correction factors applied from Appendix A7(g).
Power factor of 0.85 is assumed to calculate kW ratings at 230V.

Note 2: selection of MCBs for overload protection of cables must take account
of the device characteristics given in Appendix A6(b) to A6(d). These
are based on minimum MCB operating currents of 1.45 times the MCB
nominal rating (In) and a maximum ‘non-tripping’ current of 1.15 times In.
Hence, cables must be selected with ratings at least 1.15 times the MCB
nominal rating (see IEE Guidance Note 6 - section 2).

150 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 151
 A6(f) Continued... A6(g) Internal construction of MCB

The classification of Types B, C or D is based on the fault current rating

A6(f) at which magnetic operation occurs and their ability to handle surge A6(g)
currents without tripping. See Appendix A6(a). Arc runner 25mm2 max
tunnel
• Type B devices are designed to trip at fault currents of 3-5 times terminal
rated current (In). For example a 10 A device will trip at 30-50 A
• Type C devices are designed to trip at 5-10 times In 15 plate Moving
• Type D devices are designed to trip at 10-20 times In arc chamber contact

Type B devices are generally suitable for domestic applications. Type C

devices are the normal choice for commercial and industrial applications Latch
Arc runner
where large groups of fluorescent lighting, motors, etc are used. mechanism

Type D devices have more limited applications, where high inrush

Fixed
currents may be expected. For example, large battery systems, motors, contact
Thermo-metal
transformers, etc. element

Sometimes failure of tungsten filament lamps can trip Type B circuit-

Calibration
breakers in domestic and retail environments. This is caused by high mechanism
arcing currents occurring at the time of failure and is generally associated Operating
with inferior quality lamps. A Type C device may be substituted for handle
a Type B device where unwanted tripping persists, especially in
commercial applications. A change from Type C to Type D devices
should only be taken after careful consideration of the installation DIN rail Coil
conditions, in particular the operating times required by Regulation 5.5. mounting assembly

(Referenced from www.voltimum.co.uk) 25mm2 max Trip

‘Jaw’ terminal bar

Reproduced with permission

of Wylex / Electrium.

152 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 153
 A7(a) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for PVC A7(b) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for PVC
single core cables (non-armoured) multi-core cables (non-armoured)

Standard cable ratings and Voltage drop for single core, PVC (70˚C Standard cable ratings and Voltage drop for PVC (70˚C thermoplastic)
A7(a) thermoplastic), non-armoured, stranded copper conductor (BS multi-core cables (sheathed), non-armoured, stranded copper conductor A7(b)
6004), with or without sheath, installed in buried or surface conduit (BS 6004), installed in buried or surface mounted conduit or trunking,
or trunking. or on exposed, perforated cable tray.

In conduit in In conduit on wall On perforated

Voltage drop In conduit on wall Clipped direct
thermal insulation or in concrete Cable Tray or in
(mV/A/m) or in concrete to a wall
Cross (A) (A) free air
Cross (A) (A)
sectional (A)
sectional
area 2 cables 3 or 4 2 cables 3 or 4 2 cables 3 or 4 area
2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4
(mm²) single cables single cables single cables (mm²) single core single core single core
phase three phase three phase three phase three phase three phase three
a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase
d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c.
1.0 11 10.5 13.5 12 44 38 1.0 13 11.5 15 13.5 17 14.5
1.5 14.5 13.5 17.5 15.5 29 25 1.5 16.5 15 19.5 17.5 22 18.5
2.5 20 18 24 21 18 15 2.5 23 20 27 24 30 25
4.0 26 24 32 28 11 9.5 4 30 27 36 32 40 34
6.0 34 31 41 36 7.3 6.4 6 38 34 46 41 51 43
10 46 42 57 50 4.4 3.8 10 52 46 63 57 70 60
16 61 56 76 68 2.8 2.4 16 69 62 85 76 94 80
25 80 73 101 89 - - 25 90 80 112 96 119 101
35 99 89 125 110 - - 35 111 99 138 119 148 126
50 119 108 151 134 - - 50 133 118 168 144 180 153
70 151 136 192 171 - - 70 168 149 213 184 232 196
At 30˚C ambient temperature [see Appendix A7(g) for grouping factors] 95 201 179 258 223 282 238
120 232 206 299 259 328 276
Note 1: data from table 4D1A and 4D1B of BS 7671.
150 258 225 344 299 379 319
Note 2: for Voltage drop for cables above 25 mm2 refer to BS 7671.
At 30˚C ambient temperature [see Appendix A7(g) for grouping factors]

Note 1: data taken from table 4D2A and 4D2B of BS 7671.

Note 2: 2-core refers to single-phase Circuits, 3 or 4-core refers to three-phase

Circuits.

154 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 155
 A7(c) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for PVC
A7(b) Continued... multi-core cables (armoured)

Standard cable ratings and Voltage drop for multi-core armoured, PVC
A7(b) Cable size (mm²) (70˚C thermoplastic) cables, stranded copper conductor (BS 5467), A7(c)
installed exposed (clipped to a wall) or on perforated Cable Tray.
Voltage drop
1.0 1.5 2.5 4 6 10 16
(mV/A/m)
2 core single
phase a.c. or 44 29 18 11 7.3 4.4 2.8 Clipped direct On perforated
Voltage drop
d.c. to a wall Cable Tray
(mV/A/m)
Cross (A) (A)
3 or 4 core
sectional
three phase 38 25 15 9.5 6.4 3.8 2.4
area
a.c. 2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4
(mm²)
single core single core single core
phase three phase three phase three
Note: for Voltage drop for cables above 16 mm² refer to BS 7671. a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase
d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c.

1.5 21 18 22 19 29 25
2.5 28 25 31 26 18 15
4 38 33 41 35 11 9.5
6 49 42 53 45 7.3 6.4
10 67 58 72 62 4.4 3.8
16 89 77 97 83 2.8 2.4
25 118 102 128 110 - -
35 145 125 157 135 - -
50 175 151 190 163 - -
70 222 192 241 207 - -
95 269 231 291 251 - -
120 310 267 336 290 - -
150 356 306 386 332 - -
185 405 348 439 378 - -
240 476 409 516 445 - -
300 547 469 592 510 - -

At 30˚C ambient temperature [see Appendix A7(g) for grouping factors]

Note 1: data taken from table 4D4A and 4D4B of BS 7671.

Note 2: 2 core refers to single-phase Circuits, 3 or 4 core refers to three-phase

Circuits.

Note 3: for Voltage drop for cables above 16 mm² refer to BS 7671.

156 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 157
 A7(d) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for
thermo-setting (XLPE) multi-core
cables (armoured) A7(e) Circuit rating for MICC cable

Standard cable ratings and Voltage drop for multi-core, 90˚C Standard cable ratings and Voltage drop for mineral insulated copper-
A7(d) thermosetting plastic insulated (XLPE), armoured cable, stranded clad cables installed on a wall (clipped direct). PVC sheathed cable A7(e)
copper conductor (BS 5467 and BS 6724), surface mounted or on assumes 70˚C sheath temperature, bare copper-clad cable assumes
Cable Tray. 105˚C sheath temperature.

2 x single or twin core

3 x single or 1 three
2 x single or 1 two
Bare sheath 105˚C
PVC sheath (70˚C)

Bare sheath 105˚C

PVC sheath (70˚C)

core cable, single

phase a.c. or d.c.
Clipped direct On perforated

core, or four core

cable a.c. or d.c.
Cross-sectional
Voltage drop
to a wall Cable Tray
(mV/A/m)

3 core
Cross

cable
(A) (A)

area
sectional
area 2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4 2 core 3 or 4
(mm²) single core single core single core
phase three phase three phase three
a.c. or phase a.c. or phase a.c. or phase
d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c. d.c. a.c.
(mm²) (A) (A) (A) (A)

1.5 27 23 29 25 31 27 1.0 18.5 15 22 19

Light 1.5 23 19 28 24
2.5 36 31 39 33 19 16
duty
4 49 42 52 44 12 10 2.5 31 26 38 33
500 V
6 62 53 66 56 7.9 6.8 4 40 35 51 44
10 85 73 90 78 4.7 4.0 1 19.5 16 24 20
16 110 94 115 99 2.9 2.5 1.5 25 21 31 26
25 146 124 152 131 - - 2.5 34 28 42 35
35 180 154 188 162 - - 4 45 37 55 47
50 219 187 228 197 - - Heavy 6 57 48 70 59
duty
70 279 238 291 251 - - 10 77 65 96 81
750 V
95 338 289 354 304 - - 16 102 86 127 107
120 392 335 410 353 - - 25 133 112 166 140
150 451 386 472 406 - - 35 163 137 203 171
185 515 441 539 463 - - 50 202 169 251 212
240 607 520 636 546 - -
At 30˚C ambient temperature [see Appendix A7(g) for grouping factors]
300 698 599 732 628 - -
At 30˚C ambient temperature [see Appendix A7(g) for grouping factors] Note 1: for MICC cable installed in perforated Cable Tray, the current rating is
approximately 5 - 10% greater than shown above, see BS 7671 table
4G1A and 4G2A.
Note 1: from table 4E4A and 4E4B of BS 7671
[2 core refers to single-phase Circuits, 3 or 4 core refers to three-phase Note 2: where the sheath temperature may be above 70˚C, care should be
Circuits]. taken that the cable is not within reach of any person or in contact with
combustible materials.
Note 2: for Voltage drop for cables above 16 mm² refer to BS 7671.

158 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 159
 A7(f) Circuit rating and Voltage drop for A7(g) Rating factors with respect to ambient
flexible cords (air) temperature

Standard current ratings and Voltage drop for flexible cords, 60˚C Ambient temperature correction factors (relative to 30°C) for cable
A7(f) conductor temperature (PVC or rubber insulated), stranded copper ratings shown in Appendices A7(a) to A7(e). A7(g)
conductors to BS 6500 (domestic applications).

Type of cable insulation

Voltage Voltage Mass
Cross
Single Three drop drop supportable mineral
sectional 70°C 90°C Rubber mineral
phase phase (single (three by twin Ambient insulated
area PVC or XLPE insulated
phase) phase) flexible cord temperature thermo- (105°C
plastic
thermosetting (70°C sheath)
(°C) sheath)
(mm²) (A) (A) (mV/A/m) (mV/A/m) (kg)
25 1.03 1.02 1.07 1.04
0.5 3 3 93 80 2
30 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
0.75 6 6 62 54 3
35 0.94 0.96 0.93 0.96
1.0 10 10 46 40 5
40 0.87 0.91 0.85 0.92
1.25 13 - 37 - 5
45 0.79 0.87 0.78 0.88
1.5 16 16 32 27 5
50 0.71 0.82 0.67 0.84
2.5 25 20 19 16 5
55 0.61 0.76 0.57 0.80
4.0 32 25 12 10 5
60 0.50 0.71 0.45 0.75
At 30˚C ambient temperature [from table 4H3A of BS 7671]
[from table 4B1 of BS7671:2008]
For ambient temperatures above 30˚C, the following correction factors
may be applied for flexible cords:

Ambient temperature (°C) 35 40 45 50 55

Correction factor 0.91 0.82 0.71 0.58 0.41

160 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 161
 A7(h) Rating factors with respect to grouping
of cables A8. Colour identification for cables

Because of mutual heating effects, the following correction factors

A7(h) should be applied to the tables in Appendix A7(a) to A7(e) for situations Conductor Colour A8
where a number of cables are installed close together. These factors
Non-flexible fixed wiring and all three-phase cables:
assume all cables are fully loaded; however, if an individual cable
is loaded below 30% of its rating it may be excluded from the total Phase 1 Red
number in the group.
Phase 2 Yellow

Method of installation Phase 3 Blue

Neutral Black
Enclosed Single layer, Single layer Single layer
in conduit clipped to a multi- multi-core Earth Conductors Green / yellow
(surface or non-metallic core on a on cable
Functional Earth Cream
Number of buried) or surface (wall perforated ladder
cables bunched or floor) Cable Tray system or Solar PV system d.c. cables Black
on a non- cleats
Flexible cables for single-phase Appliances:
metallic
surface Phase 1 Brown
2 0.80 0.85 0.88 0.87 Neutral Blue
3 0.70 0.79 0.82 0.82 Earth Conductors Green / yellow
4 0.65 0.75 0.77 0.80
Functional Earth Cream
5 0.60 0.73 0.75 0.80
6 0.57 0.72 0.73 0.79
Note: the harmonised cable colours now implemented in Europe (BS EN 60446
7 0.54 0.72 0.73 0.79
effective from January 2006) of Brown, Black and Grey for phase 1,
8 0.52 0.71 0.72 0.78 phase 2, and phase 3 respectively have not been adopted for the Emirate
9 0.50 0.70 0.72 0.78 of Abu Dhabi.
12 0.45 0.70 0.72 0.78
16 0.41 0.70 0.72 0.78
20 0.38 0.70 0.72 0.78

[taken from table 4C1 of BS 7671]

Note 1: these factors are applicable to uniform groups of cable, equally loaded.

Note 2: where horizontal clearances between adjacent cables exceed twice their
overall diameter, no rating factor need to be applied.

162 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 163
 A9. Capacity of conduits, trunking and
Cable Trays A10. IP coding for ingress protection

A9 Diameter of Conduit (mm) Ingress protection: IP codes A10

Conductor
( mm2 ) 20 25 32 First digit: protection against ingress Second digit: protection against
Maximum number of conductors by solid objects ingress of water

1.5 7 12 - X Not tested or not applicable X Not tested or not

applicable
2.5 5 9 12
0 No protection 0 No protection
4.0 3 6 9
1 Human hand or objects > 1 Vertically falling water
6.0 - 5 8 50mm
10.0 - 3 6 2 Human finger or objects > 2 Sprays of water < 15˚ from
16.0 - - 4 12mm vertical

25.0 - - 3 3 Objects > 2.5mm (e.g. tools or 3 Sprays of water < 60˚ from
wires) vertical

Note 1: for Cable Trunking, the space factor (total cross-sectional area of cables 4 Objects > 1.0mm (e.g. small 4 Splashes of water (from
compared with the interior cross-sectional area of trunking) must not wires) any direction)
exceed 50%. Trunking is sized by multiplying the number of cables by 5 Limited protection against dust 5 Low pressure jets of water
the cable factor for each cable, applying the space factor to determine (to the extent that does not (from any direction)
the capacity required. The appropriate trunking is then selected from the harm the equipment or impair
capacity chart published by the manufacturers. safety)
Note 2: for Cable Trays, the sum of the combined diameter of all cables installed 6 Strong jets of water (from
on the tray shall not exceed 60% of the internal Cable Tray width. Where 6 Totally protected against dust
any direction)
cables are spaced on the Cable Tray, this can be used as part of the space
factor.
7 Temporary immersion
8 Total immersion

The IP coding system is specified in BS EN 60529: 1992 (adopted from

IEC 529: 1989). The first digit specifies protection against ingress of
foreign objects of varying size, ranging from human hands or fingers to
fine dust particles. The second digit specifies protection against ingress
of water, ranging from free falling water, to immersion in water.

BS EN 60529 does not specify protection against the risk of explosion,

humidity or corrosive gases. If enclosures of equipment are drilled or
knockouts removed, suitable measures should be taken to restore the
equipment to the original IP rating.

164 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 165
 A11. Standard wiring diagram symbols A11. Continued...

A11 Symbol Description Symbol Description A11

Main Distribution Board (MDB) Three phase isolator

Sub Main Distribution Board (SMDB) Single phase isolator

Distribution Board (DB) Shaver socket to BS EN 61558-2-5

Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) Cooker control unit

Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB) Tungsten light fitting - ceiling mounted

Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) Tungsten light fitting - wall mounted

Earth Leakage Protective Device (RCD) Fluorescent light fitting - ceiling mounted

Fuse Fluorescent light fitting - wall mounted

Link Light switch - 1 way

kWh meter (direct reading) Light switch - 2 way

kWh meter (ct operated) Light switch - intermediate way

Switched line (e.g. connecting all outlets controlled by Light switch - pull cord operated
one switch)
Light switch - key operated
Circuit line (e.g. connecting all outlets on the same circuit)
Light switch - weather proof type
13 A switched socket outlet
Exhaust fan
15 A switched socket outlet
Ceiling mounted fan
Switched fuse connection unit
Low level cooker outlet connection
Unswitched fuse connection unit
Earth connection
Industrial socket-outlet

20 A double pole switch with neon indicator Note: additional wiring symbols may be taken from BS EN 60617

Note: additional wiring symbols may be taken from BS EN 60617

166 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 167
 A12(a) Labelling of Electrical Installation A12(b) Minimum sizes of LV switchrooms

A12(a) Minimum size of LV switchrooms A12(b)

PV a.c. Side Switch Disconnector
Main circuit breaker rating Intake room dimensions
‫ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺸﻤﺴﻴﺔ – ﻣﻔﺘﺎح اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎر اﳌﺘﺮدد‬ (A) (m)

1600 - 2500 3.5 x 3.5

Important 1000 - 1200 3.0 x 3.0
Owner Notice PV d.c. Side Switch Disconnector

This electrical installation should be periodically 600 - 800 2.5 x 2.5

‫ﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺳﻳﺔ – ﻣﻔﺗﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻌﺯﻝ ﺍﻟﺭﺋﻳﺳﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﻳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣﺭ‬
inspected and tested, and a report on its
condition obtained, as prescribed in the 400 - 500 2.5 x 2.0
Electricity Wiring Regulations.
“Danger solar PV cables - d.c. Voltage - 200 - 300 2.0 x 2.0
Date of last inspection: live during daylight”
Date of next inspection:
Note: the above rooms sizes are given for guidance and other requirements for
‫"ﺧﻁﺭ – ﻧﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻁﺎﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺷﻣﺳﻳﺔ – ﻣﺷﺣﻭﻥ ﺑﺗﻳﺎﺭ ﻛﻬﺭﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
“‫ﻣﺳﺗﻣﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺿﻭء ﺍﻟﻧﻬﺎﺭ‬ access and safety should be taken into account (see Regulation 3.5, 4.2
Owned and Operated by
and Appendix A12(d)).
XYZ Company

Do not operate without prior permission

In case of emergency call: PV LIVE DC CABLE

DO NOT DISCONNECT
DC PLUGS UNDER LOAD.
TURN OFF AC AND DC ISOLATORS FIRST.

Inverter
See clauses 3.6.1, 3.6.7, 8.1.5 and 9.9.21
WARNING
Dual supply
Isolate AC and DC

ATTENTION
before carrying out work.

SENSITIVE WARNING
ELECTRONIC PHOTOVOLTAIC
DEVICES
SYSTEM
OBSERVE PRECAUTIONS DUAL POWER SUPPLY
See Appendix A19(f) See Regulations 9.10

168 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 169
 A12(c) Typical layout of Final Distribution
Boards (FDB) and RCD label A12(c) Continued...

Load distribution schedule Load distribution schedule

A12(c) fixed to door fixed to door A12(c)

Section 1
R1 R5

MET

B1E

B2E
R2E

Y2E
R1E

Y1E
R1E

Y1 Y5 R1N

Y1E
Y1N

B1E
B1 B5 B1N

R2E R5N

R2 R6
Y5N
Y2E

B2E Y2 Y6 B5N

R6N

B2 B6

Section 1 R1 R4

Y1 Y4
Section 2
R3 R7 B1 B4

Y3 Y7
R2 R5

B3 B7
Y2 Y5

Main
R4 R8
B2 B5

Y4 Y8

Earth B4 B8
R1N
R3 R6

R4N

Terminal
Y3 Y6
Y1N
Y4N

B1N B3 B6 B4N
R2N
R5N

Neutral
Bar
R5N

Earth Bar Y5N

RCBOs
B5N

Test Link R7N

Main
Isolator
Main
Isolator

RCD 1 RCD 2 Neutral

100mA 30mA Bar
Section 2

O
w O
ne w
ne
rN rN
ot ot
ic ic
e e

“Earth tail’
“Earth tail’ for door
for door
RCD Operation & Test

Owner Notice
This Distribution Board is fitted
with Residual Current Devices Note: RCBOs Functional Earthing arrangements are not shown for clarity.
(RCDs) which will detect any fault
current to earth and switch off the
device. Note this Distribution Board
is fitted with ____ number RCDs. If
the device will not switch on after RCD Operation Label
tripping consult a licensed electrical [ see clause 5.4.7 ]
contractor or your local Electricity
Supply Company.

170 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 171
 A13. Boundary of Connection Point and
A12(d) Typical layout of LV switchroom scope of the Regulations

A12(d) Outgoing
A13
busbar risers
Emergency light Copy of Installation
(3 hours battery) Certificate and
Wiring Diagram
[ see clause 8.3.2 ]

min 0.75 m

Outgoing circuits

[ see clause 3.6.1 ]

HRC
fuses
min 0.75 m
DB
rear clearance
OOF
R
R
OO
D FL FDB
2N SD B
R
LOO
TF Connection
1S SDB Point
ER
COM
IN
capacitor bank Meter
automatic LV Feeder Pillar MDB FDB
control panel

min 1.5 m
front clearance
Clearance for
ventilation around
capacitor bank to
be minimum of
Incoming cables 0.75m To Distribution Company Transformer
from Distribution Company 11 kV/400V
Transformer

Distribution Network Owner’s Electrical Installation

“Electricity Supply Regulations 2007” “Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)”
Access doors for
equipment delivery
2nd access door for
personnel if switchroom
is greater than 6 m in length

[ see Regulation 4.3 and clause 1.3.2 ]

Note: LV switchroom to be sized to accommodate the number of panels required

(including spare positions) with minimum access clearances shown
above. Headroom clearance should be sufficient to allow safe access for
operation, maintenance and repairs in compliance with clause 3.5.9.

172 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 173
 A14. Typical layout for small power and
lighting circuits A14. Continued...
A14. Continued...

Live loop connection

A14 32A Ring Circuit to socket- A14
outlets Neutral loop connection Switch wire connection Live loop connection
4.0 mm2
Live, neutral and Earth terminal in ceiling rose
Earth from
Live, neutral and
Distribution
Earth to next light
To Final Board or
Distribution previous light
Board Ceiling rose

Flexible cable

2.5 mm2
Lamp holder
16A Radial Circuit to Switch wire
socket-outlets

4.0 mm2
20A DP 1 way
switch switch
(above bench)
Earth from back of
box and cover plate
(where metallic)

(below bench
20A Radial Circuit to
adjacent to
washing machine or
machine) Standard lighting Circuit arrangement
dishwasher

Flexible cord
Live loop connection

Neutral loop connection

20A DP 4.0 mm2 No live loop connection

switch Live,neutral and
Earth from Live,neutral and
Fused Distribution Earth to next light
connection 6.0 mm2
Board or
unit 32A DP cooker previous light
control unit Ceiling rose

20A Radial Circuit Flexible cable

to water heater

Heat resistant Cooker outlet Lamp holder

flexible cord
Switch wire
32A Radial Circuit
to cooker control
unit 2 way 2 way
switch
Heat resistant switch
flexible cord

Strap
wires
Intermediate
switch
Note 1: heat resistant flexible cords to be sized to match the rating of the Circuit.
Two way switch lighting Circuit arrangement
Note 2: for cookers with higher power ratings, sizing of the Circuit to be increased
accordingly.

Note 3: for connection to fixed Appliances, either fused connection unit or

socket-outlet may be provided.

174 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 175
 A15. Minimum number of socket-outlets and A16. Mounting height for Accessories and
connection points socket-outlets

A15 Minimum number of outlets for A16

Room
domestic premises
Min. 100mm
from worktop
Kitchen:
13 A switched socket-outlets Minimum 2 double, plus every 2 m of
(worktops) worktop
13 A switched socket-outlets Minimum 1 single, plus as required for
(Appliances) free standing Appliances (e.g. fridge)
Minimum 1, plus as required for number
Connection points
of items installed (flex outlets or socket-
(for washing machine, dryer etc)
outlets)
Min. 1.0 m
Cooker control unit Min from sink
Dishwasher
1.3m
(if fitted with an integral 1 (see note 5) switch

socket-outlet)
Cooker
Bedrooms 3 double 450mm
control unit
or
300mm
Lounge or dining 4 double

Hall or corridor 1 double

only BS EN 61558-2-5 shaver socket Cooker

Bathrooms outlet
(if required)

“for gas cooker with

Note 1: in general, double socket-outlets should be used in preference to single electronic ignition”
socket-outlets wherever possible.

Note 2: socket-outlets should be conveniently located to avoid the need for extension
cables and adapters (which introduce risk of overheating and fire).
socket-outlet
behind the dishwasher
Note 3: 15A BS 546 socket-outlets are not permitted in domestic premises (see controlled by double pole
clause 7.1.1). switch above bench

Note 4: the maximum number of socket-outlets on a Circuit is not limited and is

dependent on the load supplied, the wire size and floor area served (see
Appendix A6(f) and Guidance note G2).

Note 5: for Electrical Installation with a potential use of gas cookers, a provision
for socket-outlet should be provided alongside the cooker outlet for the
purpose of electronic ignition.

Note: mounting height may be varied for special circumstances such as access
for disabled persons or children, etc.

[ see clauses 7.1.7, 7.1.9 and 7.2.5 ]

176 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 177
 A17(a) Approved and prohibited plugs and
socket-outlets (domestic)
[ see Regulation 7.1 ]
A17(b) A17(b) Industrial
Industrial plugsplugs and socket-outlets
and socket-outlets

Approved BS 1363 plug and socket (13 A fused)

A17(a) A17(b)

Approved BS 546 plug and socket (15 A or 5 A unfused)

[ BS EN 60309 ]
(non-domestic
only)

Prohibited CEE7/7
EE7/7 ‘shuko’ plug and socket

Type CEE7/16 ‘europlug’ permitted only with a correct adapter

[ see clause 7.1.6 ]

[ see Regulation 7.1 ]

178 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 179
 A18(a) Class I Equipment (Earthed Conductive
A17(c) Shaver socket-outlets for bathrooms Parts)

A17(c) A18(a)

230V 230V

115V

Isolating transformer
complying with BS EN 61558-2-5

Earth fault

shavers only

Earth fault

[ see clause 6.6.3 ]

[ see Regulation 9.3 and clause 7.1.4 ]

180 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 181
 A18(b) Class II Equipment (double insulated) A18(c) Separated Extra-Low Voltage (SELV) supply

A18(b) A18(c)

Dummy (plastic)
earth pin

Isolated metallic parts

Live conductors L
are double insulated
or enclosed in plastic case

max 50V a.c.

230V or 120V d.c.

Unearthed metallic
part (see note)
N
E

Plastic Case overcurrent protection

Live conductors
are double insulated
or enclosed in plastic case

Symbol for safety

isolating transformer complying
with BS EN 61558-2-5

2-pin plug for use

in BS 3535 socket-outlet [ see clauses 5.3.1, 5.7.4, 7.3.13 and 9.1.1 ]
(see A17(c))

[ see clause 6.6.3 ]

Note: conductive parts of Class II Appliances are sufficiently remote from live
conductors so as not to require a connection to Earth.

182 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 183
 A18(d) Protective Extra-Low Voltage (PELV) supply A18(e) Reduced Low Voltage (RLV) supply

A18(d) A18(e)

Earthed metallic parts

L
L
55V

230V
230V 110V

max 50V a.c. 55V

or 120V d.c.
N
N

[ see clause 9.2.1 ] [ see clauses 5.3.1 and 9.6.3 ]

184 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 185
 A19(a) Measurement of earth electrode resistance
A19(a) Measurement of Earth
Electrode resistance A19(a) Continued...

These Regulations describe three methods to measure the resistance of Method 2: measurement using dedicated stakeless Earth
A19(a) an Earth Electrode. Method 1 uses a dedicated Earth Electrode tester, Electrode tester A19(a)
method 2 uses a dedicated stakeless Earth Electrode tester, and method
3 uses Earth Fault Loop Impedance measurement.

For complete testing methodology of the measurement of Earth

Electrode resistance refer to Guidance note 3 of BS 7671:2008.
Current
clamp
Method 1: measurement using dedicated Earth Electrode tester Earth
connections

Red Voltage
Yellow clamp
P Green
E

15 - 25 15 - 25
Earthed
Electrode Auxilliary
under test Electrode
Earth spikes
under test

(i) a proprietary Earth Electrode test device should be used.

(ii) auxiliary Earth spikes should be applied at least 15 m apart and 15 m distant (i) This method uses an Earth clamp-based tester without the need to disconnect
from the Earth Electrode under test. the Earthing Conductor.
(iii) an Earth resistance value of less than 10 ohms is required for a Locally Earthed (ii) This method is used when there are a number of Earth Electrodes and it is not
System [ see Regulation 6.2 ]. possible to use Method 1.
(iv) an additional number of Earth Electrodes may be required (or deeper electrodes) (iii) The larger the number of Earth Electrodes, the closer the measurement would
to achieve the required Earth resistance value. be to the electrode under test as the measurement is the Earth Electrode under
(v) due consideration should be given to future changes in soil condition (e.g. drying test in series with all other Earth paths in parallel.
out). (iv) It is important to highlight that for this method to be effective, there must be a
(vi) sufficient time should be allowed if special chemicals or salts are added to the loop resistance to measure and the Earth mass must be part of the
ground to improve the Earth resistance values. measurement.

Note: where possible and practical, method 1 should be used to measure the
resistance of an Earth Electrode.
Method 3: measurement using an Earth Fault Loop
Impedance tester

Refer to Appendix A19(b) and A19(c).

NECTION
EARTH CONOVE
SAFETY REM
DO NOT

Earth Pit Earth Test Spike

186 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 187
 A19(b) Measurement of Distribution A19(c) Measurement of total Earth Fault Loop
Company supply impedance (Ze) Impedance (Zs)

Main Distribution Board

A19(b) A19(c)
Main Distribution Board
MCCB MCCB
+ +
E/F E/F Final Distribution Board

MCCB MCCB
R
Y

+ + B
R
E/F E/F Y
B

Main Distribution Board Y

B

External Earth Loop RCD RCD

Impedance Tester

Main Earth
Terminal CECs remain
External Earth Loop connected
A
Impedance Tester

Main Earth
Terminal Main Earthed
to switch
(must be ON)
Equipotential Bonding from
A FDB
To Earth Electrode
A Earth Bar Bonding Conductors
Test Link removed Main Earthed
and Earth Electrode Equipotential Bonding
to Test
Connection removed Earth Electrode Instrument
Note 1: caution: this test is carried
To Earth out under live conditions but with the main
Electrode
Incoming Supply Cable
A isolator secured in the off position.
Earth Bar
Notes:Test Link removed
1. Caution:
and
thisElectrode
test is carried out under live conditions but with the main isolator secured in the
Note 2: EarthZe
offConnection
position. may be measured directly at the Electricity Intake with a specialist to light
(bulb removed from pendant)
removed
2. Ze may beEarth measured Loopdirectly
Impedance tester.
at the Supply Such
Intake withdevices
a specialistapply
EarthaLoop resistance
Impedance (typically
tester. Such devices apply a resistance (typically 10 ohms) between a phase conductor and
Notes: 10 ohms) between a phase conductor and the
the earth conductor of the incoming supply. The test draws a current of around 20A but is
earth conductor of the
1. Caution: this test
incoming is carried
supply.out under
The live
test conditions
draws a but with
current the
of main
around isolator
20A secured
but is in
only the
applied Note 1: caution: this test is carried out under live conditions with the circuits under
only applied for a few cycles (e.g. 40ms). The device measures the drawn current and
off position.
divides thisfor
intoa the test energised but no load is connected.
2. Ze maybybethe fewmeasured
measured cycles
directly
supply voltageThe
(e.g.
at the40ms).
to give the loop
Supply Intakedevice
impedance
measures
with a specialist Earththe(the test resistance
drawn
Loop current and
Impedance
applied device is subtracted).
tester.
3. As Such divides
devices
an alternative Zethismayinto
apply the measured
a resistance
be calculated (typically supply
10 ohms)
from measurement voltage
of theto
between agive
total phase
earththefault
loop
loopimpedance
conductor and Note 2: a specialist instrument is used which measures the total Earth Loop
the earth conductor
impedance measured of within
the incoming supply. The
the installation (see test draws
A19c) a current
using the of around 20A but is
formula:
(the test resistance applied by the device is
only applied for a few cycles (e.g. 40ms). The device measures the drawn current and
subtracted). Impedance Zs using a similar principle as described in A19(b). The
divides this into the measured supply voltage to give the loop impedance (the test resistance instrument must not operate any RCD in circuit.
Note 3: by as
applied the an alternative
device Ze may
is subtracted). ZS =be Ze + calculated
ZR1+R2 from measurement of the total
Earth Fault
3. As an alternative Ze may Loop Impedance
be calculated frommeasured
measurement within
of thethe Electrical
total earth faultInstallation
loop (see Note 3: the instrument may be directly connected to a socket-outlet (using the
Where:
impedance measured within the installation (see A19c) using the formula:
Zs = total Earth A19(c)) usingImpedance
Fault Loop the formula: test plug provided) and should be used at the farthest point on a radial
Ze = Distribution Company supply impedance circuit or the mid point of a ring circuit. Alternatively, the instrument may be
ZR1+R2 = impedance of the longest circuit inZthe S = Z e + ZR1+R2 taken by measuring a circuit
Installation,
Where: phase conductor impedance R1, and the same circuit’s Earthing Conductor impedance used at an Accessory connection point (e.g. lighting ceiling rose) with the
Where:
Zs = total
R2. Earth Fault Loop Impedance appropriate test probes.
Zs
4. =
Ze = total
For Earth Fault
further
Distribution advice Loop
Company see Impedance
reference book “ Advanced Testing Technique”.
supply impedance
Ze = Distribution Company supply impedance
ZR1+R2 = impedance of the longest circuit in the Installation, taken by measuring a circuit phase
ZR1+R2 = impedance of the longest circuit in the
Note 4: for further advice see reference book “Testing Electrical Installations”.
conductor impedance R1, and theInstallation, taken
same circuit’s by measuring
Earthing Conductora circuit
impedance R2.
phase conductor impedance R1, and the same circuit’s Earthing Conductor impedance
Note R2.4: For further advice see reference book “ Advanced Testing Technique”.
4. For further advice see reference book “ Advanced Testing Technique”.
Note 5: Test should be repeated for the Earth Electrode.

188 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 189
 Check polarity Check polarity
(neutral unearthed) and record R1+R2
(and no continuity
Final DB A to neutral)

A19(d) Circuit continuity, (R1+R2) and

Y
B
R
Y

(R1+Rn) tests A19(d) Continued...

B

R
Y
B

Shorting Lead
Radial Circuits and lighting Circuits: R1+R2
A19(d) A19(d)
1. This method tests the combined phase and Earth resistance Record R1+Rn
(R1+R2) and phase and neutral resistance (R1+Rn) for each (and no continuity
Circuit by applying short leads (not at the same time) at the to Earth / CEC)
Distribution Board, and measuring from the terminals of the Final DB A
farthest connection point or socket-outlet.
2. The polarity can be checked at each Accessory (i.e. only one of R
Y
B

the live / neutral terminals should show continuity to Earth,

R
Y
B

and there should be no continuity between live and neutral).

R
Y
B

3. If an Accessory has been wired incorrectly from another phase

or neutral conductor, the test will not work (e.g. crossed Circuits Shorting Lead
R1+Rn
or “borrowed neutral”).
4. For lighting Circuits the light switches should be ON to test the
wire through the switch. R1+Rn
“borrowed neutral”
5. For metal conduit Circuits the CEC at the conduit/ back-box
A19(d) shouldCircuit continuity, in
be disconnected (R1+R2)
order toand (R1+Rn)measure
accurately tests R1+R2.
to switch
(must be ON)

to lamp holder
>100MΩ
Check polarity Check polarity
(neutral unearthed) and record R1+R2
(and no continuity
Final DB A to neutral)
Ring Circuits
R
Y
B
R
Y
B
1. For Ring Circuits, the test consists of two stages:
(a) the measurement of end to end resistance of each
R
Y
B

conductor.
(b) the measurements of R1+R2, R1+Rn and checking there
Shorting Lead
R1+R2
are no ‘bridges’ in the ring.

Record R1+Rn
(and no continuity
to Earth / CEC)
Final DB A

R
Y
B
R
Y
B

190 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 191
R
Y
B

Shorting Lead
R1+Rn
 A19(e) Lamp Holder circuit polarity tests
A19(d) Continued... A19(e) Lamp holder Circuit polarity tests

2. For part 1(a), measurement of the phase and neutral loops To Final To switch
A19(d) should give equal values. The Earth loop may be of slightly A19(d)
A19(e) DB (must be ON)
A19(e)
higher
A19(c) resistance if it is wired with a smaller conductor.
continuation

3. ForRing
partcircuits continuity: at any point on the ring between
1(b), measurement
phase and neutral gives ½ the value measured in part 1(a).

4. To measure R1+Rn for a Ring Circuit, the two phase and

neutral conductors from the ring are cross connected. The
to lamp
measurement at any point on the ring between phase and holder
neutral should give ½ the value measured in part 1(a). If equal
resistances are not observed around the ring then this indicates
the presence of a bridge or wrong cross-connections at the
FDB end of the Circuit.

5. To measure R1+R2 for a Ring Circuit the two phase and Earth
conductors from the ring are cross connected. The readings at R
Final DB Y

each point in the ring may vary slightly for a very long circuit B
R
to Test
(since the CEC is a smaller cross-section). Y
B Device
R
Y

6. The highest value obtained represents the maximum R1+R2 B

value for the Circuit, and should be recorded on the test form. OFF

N
A
N E
L L L

Earth Bar Shorting cable applied at Final

DB between phase conductor
FDB FDB FDB and Earth Conductor of Circuit
under test

Notes:
Note 1: this test is carried out on dead Circuits. The main isolator must be secured
incarried
1. This test is the OFF outposition.
on dead circuits. The main isolator must be secured in the OFF
position.
2. The2:polarity
Note thetest is required
polarity test istorequired
confirm that all singlethat
to confirm polealldevices, and lamp
single pole holders
devices, andwith
lampan
outer neutral contact (i.e. ES screw type) are correctly connected
Conductor (R1 + Rn) (R1 + R2) holders with an outer neutral contact (i.e. ES screw type)
3. Single pole devices ( eg. light switches ) must only be connected in the live conductor.are correctly
end to end test 4. The test isconnected.
carried out by measuring continuity between the earth terminal and live terminal
at an accessory such as an ES pendant light fitting , after a shorting cable has been applied
Note 1: these tests are carried out on dead Circuits. The main isolator must be between
Note 3: the relevant
single pole phase
devices conductor and
( eg. light earth bar) at
switches the Final
must Distribution
only be connectedBoard.
in the live
secured in the off position. conductor.

Note 2: for new Electrical Installations, these tests should be carried out when Note 4: the test is carried out by measuring continuity between the Earth terminal
Accessories are in position but prior to energising the Electrical Installation. and live terminal at an Accessory such as an ES pendant light fitting, after
a shorting cable has been applied between the relevant phase conductor
Note 3: Circuit continuity tests must be measured for all Circuits and the resistance
and Earth bar at the Final Distribution Board.
values recorded on the test report, see Appendix A20(d).

192 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 193
 SELV and PELV 250 0.25

up to 500 V 500 0.5

1. Insulation resistance should be checked between all live conductors, and between live conductors and
Earth. For SELV and PELV systems insulation resistance should be measured between the extra-low
voltage and higher voltage conductors at 500 V.
2. The test instrument should be capable of producing a d.c. test voltage of 500 V when loaded to 1 mA and
be capable of measurement of up to 200 M ohm.
3. The minimum acceptable value of insulation resistance for any test is 0.5 M ohm for LV systems and 0.25
M ohm for SELV and PELV systems.
A19(f) Segregation and insulation 4. The supply should be disconnected and all current-using equipment switched off (including neon
indicator lamps, luminaires, voltmeters, electronic devices such as dimmer switches, starters, RCDs with
resistance tests A19(f) Continued...
amplifiers etc). Alternatively, a limited test can be carried with the phase and neutral conductors
connected together and testing to earth.
5. The method of testing requires the connection of all three phases and neutral bar to earth using
temporary earth wires.
6. The test measures the insulation resistance of each conductor wire with all other conductors connected
to earth. The test is done with all phase wires, all neutral wires and all earth wires and the values
Circuit Nominal Test Voltage Minimum insulation recorded in installation testing report, refer to Appendix A20(d).
A19(f) A19(f)
A19(g) 7. This test method checks the segregation of the conductor from all other wires. A19(f)
Voltage (d.c.) resistance (M ohms) 8. Insulation measurements should be made at each Distribution Board.

SELV and PELV 250 0.25

up to 500 V 500 0.5

R1 R5
>100MΩ
Y1 Y5

B1 B5

1. Insulation resistance should be checked between all live conductors, R2

Y2
R6

Y6

and between live conductors and Earth. For SELV and PELV systems, B2 B6

OFF
insulation resistance should be measured between the Extra-Low Voltage >100MΩ R3 R7

Y3 Y7

and higher Voltage conductors at a d.c. test Voltage of 500 V. B3 B7

Main
R4 R8

Y4 Y8

2. The test instrument should be capable of producing a d.c. test Voltage Earth
R1N

Y1N

R1E B4 B8

Terminal
B1N

Y1E
R5N

of 500 V when loaded to 1 mA and be capable of measurement

B1E Y5N

R2E B5N

Y2E R6N

of up to 200 M ohm.
Temporary earth wires

3. The minimum acceptable value of insulation resistance for any test is 0.5 M
ohm for LV systems and 0.25 M ohm for SELV and PELV systems.
Illustration of insulation test procedure:
4. The supply should be disconnected and all current-using equipment
All wires connected to Earth, except wire to be tested. A bridge will be detected. A
switched off (including neon indicator lamps, Luminaires, voltmeters, break in the conductor will not be detected (checked by continuity test).
electronic devices such as dimmer switches, starters, RCDs with amplifiers
etc). Alternatively, a limited test can be carried with the phase and neutral
break
conductors connected together and testing to Earth.

5. The method of testing requires the connection of all three phases and
neutral bar to Earth using temporary Earth wires. 500V

bridge
6. The test measures the insulation resistance of each conductor wire with all
other conductors connected to Earth. The test is done with all phase wires,
all neutral wires and all Earth wires and the values recorded in installation
testing report, refer to Appendix A20(d).

7. This test method checks the segregation of the conductor from all other
wires. Care is to be taken when testing the insulation resistance of the Earth
connections to ensure that there is no continuity between the equipment
and containment systems.

8. Insulation measurements should be made at each Distribution Board.

194 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 195
 A20(a) Electrical Installation Certificate

A19(g) Sequence of testing for new Electrical Project / Building Name:................................................................................ Certificate No. / Ref:

Installations Address / Location: .............................................................................................. ………………….......

Details of Client / Customer: ……………………………………………………………………………...................

Electricity account no. / contact details: ……………………………………………………………………………...
A19(g) Correct sequence for safe testing A20(a)
New or modified installation: New:  Modification:  Existing: 
Brief description of work carried out: ……………………………………………………………………………………
Before supply is connected: ………………………………………………………………………. Previous Certificate number:.........................

1. Continuity of Earth Conductors (Main Earth Conductors and Supply Characteristics:

Circuit Earth Conductors) Earthing System: (TT, TN-S, TN-S and TT); .........………… Earth Electrode(s )Resistance: ............………
Incoming Cable Size & Type: .........………… Earth Electrode(s) Location: ............………
2. Continuity of main and supplementary bonding conductors
Main CB type & rating: .........………… Main Earth Conductor Size: ............………
3. Continuity of Ring Circuit conductors Protective System (ELPS, EEBS); .........………… Earth Fault Loop Impedance: ............………
4. Polarity tests of all Circuits Max Prospective Fault Current: .........………… Total Connected Load: ............………
5. Segregation and insulation resistance measurements of all conductors Meter ref. no’s and type: ..............................................................................................…………

6. Earth Electrode resistance Total Diversified Load: ...................... Total Floor area: ......................

Special Circuits:
After supply is connected:
Details (e.g. special circuits without RCD protection, functional earthing arrangements): …………………
………………………………………………....……………………………………………………………………………...
1. Distribution Company Earth Fault Loop Impedance measurement ................................……………………………………..............................................................................................
2. Re-confirm polarity
3. Total Earth Fault Loop Impedance measurements Details of Designer: ……………………………………………………………………………...................................
Contact Details: ……………………………………………………………………………...................................
4. Prospective fault current measurements
We hereby declare that the work completed by us in relation to the above named electrical installation, and
5. Operation of RCD and Earth fault devices detailed in the reference drawings and documents listed below, has been carried out with due skill and care, and
6. Operation of switches and isolators in accordance with the Electricity Wiring Regulations published by the Regulation & Supervision Bureau for the
Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in Abu Dhabi:
Authorised signatory & name: ……………………………..….....…… Date: …………………….....................
Note 1: safety precautions must be observed during testing, including locking off ………………………..……….....……
isolators and switches, safeguarding against contact with test voltages, Reference drawings and schedules: ……………………...…….. Company Stamp: …………................
replacement of test links and removal of tools after completion. The order of Registered Engineer Certificate No. ..................................................
test sequence must be observed, in particular testing of Earth Conductors Certificate Expiry Date: .....................................................................
(dangerous test voltages can appear on the installation metalwork if Earth
Conductors are inadvertently disconnected or broken). Details of Installer: ...............…………………………… Licence Number: ………………….....................
Contact Details: ……………………………………………………………………..…………………..................
Note 2: testing of RCDs must include measurement of the operating time (ms) at In
We hereby declare that the work completed by us in relation to the above named electrical installation, and
and at 5 x In, as well as check of non-operation at 50% x In at both 0º and
detailed in the reference drawings and documents listed below, has been carried out with due skill and care, and
180º.
in accordance with the Electricity Wiring Regulations published by the Regulation & Supervision Bureau for the
Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in Abu Dhabi:
Authorised signature & name: ………………………………………… Date: ……………….…............................
………………………………………………………………………….....
Reference drawings and schedules: .....………………………..……… Company Stamp: ……………..................
Registered Engineer Certificate No. .............................................
Certificate Expiry Date: ........................................................................

196 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 197
 A20(b) Inspection report (front) A20(c) Inspection report (back)
Project / Building Name:................................................................................ Report No Equipment Inspected:  satisfactory  not satisfactory (give details /comments)

Address / Location: ..............................................................................................  not applicable  urgent work required

Details of Client / Customer: ……………………………………………………………………………...................

Electricity account no. / contact details: ……………………………………………………………………………... Main intake room condition: .......................................................................................  
A20(b) A20(b)
A20(c)A20(b)
A20(c) A20(c)
New or modified installation: New:  Modification:  Existing:  Metering Equipment: .......................................................................................  

Reason for Inspection (first inspection, routine inspection, other): ................................................................... Main Distribution Board: .......................................................................................  
............................................................................................... Installation Certificate number: ………….. Main Isolation Device (CB): .......................................................................................  
Supply Characteristics: Main LV switchboard (if any): .......................................................................................  
Earthing System: (TT, TN-S, TN-S and TT); .........……… Earth Electrode(s) Resistance: ............………..
Incoming supply cable(s): .......................................................................................  
Incoming Cable Size & Type: .........……… Earth Electrode(s) Location: ............……….. Main earth conductor, earth pits,
and MET;
.......................................................................................  
Main CB type & rating: .........……… Main Earth Conductor Size: ............………..

Protective System (ELPS, EEBS): .........……… Earth Fault Loop Impedance: ............………..
Sub Distribution Boards (give ref. no’s): .......................................................................................  
.......................................................................................
Max Prospective Fault Current: .........……… Total Connected Load: ............………..

Meter ref. no’s and type: ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................  

Total Diversified Load: .............................................................................................................................
Distribution Cables (between DBs): .......................................................................................  
General Details of Inspection & Testing:
.......................................................................................  
Date of last inspection & test: .......................................................................................................
Main Earth Leakage Protective
Any modifications noted: No  Yes  Details: ........................................................................ Device(s):
.......................................................................................  
Estimated age of installation & estimated age of modifications: ............................................................... Circuit cables (where visible): .......................................................................................  
Date of next planned inspection: .......................................................................................................

Any dangerous conditions or urgent work required (give details over leaf): No  Yes 
Power factor correction equipment: .......................................................................................  
Any work or improvements recommended (give details over leaf): No  Yes  Standby generation equipment: .......................................................................................  
Extent of inspection: All:  Part:  Areas not tested / inspected:...........................................................
Power points & socket outlets: .......................................................................................  
Inspection carried out by: .…………………………………………………………………………................
.......................................................................................  
Contact Details: …………………………………………………………………………….............
Internal Inspection of sample points (10% sample):
We hereby declare that the inspection and testing completed by us in relation to the above named installation,
and detailed over leaf, has been carried out with due skill and care, and in accordance with the Electricity
Wiring Regulations published by the Regulation & Supervision Bureau for the Water, Wastewater and Electricity List circuits/connections inspected .......................................................................................  
Sector in Abu Dhabi:

Authorised signature & name:……………………………..…..…… Date:…………………….................... .......................................................................................  

Company Stamp: ..................................... Registered Engineer Certificate No: …....….........................….
.......................................................................................  
Certificate Expiry Date: .............................................. Company Stamp: ..................................................

198 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 199
 A20(d)

200
A20(d) Electrical Installation testing report

Project / Building Name:............................. Document No. / Ref:........................................................... RCD tester:....................................................( serial no.)

Address / Location:..................................... Tested by:........................................................................... Loop impedance tester:................................( serial no.)

Distribution Board No. / Ref:....................... ............................................................................................ Continuity tester:...........................................( serial no.)

Fed from:..................................................... Date:................................................................................... Insulation tester:............................................( serial no.)

Busbar CCT MCB Phase Earth Continuity Test (ohms) Insulation Resistance RCD
section ref. rating & size (M ohms) Test Remarks /
/ RCD No. (A) Neutral mm2 Circuit Faults
size Ring L N E 1 x In (ms)
Description (SELV circuits,

Polarity

Incomer
2 see see see 5 x In (ms)
mm etc)

(see note 2)
Short Circuit

note 1 note 1 note 1 1/2 x In (trip /

(Ohms)
(Ohms)
Impendance (zs)
Total Earth Loop

Rn

R1
R2

R1 + Rn

R1 + R2
(Line)
current PSCC (kA)

(Earth)

(Neutral)
no trip)
R1
Y1
B1
R2
Y2
B2
R3
Y3

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

B3
R4
Y4
B4

Note 1: insulation resistance measured for each conductor with all other phase, neutral and Earth Conductors connected to Earth.
Note 2: for polarity test, check all 3 combinations on N-E, N-Ph, Ph-E, and record number of points/accessories checked.
Note 3: main and supplementary bonding conductors to be tested for continuity and results to be recorded.
A20(d)

A20(e) Load distribution schedules

A20(e)A20(d)
A20(e)

A20(e) Load distribution schedules

Project/Building: ...................................................... Main Contractor: ...................................................................................... Final Distribution Board
Address/Location: ................................................... Electrical Contractor: ............................................................................... Date: ...................................................................
Distribution Board No./Ref: ..................................... Incoming Cable size / type: .....................................................................
Fed from: ................................................................. Main breaker type & rating: ..................................................................... Document No. ....................................................
Cable No. of points
Cable Size Circuit Load in (kW)
CCT MCB rating (double / single) Connected
Busbar
Phase & Earth Diversity Diversity
section/ ref. rating A (kW) Circuit name / Point reference Load per Remarks
Neutral Type Factor
RCD No. (A) size [see point (kW) R Y B
Type
Type
Type
Cable Type

Size
Circuit Type

Number
Number
Number

mm2 mm2 notes]

R1
Y1
B1
R2
Y2
B2
R3
Y3
B3
R4
Y4
B4
R5
Y5
B5
R6
Y6
Section 2 ......................... Section 1 ........................

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

..........................................................................

B6
Gross Area = ......................................................... sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO AO Total Connected Loads (kW) TCL=.............kW

Floor Area Diversified Load = ...................................... W/sq m DB Load

W/sq m Load After Diversity (kW) TDL=.............kW

Note 1: cable ratings taken at ...... ºC and ..... power factor, installed as single Circuits in conduit.
Note 2: cable rating must be above Circuit Connected Load and at least 1.15 times MCB nominal rating.
Note 3: where RCBOs are used, the busbar section in the above is replaced with the mA rating.
Note 4: Diversified Load types can be categorised as power, lighting, water heating, motor loads, a/c etc.
Note 5: Circuit types can be categorised as radial, ring, lighting.
201
A20(e)
 A20(e)

202
A20(e) Continued...

Project / Building Name:......................................................... Main Contractor:...................................................................... Sub Main Distribution Board

Address / Location:................................................................. Electrical Contractor:................................................................

Date: ............................................................
Distribution Board No. / Ref:................................................... Incoming Cable size / Type:.....................................................

Fed From:................................................................................ Main Breaker Type & Rating:.................................................... Document No. .............................................

Rating (Amps) Cable Type / Size Connected Load Total Diversified Load Total
Single /
Cable
Three Remarks
Type
Phase RCD No. of No. of Size Earth R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph
MCCB (kW) (kW)

Diversity Type
mA Cables Cores mm2 mm2 (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW)
Diversity Factor
Outgoing Ways
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

Total Connected Total Diversified
Phase Loads Phase Loads
Gross Area:.....................................................sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO AC Total Connected Load kW
Floor Area Diversified Load:.........................W/sq m SMDB Load Load after Diversity kW
W/sq m Overall Diversity %

Note: SMDB outgoing ways must be sized in accordance with the Connected Load and SMDB incomer will typically be sized in accordance with the diversified load.
A20(e)

A20(e) Continued...
A20(e)A20(e)
A20(e)

A20(e) Continued...
Project / Building Name:......................................................... Main Contractor:...................................................................... Main Distribution Board

Address / Location:................................................................. Electrical Contractor:................................................................

Date: ............................................................
Distribution Board No. / Ref:................................................... Incoming Cable size / Type:.....................................................

Fed From:................................................................................ Main Breaker Type & Rating:.................................................... Document No. .............................................

Rating (Amps) Cable Type / Size Connected Load Total Diversified Load Total
Single /
Cable
Three Remarks
Type
Phase RCD No. of No. of Size Earth R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph
MCCB (kW) (kW)
Diversity Type

mA Cables Cores mm2 mm2 (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW)
Diversity Factor

Outgoing Ways
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

8
Total Connected Total Diversified
Phase Loads Phase Loads
Gross Area:.....................................................sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO AC Total Connected Load kW
Floor Area Diversified Load:.........................W/sq m SMDB Load Load after Diversity kW
W/sq m Overall Diversity %

Note: MDB outgoing ways and incomer will typically be sized in accordance with the diversified load.
203
A20(e)
  Initial Verification  Initial Verification
Solar PV Test Report Solar PV Inspection Report
 Periodic Verification  Periodic Verification
Electrical Installation address Reference Installation address Reference
Date Date
Description of work under test Inspector Circuits inspected Inspector
Test Instruments
String 1 2 3 4 n
 satisfactory  not satisfactory (give details /comments)
A20(f) Module A20(f)
A20(g)A20(f)
A20(g) Equipment/Circuits Inspected A20(g)
Array not applicable  urgent work required
Quantity
Array parameters Voc (stc) General
(as specified) Isc (stc) a.c part of the Electrical Installation
Type is tested in accordance with  
String
Rating (A) Regulations 8.1
over-current
DC Rating (V) PV Distribution Boards room
protective device
Capacity (kA)  

A20(g) Solar PV system inspection report

A20(g) Solar PV system inspection report

condition
Type
Wiring Phase (mm²)
PV Distribution Boards condition  
Earth (mm²) Proper ventilation behind PV Array  
Voc (V)
String test Isc (A)
Cable entry weatherproof  
A20(f) Solar PV test report

Irradiance Array frame suitably supported and

secured; roof fixings weatherproof
 
Polarity check
Test Voltage (V) PV Array design and installation
Array insulation
Pos Earth (MΩ)
resistance All d.c. components are rated for
Neg Earth (MΩ)
continuous operation at d.c. and at
Earth Continuity (where fitted) the maximum possible d.c. system  
Switchgear functioning correctly voltage and maximum possible d.c.
Inverter make / model current
Inverter serial number
Protection by use of class II
Inverter functions correctly insulation adopted on the d.c. side
 
Loss of mains test
PV String cables and PV d.c. main
Details of Designer: ……………………………………………………………………………................... cables are black in colour and  
Contact Details: ……………………………………………………………………………................... Double Insulated
We hereby declare that the work completed by us in relation to the above named electrical Wiring systems have been selected
installation, and detailed in the reference drawings and documents listed below, has been carried and erected to withstand the
out with due skill and care, and in accordance with the Electricity Wiring Regulations published by expected external influences such  
the Regulation & Supervision Bureau for the Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in Abu Dhabi: as wind, temperature and solar
Authorised signatory & name: ……………………………..….....…… Date: ………………............. radiation
………………………..……….....…… String cables are sized to
Reference drawings and schedules: ……………………...……....... Company Stamp: ............ accommodate the maximum fault  
Registered Engineer Certificate No. .................................................. current
Certificate Expiry Date: .....................................................................
Wiring systems are adequately
 
supported and protected
Details of Installer: ...............…………………………...................... Licence Number: .................
Contact Details: ……………………………………………………………………..………………….. If applicable, String over-current
We hereby declare that the work completed by us in relation to the above named electrical Protective Devices are fitted and  
installation, and detailed in the reference drawings and documents listed below, has been carried correctly specified
out with due skill and care, and in accordance with the Electricity Wiring Regulations published by Verify that a d.c. switch disconnector
the Regulation & Supervision Bureau for the Water, Wastewater and Electricity Sector in Abu Dhabi: is provided on the d.c. side of the  
Authorised signature & name: ………………………………………… Date: ………….…................ Inverter
………………………………………………………………………….... If applicable, where blocking diodes
Reference drawings and schedules: .....………………………..……. Company Stamp: ................... are fitted, the reverse voltage rating
is at least 2 × Voc stc of the PV
 
Registered Engineer Certificate No. .............................................
Certificate Expiry Date: ........................................................................ String in which they are fitted

204 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 205
 A21. General Marinas connection
arrangements

 satisfactory  not satisfactory (give details /comments) Connection to mains supply (single phase and three phase)
A20(g) Equipment/Circuits Inspected A20(g)
A21
A20(g)
A21 A21
not applicable  urgent work required

Protection against overvoltage Marina Pedestal

/ electric shock
2 pole switch
To minimise voltages induced by
RCBO (30mA)
lightning, verify that the area of all RCBO (10mA)
 

DB
wiring loops has been kept as small Single phase industrial socket-outlet
as possible
RCBO (10mA)
Module frame protective Earthing
Single phase industrial socket-outlet
Conductors have been correctly  
installed and are connected to Earth
RCBO (10mA)
If applicable, check that a type B Single phase industrial socket-outlet
RCD is installed
 
RCBO (10mA)
Means of isolating the Inverter have
been provided on the a.c. side
  Single phase industrial socket-outlet
A20(g) Continued...

PV Array design and installation RCBO (10mA)

Single phase light
All Circuits, Protective Devices,
switches and terminals are suitably  
labelled
All d.c. junction boxes (PV generator
and PV Array boxes) carry a warning
label indicating that active parts
inside the boxes are fed from a  
PV Array and may still be live after Marina Pedestal
isolation from the PV Inverter and
public grid supply 4 pole switch
The main a.c. and d.c. isolating RCBO (30mA)
switches are clearly labelled
  RCBO (10mA)

DB
Three phase industrial socket-outlet
Dual supply warning labels are fitted
at point of interconnection
  RCBO (10mA)
Three phase industrial socket-outlet
A single line wiring diagram is
displayed on site
 
RCBO (10mA)
Emergency shutdown procedures Single phase industrial socket-outlet
are displayed on site
 
RCBO (10mA)
All signs and labels are suitably
affixed and durable
  Single phase industrial socket-outlet

RCBO (10mA)
Single phase light

Note 1: protection can be provided by a combination of suitably rated MCBs and

suitably rated RCDs.

Note 2: Earth Leakage Protection shall be effective for leakage currents of no

greater than 30 mA, refer to clause 9.9.16.

206 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 207
 A22.
A22. GeneralGeneral solar PV
solar PV connection connection
arrangements arrangements

A22 A22

d.c. side a.c. side

PV Inverter PV SMDB
PV d.c. main cable (+) d.c.
PV supply cable
PV d.c. main cable (-)

a.c.
Isolation Isolation
device device
(9.10.20) (9.10.21)

d.c.

a.c.
Isolation Isolation
device device

d.c.

a.c.
Isolation Isolation
Solar PV String device device
connected in series
PV switch
disconnector refer
to clause 9.10.22

Solar PV String
connected in series

To Main Distribution Board

Solar PV String
connected in series

208 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 110 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)
 Guidance notes
G
G1. Guidance note on supply Voltage change 213

G2. Estimation of Connected Load and

diversity factors 214

G3. Photographs
(a) Photograph of busbar riser 225
(b) Photograph of Final Distribution Board
(horizontal DIN rail) 226
(c) Photograph of Final Distribution Board
(vertical, split busbar type) 227

G4. Electric shock, ELP and EEB systems

(a) Direct Contact with electricity 228

Guidance notes (b)

(c)
Indirect Contact with electricity
Main and Supplementary Earthed Equipotential
Bonding (EEB)
229

230
(d) Illustration of Earth Leakage Protected
System (ELPS) 231
(e) Grading of RCDs in an ELP system 232
(f) ELP system supplied from LV switchroom 233
(g) Calculation of Touch Voltage (ELP system) 234
(h) Calculation of Touch Voltage (EEB system) 235

G5. Electric shock and RCD characteristics

(a) RCD operating characteristics and electric shock 236
(b) Typical values of body resistance and
physiological effects 237
(c) RCD operating principle 238
(d) Types of RCDs 239
(e) Sources of tripping of RCDs 240

110 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 211
 G1. Guidance note on supply Voltage change

G6. Protection of buried cables 241 Distribution Companies in the UAE have traditionally based the design
of their networks on the UK power system. Previously, the Voltage of
G7. Common errors supply was declared to be 240 V single-phase or 415 V three phase, with
an allowed variation in Voltage of +/- 6%. With the harmonization
(a) Exposed unsheathed cables at termination points 242 of supply Voltages in Europe (in line with BS EN 50160) the supply
Voltage is 230 / 400 V +/- 10%. In the UK, the variation is currently G1
(b) Protection of high temperature connections 243
limited to +10% -6%.
(c) Weather protected outdoor socket-outlets 244
These Regulations have adopted the same nominal Voltage of supply
(d) Earth tails in Accessories and connection boxes 245 with a variation of +10% - 6% (clause 4.1.3). This range has been
(e) Minimum depth of buried plastic conduit 246 adopted to allow existing distribution network assets to continue to
operate without modification, and also provides a superior Voltage range
(f) Circuit identification numbers on Accessories to Customers. With an allowed Voltage drop of 4% within an Owner’s
and Earth Conductors 247 Electrical Installation (clause 7.5.10) this ensures the total Voltage drop to
Appliances will not exceed 10% of the nominal Voltage of 230/400 V.
(g) Missing grommets and sharp edges on Cable Tray 248
(h) Cables in ceiling-voids 249
(i) Cable glands for Earthing of armoured cable 250 225.6 240 254.4
-6% +6%
Old UK supply Voltage range
previously used in Abu Dhabi
(j) Earth continuity connections across Cable
Tray and conduit 251
207.0 230 253.0
(k) Prohibited terminal blocks and taped connections 252 -10% +10% BS EN 50160 supply Voltage

(l) Slotting of steel gland plates for single core cables 253
216.2 230 253.0 Range of supply Voltage adopted in
(m) Flex-outlets 254 -6% +10%
these Regulations

G8. Typical lighting Circuit installations 255

200 210 220 230 240 250 260

G9. Isolation and switching 258

G10. Typical lightning protection system details

(a) Typical lightning protection system details 259
(b) Lightning Earth Electrodes 261

G11. Changes in the Third Edition (March 2014) 262

212 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 213
 G2. Estimation of Connected Load and
diversity factors G2. Continued...

Load diversity This Guidance note provides diversity allowances for specific situations.
The factors used may be increased or decreased by the designer
Where a Circuit consists of multiple points of utilisation (e.g. depending on the intended design of the Electrical Installation. The
socket-outlets), the Circuit load current can be assessed by simply designer must provide the relevant justification to the Distribution
adding the individual full load current of all points of utilisation. While, Company.
G2 this would provide a conservative design, it will lead to over sizing the G2
Circuit because in reality the sum of individual loads rarely equal to Sizing of Final Circuits
the actual load current required by the Circuit. This is known as load
diversity. As indicated in Clause 5.2.5 and Appendix A6(f), the relationship
between the Circuit load current (Ic), the Protective Device nominal
For example, the load seen at the Sub Main Distribution Board that current rating (In), and the current carrying capacity of the Circuit
is feeding multiple apartments in a residential building will rarely see conductors (Id) is as follows:
all apartments at full load at the same time. Therefore, allowances for
diversity between loads must be taken into consideration in sizing Final Ic ≤ In ≤ Id in addition;
Circuits and other distribution Circuits. Moreover, certain Appliances
such as a washing machine have a number of components that may be Id ≥ 1.15 x In (cables must selected with ratings at least 1.15 times the
independently controlled and vary over time. Therefore, over the duration Protective Device nominal current rating).
of the wash cycle, the total demand will not always be maintained at the
full load rating, as various components switch in and out. For example, the Circuit full load current of a single phase 4 kW
Appliance, can be calculated using the following formula
The allowances for diversity in an Electrical Installation varies depending (power factor = 1 for resistive load):
on many factors, these factors may include: Power (W)
Current (Ic) =
Voltage V x PF
(a) type and nature of the Electrical Installation (residential,
commercial, industrial, etc); 4000
Current (Ic) = = 17.4 A
230 x 1
(b) intended use of utilisation points (e.g. general use socket-
outlets for the connection of portable Appliances compared to
Therefore, the Protective Device nominal current rating (In) must not
dedicated socket-outlets for a fixed connection);
be less than 20A (nearest standard rating), and the current carrying
capacity for the Circuit conductor (Id) must be not less than 23A
(c) number of utilisation points in a Circuit (e.g. a SMBD feed two (20A x 1.15), assuming grouping and temperature rating factors to be 1.
FDBs compared to 10 FDBs); and The above calculation ensures that the Circuit is suitably rated for the
Appliance to draw 17.4A for a continuous period of time.
(d) operating characteristics of the Connected Load (e.g. the use of
a/c units in Abu Dhabi is essential in the summer and in many The relevant Protective Device nominal ratings, cable size and cable
cases it will be running most of the time). rating for typical Circuit applications are provided in Appendix A6(f).
For other non-typical Circuit applications, the designer shall determine
It is important to note that allowances for diversity in an Electrical the appropriate Circuit rating based on the total Connected Load of all
Installation may vary between similar installation. Therefore, the Appliances and knowledge of the intended Circuit application.
designer of the Electrical Installation may select different allowances
representing the intensity of usage (e.g. higher value for high usage
Circuits, such as communal kitchens, lower value for lower occupancy
dwellings, etc).

214 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 215
 G2. Continued... G2. Continued...

Final Circuit estimated Connected Load for sizing Final Note 1: where the Connected Load of a Luminaire is less than 100 W, then the
G2 Distribution Board design of the lamp holder associated with that Luminaire must only permit G2
the insertion of this type of lamp. The Connected Load in this case should
For sizing the Final Distribution Board, the Connected Load of a Final be the highest actual lamp wattage that can be accommodated by such
Circuit is estimated by adding the load of all points of utilisation (e.g. lamp holder or that the control gear can deliver.
socket-outlets) and items of Appliance connected to the Circuit and
G2 where appropriate making allowances for diversity. The table below Note 2: where no exact information is available, the lamp wattage must be multiplied G2
gives the estimated Connected Load for typical Appliances that can by not less than 1.8.
be used for sizing Final Distribution Boards. Specific site information Note 3: if the Connected Load on socket-outlet Circuits are known then the
should be used where available. designer may choose to use specific values. For example, in an office
building where the socket-outlet Circuits comprise of business machines
The table below should be used as a guide for sizing the Final Distribution
each rated at 150 W, then the demand of each socket-outlet point will be
Board only.
counted as 150 W.
Connected
Note 4: standby loads should not be considered when sizing the Final Distribution
Appliance per Final Assumed Connected Load
Board. For example, where three pumps are configured with two run and
Circuit
one standby, the standby pump load should not be included in sizing of
• sum of wattage of all Luminaires or assume 100 W the Final Distribution Board. In such cases provision for interlocks must be
for each lighting point (note 1) provided to prevent operation of all pumps simultaneously.
• chandelier lighting point – 500 W
Lighting
• lamp wattage plus losses of associated control
gear such as ballasts and capacitors for fluorescent Diversity allowance between Final Circuits for sizing Sub
lighting (note 2) Main Distribution Board
13A socket-outlets The diversity allowances shown in the table below are for specific
– (for general use for situations and meant to only provide guidance. The figures given in
• 200 W each (note 3)
the connection of the table may need to be increased or decreased depending on the
portable Appliances) particular circumstances. The table below is used as a guide for sizing of
13A socket-outlets/ the Sub Main Distribution Boards only.
flex outlets and
industrial socket- • actual rating of Appliance The table below can be used as a guide for sizing the Sub Main
outlets – (fixed Distribution Boards feeding multiple Final Circuits downstream.
Appliances) For e.g., if a SMDB in a villa feeds one central water heater, then no
diversity allowance is allowed. However, if a SMDB in a high rise
Water heater • 1,500 W or actual rating of Appliance
building feeds a number of flats each with multiple water heaters then,
Washing machine, 50% diversity allowance can be used.
• 1,500 W each or actual rating of Appliance
dryer, dishwasher
Cooker • 3,000 W plus the largest ring or actual rating
Fridge • 300 W or full rating of Appliance
Motors (e.g. lifts) • actual rating
• split air-conditioning units – full rating
Air Conditioning • window air-conditioning units – full rating
• central a/c units – full rating

216 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 217
 G2. Continued... G2. Continued...

Total sum of Shops, stores,

Power demand
G2 G2
the estimated Residential offices, schools, Hotels, motels,
Connected premises, villas, mosques, accommodation
The calculated Diversified Load for Premises should be checked against
Loads on all flats business houses
electricity usage data for similar Premises. The following table provides
Final Circuits premises
some guidance to the total demand for lighting and small power
G2 (with air-conditioning) for various Premises types at MDB level. It is G2
Lighting 75% 90% 90% important to note that the values below depends on a number of factors
13A socket- including weather, occupancy hours, use of smart technology, thermal
outlets – (for performance and building management system.
general use for
50% 70% 50%
the connection
of portable Premise type Power demand
Appliances)
Range W/m² Average W/m²
13A socket-
outlets/flex Domestic 30-80 55
50% 50% 50%
outlets – (fixed Offices 100-150 125
Appliances)
Hotels 75-100 88
Water heater 50%* 50%* 50%*
Shops 40-100 70
Washing
Car Parks (open air) 0-10 5
machine, dryer, 50% 50% 50%
dishwasher Car Park (basement without a/c) 10-20 15

Cooker 50% 75% 80%

Note 7: during summer, air-conditioning make up 70% to 80% of the total power
Motors (e.g. lifts) 50% 70% 70%
demand.
Air-Conditioning 90% 90% 90%
Note 8: the above figures represents power demand values at building plot level.
* if water heating is centralised, then no diversity allowance is allowed.

Note 5: a 90% diversity factor may be applied for split or window type
air-conditioning units; diversity factors for central a/c units should be based
on manufacturers data or load data taken from other similar installations
(during summer temperature conditions).

Note 6: additional diversity factors of typically 0.9 may be applied at Sub Main
Distribution Boards (in consideration of the diversity between downstream
Final Distribution Boards) and Main Distribution Boards (in consideration of
the diversity between downstream Sub Main Distribution Boards). Hence,
the expected demand at the Electricity Intake may be 0.81 times the sum
of the FDB Diversified Loads.

218 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 219
 G2. Continued... G2. Continued...

Worked example Differing types of loads allows the Watts per square metre to be checked
at each stage of the calculation. Spare allowances are not included
The worked example shows how diversity may be applied to a Low within the elemental calculation of Watts per square metre, only in the
Voltage Electrical Installations for a typical project. It is not intended overall calculation. The range of diversity applied will be dependent
that the figures provided are to be used on projects but are guidance on the building type, its intended use, its location and the construction
on where diversities can be applied within the installation. The sample standards adopted (for example the level of thermal insulation will
G2 impact on the energy usage within a building). G2
is not intended for use in sizing sub-mains or Final Circuits, their
evaluation for Voltage drop and applied grouping and rating factors. The arrangement of the Distribution Boards allows the designer
Outgoing Circuit to identify the diversity type and factor as well as the Circuit type.
arrangements are Abreviations contained within the schedules are detailed below:
the same as SMDB 1F

Lift 1

Lift 2
DB 1A
SMDB - 2F

SMDB - 3F

SMDB - 4F

SMDB - 5F

SMDB - 6F
DB 1B

Surge Protection Device

Sprinkler Pump
DB 1C Abbreviation System Comments
DB 1D

Power Factor Correction

Jockey Pump
Power including fixed Appliances,
SMDB - 1F
PWR socket outlets, cookers and other
Chiller 3

dedicated equipment supplies.

MCC - 1

LTG Lighting both internal and external

Chiller 2

DB EXT
DB LL

Applies to local and

Chiller 1

WH Water heating

SPD
centralised systems.
Air-conditioning motors for
Motors including lifts, sanitary air handling units and chilled
MO
MDB-1
pumps, water pumps etc. water systems are included
Outline schematic of a notional building
within the A/C Section
Air-conditioning units including Motors associated with
The notional building comprises a 7 story apartment building (G+6) with
A/C chillers, fan coils, air handling ventilation and air-conditioning
a ground floor common area, car park and landscape area externally.
units and chilled water pumps are included in this section.
All apartments are the same size, 3 bedrooms and are located from
first to sixth floor. Each apartment is provided with its own dedicated Sub-Main Distribution diversity The applied diversity applied
Distribution Board supplied from a tenant Sub Main Distribution Board SM applied across the equipment to all of the distribution on an
located at each floor level. Centralised chillers are provided configured served. elemental basis.
with 2 duty and 1 standby, these are interlocked to prevent all 3 of them RAD Radial Circuit
running simultaneously. A centralised plant room provides: RNG Ring Circuit
ELA Earth leakage alarm
• Air handling facilities for fresh air and extract to the building
RCD (S) Time delayed RCD
configured in duty only.
• Pumped water facilities for domestic water configured in duty ELR Earth leakage relay
standby.
• Pumps associated with the chilled water systems configured in duty Loads that are standby such as sprinkler pumps which are not normally
required except in an emergency may be omitted from the diversified
standby. load calculation. For loads that are configured in run/standby, the standby
element of the distribution may be omitted from the diversified load.
A sprinkler system is provided with a main electric pump and jockey Where the loads are connected in 2N format, for example data centres,
pump to prime the system. The back up is provided by a diesel fire only a single load may be counted for the diversified loads. The area used
pump. There are two lifts in the building to serve the upper floors. in the calculation of the Watts per square meter is the gross internal
floor area.
220 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 221
 G2

222
Project/Building : Mr Mubarak Al Hosni Building Main Contractor : Sedmund Construction LLC
Address/Location : Sector ME 10 Plot C-96, Abu Dhabi Electrical Contractor : Al Rama EC
Distribution Board No/Ref : MDB-1 Electrical Intake Room Incoming Cable size / type : Cables by Distribution Company Date : 16/02/2014
Fed From : Transformer 1 Main Breaker Type & Rating : 1000A ACB Document No : ARE-34-1
Single/ Rating (Amps) Cable Type / Size Connected Load Total Diversified Load Total
Cable
Three RCD MCCB / No. of No. of Size ECC R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph Remarks

Type
Type

Factor
Phase (kW) (kW)
G2.

Diversity
Diversity
(mA) ACB Cables Cores mm² mm² (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW)
Outgoing Ways:
LSF/
1 Chiller 1 3 500(S) 200 SWA
1 3 95 1c 50 25.00 25.00 25.00 75.00 A/C 0.90 22.50 22.50 22.50 67.50 Run
LSF/
2 Chiller 2 3 500(S) 200 SWA
1 3 95 1c 50 25.00 25.00 25.00 75.00 A/C 0.90 22.50 22.50 22.50 67.50 Run
LSF/
3 Chiller 3 3 500(S) 200 SWA
1 3 95 1c 50 25.00 25.00 25.00 75.00 A/C 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Standby
LSF/
4 MCC-1 3 ELR 100 SWA
1 4 35 1c 16 13.39 13.39 13.39 40.18 SM 1.00 8.84 8.84 8.84 26.53
LSF/
5 SMDB 1F 3 ELR 200 SWA
1 4 70 1c 35 30.32 30.40 30.60 91.32 SM 0.85 12.56 13.98 14.01 40.56
LSF/
6 SMDB 2F 3 ELR 200 SWA
1 4 70 1c 35 30.40 30.60 30.32 91.32 SM 0.85 14.01 12.56 13.98 40.56
LSF/
7 SMDB 3F 3 ELR 200 1 4 70 1c 35 30.60 30.32 30.40 91.32 SM 0.85 13.98 14.01 12.56 40.56
Continued...

SWA
LSF/
8 SMDB 4F 3 ELR 200 SWA
1 4 70 1c 35 30.32 30.40 30.60 91.32 SM 0.85 12.56 13.98 14.01 40.56
LSF/
9 SMDB 5F 3 ELR 200 SWA
1 4 70 1c 35 30.40 30.60 30.32 91.32 SM 0.85 14.01 12.56 13.98 40.56
LSF/
10 SMDB 6F 3 ELR 200 SWA
1 4 70 1c 35 30.60 30.32 30.40 91.32 SM 0.85 13.98 14.01 12.56 40.56
11 FDB-LL Landlords LSF/
3 300(S) 80 SWA
1 4 25 1c 16 10.88 10.92 10.23 32.03 SM 0.90 7.51 7.54 7.06 22.12
Services GF electrical room
12 FDB-SL-EXT External LSF/
3 300(S) 63 SWA
1 4 16 1c 16 6.85 6.86 6.51 20.23 SM 0.90 5.14 5.15 4.88 15.17
Lighting GF Elect. Room
LSF/
13 Jockey Pump 3 ELA 16 SWA
1 3 4 1c 4 1.50 1.50 1.50 4.50 MO 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.75 2.25
LSF/ Emergency
14 Sprinkler Pump 3 ELA 125 SWA
1 3 50 1c 25 20.00 20.00 20.00 60.00 MO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Only
LSF/
15 Lift 1 3 300(S) 63 SWA
1 4 16 1c 16 8.00 8.00 8.00 24.00 MO 0.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 12.00
LSF/
16 Lift 2 3 300(S) 6 SWA
1 4 16 1c 16 8.00 8.00 8.00 24.00 MO 0.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 12.00
17 Power Factor Correction LSF/
3 300(S) 200 SWA
1 3 95 1c 50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
(100kVAr)
18 Secondary Lightning
LSF Integral in
Surge Suppression 3 ELA 125 Singles
4 1 35 1c 35 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03
MDB
Device (Type 1, 2 & 3)
Total Diversified Phase
Total Connected Phase Loads 326.27 326.31 325.27 Loads
156.4 156.4 155.7

Gross Area 9000.00 sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO A/C Total Connected Load: 977.85 kW
Floor Area Diversified Load 52.05 W/sq m MDB Load 149.16 49.11 26.03 29.69 214.45 Load After Diversity 468.45 kW
W/sq m 16.57 5.46 2.89 3.30 23.83 Overall Diversity 48%

Project/Building : Mr Mubarak Al Hosni Building Main Contractor : Sedmund Construction LLC

Address/Location : Sector ME 10 Plot C-96, Abu Dhabi Electrical Contractor : Al Rama EC
Distribution Board No/Ref : SMDB-1F First Floor Elect. Room Incoming Cable size / type : 4C 70mm2 XLPE/LSF/SWA with 35mm2 Supplemental Earth Date : 16/02/2014
Fed From : MDB-1 (Intake Room) Main Breaker Type & Rating : 125A MCCB Document No : ARE-34-2
Single/ Rating (Amps) Cable Type / Size Connected Load Total Diversified Load Total
Cable
Three RCD MCCB No. of No. of Size ECC R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph R-Ph Y-Ph B-Ph Remarks
G2.

Type

Type
Factor

Phase (kW) (kW)

Diversity
Diversity

(mA) ACB Cables Cores mm² mm² (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW) (kW)
Outgoing Ways:
1 FDB-1A First Floor LSF/
3 300(s) 63 SWA
1 4 25 1c 16 7.58 7.60 7.65 22.83 SM 0.90 3.69 4.11 4.12 11.93
Apartment
2 FDB-1B First Floor LSF/
3 300(s) 63 SWA
1 4 25 1c 16 7.58 7.60 7.65 22.83 SM 0.90 3.69 4.11 4.12 11.93
Apartment
3 FDB-1C First Floor LSF/
3 300(s) 63 SWA
1 4 25 1c 16 7.58 7.60 7.65 22.83 SM 0.90 3.69 4.11 4.12 11.93
Apartment
4 FDB-1D First Floor LSF/
3 300(s) 63 SWA
1 4 25 1c 16 7.58 7.60 7.65 22.83 SM 0.90 3.69 4.11 4.12 11.93
Apartment
Continued...

Total Diversified Phase

Total Connected Phase Loads 30.32 30.40 30.60 Loads
14.8 16.5 16.5

Gross Area 47.72 sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO A/C Total Connected Load: 91.32 kW
Floor Area Diversified Load 43.38 W/sq m SMDB Load 27.29 5.94 4.32 0.45 9.72 Load After Diversity 47.72 kW
W/sq m 24.81 5.40 3.93 0.41 8.84 Overall Diversity 52%
223
G2
 G2
G2

224
Project/Building : Mr Mubarak Al Hosni Building Main Contractor : Sedmund Construction LLC
Address/Location : Sector ME 10 Plot C-96, Abu Dhabi Electrical Contractor : Al Rama EC
Distribution Board No/Ref : FDB-1A First Floor Apartment Incoming Cable size / type : 4C 25mm2 XLPE/LSF/SWA with 16mm Supplemental Earth Date : 16/02/2014
Fed From : SMDB-1F Main Breaker Type & Rating : 63A isolator + 2 RCD’s (See below) Document No : ARE-34-3
CABLE SIZE No Of Points (Double Single) Circuit Load in (kW)
Cable
CCT Connected Load
G2.

ECC Rating A Circuit Name / Point reference

Type
per Point (kW)

Factor
WIRE WIRE R Y B

Busbar
(kW)

Diversity
Diversity

Type
Type
Type
REMARKS

Cable Type
Circuit Type
mm2 mm2

Number
Number
Number

MCB RTG (A)

CCT REF No.

Section/ RCD
R1 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) Lighting Bedrooms 1, 2 3 9 A Single Core LTG 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.900 LTG 0.75

Y1 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) Lighting (fluorescent) - Kitchen 2 B 1 F 1 D Single Core LTG 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.200 LTG 0.75

B1 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) Lighting Lounge (Inc. Chandelier 500W) 4 A 1 C Single Core LTG 0.100 0.500 0.000 0.900 LTG 0.75

R2 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) Smoke Alarms 4 SA Single Core RAD 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.080 PWR 1.00

Y2 16 2.5 2.5 24.0 (4.7) FCU-1, FCU-2, FCU-3 3 FCU Single Core RAD 0.200 0.000 0.000 0.600 A/C 0.90

Section 1 -
B2 16 2.5 2.5 24.0 (4.7) FCU-4 1 FCU-4 Single Core RAD 1.200 0.000 0.000 1.200 A/C 0.90

40A, 3ph, 100mA

Continued...

R3 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) Intruder Alarm Panel 1 IAP Single Core RAD 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.100 PWR 1.00

Y3 20 4 4 32.0 (6.3) A/C Unit 1 A/C Single Core RAD 1.200 0.000 0.000 1.200 A/C 0.90

B3 16 2.5 2.5 24.0 (4.7) Drainage Pump 1 ESP Single Core RAD 0.250 0.000 0.000 0.250 MO 0.50

R4 32 6 6 41.0 (8.0) Cooker 1 COOK Single Core RAD 3.000 0.000 0.000 3.000 PWR 0.50

Y4 20 4 4 32.0 (6.3) Water Heaters: Bathroom & Kitchen 2 WH-1 Single Core RAD 1.200 0.000 0.000 2.400 WH 0.50

63A TP&N Isolator

Lighting (fl) + shaver socket - bathrooms
B4 6 1.5 1.5 17.5 (3.4) 4 E Single Core LTG 0.050 0.000 0.000 0.200 LTG 0.75
1 & 2

R5 32 2 x 4 2 x 4 51.2 (10.0) Socket-Outlets-Kitchen Ring (Inc. fridge) 4 TSSO 2 SSO Single Core RNG 0.400 0.200 0.000 2.000 PWR 0.50

Y5 20 4 4 32.0 (6.3) Sockets-Outlets - Maids room & Corridor 2 TSSO 1 SSO Single Core RAD 0.400 0.200 0.000 1.00 PWR 0.50

Section 2 -
Dishwasher Via Double pole switch &
B5 20 4 4 32.0 (6.3) 1 DW Single Core RAD 1.500 0.000 0.000 1.500 PWR 0.50

40A, 3ph, 30mA

Socket-Outlet
Washing Machine Via Double pole switch
R6 20 4 4 32.0 (6.3) 1 WM Single Core RAD 1.500 0.000 0.000 1.50 PWR 0.50
& Socket-Outlet

Y6 32 2x4 2x4 51.2 (10.0) Sockets-Outlets -Ring Lounge/Hall 5 TSSO 1 SSO Single Core RNG 0.400 0.200 0.000 2.20 PWR 0.50

B6 32 2x4 2 x4 51.2 (10.0) Socket-Outlets - Bedroom 1, 2, 3 9 TSSO Single Core RNG 0.400 0.000 0.000 3.60 PWR 0.50

Gross Area 250.00 sq m Diversified Load Types PWR LTG WH MO AC Total Connected Loads 7.58 7.60 7.65 22.83 kW

Floor Area Diversified Load 53.02 W/sq m DB Load 7.58 1.65 1.20 0.13 2.70

W/sq m 30.32 6.60 4.80 0.50 10.80 Load After Diversity 4.11 4.57 4.58 58% 13.26 kW
G3(a) Photograph of busbar riser

The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition)

Typical busbar riser system including plug-in circuit breaker

225
G3(a)
 G3(b)Photograph
G3(b) Photograph of finalof Final Distribution
distribution boards Board G3(c) Photograph of Final Distribution Board
(horizontal
(horizontal DIN rail) DIN rail) G3(c) (vertical,
Photograph of finaltype)
split busbar distribution board
(vertical, split busbar type)

R1 Y1 B1 R2 Y2 B2 R3 Y3 B3

G3(b) G3(c)

R1 R3
Y1 Y3
B1 B3
R2 R4
Y2 Y4
B2 B4

R5 R10
Y5 Y10
B5 B10
R6 R11
Y6 Y11
B6 B11
R7 R12
Y7 Y12

B7 B12
R1 Y1 B1 R2 Y2 B2 R3 Y3 B3 R4 Y4 B4
R8 R13
Y8 Y13
B8 B13

SECTION-1 SECTION-2
R9 R14
Y9 Y14
B9 B14

SECTION-1 SECTION-2
MAIN

226 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 227
 G4(a) Direct Contact with electricity G4(b) Indirect Contact with electricity

1. Contact between Exposed-Conductive-Part and Extraneous-Conductive-Part

2. Contact with Exposed-Conductive-Part
3. Contact with Extraneous-Conductive-Part

G4(a) FDB G4(b)

RCD RCD

MET
EEB Conductor

Supply CEC
Cable

Earth Fault

Extraneous Extraneous
Conductive Part Conductive Part
(water pipe) (building structure)

Note: illustration shows TN-S supply system i.e. Distribution Company Earthed
with Earthed Equipotential Bonding (EEB) of Extraneous metalwork. Live
[ see Regulation 5.3 ] conductors are not shown for clarity.

[ see Regulations 5.3 and 5.5 ]

228 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 229
 G4(c) Main and Supplementary Earthed G4(d) Illustration of Earth Leakage Protected
Equipotential Bonding (EEB) System (ELPS)

SELV transformers
for mirror
demister & light Luminaire to IPX5
in ceiling void

Shower fitting
SELV
Fan
mirror
light

Mirror with

G4(c) Electric shower SELV demister Shaver socket

with isolating
transformer FDB
G4(d)
Bath & basin
pipes

RCD RCD

Exposed metal
Water pipe
Metallic waste pipes

CEC CEC

MCCB
Distribution Circuits
CEC +
ELP
MCCB FDB
CEC CIRCUIT B MCCB MCCB
+ +
ELP ELP
MCCB MCCB
CEC

CEC CIRCUIT A

MET

Isolator
MET
Supplementary EEB

Isolator

Main EEB
MEC

Water
meter

Gas
meter
Main Supply
(TN-S and TT)
System

Incoming Cold Chilled Sprinkler Gas

water water
supply cable (TN-S)

Note 1: live conductors are not shown for clarity. Note: Main Distribution Board includes MCCB with Earth Leakage Protection.
Live conductors are not shown for clarity.
Note 2: characteristics of MCBs for Final Distribution Boards must be coordinated
against Earth Fault Loop Impedance values to give a maximum of 0.4 sec
tripping for circuit A (socket-outlet supplying portable appliances) and [ see Regulation 5.4 ]
for circuit B (fixed appliances). Also, MCCBs must coordinate to give a
maximum of 0.4 sec tripping time for distribution circuits. (see clauses
5.5.2 and 5.5.3).
Note 3: clamps for Earthing and bonding shall be in accordance with BS 951.
(see clause 5.5.11).

[ see Regulation 5.5 ]

230 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 231
 G4(f) ELP system supplied from LV
G4(e) Grading of RCDs in an ELP system switchroom

SMDB
with MCCBs
and Earth Leakage
G4(e) Protection where G4(f)
Switch wire appropriate

MDB FDB Live wire

R
Y

RCD
B

RCD R
Y

type S 100mA
B

(see Note 1) Y
B

RCD RCD
RCD 30mA
30mA
100mA 30mA
Outdoor
socket-outlet with
30mA RCD Final DB with 100mA
Main Circuit Breaker
and 30mA RCDs

Earth Leakage Protection

Note 1: Type S RCDs provide time delayed operation in order to discriminate with RCDs at the Final
Distribution Board. Alternatively, for high current applications a MCCB with sensitive earth
Note 1: fault (E/F)
type relay may be used.
S RCDs provide time delayed operation in order to discriminate
Note 2: 30mAwith
RCD RCDs
protectionat isthe Final
required forDistribution
socket-outletsBoard. Alternatively,
serving portable for 100mA
appliances; high current
RCD protection is required for fixed appliances and circuits
applications a MCCB with Earth Leakage Protection may be used. LOOR
1ST F
MER SMDB
INCO

Note 2: a maximum of 30mA RCD protection is required for socket-outlets serving

portable Appliances; a maximum of 100mA RCD protection is required for fixed
Appliances and Circuits.
[see Regulation 5.4, clause, 5.4.5, 5.4.6]

[ see Regulation 5.4, clauses 5.4.5 and 5.4.6 ] Incoming supply cables

[ see clauses 5.4.5 and 5.4.6 ]

232 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 233
 G4(g) Calculation of Touch Voltage G4(h) Calculation of Touch Voltage
(ELP system) (EEB system)

Extraneous N
N Conductive Part Extraneous
L V L Conductive Part
t R1 V
t
I
G4(g) F I G4(h)
F
Rs
R2
R2
VR2 Supplementary EEB

MET V Vt Vf
F MET
Main EEB
Vt VR2
Ze
Ze
RMET

Vt = IF (R2 + Ze )
Notes:

Without supplementary EEB the Touch Voltage Vt is approximately equal to the Voltage
Note 1: Touch Voltage Vt is approximately equal to the fault Voltage Vf assuming
drop across the Circuit Earth Conductor resistance R2 .
that the Extraneous-Conductive-Part is in good contact with Earth.
To calculate Vt:
Note 2: Ze is the resistance of the Earth Electrode (TT system) or the incoming
Uo
supply Earth Fault Loop Impedance (TN-S) system. Vt VR2 = IF x R2 = ___ x R2
Zs
Note 3: the illustration shows unbonded Extraneous-Conductive-Parts, such as in Where:
an Earth Leakage Protected System (ELPS).
UO = supply Voltage to Earth

Zs = total Earth Fault Loop Impedance

[ see Regulation 5.5 ]
Example:

For an Appliance supplied by an MCB (type C) of nominal rating 16A, the maximum
Earth Fault Loop Impedance to give a 0.4 sec disconnection time, given under
Appendix A5(h) is 1.5 Ohms. R2 is measured as 0.9 Ohms.

Hence:
230
Vt = ___ x R2 = 138 V
1.5
If the measured Earth Fault Loop Impedance is higher than 1.5 Ohms the time-current
characteristic of the MCB will need to be checked to see if a disconnection time of
0.4sec can be achieved (the Touch Voltage will be higher), otherwise RCD protection will
be required. If supplementary bonding is applied then the Touch Voltage is dramatically
reduced (the Voltage drop equates to the current passing through the supplementary
bonding times the resistance of the supplementary bonding Rs).

234 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 235
 G5(a) RCD operating characteristics and G5(b) Typical values of body resistance and
electric shock physiological effects

These Regulations include a compulsory requirement for provision of

Human resistance for various skin contact conditions (k Ohms)
Earth Leakage Protection (ELP) on all Final Circuits where Appliances
may be used by any persons. This is normally achieved with RCD devices
complying with BS EN 61008 and BS IEC 1008 which must operate within Touch area Dry Wet
200 ms at their residual current rating (tripping current) and within 40 ms Finger touch 40 – 1,000 4 – 15
G5(a) at 5 times their residual current rating. RCDs must not operate at below G5(b)
50% of their residual current rating. RCD devices with a residual operating Hand hold on wire 15 – 50 3 – 6
current of 30 mA or less may be used for supplementary protection against Hand hold on pipe 1 – 3 0.5 – 1.5
Direct Contact, whilst devices rated above this value provide protection
against Indirect Contact only (see clause 5.3.2). Palm touch 3 – 8 1 – 2
Internal body resistance (including skin) = 0.2 – 1 k Ohms
ELP devices do not protect against electric shock between phase conductors
or between phase and neutral nor do they provide any overload protection.
The response of the human body depends on the time and magnitude of
current that may pass at the time of an electric shock incident. The ‘low Voltage required to produce
risk’ and ‘high risk’ range of current against time is illustrated below, along Electric current the current with assumed
with the operating times of typical RCD devices (from IEC 60479). (1 second Physiological effect body resistance:
contact) 100 k Ohms 1 k Ohms
10,000
A B C1 C2 C3 IEC 60479
(dry finger) (wet hand)

5,000 Threshold of feeling,

1 mA 100 V 1 V
tingling sensation
2,000
Accepted as maximum
5 mA 500 V 5 V
1,000 harmless current
Time in milliseconds

500 Beginning of sustained

1 2 3 4 10-20 mA muscular contraction 1000 V 10 V
200 ("Can't let go" current)
100 Ventricular fibrillation,
fatal if continued.
50 100-300 mA 10000 V 100 V
Respiratory function
20 continues

10
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 2 3 5 10 20 30 50 100 200 300 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 5,000 10,000
Current in milliamperes (RMS)
Typical current limits
due to body resistance at 230V.
30mA RCD 100mA RCD

Response of human body vs. RCD characteristics:

Zone 1: usually no reaction
Zone 2: shock sensation, but usually no harmful effects
Zone 3: likelihood of muscular contraction, and temporary cardiac arrest without ventricular
fibrillation
Zone 4: in addition to the effects of zone 3, the probability of ventricular fibrillation is increased
by 5% for curve C2 and 50% for curve C3; harmful effects such as cardiac arrest,
breathing arrest and burns are likely to occur

236 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 237
 G5(c) RCD operating principle G5(d) Types of RCDs

RCD devices measure the vector sum of currents passing through the Because of the use of semiconductor devices in an Electrical Installation
phase and neutral conductors in a circuit, via a magnetic coil and electronic there may be situations when an earth fault current is not purely
amplifier. The device will trip if these are out of balance by more than sinusoidal but contains a d.c. or ‘chopped’ waveform. This may de-
the residual operating current, in accordance with the manufacturer’s sensitise or disable standard a.c. operated RCDs. Special devices are
time-current performance curve. See Guidance Note G5(a). available which are designed to continue to function for non-sinusoidal
G5(c) supply waveforms, complying with IEC1008, IEC1009 (indicated by G5(d)
The older type of voltage-operated earth leakage devices (ELCB) are the symbols shown below).
not permitted (clause 5.4.2) since they operate by detecting fault voltage
and require a connection between a Main Earth Conductor and an For RCD devices installed at a Main Distribution Boards, time delayed
Earth Electrode; these devices are therefore vulnerable to maloperation operation is usually required to avoid tripping when a fault occurs in
due to parallel earth paths. a Final Circuit (the FDB RCD should trip first). Time delayed RCD
devices are labelled ‘S type’.
Three-phase RCD:
Test button For type B RCDs, they are able to provide protection in case of
alternating residual sinusoidal currents up to 1000 Hz, pulsating direct
Test resistor residual currents and smooth direct residual currents. Refer to BS EN
62423 for more details.
L1 L1
L2 L2 TYPE AC TYPE A TYPE B
L3 L3 normal ac sensitivity pulsating dc sensitivity
N N
Load
Incoming
circuits
supply

Trip
relay

Single-phase RCD:
Test button

Test resistor

L L

N N ON
ON
Load
Incoming
circuits RCD RCD
supply

32A 100m SGA 30m

A A
WRs122 WR5102
Trip
relay

Reproduced with permission of Wylex / Electrium.

238 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 239
 G5(e) Sources of tripping of RCDs G6 Protection of buried cables

Cable marker plate

Type of fault Reason
Min 600mm in footpath
Warning tape Min 750mm in road
• Direct Contact by persons Min 300mm

• Indirect Contact (during earth fault)

• Incorrect discrimination with upstream
G5(e) G6
and downstream devices (e.g. between
MDB and FDB)
• Loose connections
CAU
TION CAUT
• Crossed neutral connections on split ELECTRIC AL CABLE B ION
busbar distribution board ELOW
• Neutral to earth fault
Downstream of
• High Earth Conductor currents (e.g. IT
RCD
equipment, filters, etc) Min 100mm
• Moisture in Circuit conductors
(especially joints in MICC cables)
• Moisture in Appliances (e.g. cooker
heating element)
• Double pole switching (capacitive effects)
• Transient voltages caused by large
Concrete or steel
inductive loads (e.g. industrial motors) protective tiles
• Damaged Circuits (e.g. nails in walls)
• Loose connections
[ see clause 7.5.8 ]
• Mains borne disturbances (e.g. surges,
lightning, harmonics, transients from overhead
Upstream of RCD
lines)
• Disturbing loads (e.g. machinery, lift
motor, etc)

240 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 241
 G7(a) Exposed unsheathed cables at G7(b) Protection of high temperature
termination points connections

Heat resistant sleeve required for

high temperature connections

[ see clause 7.5.17 ]

G7(a) G7(b)

Fixed
conduit

Clearance 50mm to front

cover of wall face unless
carried out in galvanised
conduit
Wall Light Connection

50 mm

Porcelain connector, in
conduit box to change
from fixed wiring to
flexible connection

High temperature cable

connection or high
temperature sleeving to
protect flexible cable
connections

Conduit box with

extension box to bring
containment flush with
[ see clauses 7.4.8 and 7.5.12 ] wall construction

242 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 243
 G7(d) Earth tails in Accessories and connection
G7(c) Weather protected outdoor socket-outlets boxes

G7(c) G7(d)

Double socket-outlet

30mA

PUSH
TEST

IP55 weather protected socket

outlet with 30mA RCD

[ see clauses 7.1.14, 9.4.1(b), 9.5.1(b) and 9.6.2(i)]

Light switch

[ see clause 6.6.4 ]

244 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 245
 G7(e) Minimum depth of buried plastic G7(f) Circuit identification numbers on
conduit Accessories and Earth Conductors

FDB2-Y5

FDB
G7(e) FDB2-R5 2-R
1
G7(f)

(Circuit identification numbers,

See clause 3.6.4,3.6.5)

N1

N2
E3
E2
E1

Min 50mm

Buried plastic conduits in walls or ceilings must be min 50mm depth or metal conduit
must be used (see clause 7.4.6 )
Note: phase and neutral conductors should be in the same sequence.
[ see clause 6.5.3 ]

Note: phase and neutral conductors should be in the same sequence.

246 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 247
 G7(g) Missing grommets and sharp edges on
Cable Tray G7(h) Cables in ceiling-voids

G7(g) G7(h)

[ see clauses 7.3.8 and 7.5.15 ]

(flexible connections to be limited to 3m in length and securely fixed; ‘plug & fit’
See clause 7.3.8 and 7.5.15
connection systems may be used after the main supply connection)
(flexible connections to be limited to 3m in length and
securely fixed; ‘plug & fit’ connection systems may
be used after the main supply connection)

[ see clause 7.4.8 ]

248 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 249
 G7(i) Cable glands for Earthing of armoured G7(j) Earth continuity connections across
cable Cable Tray and conduit

G7(i) G7(j)

Earth conductor size

must be in accordance with
Appendix A5(j)

Note: all glands should be mechanically and electrically sound, secured and
tightened using the appropriate tools.

[ see clause 7.5.18 ]

[ see clauses 6.6.1 and 7.4.4 ]

250 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 251
 G7(k) Prohibited terminal blocks and taped G7(l) Slotting of steel gland plates for single
connections core cables

Slot

Steel Plate

G7(k) G7(l)

[ see clause 7.5.16 ] Note: single core cables in a steel enclosure will cause electromagnetic currents
in the steel and possible overheating. This can be avoided by ensuring
that a non ferromagnetic material is used around the cables (e.g. brass or
aluminium plate) or slots are cut in the steel between the phase conductors.

[ see clause 7.5.11 ]

252 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 253
 G7(m) Flex-outlets G8. Typical lighting Circuit installations

G8. Typical lighting circuit installations

Conduit bushed and sealed

into rear of Luminaire
Rear entry conduit box
with bush & coupling

G7(m) G8
Ceiling rose for change
from fixed to flexible
wiring system

External Luminaire

Earth lead to conduit box

Heat resistant flexible

cable connection to
Luminaire
Flex-outlet Screw fixing to
(with switch and fuse)
structure

External Luminaire internal surface installation

Earth lead to conduit box

Ceiling rose above ceiling

for change from fixed to
flexible wiring sysem

Conduit bushed and sealed

into rear of Luminaire

Clearance 50mm to front

External Luminaire 50mm cover of wall face unless
Flex-outlet plate Flex-outlet plate carried out in galvanised
(without fuse) (with fuse) conduit

Heat resistant flexible

cable connection to
Luminaire

Screw fixing to
structure

External Luminaire concealed wiring

254 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 255
 G8. Continued...
G8. Continued...
G8. Continued...
G8. Continued...

Earth lead to conduit box

G8. Continued...
ELV/LED Luminaire
Flexible cable
Fixed Dome lid clamp on Luminaire
Fixed conduit conduit
Earth lead to conduit box High temperature
Flexible connection
G8 Ceiling rose for change Earth lead to conduit box Flexible conduit ELV/LEDPlasterboard
Luminaire ceiling G8
from fixed to flexible Fixed Dome lid
Flexible cable
With timber backed
clamp on Luminaire
wiring system, rose Heat resistant flexible conduit support
mounted directly over Connection box High temperature
cable connection to Flexible connection
Luminaire to allow access Luminaire Heat resistant flexible
Flexible conduit Plasterboard ceiling
cable Transformer/driver
With timber backed
Connection box support
Recessed ELV or LED downlight plasterboard ceiling
Heat resistant flexible
cable Transformer/driver

Luminaire Flexible cable Recessed ELV or LED downlight plasterboard ceiling

clamp on Luminaire
Plasterboard ceiling Fixed conduit
Recessed downlight plasterboard ceiling with timber backed support Fixed conduit
Supplemental rod suspension
Supplemental rod suspension
wherewhere necessary
necessary

Galvanised
Galvanised conduits drop
conduits drop
Earth lead to conduit box to rear entry conduit box.
to rear entry conduit box.
Extension box to be used
whereExtension box to be used
finish is not flush
where finish is not flush
with ceiling
Earth with
lead toceiling
conduit box
plasterboard ceiling
Fixed conduit Earth lead to conduit box
Porcelain connector, in
plasterboard
chandelier ceiling rose ceiling
Heat resistant flexible or conduit box
cable connection to Chandelier Porcelain connector, in
Ceiling rose for change chandelier ceiling
rose
from fixed to flexible Luminaire Flexible cable
or conduit box
for chandelier
wiring system
Chandelier
Flexible cable
for chandelier

Luminaire Flexible cable

clamp on Luminaire
Suspended ceiling
Recessed downlight suspended ceiling with timber backed support

Chandelier connection

Note 1: Flexible conduits to be fitted with glands at both ends.

Note 2: Connection box to be complete with conduit inlet flexible cable clamp outlet.
Note 3: Connection box to be suitably rated for high temperature installation.
Note 1: flexible conduits to be fitted with glands at both ends.
Note 4: Connection box to be fitted with porcelain connectors.
Note 5: Connection box to be suitably sized to allow removal through Luminaire aperture.
Note 2: connection box to be complete with conduit inlet and flexible cable clamp
Note 6: Transformer/driver & connection box to be laid directly onto ceiling support
outlet. Chandelier
carefully avoiding connection
the heat generation from Luminaire.
Note 7: Cables and flexible conduits are to have sufficient length to allow removal
through the Luminaire aperture for inspection.
Note 3: connection box to be suitably sized to allow removal through Luminaire
Note 1: Flexible conduits to be fitted with glands at both ends.
aperture.
Note 2: Connection box to be complete with conduit inlet flexible cable clamp outlet.
Note 3: Connection box to be suitably rated for high temperature installation.
Note 4: Connection box to be fitted with porcelain connectors.
Note 5: Connection box to be suitably sized to allow removal through Luminaire aperture.
Note 6: Transformer/driver & connection box to be laid directly onto ceiling support
carefully avoiding the heat generation from Luminaire.
Note 7: Cables and flexible conduits are to have sufficient length to allow removal
through the Luminaire aperture for inspection.
256 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 257
 G10(a) Typical lightning protection system
G9. Isolation and switching details
G9. Isolation and switching
5

6
13
1 3
2

18

Flexible conduit final

connection to pump 24
18 4 14 14
26
20

G9 25
18 7
7 18
12
7
G10(a)
18

14 14

Pump set 20
control panel 21 22

15 27 18
14 14
18

19
16

8 23

9 10 9 17
11 11 11

1. Roof tape network 15. Earth Equipotential Bonding to

2. Earth Equipotential Bonding to building steelwork
roof mounted electrical equipment 16. Earth Equipotential Bonding from
Fixed wiring connection to
isolator. Typically conduit 3. Earth Equipotential Bonding to LV supply to equipotential
or steel wire armoured cables
aerial array bonding bar.
4. Meshed type LPS 17. Incoming supply cable
5. Catenary type LPS 18. Surge protection device (SPD)
6. Rod (Finial) type LPS 19. MDB
Note 1: all pumps in the set are to be provided with isolators.
7. Down conductor 20. DB
Note 2: remote stop switches or isolator on the control panel does not provide 8. Earth Equipotential Bonding bar 21. UPS
sufficient means of isolation to meet the requirements of the Regulations. for internal LPS 22. ICT Equipment
Note 3: remote stop push button must be located to be easily accessible but 9. Test point 23. Incoming communication
without possibility of inadvertent operation. 10. Ring Earth Electrode below ground level and data cables (copper)
11. Earth Electrode 24. Satellite aerial cable
Note 4: all cables and conduits must be adequately supported and fully terminated.
12. Earth Equipotential Bonding ring (for 25. Satellite Decoder
Note 5: all isolators must be lockable in the off position.
buildings above 30 m, ring provided at 26. Electrical supply to roof mounted
Note 6: all motors must be provided with suitably sized terminal block. 20 m intervals of height) equipment
13. Earth Equipotential Bonding to lift shaft 27. Sub-main cable
14. Earth Equipotential Bonding to
façade steelwork

258 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 259
 G10(a) Continued... G10(b) Lightning Earth Electrodes
G10 (b) Typical lightning protection system details

Note 1: a risk assessment evaluating the full requirements of lightning protection

systems (LPS) including the impact on electrical and electronic systems 6 1

(e.g. surge protective devices) is to be carried out by the designer of the 2

9
Electrical Installation. 3

Note 2: LPS may be provided in three ways, meshed, catenary or rod type. Any
G10(a) or all of the LPS systems shown above may be used depending on the 7
G10(b)
configuration of the Premises. Other methods may be proposed subject to 10
13
the approval by the Distribution Company. 4 12
8

Note 3: down conductors are to be provided at a spacing interval to meet 11

the lightning protection risk assessment. Typically LPS I & II – 10 m,

LPS III – 15 m and LPS IV – 20 m as detailed in BS EN 62305-3.

Note 4: the use of natural components (the building reinforcement bars or structural 5 4 Earth pit arrangement
steel), is not permitted unless approved by the Distribution Company.
Down conductors are to be provided with test links either internally or
externally in accessible locations at low level. Earth Electrodes should Structural foundations
ideally be connected in a ring around the building at ground floor level or piles arrangements

where practical.

Note 5: structural foundations or piles may be used as lightning Earth Electrodes 1. Down conductor 8. Pile
and a typical detailed arrangement is provided in G10(b). For Premises 2. Test clamp 9. Test clamp with recessed
exceeding 30 m in height, secondary rings should be provided around the
3. Twin tailed bonding conductors accessible cover
building at a spacing of 20 m intervals. Earth Equipotential Bonding is
required for Extraneous-Conductive-Parts such as curtain wall framing, 4. Bolted Earth clamps 10. Lightning protection Earth pit
lift shaft steelwork, drainage and gutters, parapet copings, exposed 5. Welded connection to reinforcement bars 11. Earth Electrode
equipment, handrails etc. 6. Wall construction 12. Lightning protection tape
Note 6: surge protection devices (SPDs) are to be provided based on the risk 7. Pile cap 13. Corrosion treated connection
assessment evaluation, but as a minimum should be deployed at the
Electricity Intake to the Premises. Equipment that is prone to potential
damage from lightning strikes should also be protected. Note 1: when using piles as the lightning protection Earth Electrodes, the planning
is to be carried out in conjunction with the design of the structure.
Note 2: structural engineer to confirm that piles can be used and that clamping or
welding of rods is acceptable.
Note 3: where welding is used, minimum length of welds must be 50 mm.
Note 4: all LPS works associated with the use of piles is to be inspected prior to
pouring of concrete.
Note 5: protective cover for tape/cable through ground to Earth Electrode not
shown but is to be provided.
Note 6: termination at Earth Electrode to be corrosion resistant or be treated for
electrolytic action.
Note 7: where tape is run surface at low level, mechanical protection is to be
provided. Where protection is metallic this is to be bonded to the tape.

260 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 261
 G11. Changes in the Third Edition (March 2014)

The following is a summary of the key changes incorporated into the 9. Update of Guidance notes G2 on the estimation of Connected
Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition). Any clauses that were Load and the use of diversity factors for Final Circuits, SMDBs and
changed are indicated by a red line throughout this publication. MDBs.

1. The scope of the Regulations now includes all Electrical 10. Enhancement of the contents of the Appendices and Guidance
G11 Installations in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, including Premises not notes to provide improved clarity. G11
connected to the Distribution Companies’ networks (for e.g.
off-grid worker camps running on their own generators).

2. Clarification of the purpose of these Regulations which is to

address the requirements for LV Electrical Installations only. The
requirements for HV installations are addressed in the Electricity
Supply Regulations, Electricity Distribution Code and the relevant
Distribution Companies’ standards/specifications.

3. Clarification on the obligation of Owners and associated Licensed

Contractors under these Regulations.

4. A new clause is added to enable Owners of major developments to

enter into an undertaking with the Distribution Company to
self-certify the design of their Electrical Installations. In such cases,
there will be no requirement for the design to be approved by the
Distribution Company before commencement of construction.

5. Enhancement of the requirements for the protection of electric

shock from indirect contact by requiring the use of both the Earth
Leakage Protected System (ELPS) and the Earth Equipotential
Bonded System (EEBS).

6. New sections introduced to address External Lighting in Premises,

Electrical Installations in Marinas or similar locations and solar PV
systems.

7. Clarification that air-conditioning units, motors, large electrical

machines, fluorescent or discharge lighting, etc, shall be provided
with power factor correction by a selection of equipment including
variable speed drives, integral capacitors, or other suitable methods.

8. A new clause is added to prohibit the use of capacitor banks in

residential villas.

262 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 263
 Notes Notes

264 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 265
 Notes Notes

266 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 267
 Notes Notes

268 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 269
 Notes Notes

270 The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) The Electricity Wiring Regulations (Third Edition) 271