Senior High School

Community Engagement Solidarity and Citezenship

Quarter 2 – Module 5 and 6:

Community Profiling and Needs Assessment

A Teacher-Made Localized Material

for Anuling Integrated High School -
Senior High School Learners

Prepared by:
MARICAR P. DIMAS
Teacher II, AIHS – SHS

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 Introduction

Most Essential Learning Competencies:

1. Formulate a Community action by knowing the profiles of community and
needs assessment; and
2. Plan using participatory approaches.

Topic: Community Profiling and Needs Assessment

After this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Apply systematic social research methods in conducting a community study
2. Define community profiling and needs and resources assessment
3. Identify the basic similarities and difference of community profiling and its type and
methods
4. Show an understanding of the importance of community profiling
5. Engage in basic community profiling
6. Realized the ethics and values of community profiling

REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON

In the last lesson, we learned to explain the approaches in community action and its
initiatives..
In this lesson, you will be able to know how to assess the needs of a community as
well as to profile the community. In this lesson you will also be able to know how to do and
conduct a research about the community needs based on the assessment.

PRETEST
IDENTIFICATION . Identify the term being described in each sentence. Choose your
answer from the listed words in the box.
1. It is a process of creating a series of information that is applied to something or someone through
techniques of data elaboration.
2. A continuous process; it’s a step-by-step procedure in which the needs, available resources,
different groups working with and for the community, and the dynamic participation of
community members are identified.
3. This deals with measuring and producing reports regarding the health of a certain community,
which in turn, gives researchers an idea of the community, city, or district level.
4. Serve as the main actors in this type of community profiling from identifying the problem and
situation, planning, developing and implementing the program, and facilitating and guiding
support researchers. It seeks the equal treatment of men and women.

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 5. This encompasses the varied needs of a specific community. It also includes the types of
resources that are present in the community and the kind of active involvement that the members
have, in order to improve the community’s kind of life.

Profiling Gender Equality

Needs and Resource Assessment
People Social Audit

Introduction
Development

Activity No. 1 “Know Yourself”

Direction: Identify your strengths and weaknesses as well as your limitations by completing table
below.

Strengths Weaknesses Limitations

Lesson Proper:
Community Profiling and Needs and Resources Assessment
Definition Community profiling
Community Profiling

 Profiling is a process of creating a series of information that is applied to something or someone

through techniques of data elaboration.
 Profiling is method used to establish a better understanding and description of the community in a
specific geographical location and its community member’s context and reality (Department of
Environment and primary Industries 2013).

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Needs and resources assessment
One of the fundamental tools in community organizing is the assessment of the community’s needs and
resources. In the process of changing the community members’ lives, it is important to delve into their
current societal situation.
Needs and resources assessment is a continuous process; it’s a step-by-step procedure in which the needs,
available resources, different groups working with and for the community, and the dynamic participation
of community members are identified (U.S Department of health & Human Services 2011; Samuels,
Ahsan, Garcia 1995).
Comparing profiling and needs and resources assessment
Community profiling is best use to determine the community socio-demographic profile, environmental
conditions, community structures, local institution, economic activities, livelihood, and basic household
profile. On the other hand needs and resources assessment tackles the community’s weak point, flaws,
need for program and services, and understanding the problem of the community in terms of information
and communication.
Importance of community profiling and needs and resources assessment
According to the National Federation Community Organizations in the United Kingdom (UK ),
community profiling is important because it may justify the identified needs of the community. This is
necessary if one wants to reach the goal of meeting the needs of specific community or neighbourhood
(Community Matters, 2004.

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 The Nine Resources to be considered in community profiling (Community Matters, 2004)

History People of the Community Religion

– as communities change over – Characteristics such as – This aspects will identify

time, investigating how a population size, age, gender, how religion contributes to the
community developed can occupations, and countries of life and culture of the
help describe and show how a origin, mobility, leisure interest, community.
community came to be as it is skills, and educational attainment
at present. must also be investigated.
Presence of difference
agencies, support groups, and
institutions

Leisure Work and Economy – it is important for a

community or an organization to
– This will help identify how – Factors such as works, work identify the different groups
people spend their time, what patterns, and availability of the ( including national, local
facilities exist in the people will be used to identify government, nongovernment,
community, and how this what socio economic programs and people/community
facilities maximized by the and projects are to be dealt with organizations)that administer or
community members. and focused on. facilitate program in the area
and map out the function and
services offered by each.

Housing needs and Aspects Related to People with Health and Welfare
Resources assessment Special needs Development
(differently abled people)
– This is important to – These programs are important
conduct so as to identify – This will situate how the to assess the needs and resources
whether there are still community gives importance to and evaluate the effects and
improvements needed. this sector and determine what impacts of the programs to the
programs and services are to be people and to the whole
offered to this group. community.

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 5. Types of Community profiling

Types of Community Profiling

(Blackshaw 2010 and Hawtin and Percy Smith 2007)

Blackshaw 2010 Hawtin and Percy Smith 2007

Rapid Appraisal Community Profile

This type of profiling deals with how the This encompasses the varied needs of a specific
researchers extract data by means of community. It also includes the types of resources
observation and by conducting a discussion that are present in the community and the kind of
with the key informants from the community. active involvement that the members have, in
order to improve the community’s kind of life.
This type of profiling is deemed as budget –
friendly and can save a lot of time. Rapid
appraisal is called as such because of its speed
Needs Assessment
in gathering the needed data from the
community This usually done by certain agencies to plan
out what type of policy is needed in a certain
Priority Searching community. This type of profiling makes use
In this type of profiling, the primary means of of existing data and/or is backed up by the
data collection is a focus group discussion other data that may be of help in determining
(FGD). A general question is asked in the FGD the community’s needs.
and the gathered responses will then be used as
basis of the research survey (specifically, a Community Consultations
questionnaire).
As what its name suggests, this involves
conducting meetings and consultations with
Compass
the community members. These consultations
This method uses a 400 – item questionnaire, may be in the form of focus groups, online
which allows the respondents to add their own questionnaire, citizen panels and citizen juries,
questions. Because this method of profiling and planning for real exercises.
requires expertise when it comes to sampling
and report writing, it is not commonly used by
Social Audit
community groups.
This deals with measuring and producing
reports regarding the health of a certain
community, which in turn, gives researchers
an idea of the community, city, or district
level.

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 Participatory Resource Appraisal or Participatory Learning Activity
Participatory Resource Appraisal (PRA) or Participatory Learning Activity (PLA) was first
known as the Participatory Rural Appraisal. The usage of the term evolved because this type of
community profiling is applied not only in rural areas but also in urban, rurban, sectoral, and multisectoral
groups. As its name suggests, PRA or PLA is participatory; it facilitates empowerment and sustainability.
People serve as the main actors in this type of community profiling from identifying the problem and
situation, planning, developing and implementing the program, and facilitating and guiding support
researchers. This can lead to higher community engagement. However, one critical question in this type
of community profiling and research is, “How participatory is participatory?”

Community Description will elaborate through the following aspects:

 Area as a place to live – This include the quality of the physical environment and people’s
attitudes towards living there; the extent to which the needs are matched with the resources;
and the extent to which local facilities meet people’s goals and aspirations.
 Area as a social community – This include the community members involvement in social
life; the extent of community supportiveness; and formal and informal networks.
 Area as an economic community – This include income levels, employment prospects of
local residents, prosperity, and viability of local markets.
 Area as a political community – This include systems and structures of political
representation and local area management; decision – making process and structures of
political representation and participation in community organizations.
 Area as a personal space – This include attachment to the local community; memories and
life experiences of local people; and the community being part of a larger community.
Strengths and Limitation of community profiling
Strength in community profiling include the following (Teater and Baldwin 2012)

Empowerment of community members Alignment with social work codes of practice

- Community profiling allows members to values
become more active through the - For what we have learned, community
acquisition of the necessary information profiling allows the involvement of
regarding to their community. community members
Anti-oppressive in nature Holistic in nature
- Community profiling in anti-oppressive - It is able to look at how person acts in
in nature because researchers do not his/her environment.
dictate the needs and improvement of the
community

Limitations in community profiling include the following (Teater and Baldwin 2012)

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Lack of Resources Expertise in the method
- For community profiling to be done right, - In order to conduct a community profiling,
a thorough profiling must be done within one must be familiar with its methods.
the community.
Involvement of community members Structural construction
- The involvement of the community that - When certain issues of the community have
will be profiled, and not just the research already emerged after conducting a
team is vital to the whole research profiling, the researches need to be prepared
process. on how the community would like to
response to the findings

Resource Mobilization
Resource Mobilization is a process where we identify the Resources essential for the
development, implementation and continuation of works for achieving the
organization’s mission.
• It is focused on the relationships with Resource Providers, the skills,
knowledge and capacity for proper use of resources.
Following this concept, we can say that Resource Mobilization is:
 Just a means to the end.
 A team effort
 A set of accountabilities shared by everyone onboard
 A management process that has no quick fixes
 A management process that involves identifying people who share the same
values as your organization and taking the steps to manage that relationship.
RESOURCE MOBILIZATION is not just about FUNDS and RAISING FUNDS.
The Importance of Resource Mobilization
• Diversifies and expand resources
• Formulates an independent budget (fund),
• Allows spending and utilization of Resources
• Minimizes dependency on others
• Sustains the Organization and its programs
• Maximizes use of domestic capital and skills
• Expands relations
• Fulfills responsibilities for the Community

Engagement

Activity No. 2 “You belong with me”

Direction: Choose the types of community profiling below, then identify whether it is from Blackshaw or
Hawtin and Percy smith

Rapid Appraisal Need Assessment

Priority Searching Blackshaw Hawtin and Percy Smith.
Community Consultation
Compass Social Audit
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Activity 3 Community Profiling and Needs Assessment
Choose at least 20 household (can be a member of Barangay Sangunian) within your
barangay and let them answer the Community Profile and Needs Assessment form
(Google Form) to be sent by the teacher.
Create a demographic profile from the data gathered on the community profile.
Identify the priority issue based on the community profile and needs assessment.

Assimilation

Activity 4 : Participatory Action Plan Table

Complete the following table based on the data gathered from the community profiling
and needs assessment.

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Assessment
True or False.
1. Resource mobilization is a process where we identify the Resources essential for the
development, implementation and continuation of works for achieving the
organization’s mission.T
2. Resource mobilization focused on the relationships with Resource Providers, the
skills, knowledge and capacity for proper use of resources. T
3. Resource mobilization is an individual effort.
4. Resource mobilization is just a means to the end.
5. A set of accountabilities shared by everyone onboard is one of the concept of
Resource Mobilization.
6. Resource mobilization maximizes dependency on others.
7. Resource mobilization prevent spending and utilization of resources.
8. Resource mobilization limits relations
9. Resource mobilization fulfils responsibilities for the community.
10. Resource mobilization negates organization and its programs

Reflection
From this lesson, I learned that _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
With that, I realized that ________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________
Therefore, I intend to ___________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

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Reference:

References
Roldan, A. D. (2019), . Module in Community Engagement Solidarity and Citezenship. Las Piñas:
Philippine College of Criminology.

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