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Stat Assignment

The document discusses comparing proportions between two populations using a z-test. It provides an example comparing the proportion of rooted cuttings from two batches of 30 stem cuttings each that were dipped in IBA solutions at different concentrations. The calculated z-value is less than the critical value, so there is no significant difference between the proportions at the two concentrations.

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79 views2 pages

Stat Assignment

The document discusses comparing proportions between two populations using a z-test. It provides an example comparing the proportion of rooted cuttings from two batches of 30 stem cuttings each that were dipped in IBA solutions at different concentrations. The calculated z-value is less than the critical value, so there is no significant difference between the proportions at the two concentrations.

Uploaded by

api-541321604
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

Example of Inference statistics


When the observations form counts belonging to particular categories such as ‘diseased’ or
‘healthy’, ‘dead’ or ‘alive’ etc. the data are usually summarized in terms of proportions. We may
then be interested in comparing the proportions of incidence of an attribute in two populations.
The null hypothesis set up in such cases is H0: P1 = P2 and the alternative hypothesis is H1:P1 ≠ P2
(or P1 > P2 or P1 < P2) where P1 and P2 are proportions representing the two populations. In order
to test our hypothesis, we take two independent samples of large size, say n1 and n2 from the
two populations and obtain two sample proportions P1 and P2, respectively. The test statistic
used is,
𝑃1 − P2
𝑧= 𝑝1𝑞1 𝑝2𝑞2
√ +
𝑛1 𝑛2

where q1 = 1 - p1, q2 = 1 - p2, This statistic follows a standard normal distribution.


As an example, consider an experiment on rooting of stem cuttings of Casuarina
equisetifolia wherein the effect of dipping the cuttings in solutions of IBA at two different
concentrations was observed. Two batches of 30 cuttings each, were subjected dipping
treatment at concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm of IBA solutions respectively. Based on the
observations on number of cuttings rooted in each batch of 30 cuttings, the following proportions
of rooted cuttings under each concentration were obtained. At 50 ppm, the proportion of rooted
cuttings was 0.5 and at 100 ppm, the proportion was 0.37. The question of interest is whether
the observed proportions are indicative of significant differences in the effect of IBA at the two
concentrations.

In accordance with our notation, here, p1 = 0.5 and p2 = 0.37. Then q1 = 0.5, q2 = 0.63. The value
of n1 = n2 = 30. The value of the test statistic is,

0.5 − 0.37
𝑧= = 1.024
(0.5)(0.5) (0.37)(0.63)
√ +
30 30

Since the calculated value of z (1.024) is less than the table value (1.96) at 5% level of significance, we can conclude that there is no significant
difference between proportion rooted cuttings under the two concentration levels.
3. Forest biological science student is working for a diversity study during her on the job training.
She established 2–km transect line and listed all trees. He observed 50 trees with 20cm DBH.
These observations will be used to study the level of diversity in the site.
a. Describe the population.
The population of the trees is 50.

b. Describe the sample.


The 50 tree samples have 20cm DBH respectively.

c. Will she be using descriptive statistics or inferential statistics in this study?


The student use inferential statistic because she use sample statistics for the study.

Descriptive statistics describe what is going on in a population or data set. Inferential statistics,
by contrast, allow scientists to take findings from a sample group and generalize them to a larger
population.

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