EE16: ACDC Machinery

Chapter 1: Magnetics
Problem Exercises
1. A motor is supplying 60 N ⋅ m of torque to its load. If the motor’s shaft is turning at 1800
r/min, what is the mechanical power supplied to the load in watts? In horsepower? (1-4)

2. A ferromagnetic core is shown in figure below. The depth of the core is 5 cm. The other
dimensions of the core are as shown in the figure. Find the value of the current that will
produce a flux of 0.005 Wb. With this current, what is the flux density at the top of the core?
What is the flux density at the right side of the core? Assume that the relative permeability of
the core is 800. (1-5)

3. A two-legged core is shown in Figure. The winding on the left leg of the core (N1) has 400
turns, and the winding on the right (N2) has 300 turns. The coils are wound in the directions
shown in the figure. If the dimensions are as shown, then what flux would be produced by
currents i1 = 0.5 A and i2 = 0.75 A? Assume µr = 1000 and constant. (1-7)

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4. The wire is shown in Figure is moving in the presence of a magnetic field. With the
information given in the figure, determine the magnitude and direction of the induced voltage
in the wire. (1-10)

5. A linear machine has a magnetic flux density of 0.5 T directed into the page, a resistance of
0.25 Ω, a bar length l = 1.0 m, and a battery voltage of 100 V.
(a) What is the initial force on the bar at starting? What is the initial current flow?
(b) What is the no-load steady-state speed of the bar?
(c) If the bar is loaded with a force of 25 N opposite to the direction of motion, what is the
new steady state speed? What is the efficiency of the machine under these circumstances? (1-
21)

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Chapter 2: Transformers
Problem Exercises
1. A single-phase power system is shown in Figure. The power source feeds a 100-kVA 14/2.4-
kV transformer through a feeder impedance of 40.0 + j150 Ω. The transformer’s equivalent
series impedance referred to its low-voltage side is 0.12 + j0.5 Ω. The load on the transformer
is 90 kW at 0.80 PF lagging and 2300 V. (2-4)

(a) What is the voltage at the power source of the system?

(b) What is the voltage regulation of the transformer?
(c) How efficient is the overall power system?

2. A 15-kVA 8000/230-V distribution transformer has an impedance referred to the primary of

80 + j300 Ω. The components of the excitation branch referred to the primary side are R C =
350 kΩ and XM = 70 kΩ.
(a) If the primary voltage is 7967 V and the load impedance is ZL = 3.2 + j1.5 Ω, what is the
secondary voltage of the transformer? What is the voltage regulation of the transformer?
(b) If the load is disconnected and a capacitor of –j3.5 Ω is connected in its place, what is the
secondary voltage of the transformer? What is its voltage regulation under these conditions?
(2-6)

3. A 100,000-kVA 230/115-kV ∆-∆ three-phase power transformer has a per-unit resistance of

0.02 pu and a per-unit reactance of 0.055 pu. The excitation branch elements are R C = 110 pu
and XM = 20 pu . (2-11)
(a) If this transformer supplies a load of 80 MVA at 0.85 PF lagging, draw the phasor diagram
of one phase of the transformer.
(b) What is the voltage regulation of the transformer bank under these conditions?
(c) Sketch the equivalent circuit referred to the low-voltage side of one phase of this
transformer. Calculate all of the transformer impedances referred to the low-voltage side.

4. An autotransformer is used to connect a 13.2-kV distribution line to a 13.8-kV distribution

line. It must be capable of handling 2000 kVA. There are three phases, connected Y-Y with
their neutrals solidly grounded. (2-12)

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(a) What must the NC /NSE turns ratio be to accomplish this connection?
(b) How much apparent power must the windings of each autotransformer handle?
(c) If one of the autotransformers were reconnected as an ordinary transformer, what would
its ratings be?

5. A 5000-VA 480/120-V conventional transformer is to be used to supply power from a 600-V

source to a 120-V load. Consider the transformer to be ideal, and assume that all insulation
can handle 600 V. (2-15)
(a) Sketch the transformer connection that will do the required job.
(b) Find the kilovolt ampere rating of the transformer in the configuration.
(c) Find the maximum primary and secondary currents under these conditions.

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EE16: ACDC Machinery

Chapter 3: DC Motors and Generators

Problem Exercises
1. An automatic starter circuit is to be designed for a shunt motor rated at 15 hp, 240 V, and 60
A. The armature resistance of the motor is 0.15 Ω, and the shunt field resistance is 40 Ω. The
motor is to start with no more than 250 percent of its rated armature current, and as soon as
the current falls to rated value, a starting resistor stage is to be cut out. How many stages of
starting resistance are needed, and how big should each one be? (9-20)

2. The magnetization curve for a separately excited dc generator is shown in Figure. The
generator is rated at 6 kW, 120 V, 50 A, and 1800 r/min and is shown in Figure. Its field
circuit is rated at 5A. The following data are known about the machine: (9-22)

Answer the following questions about this generator, assuming no armature reaction.
(a) If this generator is operating at no load, what is the range of voltage adjustments that can
be achieved by changing Radj ?
(b) If the field rheostat is allowed to vary from 0 to 30 Ω and the generator’s speed is allowed
to vary from 1500 to 2000 r/min, what are the maximum and minimum no-load voltages in
the generator?

3. If the armature current of the generator in Problem #2 is 50 A, the speed of the generator is
1700 r/min, and the terminal voltage is 106 V, how much field current must be flowing in the
generator? (9-23)

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4. Assuming that the generator in Problem 9-22 has an armature reaction at full load equivalent
to 400 A⋅turns of magnetomotive force, what will the terminal voltage of the generator be
when IF = 5 A, nm = 1700 r/min, and IA = 50A? (9-24)

5. A 50-hp, 250-V 1200 r/min dc shunt motor with compensating windings has an armature
resistance (including the brushes, compensating windings, and interpoles) of 0.06 Ω. Its field
circuit has a total resistance /Radj + RP of 50 Ω, which pro duces a no-load speed of 1200
r/min. There are 1200 turns per pole on the shunt field wind ing. (9-1)
(a) Find the speed of this motor when its input current is 100 A.
(b) Find the speed of this motor when its input current is 200 A.

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EE16: ACDC Machinery

Chapter 4: Three Phase Induction Motor

Problem Exercises
1. The stator of a 3-ф induction motor has 3 slots per pole per phase. If supply frequency is 50 Hz,
calculate
i. Number of stator poles produced and total number of slots on the stator.
ii. Speed of the rotating stator flux (or magnetic field).

2. A 4 pole, 3 phase induction motor operates from a supply whose frequency is 50 Hz. Calculate:
i. The speed of which the magnetic field of the stator is rotating
ii. The speed of the rotor when the slip is 0.04.
iii. The frequency of the rotor currents when the slip is 0.03
iv. The frequency of the rotor currents at standstill.

3. A 3-ф induction motor is wound for 4 poles and is supplied from 50 Hz system. Calculate
i. The synchronous speed
ii. The rotor speed, when slip is 4% and
iii. Rotor frequency when rotor runs at 600 rpm.

4. A 12-pole, 3-phase alternator driven at a speed of 500 rpm supplies power to an 8-pole, 3-phase
induction motor. If the slip of the motor, at full load is 3%, calculate the full-load speed of the
motor.

5. A 12-pole, 3-phase, 600 V, 50 Hz, star-connected, induction motor has rotor-resistance and
stand still-reactance of 0.03 and 0.5 ohm per phase respectively. Calculate: a) Speed of maximum
torque. b) ratio of full load torque to maximum torque, if the full-load speed is 495 rpm.

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EE16: ACDC Machinery

Chapter 5: Synchronous Machines

Problem Exercises
1. A 2300-V 1000-kVA 0.8-PF-lagging 60-Hz two-pole Y-connected synchronous generator has a
synchronous reactance of 1.1 Ω and an armature resistance of 0.15 Ω. At 60 Hz, its friction and
windage losses are 24 kW, and its core losses are 18 kW. The field circuit has a dc voltage of 200
V, and the maximum 𝐼𝐹 is 10 A. The resistance of the field circuit is adjustable over the range
from 20 to 200 Ω. The OCC of this generator is shown in Figure. (5-2)
(a) How much field current is required to make 𝑉𝑇 equal to 2300 V when the generator is running
at no load?
(b) What is the internal generated voltage of this machine at rated conditions?
(c) How much field current is required to make 𝑉𝑇 equal to 2300 V when the generator is running
at rated conditions?
(d) How much power and torque must the generator’s prime mover be capable of supplying?

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2. Assume that the field current of the generator in Problem 1 has been adjusted so that it supplies
rated voltage when loaded with rated current at unity power factor. (You may ignore the effects of
R A when answering these questions.) (5-5)
(a) What is the torque angle δ of the generator when supplying rated current at unity power
factor?
(b) When this generator is running at full load with unity power factor, how close is it to the
static stability limit of the machine?

3. A 13.8-kV 10-MVA 0.8-PF-lagging 60-Hz two-pole Y-connected steam-turbine generator has

a synchronous reactance of 12 Ω per phase and an armature resistance of 1.5 Ω per phase. This
generator is operating in parallel with a large power system (infinite bus).
(a) What is the magnitude of EA at rated conditions?
(b) What is the torque angle of the generator at rated conditions?
(c) If the field current is constant, what is the maximum power possible out of this generator?
How much reserve power or torque does this generator have at full load?

4. A 480-V, 100-kW, two-pole, three-phase, 60-Hz synchronous generator’s prime mover has a
no-load speed of 3630 r/min and a full-load speed of 3570 r/min. It is operating in parallel with a
480-V, 75-kW, four pole, 60-Hz synchronous generator whose prime mover has a no-load speed
of 1800 r/min and a full-load speed of 1785 r/min. The loads supplied by the two generators
consist of 100 kW at 0.85 PF lagging. (5-8)
(a) Calculate the speed droops of generator 1 and generator 2.
(b) Find the operating frequency of the power system.
(c) Find the power being supplied by each of the generators in this system.

5. A 100-MVA 12.5-kV 0.85-PF-lagging 50-Hz two-pole Y-connected synchronous generator has

a per-unit synchronous reactance of 1.1 and a per-unit armature resistance of 0.012.
(a) What are its synchronous reactance and armature resistance in ohms?
(b) What is the magnitude of the internal generated voltage EA at the rated conditions? What is
its torque angle δ at these conditions?
(c) Ignoring losses in this generator, what torque must be applied to its shaft by the prime mover
at full load?

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REFERENCES:
Electric Machinery Fundamentals, 5th ed. Stephen J. Chapman

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