YDT VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR TEST 5

1. The history of spaceflight would not 6. The disease known as AIDS ____ when
have been possible without the rocket: the virus (HIV) ____ the immune
one of the most complex engineering system irreversibly.
____ in human history.
a) began / damages
a) resources a) has begun / damaged
b) perks b) will begin / had damaged
c) subsidies c) begins / has damaged
d) domains d) may begin / is damaging
e) feats
 

7. Organic fertilizers ____ down into

2. The Greek scholar Eratosthenes, also inorganic forms in the soil before
known as the “father of geography”, is plants ____ up the nutrients required
____ with the first use of the word for growth and reproduction. 
geography in the third century B.C.E.
a) must be broken / can take
a) regarded a) have to be broken / had taken
b) demonstrated b) can be broken / will take
c) introduced c) should be broken / took
d) credited d) will be broken / were taking
e) assessed

8. Extensive research shows that regular

3. The U.S. war and policy toward loss of an hour or two of sleep nightly
Vietnam caused many adjacent ____ over time, ____ in slower
countries to become even more ____ reaction time, difficulty paying
opposed to U.S. policy in the region. attention, memory problems, and
impaired decision-making and
a) gradually judgment.
b) fervently
c) successively a) has accumulated / to be resulting
d) ineffectively b) is accumulating / having resulted
e) crucially c) accumulates / to result
d) had accumulated / to have resulted
e) will accumulate / resulting

4. Although Thomas Alva Edison was not

the first to create a light bulb, his
model was more commercially ____ 9. Hippocrates was born ____ the island
because it was long-lasting and formed of Cos, ____ the southwest coast of
part of a whole lighting system. Asia Minor, or present-day Turkey,
around 460 B.C.
a) viable   
b) sensible a) at / along
c) bizarre b) in / to
d) vulnerable c) on / off
e) evident d) for / into
e) over / by

5. The iconic red telephone boxes once

found all over the streets of UK were 10. Workforce reduction, also known as
doomed to disappear until recently, but downsizing, is aimed ____ reducing the
the locals and British Telecom ____ a number of employees, usually ____ a
great idea to save them: they recycled relatively short timeframe.
them into libraries. 
a) to / for
a) went back to b) at / in
b) came up with c) as / on
c) did away with d) for / within
d) cut back on e) by / to
e) looked back on
11. A volcano is considered active ____ it Archaeologists tell us that American Indians may
has erupted in the last 10,000 years. have been (16) ____ the North American
continent for fifty thousand years. They were
a) before the first Americans, and they were great
b) as if explorers, (17) ____. They didn't come to this
c) if continent all at once. It is thought that these
d) until ancient adventurers (18) ____ at different
e) whereas times, over several thousands of years. They
(19) ____ from Asia on foot or by boat. Their
explorations took them through icy landscapes
and along the coastlines. Eventually these
12. Although it looks ____ fire ants bite earliest American explorers (20) ____ over the
when they attack, the correct term to entire continent.
use is “sting”.
16.
a) as though
b) even if a) at
c) albeit b) in
d) by the time c) on
e) only when d) by
e) for

17.
13. Scientists divide plants into two main
groups depending on ____ a) yet
they reproduce by seeds or spores. b) either
c) both
a) however d) well
b) what e) too
c) wherever
d) whose 18.
e) whether
a) arrived
b) have arrived
c) had been arriving
14. Bumblebees secrete a substance d) may arrive
whenever they touch their feet to a e) have been arriving
surface ____ human beings leave their
fingerprints on whatever they touch. 19.

a) even though a) settled

b) now that b) journeyed
c) in that c) conquered
d) in case d) demanded
e) just as e) refrained

20.

15. Japanese people spend a lot of time a) turned into

sitting on the floor, and if given the b) put out
choice, some would ____ sit or lie c) paid off
down on a hard floor ____ relax on a d) spread out
bed or in a comfortable chair. e) looked after

a) neither / nor
b) such / as
c) rather / than ANSWER KEY 5
d) whether / or
e) not only / but also 1 E 6 D 11 C 16 C
2 D 7 A 12 A 17 E
3 B 8 E 13 E 18 A
4 A 9 C 14 E 19 B
5 B 10 B 15 C 20 D