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    Tutorial 3 Electrochemistry

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    munirah
    This document provides a tutorial on electrochemistry concepts including defining terms like anode, cathode, and standard reduction potential. It asks questions about oxidation-reduction reactions and using standard reduction potentials to determine the strongest reducing/oxidizing agents and which species are most easily reduced or oxidized. Sample calculations are provided for determining cell potentials, products of electrolysis, and amounts of substances produced through electrolysis.

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    Tutorial 3 Electrochemistry

    Uploaded by

    munirah
    234 views6 pages
    This document provides a tutorial on electrochemistry concepts including defining terms like anode, cathode, and standard reduction potential. It asks questions about oxidation-reduction reactions and using standard reduction potentials to determine the strongest reducing/oxidizing agents and which species are most easily reduced or oxidized. Sample calculations are provided for determining cell potentials, products of electrolysis, and amounts of substances produced through electrolysis.

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    TUTORIAL 3 ELECTROCHEMISTRY

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    This document provides a tutorial on electrochemistry concepts including defining terms like anode, cathode, and standard reduction potential. It asks questions about oxidation-reduction reactions and using standard reduction potentials to determine the strongest reducing/oxidizing agents and which species are most easily reduced or oxidized. Sample calculations are provided for determining cell potentials, products of electrolysis, and amounts of substances produced through electrolysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    234 views6 pages

    Tutorial 3 Electrochemistry

    Uploaded by

    munirah
    This document provides a tutorial on electrochemistry concepts including defining terms like anode, cathode, and standard reduction potential. It asks questions about oxidation-reduction reactions and using standard reduction potentials to determine the strongest reducing/oxidizing agents and which species are most easily reduced or oxidized. Sample calculations are provided for determining cell potentials, products of electrolysis, and amounts of substances produced through electrolysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 6

    TUTORIAL 3 (CHM431)

    ELECTROCHEMISTRY

    1. Define the following terms:


    a) Anode
    b) Cathode
    c) Electromotive force
    d) Standard reduction potential

    2.
    a) Define oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer?
    b) Does an oxidizing agent donate electrons to another substance or remove them from
    it?
    c) Does a reducing agent donate electrons to another substance or remove them from it?

    3.
    a) Which species in the table above is the strongest reducing agent? (A species could be
    either an atom or an ion.)
    b) Which species in the table above is the strongest oxidising agent?
    c) Which species is the most easily reduced?
    d) Which species is the most easily oxidised?
    e) Considering only the Mg2+/Mg and the Zn2+/Zn equilibria, which species is the
    strongest oxidising agent?
    f) Considering only the Cu2+/Cu and Ag+/Ag equilibria, which species is the strongest
    reducing agent?
    g) Considering only the Ca2+/Ca and Al3+/Al equilibria, which species is most easily
    oxidised?
    h) Considering only the Fe2+/Fe and Pb2+/Pb equilibria, which species is most easily
    reduced?

    4.
    Al 3+ (aq) + 3e - Al (s) E° = - 1.66 V
    Fe 2+ (aq) + 2e - Fe (s) E° = - 0.44 V

    a) Predict the anode, cathode, and overall cell reactions that occur as this cell operates.
    b) Predict the overall cell potential, E° cell. (1.22 V)
    c) Describe the direction of ion and electron flow in the diagram.

    6. Describe the basic features of an electrochemical cell. Why are the two components of the
    cell separated from each other?

    7. What is the function of salt bridge?

    8. What kind of salt bridge should be used in a salt bridge?


    9. Write the cell notation for the voltaic cell that incorporates in redox reactions for: Al(s) +
    Cr3+ (aq) Al3+(aq) + Cr(s)

    10. What is a cell diagram? Write the cell diagram for an electrochemical cell consisting of
    an Al electrode placed in a 1 M Al(NO 3)3 solution and Ag electrode placed in a 1 M
    AgNO3 solution

    11. Calculate the standard electromotive force (emf) of a cell that uses Ag/Ag + and Al/Al3+
    half-cell reactions. (E° for Ag/Ag+ is = +0.80 V and E° for Al/Al3+ is -1.66 V). Write the
    cell reaction that occurs under standard-state conditions
    (+2.46 V)

    12. Can Sn reduce Zn2+ (aq) under standard-state conditions? (E° for Sn/Sn 2+ is = -0.14 V and
    E° for Zn/Zn2+ is –0.74 V). Why?
    (No)
    13. Predict whether the following reactions would occur spontaneously in aqueous solution at
    25°C. (Refer value of E° from standard reduction potentials table)

    a) Ca(s) + Cd2+(aq) Ca2+(aq) + Cd(s)


    b) 2Br-(aq) + Sn2+(aq) Br2(l) + Sn(s)
    c) 2Ag(s) + Ni2+(aq) 2Ag+(aq) + Ni(s)
    d) Cu+(aq) + Fe3+(aq) Cu2+(aq) + Fe2+(aq)
    (spontaneous, nonspontaneous, nonspontaneous, spontaneous)

    14. Calculate the standard emf of an electrochemical cell made of a Cd electrode in a 1.0 M
    Cd(NO3)2 solution and a Cr electrode in a 1.0 M Cr(NO 3)3 solution? (E° for Cd/Cd2+ is =
    0.40 V and E° for Cr/Cr3+ is -0.74 V)
    (+0.34 V)

    15. Calculate E° and E for the following cell reactions.

    a) Mg(s) + Sn2+(aq) Mg2+(aq) + Sn(s)


    [Mg2+] = 0.045 M, [Sn2+] = 0.035 M
    b) Co(s) + Fe2+(aq) Co2+(aq) + Fe(s)
    [Co2+] = 0.15 M, [Fe2+] = 0.68 M
    (+2.23 V and +2.227 V, -0.16 V and -0.14 V)

    15. Calculate the emf of a cell consisting of Cd 2+/Cd half-cell and a Pt/H+/H2 half-cell if
    [Cd2+] = 0.20 M, [H+] = 0.16 M, and PH2 = 0.80 atm? (Refers standard reduction
    potentials table for E° value)
    (+0.38 V)

    16. Find the cell potential of a galvanic cell based on the following reduction half-reactions at
    25 °C where [Cd 2+ ] = 0.020 M and [Pb 2+ ] = 0.200 M.

    Cd2+ + 2e - → Cd E° = -0.403 V
    2+ -
    Pb + 2e → Pb E° = -0.126 V
    (0.300 V)

    17. An aqueous solution of Mg(NO3)2 is electrolyzed. What are the gaseous produced at the
    anode and cathode?
    (anode, O2 ; cathode, H2)
    18. Consider the electrolysis of molten barium chloride, BaCl2.
    a) Write the half-reactions
    b) How many grams of barium metal can be produced by supplying 0.50 A for 30 min?
    (0.641 g)

    19. Electrolysis of nickel(II) chloride solution produced 2.925 g of nickel per hour. What
    current was flowing?
    (2.68 A)

    20. A current of 1.26 A is passed through an electrolytic cell containing a dilute sulfuric acid
    solution for 7.44 hr. Write the half-cell reactions and calculate the volume of gases
    generated at STP.
    (anode, 1.95 L; cathode, 3.91 L)

    21. At constant current is passed through an electrolytic cell containing molten MgCl 2 for 18
    hr. if 4.8 x 105 g of Cl2 are obtained. Calculate the current in Amperes?
    (2.0 x 104 A)

    Standard Reduction Potentials at 25°C

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