SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Title: Kinematics: Motion Along
A Straight Line
Science – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Kinematics: Motion Along a Straight Line
First Edition, 2020

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 12

General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Kinematics: Motion Along a
Straight Line
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Kinematics: Motion Along a Straight Line!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

2
For the learner:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 12 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Kinematics: Motion Along a Straight Line!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process

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 what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Motion Along a Straight Line. The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the
diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module has one lesson, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Uniformly Accelerated Motion

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. interpret displacement and velocity, respectively, as areas under velocity vs.
time and acceleration vs. time curves;
2. understand displacement, velocity and acceleration;
3. understand motion graphs (v vs. t and a vs. t); and
4. be able to interpret motion graphs and to make prediction

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

For numbers 1-2

The following graph represents the position as a function of time for a

moving object. Use this graph to answer questions 1-2.

1. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. The object increases its velocity
b. The object decreases its velocity
c. The object’s velocity stays unchanged
d. The object stays at rest

2. What is the velocity of the object?

a. 4 m/s c. 5 m/s
b. 8 m/s d. 40 m/s

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For numbers 3-4
The following graph represents the position as a function of time of a moving
object. Use this graph to answer questions 6 and 7.

3. What is the initial position of the object?

a. 2 m c. 6 m
b. 4 m d. 8 m

4. What is the velocity of the object?

a. 2 m/s c. 6 m/s
b. 4 m/s d. 8 m

For Numbers 5-6.

The following graph represents the position as a function of time of a moving
object. Use this graph for questions 5 and 6.

5. What is the initial position of the object?

a. 4 m c. 8 m
b. 6 m d. 10 m

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6. What is the velocity of the object?
a. 5 m/s c. 10 m/s
b. -5 m/s d. -10 m/s

Time, t (s) Velocity, v (m/s)

0 0.0
1 2.0
2 4.0
3 6.0
4 8.0
5 10.0
6 12.0
7 14.0

7. The velocity –time graphs of the motion is

a. horizontal line
` b. parabola and straight line.
c straight lines of different shapes
d. straight line and hyperbola

8. The slope of the graph between t=0.0 s and t= 6.0 s is

a. 2 m/s2 b. 4 m/s2 c. 6m/s2 d. 8 m/s2

9. The slope of the line between t= 7.0 s and t = 10.0 s indicates

a. decelerated motion
b. uniformly accelerated motion
c. uniform speed
d. uniform velocity

10. The distance that the car has traveled during the first 6.0 s is
a. 36 m b. 46 m c. 54 m d. 72 m

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Nos. 11-13 Construct the velocity vs. time graph based on the given data
table.

For numbers 14-15

The graph represents the relationship between velocity and time for an
object moving in a straight line. Use this graph to answer questions 14 and
15.

14. Which of the following statements is true?

a. The object speeds up

b. The object slows down
c. The object moves with a constant velocity
d. The object stays at rest

15. What is the velocity of the object at 5 s?

a. 0 m/s c. 5 m/s
b. 3 m/s d. 4 m/s

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 Lesson
Uniformly Accelerated
1 Motion
Our study of 1-dimensional kinematics has been concerned with the multiple
means by which the motion of objects can be represented. Such means include the
use of words, the use of diagrams, the use of numbers, the use of equations, and
the use of graphs. Lesson 4 focuses on the use of velocity versus time graphs to
describe motion. As we will learn, the specific features of the motion of objects are
demonstrated by the shape and the slope of the lines on a velocity vs. time graph.
The first part of this lesson involves a study of the relationship between the shape
of a v-t graph and the motion of the object.

What’s In

Compare and contrast:

1. distance and displacement

2. speed and velocity

3. velocity and acceleration

4. acceleration and deceleration

5. constant velocity and constant acceleration

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 Notes to the Teacher
It is significant that learners had background on those equations
of uniformly accelerated motion.

What’s New

What does the area represent on velocity graph?

The area under a velocity graph represents the displacement of the object. To see
why, consider the following graph of motion that shows an object maintaining a
constant velocity of 6 meters per second for a time of 5 seconds.

V (m/s)

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7

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

To find the displacement during this time interval, we could use this formula

∆ x=v ∆ t= 6( ms ) ( 5 s )=30 m
which gives a displacement of 30 m.
Now we're going to show that this was equivalent to finding the area under the
curve. Consider the rectangle of area made by the graph as seen above.

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 V (m/s)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

The area of this rectangle can be found by multiplying height of the rectangle, 6
m/s, times its width, 5 s, which would give

area = height x width = 6 m/s x 5 s = 30 m

This is the same answer we got before for the displacement. The area under a
velocity curve, regardless of the shape, will equal the displacement during that time
interval. 

area under curve = displacement

What does the area represent on an acceleration graph?

The area under an acceleration graph represents the change in velocity. In other

words, the area under the acceleration graph for a certain time interval is equal to

the change in velocity during that time interval.

area = V
It might be easiest to see why this is the case by considering the example graph
below which shows a constant acceleration of 4 m/s2 for a time of 9s.

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 a (m/s2)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

∆V
If we multiply both sides of the definition of acceleration, a = by the change in
∆t
time t, we get V = a t.

Plugging in the acceleration 4 m/s 2 and the interval 9s we can find the change in
velocity:

V = a t = (4 m/s2) (9 s) = 36 m/s

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 a (m/s2)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

The area can be found by multiplying height times width. The height of this
rectangle is a = 4 m/s 2, and the width is 9s. So, finding the area also gives you the
change in velocity.

a = 4 m/s2 x 9 s = 36 m/s
The area under any acceleration graph for a certain time interval gives the change
in velocity for that time interval.

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 What is It

Finding the displacement of the go-kart between t=0 and

t=7s.
We can find the displacement of the go-kart by finding the area under the
velocity graph. The graph can be thought of as being a rectangle (between t
= 0s and t = 3s) and a triangle (between t = 3s and t = 7s). Once we find the
area of these shapes and add them, we will get the total displacement.

V (m/s)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

The area of the rectangle is found by

area = h x w = 6 m/s x 3 s = 18 m
The area of the triangle is found by
1 1
area= bh = (4 s) (6 m/s) = 12 m
2 2
Adding these two areas together give the total displacement.
total area = 18 m + 12 m = 30 m
total displacement = 30m

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Race car acceleration

A confident race car driver is cruising at a constant velocity of 20 m/s. As she

nears the finish line, the race car driver starts to accelerate. The graph shown

below gives the acceleration of the race car as it starts to speed up. Assume the

race car had a velocity of 20 m/s at time t = 0 s.

What is the velocity of the race car after the 8 seconds of acceleration shown

in the graph?

a (m/s2)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

We can find the change in velocity by finding the area under the acceleration graph.

v = area = ½ bh = ½ (8s) (6 m/s2) = 24 m/s

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But this is just the change in velocity during the time interval. We need to find the
final velocity. We can use the definition of the change in velocity,
V = Vf - Vi
V = 24 m/s
Vf – Vi = 24 m/s
Vf – 20 m/s = 24 m/s
Vf = 24 m/s + 20 m/s
Vf = 44 m/s

The final velocity of the race car was 44 m/s.

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 What’s More

1. A sailboat is sailing in a straight line with a velocity of 10 m/s. Then at

time t=0s, a stiff wind blows causing the sailboat to accelerate as seen in the

diagram below.

What is the velocity of the sailboat after the wind has blown for 9 seconds?

a (m/s2)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-
motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

2. A windsurfer is traveling along a straight line, and her motion is given by the
velocity graph below.

Select all of the following statements that are true about the speed and acceleration

of the windsurfer.

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(A) Speed is increasing.

(B) Acceleration is increasing.

(C) Speed is decreasing.

(D) Acceleration is decreasing.

V (m/s)

t (s)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Downloaded from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-physics-1/ap-one-dimensional-

motion/average-and-instantaneous-acceleration/a/what-are-velocity-vs-time-graphs

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 What I Have Learned

1. On a displacement-time graph…
o slope equals velocity.
o the "y" intercept equals the initial displacement.
o when two curves coincide, the two objects have
the same displacement at that time.
o straight lines imply constant velocity.
o curved lines imply acceleration.
o an object undergoing constant acceleration traces a portion of a
parabola.
o average velocity is the slope of the straight line connecting the
endpoints of a curve.
o instantaneous velocity is the slope of the line tangent to a curve at
any point.
o positive slope implies motion in the positive direction.
o negative slope implies motion in the negative direction.
o zero slope implies a state of rest.
o The area under the curve is meaningless
2. On a velocity-time graph…
o slope equals acceleration.
o the "y" intercept equals the initial velocity.
o when two curves coincide, the two objects have the same velocity at
that time.
o straight lines imply uniform acceleration.
o curved lines imply non-uniform acceleration.
o an object undergoing constant acceleration traces a straight line.
o average acceleration is the slope of the straight line connecting the
endpoints of a curve.
o instantaneous acceleration is the slope of the line tangent to a curve
at any point.
o positive slope implies an increase in velocity in the positive direction.
o negative slope implies an increase in velocity in the negative direction.
o zero slope implies motion with constant velocity.
o the area under the curve equals the change in displacement.
3. On an acceleration-time graph…
o slope is meaningless.
o the "y" intercept equals the initial acceleration.

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o when two curves coincide, the two objects have
the same acceleration at that time.
o an object undergoing constant acceleration traces a horizontal line.
o zero slope implies motion with constant acceleration.
o the area under the curve equals the change in velocity.

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 What I Can Do

Make a graphical motion of velocity vs time and acceleration vs time of any

moving object or body in your walking, riding in a vehicle, playing ball games.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
For numbers 1-2

The following graph represents the position as a function of time for a

moving object. Use this graph to answer questions 1-2.

1. Which of the following is TRUE?

a. The object increases its velocity

b. The object decreases its velocity

c. The object’s velocity stays unchanged

d. The object stays at rest

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 2. What is the velocity of the object?

a. 4 m/s c. 5 m/s
b. 8 m/s d. 40 m/s

For numbers 3-4

The following graph represents the position as a function of time of a moving
object. Use this graph to answer questions 3 and 4.

3. What is the initial position of the object?

a. 2 m c. 6 m
b. 4 m d. 8 m

4. What is the velocity of the object?

a. 2 m c. 6 m
b. 4 m d. 8 m

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For Numbers 5-6.
The following graph represents the position as a function of time of a moving
object. Use this graph for questions 5 and 6.

5. What is the initial position of the object?

a. 4 m c. 8 m
b. 6 m d. 10 m

6. What is the velocity of the object?

a. 5 m/s c. 10 m/s
b. -5 m/s d. -10 m/s

Time, t (s) Velocity, v (m/s)

0 0.0
1 2.0
2 4.0
3 6.0
4 8.0
5 10.0
6 12.0
7 14.0

7. The velocity –time graphs of the motion is

a. horizontal line

` b. parabola and straight line.

c straight lines of different shapes

d. straight line and hyperbola

25
 8. The slope of the graph between t=0.0 s and t= 6.0 s is

a. 2 m/s b. 4 m/s c. 6m/s d. 8 m/s

9. The slope of the line between t= 7.0 s and t = 10.0 s indicates

a. decelerated motion

b. uniformly accelerated motion

c. uniform speed

d. uniform velocity

10. The distance that the car has traveled during the first 6.0 s is
a. 36 m b. 46 m c. 54 m d. 72 m

Nos. 11-12 Construct the velocity vs. time graph based on the given data
table.

26
For numbers 13-14

The graph represents the relationship between velocity and time for an
object moving in a straight line. Use this graph to answer questions 13 and
14.

13. Which of the following statements is true?

e. The object speeds up

f. The object slows down
g. The object moves with a constant velocity
h. The object stays at rest

14. What is the velocity of the object at 5 s?

a. 0 m/s c. 5 m/s

b. 3 m/s d. 4 m/s

15. The graph represents the relationship between velocity and time for an
object moving in a straight line. What is the traveled distance of the object at 9
s?

a. 10 m c. 36 m

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 b. 24 m d. 48 m

Additional Activities

The graph below shows the altitude of a skydiver initially at rest as a

function of time. After 7 s of free fall the skydiver's chute deployed completely,
which changed the motion abruptly.
a. determine the velocity at the instant
i. just before the parachute opened
ii. just after the parachute opened
b. what was the skydiver's acceleration?
i. from the beginning of the jump to the time just before the
parachute opened?
ii. from the time just after the parachute opened to the time when the
skydiver landed?
c. Sketch the corresponding graphs of…
i. velocity-time
ii. acceleration-time

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 Answer Key

Assessment What's More What I Know

1. C 1. V = 22 m/s 1. C
2. C
2. C 2. Speed is 3. B
3. B increasing 4. B
4. B Acceleration is 5. D
6. B
5. D decreasing 7. B
6. B 8. A
7. B 9. B
10. D
8. A 11.
9. B 12.
10. D 13.
11. 14. C
12.
15. C
13.
14. C
15. C

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References

Tabujara Jr., Geronimo D. K-12 Compliant Worktext for Senior High School
General Physics 1. Manila, Philippines: JFS Publishing Services

30
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