Thermo Fisher Scientif 5201 - D20700

PNF
Gamma Point Level System

Installation & Operation Guide
P/N 717640
Revision F
Part of Thermo Fisher Scientific

PNF
Gamma Point Level System
Installation & Operation Guide
P/N 717640
Revision F
© 2011 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved.
All other trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Thermo Fisher) makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this
manual. However, we cannot be responsible for errors, omissions, or any loss of data as the result of errors or
omissions. Thermo Fisher reserves the right to make changes to the manual or improvements to the product at
any time without notice.
The material in this manual is proprietary and cannot be reproduced in any form without expressed written
consent from Thermo Fisher.
This page intentionally left blank.
Revision History
Revision Level Date Comments
1.2 06-1992 Per E3018.
1.3 09-1992 Per E3211.
1.31 09-1993 Per M4041.
1.32 10-1993 Per M4069.
1.33 08-1994 Per M4510.
1.34 01-1995 Per E4819.
A 06-2006 Per ECO 5238.
B 09-2007 Per ECO 5988.
C 08-2008 Per ECO 6520.
D 11-2009 Per ECO 7162.
E 12-2009 Per ECO 7200.
F 05-2011 Per ECO 7287.
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide v

Contents
Safety Information .............................................................................................. ix
Safety Considerations .............................................................................ix
Safety Summary .....................................................................................ix
Chapter 1 Product Overview ............................................................................................. 1-1

Introduction........................................................................................ 1-1
Principle of Operation ........................................................................ 1-1
Options............................................................................................ 1-1
Chapter 2 Installation & Operation .................................................................................. 2-1

Regulatory Requirements .................................................................... 2-1
General ............................................................................................... 2-2
Mounting............................................................................................ 2-2
Source Housing................................................................................ 2-2
Detector Housing ............................................................................ 2-2
Wiring ................................................................................................ 2-5
Installation & Start-Up ....................................................................... 2-6
System Operation Check.................................................................. 2-6
Shimming the Source Housing......................................................... 2-7
Chapter 3 Gauge Setup....................................................................................................... 3-1

Introduction........................................................................................ 3-1
Theory of Operation ........................................................................ 3-1
The Geiger Mueller Tube ................................................................ 3-3
Setup Methods.................................................................................... 3-3
Using Physical Data & a Survey Meter............................................. 3-3
Using the Gauge as a Counter .......................................................... 3-8
Determining Jumper Settings.............................................................. 3-9
Hysteresis .......................................................................................... 3-10
Accuracy & Sigma............................................................................. 3-11
Chapter 4 Getting Help ....................................................................................................... 4-1

Contact Information ........................................................................... 4-1
Warranty............................................................................................. 4-2
Appendix A Specifications................................................................................................... A-1
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide vii

Contents
Appendix B Drawings............................................................................................................B-1
Appendix C Toxic & Hazardous Substances Tables ....................................................... C-1
viii PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Safety Information
This chapter contains information that must be read and understood by all
persons installing, using, or maintaining this equipment.
Safety
ety Failure to follow appropriate safety procedures or inappropriate use of the
equipment described in this manual can lead to equipment damage or
Considerations injury to personnel.
Any person working with or on the equipment described in this manual is
required to evaluate all functions and operations for potential safety hazards
before commencing work. Appropriate precautions must be taken as
necessary to prevent potential damage to equipment or injury to personnel.
The information in this manual is designed to aid personnel to correctly
and safely install, operate, and/or maintain the system described; however,
personnel are still responsible for considering all actions and procedures for
potential hazards or conditions that may not have been anticipated in the
written procedures. If a procedure cannot be performed safely, it must not
be performed until appropriate actions can be taken to ensure the safety
of the equipment and personnel. The procedures in this manual are not
designed to replace or supersede required or common sense safety practices.
All safety warnings listed in any documentation applicable to equipment
and parts used in or with the system described in this manual must be read
and understood prior to working on or with any part of the system.
Failure to correctly perform the instructions and procedures in this
manual or other documents pertaining to this system can result in
equipment malfunction, equipment damage, and/or injury to personnel.
Safety Summary The following admonitions are used throughout this manual to alert users
to potential hazards or important information. Failure to heed the
warnings and cautions in this manual can lead to injury or equipment
damage.
Warning Warnings notify users of procedures, practices, conditions, etc.

which may result in injury or death if not carefully observed or followed. ▲
Caution Cautions notify users of operating procedures, practices,

conditions, etc. which may result in equipment damage if not carefully
observed or followed. ▲
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide ix

Safety Information
Safety Summary
Note Notes emphasize important or essential information or a statement of

company policy regarding an operating procedure, practice, condition,
etc. ▲
x PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Chapter 1
Product Overview
The Thermo Scientific PNF provides precise on-off control of material
Introduction levels in tanks, pipes, bins, hoppers, or other types of vessels. The
instrument can define a single high or low point, or by using two detectors,
it can set the limits of a given level range. A relay in the detector unit may
control the level and/or alarms. The unit may be wired to indicate either a
high or low material level under power loss conditions (called "fail safe hi"
and "fail safe lo," respectively).
The system consists of two basic components: a detector-electronics unit
and a source housing. Contained in weatherproof housing, the unit mounts
externally to the measurement vessel. The detector unit contains a Geiger-
Mueller detector tube, digital signal processing circuitry, and power supply
circuitry. The source housing consists of a radioactive source, steel encased
lead shielding around the source, and a lockable shutter mechanism for
shielding the beam when shipping the source unit and during periods of
system shutdown or installation. Several standard source sizes and source
housings are available, and the source supplied depends on the size and wall
thickness of the measurement vessel.
Principle of The radiation from the source is formed into a beam by the source housing
and passes through the process vessel (see Figure 1–1). The radiation
Operation reaching the detector decreases as the material in the vessel interrupts the
radiation beam. Each gamma ray interacting with the detector generates a
pulse. Electronic circuitry digitally determines whether the pulse rate from
the detector indicates a high or low material level and sets the state of the
output relay accordingly. The relay may, in turn, be used to control the
material process, activate an alarm, and/or give a visual indication. Figure
1–2 shows several source-detector arrangements for different applications.
Options ● Pneumatic shutter actuator: A pneumatic actuator is available for

operating the shutter on some source housings from remote locations.
This actuator operates on air pressures from 24 to 90 psi (1.7 to 6.1
atm).
● Shutter position switches: Switches indicate positive shutter positions as
either open or closed, or both.
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 1-1

Product Overview
Principle of Operation
● Shock mounting: Used in highly vibrational environments. The

mounting includes four resilient mounts and a holder plate assembly.
Refer to drawing 867138 in Appendix B.
● Water cooled detector: A detector housing that incorporates a water
jacket, allowing the system to function in higher temperature
environments. Water inlet and outlet ports are1/2-inch female NPT.
Figure 1–1. Operational diagrams
1-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Product Overview
Principle of Operation
Figure 1–2. Source-detector arrangements

Chapter 2
Installation & Operation
Regulatory Prior to installing the instrument, refer to the radiation safety guide (P/N
717904) and the following. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and
Requirements "Agreement State" regulations and the interpretation thereof cover
possession, use, installation, relocation, and service of gauging devices.
There are specific authorizations which appear as conditions of licensure
and all other actions are prohibited. There are, for example:
● Licenses authorizing possession and use (the largest category): This
category includes distribution to both General and Specifically licensed
individuals. Most devices possessed under the conditions of General
License may not be commissioned (includes removing the lock from
shutter and start-up), relocated, or serviced under the conditions of that
license. Most devices possessed and used under the provisions of a
Specific License must be employed in the manner and within the
limitations specified by that license. Unless specifically stated under the
conditions of the license, the user may not commission, relocate, or
service the source containing component of the system (source
housing).
● Licenses authorizing installation: Most Thermo Scientific devices have
been approved for the user to physically mount prior to start-up. Final
installation (commissioning) must almost always be supervised by
someone with a Specific License which authorizes installation of that
particular device. Approved installation procedures should be followed.
Relocations and/or removal are interpreted in a like manner.
● Licenses authorizing service and repair: Service and repair of the source
housing containing the radioactive material must be performed by
someone Specifically Licensed to perform such functions. This includes
any action which might violate the integrity of the source containing
unit or the installation.

General
No license is required to possess, install, and service those portions of the

system which do not contain radioactive material (i.e., electronic unit,
detector, etc.). When the source housing is installed, the mounting and
detector housing assembly become an integral part of the radiation
geometry. No attempt should ever be made to remove the radioactive
source from the housing. When not enclosed in the protective shielding of
the source housing, the radiation from the source can be a serious health
hazard.
General The source and detector units are normally mounted on the external wall of
the measurement vessel in an opposite position across the vessel. Both units
should be mounted as close to the vessel walls as possible. Since facilities
vary with each particular installation, the brackets and hardware required to
mount the source and detector units are furnished by the customer.
Caution If it becomes necessary to enter the vessel being monitored, you

must close the source housing shutter before attempting access in order to
avoid excessive radiation exposure. ▲
Mounting
Source Housing Source housing dimensions and weights are given on the drawings in
Appendix B. Mounting brackets and bolts should be sized accordingly.
Detector
etector Housing Refer to drawings C867136 and D860764 for dimensions and typical
mounting of steel and lightweight detector housings. The steel housing
mounts to its bracket with four 1/2-inch diameter bolts. The lightweight
detector housing (4½ pounds) can be mounted with No. 10 or larger sheet
metal screws, jack nuts, etc. (A 3/4-inch NPT conduit nub is provided for
wire entry. Servicing requires an end clearance of at least 12 inches for
removal of the electronics module from the detector housing. The optional
shock mounting arrangement illustrated in drawing C867138 is available
for highly vibrational environments.

Mounting
Refer to this figure for Tables 2–1 through 2–3.
Table 2–1. Source unit dimensions, Models 5178-5180 & 5188

Overall Dimension (in.) Mounting Dimensions (in.) Shipping
Weight
(lb.)
Model A B C1 C1, 2 D E F G3 H3
5178 8-3/8 13 14-3/4 -- 8 5-1/2 10-1/2 2-3/4 5-1/4 160
5179 7-5/8 10 15-1/2 23-1/2 8 5-1/2 8 2-3/4 4 180
5180 9-3/4 12 18-1/2 26-1/8 9 6-1/2 9 3-1/4 4-1/2 270
5188 7-7/16 8 -- -- 7-5/8 6-1/2 6-1/2 3-1/4 3-1/4 155
1
Dimension C is overall height with manually operated shutter mechanism.
2
With optional pneumatic operator for shutter mechanism installed.
3
Dimensions G and H are from centers of mounting holes to centerlines of sources.
Table 2–2. Source unit dimensions, Models 5200–5204

Overall Dimensions (in.) Mounting Dimensions (in.) Shipping
Weight (lb.)
Model A B C D E
5200 6-7/16 8 8-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 28
5201 8-1/8 8 8-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 41
5202 8-1/8 10 10-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 68
5203 10-7/8 10 10-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 120
5204 12-1/4 10 10-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 167
Note User may uncrate and mount source housing but may not remove
the shipping bolt unless the specific license authorizes installation of devices
containing radioactive material. ▲

Mounting
Table 2–3. Source unit dimensions, Models 5205–5208

Overall Dimension (in.) Mounting Face Dimensions Shipping
(in.) Weight
(lb.)
Model A B C D E F G
5205 10-5/8 8-1/2 9 2-1/2 8-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 44
5206 11-3/4 8-1/2 10-1/4 2-1/2 8-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 72
5207 14-5/8 10-1/2 12-7/8 3 10-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 150
5208 16 11 14-1/8 3 10-1/2 6-1/2 6-1/2 190
Note User may uncrate and mount source housing but may not remove
the shipping bolt unless the specific license authorizes installation of devices
containing radioactive material. ▲
Note Source housing normally mounts with the mounting face in vertical
plane. ▲
Table 2–4. Source housing characteristics: Multi-point source housing (fan beam)
Model Maximum Source Size (Cs-137)1 Negative Beam Angle from
Horizontal
5178 50 mCi 42°
5180 4000 mCi 30°
5202 100 mCi 45°
5206 500 mCi 45°
5207 2000 mCi 45°
5208 8000 mCi 45°
5210 20000 mCi 30°
1
Produces 5 mR or less at 1 foot from surface of housing with shutter off.

Wiring
Table 2–5. Source housing characteristics: Single-point source housing (conical

beam)
Model Maximum Source Size (Cs-137)1 Beam Angle
5183 4000 mCi 12°
5192 200 mCi 12°
5193 2000 mCi 12°
5197 100 mCi 12°
5199 200 mCi 12°
5200 100 mCi 13°
5201 100 mCi 13°
5202 500 mCi 13°
5203 2000 mCi 13°
5204 8000 mCi 13°
1
Produces 5 mR or less at 1 foot from surface of housing with shutter off.
Wiring Refer to drawing 868565 for detector wiring. The factory configures the
detector for the line voltage specified by the user (115 Vac or 230 Vac).
Changing the wiring for a different line voltage requires component
changes and is normally not done in the field.
Stranded 14 to 16 gauge wire is recommended for power and relay wiring.
It is necessary to partially remove the electronics from the housing during
wiring. Pull and dress the wires beneath the bottom side of the circuit
board as shown in drawing 868565.
Connect the AC hot power line and the AC neutral power line to terminals
3 and 4, respectively. A crimp-on ring type connector on the safety ground
connects to screw terminal 1.
The hermetically sealed relay comes with a 22 ga. wire pigtail soldered to
the relay connections. If this is a replacement instrument, put a female
spade connector (0.250” x 0.032”) on the pigtail wires to connect to the
female spade connector used to plug onto the old style relay. If this is a new
installation, it is recommended that these wires be connected to the plant
wiring using some form of detachable connector, such as a male/female
crimp-on spade connector.
Drawing 868565 shows the relay in a de-energized state. As normally
wired, the de-energized relay represents a high material level condition.
This condition also exists if interruption of line power to the point level
switch occurs. This configuration is called “fail safe hi.” The opposite
configuration, "fail safe lo,” is achieved by a jumper change on the circuit
board. Remove power before changing jumpers.

Installation & Start-Up
Installation & 1. Ensure the shutter is still OFF and locked in the OFF position.
Start-Up
2. Bolt the source housing onto the existing brackets.
Unless you are authorized to install, stop here!
3. Apply power to the detector.
4. Ensure no one is between the source housing and the detector in the
vessel being monitored.
5. Unlock the shutter and move it to the ON position.
6. Survey and Leak Test the installed system.
System
stem Operation Check operation of the instrument:
Check
1. Ensure the source housing shutter is in the OFF position.
2. Lower the material in the vessel below the source detector line, if
necessary.
3. Monitor opening and closing of the relay contacts with an indicator,

such as an ohmmeter or a light.
4. Place the source housing shutter in the ON position and verify that the
relay switches. Be sure to allow sufficient time for the switch to sense
the change in radiation level. This time will vary depending on the
wiring of the instrument for the particular application and when the
radiation change occurred during the measurement cycle. Under some
conditions, the response can take as long as two clock periods. (The
clock period should be indicated inside the housing cover if other than
standard.)
5. Placing the source housing shutter in the OFF position should again
change the status of the control relay. If the relay does not switch,
check for material build-up on the vessel walls or some other
obstruction of the radiation beam. If no abnormalities are found,
consult the factory.

6. With the source housing shutter in the ON position, vary the material
in the vessel above and below the source-detector line. The control
relay status should change as the material level goes above and below
the source-detector line.
If the instrument fails to function as the material level is varied and if it
operated properly when alternating the shutter between the ON and
OFF positions (from steps 4 and 5), the radiation level at the detector is
too high and cannot be sufficiently attenuated by process material. This
is not uncommon on relatively small pipes or vessels and/or light
process material, and in such cases, it is necessary to reduce the
radiation level at the detector by placing the metal shims in front of the
source housing beam port. The shimming procedure for Models 5192,
5193, and 5200 through 5025 source housings is described in the
following section. Contact the factory for problems with other model
source housings.
Shimming the Shimming, or placing radiation absorbing material between the source
Source Housing housing and the vessel, reduces the radiation intensity at the detector. As
previously mentioned, this procedure may be necessary for proper gauge
operation in the case of small pipes or vessels and low density process
materials, or it may be simply desirable from the point of view of
minimizing radiation levels to reduce personnel exposure and to prolong
detector life. Specific thicknesses of lead or steel plates can be related to
varying percentages of radiation absorption (or transmission) as shown in
Table 2–6. By using varying thicknesses of these materials in combination,
very fine control of the radiation level can be obtained. To shim the source
housing, follow these steps.
1. For Models 5200 through 5204, place shutter in the OFF position, and
remove all the shim plates from the shutter. Note that this requires
removing the shutter on Models 5192 and 5193. Lower the material in
the vessel until it no longer interferes with the radiation beam. Place the
shutter in the ON position and ensure that the instrument indicates a
low material level.
2. Insert shim plates until the source housing, when ON, no longer
produces a lower material level signal or until the operation is erratic,
e.g., it requires several clock periods to produce a low material level
signal.

Note Be sure to place the source housing shutter in the OFF position each
time you add shim material. Place the shutter in the ON position to check
the level signal. This procedure ensures that the instrument’s built-in
hysteresis does not affect the shimming process. ▲
3. Begin removing the shim material in increments equivalent to 1/8 inch

of steel or less until opening the source housing shutter produces a
reliable low level signal. Alternate the shutter between ON and OFF
several times to ensure that the operation is consistent.
4. As a final check, verify that the instrument operates properly when

process material is moved up and down in the pipe or vessel.
Table 2–6. Approximate shim effects on radiation levels
Thickness:
Lead Steel % Absorption % Transmission
- 1/32” 4 90
- 1/16” 8 92
- 1/8” 15 85
1/8” ¼” 30 70
1/4” ½” 50 50
1/2” 1” 75 25
3/4” - 88 12

Chapter 3
Gauge Setup
The gauge is calibrated at the factory according to customer specifications.
Introduction If specifications were not received, the gauge is set up with factory defaults,
which are:
● Time jumpers (F and G): TF
● Low count jumpers (A and B): TC
● High count jumpers (C, D, and E): TTD
If you need to adjust the sensitivity of the instrument, follow the
instructions in this chapter. Contact Thermo Fisher if you need assistance.
Theory
heory of Operation The switching action of the gauge depends on two factors: time and change
in radiation level. These factors are interactive and must be considered
together for proper operation. Hi and lo alarm points, fail safe action, and
time are set with jumpers.
Note It is important to remember that material level and radiation level are
inversely related: a high material level causes a low radiation level, and a
low material level causes a high radiation level. ▲
The gauge’s switching action is controlled by a relay. When set for fail safe
hi, this relay de-energizes (alarms) when the vessel material reaches the high
material level or when power is lost. The relay stays in this state until the
level falls below the low material level for the specified time. In terms of
radiation, the unit alarms when the level reaches the low radiation trip
point and stays in that state until the level reaches the high radiation trip
point. See Figure 3–1.

Gauge Setup
Introduction
Figure 3–1. Fail safe hi

When set for fail safe lo, the relay de-energizes (alarms) when the material
level reaches the level defined as low level (or at loss of ac power). It
remains in that state until the level remains above the level defined as high
material level for the specified time. In terms of radiation, the unit alarms
when the level reaches the high radiation trip point and stays in that state
until the level reaches the low radiation trip point. See Figure 3–2.
Figure 3–2. Fail safe lo

For optimum accuracy, hysteresis or dead band (the space between hi count
and lo count) must be as large as possible. Increase the time constant to
accumulate more counts if you have difficulty meeting this requirement.
Note that the gauge can only detect radiation in an area as large as the
diameter of the Geiger-Mueller tube, so hi and lo material levels will be
close together.
Proper jumper settings depend on accurate measurement of the actual
radiation level and the desired switching/response time. We recommend
using a survey meter with a minimum full scale reading of at least 0.2
mR/hr to determine radiation levels and using TN and in from Table 3–4
and using Tables 3–5a and 3–5b to set jumpers.

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
The Geiger Mueller The Geiger-Mueller (GM) tube detects radiation from the source. Each
Tube gamma ray that reaches the tube produces a count. The GM tube produces
approximately 100 counts per mR/hr of radiation.
The life of the GM tube depends on the voltage on the tube (which is
fixed) and the amount of radiation reaching the tube (which is variable). If
you set up your gauge to read high radiation levels, the life of your GM
tube will be diminished. A GM tube which has failed will often exhibit
extremely high counts in a low radiation field or no counts at all in a high
radiation field.
Setup Methods
Using
ing Physical Data & A survey meter is required for this procedure to determine high radiation
level.
a Survey Meter
Definition of Variables
L = radiation path length in inches
RE = radiation in empty vessel (highest radiation level)
RH = radiation with low material level (high radiation level)
in = bulk density in inches
TN = nominal time (count time * 1.5)
TC = count time (TC < TN)
H = Hysteresis (dead band)
 = Sigma or accuracy. Equal to Craw where C = counts
1. Calculate SGU-inches:
a. Determine L, the radiation path length in inches.
Note To trigger the detector on the apex of a mound, use L1 in Figure

3–3. When mounding is not present, use L2. ▲
b. Determine , the bulk density of the vessel material in SGU.

c. Calculate (L * ) = in, where in = SGU inches of material.

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
Figure 3–3. Radiation path length
2. Measure Rbg, the background radiation (every set up has some amount):
a. Close the source.
b. Open any other nuclear sources that are in the area.
c. Use a survey meter to measure the Rbg at the detector. This will
generally be between .01 and .02 mR/hr.
d. If you do not have a survey meter, refer to “Using the Gauge as a
Counter” later in this chapter.
Note If Rbg is greater than .03 mR/hr., consult Thermo Fisher. ▲
3. Measure RE, the empty vessel radiation. This is the highest radiation
level possible. If you cannot empty the vessel, skip this step and go to
step 4.
a. With the vessel empty and the source open, measure the radiation
present at the detector. Record this measurement as RE.
b. If your source housing has a slide shutter:
i. Remove the shutter from the source housing.
ii. Refer to Figure 3–4 and remove the removable plates from the
side of the shutter. Do not remove the permanent plates.
iii. Measure radiation present at the detector. Record this
measurement as RE.
iv. Install the plates removed in step ii.

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
Figure 3–4. Slide shutter
4. Determine RL, the radiation at lowest material level. It is equal to your

highest radiation field strength at your lowest material level. This
number is not directly used to set up the instrument. It is used in
Equation 2 as a check out value.
Note RL must be less than RE. ▲
a. Refer to Tables 3–5a and 3–5b. Locate RL for your TN and in.
b. If your application has a falling curtain of material and the material
is not present at this time, multiply RL by 1.5 to compensate. This
is an approximation: the distance the material falls, its density, and
how much of the material falls through the beam path (among
other factors) will affect the accuracy of this compensation.
Greater accuracy can be obtained by checking radiation levels with
the curtain present.
c. If RL  RE, your set up is good. RE should be slightly higher than
RL, within the range defined by this equation:
Equation 1 RL  RE  1 / 6 in RL
d. If RE > 1/6 in RL, add shims between the source and the vessel wall
until Equation 2 is satisfied. See Table 3–1.
5. Determine TN, the response time:

Determine your desired response time (count time, Tc). Multiply this
by 1.5 to get the nominal response time (TN). This time represents the
minimum response time of the system to a change in radiation. TN is
longer than Tc to ensure that only sustained, actual changes in material
level are reported.
Nominal response time is set by jumpers F and G. Follow the
instructions in step 7 to set the jumpers.
A longer TN can increase accuracy. If you have difficulty providing
enough hysteresis at one response time, try increasing the response
time.

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
6. Shim the source:

Calculate N (number of half-values of material) using this equation:
Equation 2 N  in / 4
Lead or steel can be used for shimming between the source and the
vessel wall. Use the following table to find Ns (number of half values of
shim material) such that RE / 2Ns satisfies Equation 2. Note that 4 SGU
inches equal one half-value. Measure RE again after shimming to verify
that the new RE satisfies Equation 2.
Table 3–1.
RE / 2Ns Ns Lead Steel
RE / 2 1 1/4 in. 1/2 in.
RE / 4 2 1/2 in. 1 in.
RE / 8 3 3/4 in. 1-1/2 in.
RE / 16 4 1 in. 2 in.
RE / 32 5 1-1/4 in. 2-1/2 in.
7. Set the jumpers:
Caution Turn the power OFF before changing any jumper settings. ▲
Set the following in order to use your gauge:

● Radiation at High Material Level (jumpers C, D, and E)
● Radiation at Lo Material Level (jumpers A and B)
● Fail Safe Hi or Fail Safe Lo
● Response Time (jumpers F and G)
A jumper set to “T” is not used and should be tied off. Jumpers can be
tied off vertically (column A in Figure 3–5), or they can be placed in
the T position (columns A, C, and E). Jumpers go across when active.
For example, in Figure 3–5, jumpers in columns A, C, and E are tied
off. The jumpers in rows E, F, G, and H of column A are also tied off
because they are in a vertical position. The jumper in column B is set to
16 (it is placed horizontally on row B), and the jumper in column D is
set to 64 (placed horizontally on row D).
Caution Do not jumper column B to column C. ▲

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
Jumper all columns to the right EXCEPT columns B and E. Jumper B

and E to the left.
To remove jumpers, use needle nose pliers and pull up gently. Do not
discard unused jumpers: place them in the T position. To replace
jumpers, note which column you are working with. Column IDs are
alphabetical codes at the top of each column. Jumper settings are
identified by alphabetical codes listed in a row to the side of each pin.
See Figure 3–5.
Jumpers are additive. Get as close as possible to the desired setting. For
example, for a high radiation count of 480, set Hi jumpers like this
(FED):
Table 3–2.
Column Jumper Setting Value
C F 256
D E 128
E D 64
448 Total
FED equals 448 counts, which is as close as possible to the actual value
of 480.
Figure 3–5. Jumper setting example

Gauge Setup
Setup Methods
If the change in radiation between Hi and Lo material level is small, you

may need to follow the procedure outlined in “Determining Jumper
Settings” to achieve desired accuracy.
Note Hi and Lo jumpers cannot be set the same (this would not provide
for hysteresis). To increase hysteresis while optimizing the number of
sigmas, increase the count time (TN). ▲
Using
ing the Gauge as If a survey meter is not available, the gauge can be used to measure received
a Counter radiation in mR/hr equivalents. We recommend that you determine the
count rate, convert this to mR/hr using Equations 3 and 4, and then use
Tables 3–5a and 3–5b to find your jumper settings. If the change in
radiation between Hi and Lo material level is small, you may need to follow
the procedure outlined in “Determining Jumper Settings” to achieve
desired accuracy.
Definition of Variables
RL = radiation with a low material level (high radiation level)
RH = radiation with a high material level (low radiation level)
TN = nominal time (count time * 1.5)
TC = count time (TC < TN)
LOR = raw low count value
LOc = low count setting for jumpers A and B
HIR = raw high count value
HIc = high count setting for jumpers C, D, and E
H= hysteresis (dead band)
 = Sigma or accuracy. Equal to Craw where C = counts
1. Turn the power OFF.
2. Temporarily set the jumpers as indicated below.

Table 3–3.
Column Row Value
A A to E Any value between 8 and 128
B K 4096
C T Tied off

Gauge Setup
Determining Jumper Settings
Column Row Value

D T Tied off
E L 8192
F T Tied off
G L 137
3. Remove the Fail Hi or Fail Lo jumper and place it on the SPI contacts.
4. The relay will pulse (open or close) every time the unit senses the
number of counts selected by jumper A. For example, if jumper A is set
to 128, the relay will pulse when the detector has sensed 128 counts.
These pulses can be converted to radiation field strength using one of
these formulas:
Equation 3 1 mR / hr  100 GM tube pulses / s
Equation 4
((jumper A setting  # relay changes ) / time period ) / 100 
Radiation in mR / hr
Example: What is the radiation field if the relay pulses 24 times in a 30-
second time period when jumper A is set to “D” (64)?
((64 * 24) / 30) / 100 = .519 mR/hr
Note The column A jumper should be set to produce about one relay pulse
per second. Up the setting of jumper A if the relay is pulsing too fast. ▲
Determine the radiation level at the highest and lowest material levels using
this method. Then use Tables 3–5a and 3–5b to locate your jumper
settings, or use the method discussed in the following section.
Determining This is an advanced procedure. If you need assistance, contact Thermo

Fisher.
Jumper Settings
We recommend that you determine the count rate, convert this to mR/hr
using Equations 3 and 4. Then use Tables 3–5a and 3–5b to find your
jumper settings. However, if the change in radiation between Hi and Lo is
small, follow the procedure outlined in this section to achieve desired
accuracy.

Gauge Setup
Hysteresis
1. Setting lo count jumpers:

Set lo count jumpers (columns A and B) using Equations 5 and 6. RH is
measured radiation level at the detector with high material level (low
radiation level). LOR is raw low count value. LOC is low count value, or
where jumpers A and B should be set.
Equation 5 RH  100  TN  LO R
Equation 6 LO R  5 LO R  LO c
Note There must be a minimum of eight counts between hi and lo jumper

settings. ▲
Note Hi and lo jumpers cannot be set the same (this would not provide for
hysteresis). To increase hysteresis while optimizing accuracy, increase the
response time (TN). ▲
2. Setting hi count jumpers:

Set hi count jumpers (columns C, D, and E) using Equations 7 and 8.
RL is measured radiation level at the detector with low material level
(high radiation level). HIR is raw high count value. HIC is high count
value or where jumpers C, D, and E should be set.
Equation 7 RL  100  TN  HIR
Equation 8 HIR  7 HIR  HIc
Note There must be a minimum of eight counts between hi and lo jumper

settings. ▲
Note Hi and lo jumpers cannot be set the same (this would not provide for
hysteresis). To increase hysteresis while optimizing accuracy, increase the
response time (TN). ▲
Hysteresis Hysteresis (sometimes called dead band) must exist between the high and
low count settings. Hysteresis (H) must be equal to at least 5 times the
square root of the high count.
Equation 9 H5  HIc
If this equation cannot be satisfied, increase count time (TC).

Gauge Setup
Accuracy & Sigma
Accuracy & Sigma () is equal to the square root of the (raw) counts. The greater the
number of sigmas, the greater the accuracy.
Sigma
Record your jumper settings
Settings:
Date:

Gauge Setup
Accuracy & Sigma
Table 3–4. Required empty vessel radiation levels in mR/hr

Gauge Setup
Accuracy & Sigma
Table 3–5a. Jumper settings (1 of 2)

Gauge Setup
Accuracy & Sigma
Table 3–5b. Jumper settings (2 of 2)

Chapter 4
Getting Help
Contact The local representative is your first contact for support and is well
equipped to answer questions and provide application assistance. You can
Information also contact Thermo Fisher directly.
Process Instruments
1410 Gillingham Lane 14 Gormley Industrial Avenue Unit 702-715, 7/F Tower West
Sugar Land, TX Gormley, Ontario Yonghe Plaza No. 28
77478 USA L0H 1G0 Andingmen East Street, Beijing
CANADA 100007 CHINA
+1 (800) 437-7979
+1 (713) 272-0404 direct +1 (905) 888-8808 +86 (10) 8419-3588
+1 (713) 4573 fax +1 (905) 888-8828 fax +86 (10) 8419-3580 fax
A-101, 1CC Trade Tower Ion Path, Road Three
Senapati Bapat Road Winsford, Cheshire
Pune 411 016 CW7 3GA
Maharashtra, INDIA UNITED KINGDOM
+91 (20) 6626 7000

+44 (0) 1606 548700
+91 (20) 6626 7001 fax
+44 (0) 1606 548711 fax
www.thermoscientific.com
For returns, contact Thermo Fisher for specific instructions.

Getting Help
Warranty
Warranty Thermo Scientific products are warranted to be free from defects in

material and workmanship at the time of shipment and for one year
thereafter. Any claimed defects in Thermo Scientific products must be
reported within the warranty period. Thermo Fisher shall have the right to
inspect such products at Buyer’s plant or to require Buyer to return such
products to Thermo Fisher plant.
In the event Thermo Fisher requests return of its products, Buyer shall ship
with transportation charges paid by the Buyer to Thermo Fisher plant.
Shipment of repaired or replacement goods from Thermo Fisher plant shall
be F.O.B. Thermo Fisher plant. A quotation of proposed work will be sent
to the customer. Thermo Fisher shall be liable only to replace or repair, at
its option, free of charge, products which are found by Thermo Fisher to
be defective in material or workmanship, and which are reported to
Thermo Fisher within the warranty period as provided above. This right to
replacement shall be Buyer’s exclusive remedy against Thermo Fisher.
Thermo Fisher shall not be liable for labor charges or other losses or
damages of any kind or description, including but not limited to,
incidental, special or consequential damages caused by defective products.
This warranty shall be void if recommendations provided by Thermo
Fisher or its Sales Representatives are not followed concerning methods of
operation, usage and storage or exposure to harsh conditions.
Materials and/or products furnished to Thermo Fisher by other suppliers
shall carry no warranty except such suppliers’ warranties as to materials and
workmanship. Thermo Fisher disclaims all warranties, expressed or
implied, with respect to such products.
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE AGREED TO IN WRITING BY Thermo
Fisher, THE WARRANTIES GIVEN ABOVE ARE IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, AND Thermo
Fisher HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
INCLUDING THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
FOR PURPOSE.

Appendix A
Specifications
*Results may vary under different operating conditions.
Table A–1. Detector-Electronics specifications
Level accuracy ±1/4 in. (6 mm)
Sampling time 0.13–204 sec., depending on application
Response time Approximately 1.5 x sampling time
Radiation field required .05 mR/hr or greater, depending on sampling time
Minimum radiation change 25%
required for operation
Temperature range Process: unlimited
Standard detector unit: -40°F to 200°F (-40°C to 93°C)
Detector type: Halogen-quenched Geiger-Mueller tube
Output DPDT contacts (5 amp at 115 Vac or 5 amp at 230 Vac)
Circuitry Totally digital – all integrated circuits
Controls None – No adjustment in electronics required
Fail safe Either high level or low level fail safe operation
Power requirements Standard: 115 Vac ±15% at 10 VA, 50–60 Hz
Optional: 230 Vac at 10 VA
Detector housing Explosion proof steel housing designed to meet:
Explosion proof Class 1, Groups B, C, D; Class 2,
Groups E, F, G ; Class 3; NEMA 4
Size: 15” (plus conduit hub) x 3-1/2” diameter (381 x
89 mm)
Weight: 17 lb (7.7 kg)
Aluminum housing:
Special lightweight NEMA 4 housing. Integral
mounting bracket.
Size: 11-1/8" (plus conduit hub) x 6" x 6" including
mounting bracket (283 x 152 x 152 mm) (length x
height x depth)
Weight: 4-1/2 lb (2.0 kg)
Shock mounting: used for highly vibrational environments
Water cooled detector: Allows the system to function in
higher temperature environments
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide A-1

Specifications
Table A–2. Source & Source Heads

Source Cs-137 or Co-60
Source size 20 to 4000 mCi, depending on application
Source shutter Manually operated with two positions, ON or OFF. Remote
control manual/pneumatic shutter actuator is available as an
option on some models.
Note Refer to individual source head drawings for weights, dimensions,

and beam characteristics. ▲
Table A–3. System

Capabilities System installs on any size container with diameter from 2 in.
(51 mm) to 300 ft. (91.4 m). Maximum diameter depends upon
the thickness of the vessel wall.
A-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Appendix B
Drawings
Note Information presented in this chapter has been regenerated from
original drawings. Every effort is made to maintain document accuracy.
However, in order to enhance legibility, the documents may have been
restructured and some information may have been intentionally excluded.
Therefore, the drawings within this manual may not be exact duplicates of
the original drawings. ▲
Note Drawings in this manual are included for reference only and may not
be the current version. Contact the factory if you need a copy of the latest
revision. ▲
Table B–1.
Drawing # Rev. Description Page
C85728M F Source head, point level. 5-inch lead, 200 mCi maximum, B–2
Cs-137 (1 sheet)
C85729M Source head, point level. 6-inch lead, 2000 mCi maximum, B–3
Cs-137 (1 sheet)
D866891 -- Mounting dimensions: Source head Model 5210 (2 sheets) B–4
867136 A Mounting dimensions: Explosion proof PNF detector B–6
housing (2 sheets)
D860764 B Mounting dimensions: Aluminum detector housing (3 B–8
sheets)
D867138 -- Mounting dimensions: Explosion proof shock mount PNF B–11
detector housing (2 sheets)
C867137 -- Mounting dimensions: Water cooled, explosion proof PNF B–13
detector housing (2 sheets)
868565 E Installation wiring diagram: Level switch, digital (PNF) (1 B–15
sheet)
D866144 A Mounting instructions: Remote manual actuator, Model B–16
5200 (2 sheets)
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide B-1

Drawings
Figure B–1. Drawing C85728M: Source head, point level. 5-inch lead, 200 mCi
maximum, Cs-137 (sheet 1 of 1)
B-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Drawings
Figure B–2. Drawing C85729M: Source head, point level. 6-inch lead, 2000 mCi maximum, Cs-137 (sheet 1
of 1)

Drawings
Figure B–3. Drawing D866891: Mounting dimensions – Source head Model 5210 (sheet 1
of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–4. Drawing D866891: Mounting dimensions – Source head Model 5210 (sheet 2 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–5. Drawing 867136: Mounting dimensions – Explosion proof PNF detector housing (sheet 1 of
2)

Drawings
Figure B–6. Drawing 867136: Mounting dimensions – Explosion proof PNF

detector housing (sheet 2 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–7. Drawing D860764: Mounting dimensions – Aluminum detector housing (sheet 1 of 3)

Drawings
Figure B–8. Drawing D860764: Mounting dimensions – Aluminum detector housing (sheet 2 of 3)

Drawings
Figure B–9. Drawing D860764: Mounting dimensions – Aluminum detector

housing (sheet 3 of 3)

Drawings
Figure B–10. Drawing D867138: Explosion proof shock mount PNF detector housing (sheet 1 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–11. Drawing D867138: Explosion proof shock mount PNF detector
housing (sheet 2 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–12. Drawing C867137: Water cooled, explosion proof PNF detector housing (sheet 1 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–13. Drawing C867137: Water cooled, explosion proof PNF detector housing
(sheet 2 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–14. Drawing 868565: Installation wiring diagram: Level switch, digital (PNF) (sheet 1
of 1)

Drawings
Figure B–15. Drawing D866144: Mounting instructions: Remote manual

actuator, Model 5200 (sheet 1 of 2)

Drawings
Figure B–16. Drawing D866144: Mounting instructions: Remote manual actuator, Model 5200 (sheet 2 of 2)

Appendix C
Toxic & Hazardous Substances
Tables
The English and Chinese versions of the Toxic and Hazardous Substances
tables are shown below.
Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide C-1

Thermo Fisher Scientific
81 Wyman Street
P.O. Box 9046
Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9046
United States
www.thermofisher.com

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Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide v

Chapter 1 Product Overview ............................................................................................. 1-1

Chapter 2 Installation & Operation .................................................................................. 2-1

Chapter 3 Gauge Setup....................................................................................................... 3-1

Chapter 4 Getting Help ....................................................................................................... 4-1

Appendix A Specifications................................................................................................... A-1

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide vii

Appendix C Toxic & Hazardous Substances Tables ....................................................... C-1

viii PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Warning Warnings notify users of procedures, practices, conditions, etc.

Caution Cautions notify users of operating procedures, practices,

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide ix

Note Notes emphasize important or essential information or a statement of

x PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Options ● Pneumatic shutter actuator: A pneumatic actuator is available for

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 1-1

● Shock mounting: Used in highly vibrational environments. The

Figure 1–1. Operational diagrams

1-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Figure 1–2. Source-detector arrangements

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 1-3

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 2-1

No license is required to possess, install, and service those portions of the

Caution If it becomes necessary to enter the vessel being monitored, you

2-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Refer to this figure for Tables 2–1 through 2–3.

Table 2–1. Source unit dimensions, Models 5178-5180 & 5188

Table 2–2. Source unit dimensions, Models 5200–5204

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 2-3

Table 2–3. Source unit dimensions, Models 5205–5208

2-4 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Table 2–5. Source housing characteristics: Single-point source housing (conical

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 2-5

Unless you are authorized to install, stop here!

3. Apply power to the detector.

5. Unlock the shutter and move it to the ON position.

6. Survey and Leak Test the installed system.

3. Monitor opening and closing of the relay contacts with an indicator,

2-6 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 2-7

3. Begin removing the shim material in increments equivalent to 1/8 inch

4. As a final check, verify that the instrument operates properly when

2-8 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 3-1

Figure 3–1. Fail safe hi

Figure 3–2. Fail safe lo

3-2 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Note To trigger the detector on the apex of a mound, use L1 in Figure

b. Determine , the bulk density of the vessel material in SGU.

Thermo Fisher Scientific PNF Installation & Operation Guide 3-3

Figure 3–3. Radiation path length

Note If Rbg is greater than .03 mR/hr., consult Thermo Fisher. ▲

3-4 PNF Installation & Operation Guide Thermo Fisher Scientific

Figure 3–4. Slide shutter