COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING

MOULDE1: ETHERNET CABLING

Learning Objectives:
After reading this MODULE, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:
1. Configure Ethernet cables
 Straight through (T568B) configuration
 Straight through (T568A) configuration

ETHERNET CABLE CONFIGURATION

A good Ethernet cable configuration termination provides a proper

wire crimp. Also, important, is not unwinding the wires more than
necessary. The wire diagrams below are your guide to perform this task.
(Read information sheet 2.2-1 for more information about Ethernet cable
configuration).

Figure 1.1 Crossover configuration

 Figure 1.2 Straight-Through Configuration

Creating a straight-through Cable

What you'll need:

 Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) patch cable
 Modular connector (aka RJ45)
 Crimping tool
 Cable tester (optional, but recommended)
 Mini Cut Line Tools Wire Stripper Knife Crimper Plier

There are four pairs of wires in an Ethernet cable, and an Ethernet

connector (8P8C) has eight pin slots. Each pin is identified by a number,
starting from left to right, with the clip facing away from you.

RJ-45
The two standards for wiring Ethernet cables are T568A and T568B. T568B
is the most common and is what we'll be using for our straight Ethernet
cable. The pictures show the proper orientation of the colored wires to the
pins

Steps in creating a straight-through cable

1. Strip the UTP cable 1 to 2 inches using Wire Stripper

2. Un-twist and make the wire straight as possible

Untwist the wire pairs and neatly align them in the T568B orientation. Be
sure not to untwist them any farther down the cable than where the jacket
begins; we want to leave as much of the cable twisted as possible.
 3. Arrange/sort the wires based on the wiring arrangement shown 568B:

4. Cut the wires as straight as possible, about 0.5 inch above the
end of the jacket

Carefully insert the wires all the way into the modular connector, making sure
that each wire passes through the appropriate guides inside the connector.

5. Push the connector inside the crimping tool and squeeze the crimper
all the way down.
6. Repeat steps 1-5 for the other end of the cable.
7. To make sure you've successfully terminated each end of the cable,
use a cable tester to test each pin.

EVALUATION
I. Direction: Identify the order of color of a T568A cable wiring
standards from the options. Write the number on the space before
each item.
______ A. White-Orange

______ B. Orange

______ C. Brown

______ D. White-Blue

______ E. Blue

______ F. White-Green

______ G. White-Brown

______ H. Green

II. Direction: Identify the order of color of a T568B cable wiring

standards from the options. Write the number on the space before
each item.

______ A. White-Blue

______ B. Orange

______ C. Brown

______ D. White-Green

______ E. Green

______ F. White-Orange

______ G. Blue

______ H. White-Brown

MODULE 2: IPV4 ADDRESSING

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this MODULE, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:
  Discuss the information about IP addressing and its components.
 Differentiate between dynamic and static ip address.
 Configure correct ip address.

THE IP (INTERNET PROTOCOL)

It is the fundamental protocol for communications on the Internet. It

specifies the way information is packetized, addressed, transferred, routed,
and received by networked devices.

IP history

 Its development began in 1974, led by computer scientists Bob Kahn

and Vint.
Cerf. It is frequently used in conjunction with the Transmission
Control Protocol, or TCP. Together they are referred to as TCP/IP.
 The first major version of the Internet Protocol was version 4, or IPv4.
In 1981,
it was formally defined in RFC 791 by the Internet Engineering Task
Force, or IETF.
 The successor to IPv4 is IPv6, which was formalized by the IETF in
1998. It was designed to eventually replace IPv4. As of 2018, IPv6
governs approximately 20% of all Internet traffic.

An IP address is a number identifying of a computer or another device on

the internet. It is similar to a mailing address, which identifies where postal
mail comes from and where it should be delivered. IP addresses uniquely
identify the source and destination of data transmitted with the Internet
Protocol.

IP address classes

With an IPv4 IP address, there are five classes of available IP ranges: Class
A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E, while only A, B, and C are
commonly used. Each class allows for a range of valid IP addresses, shown
in the following table.
Ranges 127.x.x.x are reserved for the loopback or local host, for example,
127.0.0.1 is the loopback address. Range 255.255.255.255 broadcasts to all
hosts on the local network.

Static vs. dynamic IP addresses

IP addresses are assigned in two different ways. They may be dynamically

assigned (they can change automatically) or statically assigned (they're
intended not to change and must be changed manually). Most home
networks use dynamic allocation. Your router uses DHCP to temporarily
assign, or "lease," an IP address to your device. After a period of time, this
lease "expires," and the router renews your old address or assigns you a new
one, depending on the needs of the network and the configuration of the
router.

If you have ever tried to change the settings on your router, you may be
familiar with the address 192.168.1.1. Commonly, this is your router's
address, if you enter this address into the address bar of your web browser,
you can open your router's configuration interface. (Your router's address
may be different - check your manual.)

How data is sent to an IP address on another network?

The following diagram illustrates how your home computer might obtain an
IP address and send data to an IP address on another network.

Packet

The packet is a term first coined by Donald Davies in 1965 that is used to
describe a segment of data sent from one computer or device to another over
a network. You can think of it as a package filled with data being delivered
to another area. A packet is used because it divides data into easier-to-
manage "chunks," which move information more efficiently and keep
network resources from being tied up by a single, larger file.

What is in a packet?

A packet contains a source, destination, data, size, and other useful

information that helps packet make it to the appropriate location and get
reassembled properly. Below is a breakdown of a TCP packet.
Network packet basics

 Another name for a packet is a datagram.

 Data transferred over the Internet is sent as one or more packets. The
most common packet sent is the TCP packet.
 The size of a packet is limited, so most data sent over a network is
broken up into multiple packets before being sent out and then put
back together when received.
 When a packet is transmitted over a network, network routers and
switches examine the packet and its source to help direct it to the
correct location.
 During its transmission, network packets can be dropped. If a packet
is not received or an error occurs, it is sent again.

ASSIGNING IP ADDRESS

 When organizing your home network, it’s easier to assign each

computer its own IP address than using DHCP. Here we will take a
look at doing it Windows 7, Windows 8.x, and Windows 10.
 If you have a home network with several computes and devices, it’s a
good idea to assign each of them a specific address. If you use DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), each computer will request
and be assigned an address every time it’s booted up. When you have
to do troubleshooting on your network, it’s annoying going to each
machine to figure out what IP they have.
  Using Static IPs prevents address conflicts between devices and allows
you to manage them more easily. Assigning IPs to Windows is
essentially the same process, but getting to where you need to be
varies between each version.
 If you are using windows 7, windows 8.1, windows server or windows
10 do the following instructions

1. Type ncpa.cpl then click OK or press Enter.

Figure 1. Run command

2. Right-click on your local adapter and select Properties.

Figure 2. Network connection properties

1. In the Local Area Connection Properties window highlight Internet

Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) then click the Properties button.
 Figure 3. Network connection properties

2. Now select the radio button Use the following IP address and enter in the
correct IP, Subnet mask, and Default gateway that corresponds with your
network setup.Then enter your Preferred and Alternate DNS server
addresses. Here we’re on a home network and using a simple Class C
network configuration and default configuration based on my router’s
configuration setting. In this case connection is connected to a hotspot
named as “itsmejoyce” I used its default gateway address for default
gateway and dns address. I strongly recommend that if you have router
with an internet connection it is best practice to configure your DNS and
default gateway based on your routers address for you to enable internet
connection failure to do so, it may lead to WAN network disconnection.
Figure 4.1 it shows the default gateway address that must to use for DNS
and default gateway configuration.

To check your gateway address, open your command prompt then type
ipconfig.
 Figure 4-1. Checking default gateway address

Figure 4-2. TCP/IPv4 Properties

When you are finished, click OK.

5. Open the command prompt and type ipconfig to see if the network
adapter settings have been successfully changed.

Figure 5. Checking configured IP address configurations

Summary

This configuration is applicable in most of windows operating system. In this

lesson I used windows 10 version build 14393. In configuring static IP
address we need to remember some key points such as, gateway and DNS IP
address. We could not create different range of IP addresses that contrast to
current network configuration if we are going to connect our computer to an
existing WAN. However, we can skip DNS and default gateway if just wanted
to test the connectivity of two or more different nodes in a standalone LAN
connection and without having router, gateway or any ISP modem

DRILL AND PRACTICE

Title: IP Addressing

Performance Objective: Given are the following materials, you should be

able to assign IP addresses and test the connectivity. Allotted time 1hour.

Supplies/Materials: UPT cable and switch

Equipment connections: 2 Computer with enabled LAN

Prerequisites:
Fundamentals of networking, Ethernet cable configuration (T568B and
T568 A)
Steps/Procedure:
1. Connect your 2 computers directly to your switch
2. Turn on your computer
3. Right click Network Icon near the system clock
4. Choose Open Network and Sharing Center
5. In the left side, Click Change Adapter Settings
6. Right-click Local Area Connection then choose Properties
7. Select Internet protocol Version 4(TCP/IPv4) then click
Properties
8. Click the option: Use the following IP address:
9. Assign an IP address for each computer
Where:
Computer 1:
IP address = 192.168.0.10
Subnet Mask=255.255.255.0
Computer 2:
IP address = 192.168.0.11
Subnet Mask=255.255.255.0
Then click the Ok button.
10. Click Start then type cmd to display the command prompt.
11. Click to Open the command prompt then type ipconfig to check
the result in both computers.
12. Test node connectivity by pinging the computer’s IP address. Stay
on the command prompt and type the following

Example:
Computer 1
ping 192.168.0.11
Computer 2
ping 192.168.0.10
Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Observation
 Performance Criteria Checklist
Name of Student:_________________________________ Date: _______________
Direction: Rate the trainee against each of the following criteria. Put X (ekis)
on the appropriate box at the right side of each item to indicate how the
trainee performs the assigned task.

IPV4 ADDRESSING

CRITERIA YES NO

Did the Student

1. Connect to computer together?

2. Properly assigned IP addresses according to its job

requirements.?
3. Successfully connect and ping client?

4. Performed and followed completely the given

tasks?
Feedback

Total Points

Total Items

Signature of the Student/ Learner

Signature of the Student

Grade Point Equivalent

The table shows the equivalent points that are used and show how they are
calculated to determine the grade point average (GPA), or index.
The highest equivalent points that teacher can give is 5 points per criterion
and the lowest is 0. If the student/learner accumulate scores with below two
(2) grade point equivalent, she/he needs to retake the whole given task.
Grade Point Equivalent Explanation
5 Excellent
 4 Very Good
3 Good
2 Average
1 Poor
0 Failure

EVALUATION

I. TRUE OR FALSE:
Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is false. Write it
on the space provided. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
1. A packet contains a source, destination, data, size, and other useful
information that helps packet make it to the appropriate location and
get reassembled properly.
2. Data transferred over the Internet is sent as single packet.
3. Assigning IP address through lease or temporarily is called DHCP.
4. Class A IPv4 IP address could support up to 254 hosts on each 2
million networks.
5. An IP address is a number identifying of a computer or another device
on the Internet.

II. IDENTIFICATION: Given the following statements, identify the word/s

that described in the situations. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
1. It specifies the way information is packetized, addressed, transferred,
routed, and received by networked devices.
2. Class of IP address that is reserved for multicast groups.
3. What is the other name for a packet?
4. A command that will test node connectivity.
5. Manually assigning an IP address to a host computer is called ______.

III. Write letter of the correct answer. Write it on the space provided.

1. The router is assigning temporary IP address to your device?

a. Client IP b. static c. DHCP d. common
2. It is used to describe a segment of data sent from one computer or
device to another over a network?
a. packet b. router c. file d. information
3. What happen if a packet is not received or error occurs?
a. send b. it is sent again c. transmit d. received
4. Manually assigning an IP address to a host computer is called
a. Static b. Dynamic c. DHCP d. Client IP
5. A command that used to test connectivity between two host in a
network?
 a. command prompt b. ping c. testing d. addressing
6. If you have several computers and devices in your home network,
what way of assigning IP address is recommended?
a. Static b. DHCP c. client IP d. Manual address
7. Another name for datagram.
a. Wallet b. Static c. packet d. dhcp
8. What class of IP addresses that supports 65, 000 hosts on each
16,000 networks?
a. Class A b. class B c. class C d. Class E
9. This IP addresses is reserved for future use, or research and
development purposes.
a. Class A b. class B c. class D d. class E
10. A number used in identifying a computer on the internet.
a. IP address b. Subnet mask c. TCP d. Client

IV. Write T if the statement is true and write F if the statement is false.
Write it on the space provided

1. Packet is a number identifying of a computer or another device on the

Internet
2. DHCP is manually assigned to a host computer.
3. Class C IP address is reserved for multicast groups.
4. Internet protocol (IP) is the fundamental protocol for communications
on the internet.
5. IPv4 was the first version of the Internet Protocol.
 MODULE3: Configuring Client device and setting-up router Local Area
Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN) port

Learning Objectives
After reading this MODULE, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:
1. Properly configure router device

The Front Panel

Figure 1-1. Front Panel sketch

The Router’s LED Indicator are located on the front panel (View from left to
right).
Name Status Indication
Off Power is off.
(Power) On Power is on.
Flashing The Router is working properly.
(System) On/Off The Router has a system error.
Off The Router isn’t connected to any wireless device.
The Router is connected to some wireless
On
(WLAN) device(s).
Data is being transferred between the Router and
Flashing the wireless device(s) connected to it.
 There is no device linked to the corresponding
(WAN), port.
Off
(LAN 1-4) There is a device linked to the corresponding port
but there is no activity.
On
There is an active device linked to the
Flashing corresponding port.
A wireless device is connecting to the network by
Slow
(WPS) WPS function. This process will last in the first 2
Flash minutes.
A wireless device has been successfully added to
the network by WPS function.
On
A wireless device failed to be added to the network
Quick by WPS function.
Flash
Note:
After a device is successfully added to the network by WPS function, the
WPS LED will keep on for about 5 minutes and then turn off.

The Rear Panel

Figure 1-2. Rear Panel sketch

The following parts are located on the rear panel (View from left to right).

WIFI: This button is used to enable/disable the Router’s wireless function.

WPS/RESET: This button is used for both WPS and Reset function. To use
the WPS function, press it for less than five seconds; to use the RESET
function, press it for more than five seconds.
 Used as RESET button:
There are two ways to reset to the Router's factory defaults:
1) Use the Factory Defaults function on System Tools -> Factory
Defaults page in the Router's Web-based Utility.
2) Use the WPS/RESET button: With the Router powered on, press and
hold the WPS/RESET button (more than 5 seconds) until the SYS LED
becomes quick-flash from slow-flash. Then release the button and wait
the Router to reboot to its factory default settings.

 Used as WPS button:

If you have client devices, such as wireless adapters, that support Wi-Fi
Protected Setup, then you can press this button to quickly establish a
connection between the Router and client devices and automatically
configure wireless security for your wireless network.
INTERNET: This INTERNET port is where you will connect the DSL/cable
Modem.
4,3,2,1 (LAN): These ports (4,3,2,1) connect the Router to the local PC(s).
ON/OFF: The switch for the power.
POWER: The Power socket is where you will connect the power adapter.
Please use the power adapter provided with this TL-WR840N 300Mbps
Wireless N Router.

CONNECTING THE ROUTER

2.1 System Requirements

 Broadband Internet Access Service (DSL/Cable/Ethernet)
 One DSL/Cable Modem that has an RJ45 connector (which is not
necessary if the Router is connected directly to the Ethernet.)
 PCs with a working Ethernet Adapter and an Ethernet cable with RJ45
connectors
 TCP/IP protocol on each PC
 Web browser, such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox or
Apple Safari

2.2 Installation Environment Requirements

1. Place the Router in a well-ventilated place far from any heater or
heating vent
2. Avoid direct irradiation of any strong light (such as sunlight)
3. Keep at least 2 inches (5 cm) of clear space around the Router
4. Operating Temperature: 0℃~40℃ (32℉~104℉)
5. Operating Humidity: 10%~90%RH, Non-condensing

2.3 Connecting the Router

Before installing the Router, make sure your PC is connected to the Internet
through the broadband service successfully. If there is any problem, please
contact your ISP. After that, please install the Router according to the
following steps. Don't forget to pull out the power plug and keep your hands
dry.
1. Power off your PC, Cable/DSL Modem, and the Router.
2. Locate an optimum location for the Router. The best place is usually
at the center of your wireless network.
3. Connect the PC(s) and each Switch/Hub in your LAN to the LAN Ports
on the Router, shown in Figure 2-1. (If you have the wireless NIC and
want to use the wireless function, you can skip this step.)
4. Connect the DSL/Cable Modem to the WAN port on the Router, shown
in Figure 2-1.
5. Connect the power adapter to the power socket on the Router, and the
other end into an electrical outlet. The Router will start to work
automatically.
6. Power on your PC and Cable/DSL Modem.
 Figure 2-1. Hardware Installation

Figure 2-2. Wall-mount Install

TCP/IP CONFIGURATION
The default domain name of the TL-WR840N 300Mbps Wireless N Router is
http://tplinklogin.net, the default IP address is 192.168.0.1, and the default
Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0. These values can be changed as you desire.
In this guide, we use all the default values for description.

Connect the local PC to the LAN ports of the Router. And then you can
configure the IP address for your PC in the following two ways.
 Configure the IP address manually
 1) Set up the TCP/IP Protocol for your PC. If you need instructions as to
how to do this, please refer to Appendix A: "Configuring the PC".
2) Configure the network parameters. The IP address is 192.168.0.xxx
("xxx" is any number from 2 to 254), Subnet Mask is 255.255.255.0,
and Gateway is 192.168.0.1 (The Router's default IP address)
 Obtain an IP address automatically
1) Set up the TCP/IP Protocol in "Obtain an IP address automatically"
mode on your PC. If you need instructions as to how to do this,
please refer to Appendix A: "Configuring the PC”.
2) Then the built-in DHCP server will assign IP address for the PC.
Now, you can run the Ping command in the command prompt to verify the
network connection between your PC and the Router. The following example
is in Windows 10 (Version 1809).

Open a command prompt, and type ping 192.168.0.1, and then press Enter.
 If the result displayed is similar to the Figure 3-1, it means the
connection between your PC and the Router has been
established well.

Figure 3-1. Success result of Ping command

 If the result displayed is similar to the Figure 3-2, it means the

connection between your PC and the Router is failed.
 Figure 3-2. Failure result of Ping command

Please check the connection following these steps:

1. Is the connection between your PC and the Router correct?
Note:
The 1/2/3/4 LEDs of LAN ports which you link to on the Router and
LEDs on your PC's adapter should be lit.

2. Is the TCP/IP configuration for your PC correct?

Note:
If the Router's IP address is 192.168.0.1, your PC's IP address must
be within the range of 192.168.0.2 ~ 192.168.0.254.

3. Is the default LAN IP of the Router correct?

4. Accessing Web-based utility

With a Web-based utility, it is easy to configure and manage the TL-WR840N
300Mbps Wireless N Router. The Web-based utility can be used on any
Windows, Macintosh or UNIX OS with a Web browser, such as Microsoft
Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome.

1. To access the configuration utility, open a web-browser and type in the

default gateway address in the address field of the browser.
 Figure 3-3.Default Gateway

Figure 3-4. Login in the router

After a moment, a login window will appear, like the Figure 3-5. Enter admin
for the User Name and Password, both in lower case letters. Then click the
OK button or press the Enter key.

Figure 3-5. Router login window

After successful log in, you can click the Quick Setup menu to quickly
configure your Router.
 Figure 3-6. Router window WAN quick set-up

Click next, and then WAN Connection Type page will appear, shown in
Figure 3- 6.

Figure 3-7. Router window WAN Connection type

The Router provides Auto-Detect function and supports three popular ways
PPPoE, Dynamic IP and Static IP to connect to the Internet. It’s
recommended that you make use of the Auto-Detect function. If you are
sure of what kind of connection type your ISP provides, you can select the
very type and click Next to go on configuring.

If you select Auto-Detect, the Router will automatically detect the connection
type your ISP provides. Make sure the cable is securely plugged into the
WAN port before detection. The appropriate configuration page will be
displayed when an active Internet service is successfully detected by the
Router.

Click Next to continue, the Wireless settings page will appear as shown in
Figure 3-8.
 Figure 3-8. Wireless settings

Wireless Radio - The wireless radio can only be enabled/disabled by using

the WIFI ON/OFF switch on the device.
Wireless Network Name or SSID - Enter a value of up to 32 characters. The
same name of SSID (Service Set Identification) must be assigned to all
wireless devices in your network. Considering your wireless network
security, the default SSID is set to be TP-LINK_XXXXXX (XXXXXX indicates
the last unique six numbers of each Router’s MAC address). This value is
case-sensitive. For example, TEST is NOT the same as test.
Region – Select your region from the drop-down list. This field specifies the
region where the wireless function of the Router can be used. It may be
illegal to use the wireless function of the Router in a region other than one of
those specified in this field. If your country or region is not listed, please
contact your local government agency for assistance or just leave it as
default
Mode- This field determines the wireless mode which the Router works on. ¬
Channel Width - Select any channel width from the drop-down list. The
default setting is automatic, which can adjust the channel width for your
clients automatically. ¬ Channel - This field determines which operating
frequency will be used. The default channel is set to Auto, so the AP will
choose the best channel automatically. It is not necessary to change the
wireless channel unless you notice interference problems with another
nearby access point. ¬ Disable
Security - The wireless security function can be enabled or disabled. If
disabled, the wireless stations will be able to connect the Router without
encryption. It is recommended strongly that you choose one of following
options to enable security. ¬ WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK - Select WPA based on
pre-shared passphrase.
PSK Password - You can enter ASCII or Hexadecimal characters. For ASCII,
the key can be made up of any numbers 0 to 9 and any letters A to Z, the
length should be between 8 and 63 characters. For Hexadecimal, the key
can be made up of any numbers 0 to 9 and letters A to F, the length should
be between 8 and 64 characters. Please also note the key is case sensitive;
this means that upper- and lower-case keys will affect the outcome. It would
also be a good idea to write down the key and all related wireless security
settings.
No Change - If you chose this option, wireless security configuration will not
change!
Then you will see the Finish page. If you don’t make any change on the
Wireless page, you will see the Finish page as shown in Figure 3-9. Click the
Finish button to finish the Quick Setup.

Figure 3-9. Quick set-up window

If there is anything changed on the Wireless page, you will see the Finish
page as shown in Figure 3-10. Click the Reboot button to make your
wireless configuration take effect and finish the Quick Setup.

Figure 3-10. Quick set-up window saving setting option

Appendix A: Configuring the PC
In this section, we’ll introduce how to install and configure the TCP/IP
correctly in Windows 10 (Version 1809). First make sure your Ethernet
Adapter is working, refer to the adapter’s manual if necessary.
Configure TCP/IP component:
1. Press Windows logo on your keyboard + R
2. then type ncpa.cpl

3. Right click the icon that showed below, select Properties on the prompt
page as shown in the image below.

4. In the prompt page that showed below, double click on the Internet
Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4).
 5. The following TCP/IP Properties window will display, and the IP Address
tab is open on this window by default.

Now, you have two ways to configure the TCP/IP protocol below:
A. Setting IP address automatically
Select Obtain an IP address automatically, Choose Obtain DNS
server automatically, as shown in the Figure below:

B. Setting IP address manually

1. Select Use the following IP address radio button. And the
following items available
2. If the Router's LAN IP address is 192.168.0.1, specify the
IP address as 192.168.0.x (x is from 2 to 254), and the
Subnet mask as 255.255.255.0.
3. Type the Router’s LAN IP address (the default IP is 192.168.0.1)
into the Default gateway field.
Default gateway as 192.168.0.1
4. Select Use the following DNS server addresses. In the Preferred
DNS Server field, you can enter the same value as the Default
gateway or type the local DNS server IP address.

5. Now click OK to save your setting.

 SELF-CHECK
I. TRUE OR FALSE:
Tell whether the given statement about setting-up a router is true or false.
Write (T) if the statement is TRUE and (F) if the statement is False. Write
your answer to a separate sheet.
_______________ 1. The router status is flashing when the data is being
transferred between the Router and the wireless
device(s) connected to it.
_______________ 2. The LAN port is where you will connect the power
adapter.
_______________ 3. Avoid direct irradiation of any strong light (such as
sunlight)
_______________ 4. Keep at least an inches of clear space around the Router
_______________ 5. In connecting the router, power off your PC, Cable/DSL
Modem, and the Router.
_______________ 6. Select obtain IP address automatically when the IP
address is to be configured manually.
_______________ 7. Router can only be connected to a laptop through wired.

II. IDENTIFICATION: Given the following statements, identify the word/s

that being described in the situations.
1. The Router has a system error when the status is _________.
2. This port is where you will connect the DSL/cable Modem.
3. This is where you will connect the power adapter.
4. What is the other term for Wireless Network Name?
5. This field determines which operating frequency will be used.
6. Commonly use Version of Internet Protocol.
7. How many LAN port does a router have?
8. This button is used to enable/disable the Router’s wireless
function.
9. This router button is press for more 5 seconds when the
administrator wants to go back to factory default settings.
10. A cable used to connect PC to a router.
 TASK SHEET
Title: Setting-up Router

Performance Objective:
Given are the following materials, you should be able to set router SSID
and Wireless password. Allotted time 30 minutes.

Supplies/Materials: Router, Ethernet cable

Equipment: Computers with connected LAN network
Steps/Procedure:
1. Change the Wireless network name (SSID)
Where:
SSID = the word “Router” + your given name
Routerjake
2. Change the router’s wireless password
Where:
Password = admin@12345
3. Check configuration using laptop
Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Observation
 Performance Criteria Checklist
Name of Student:_________________________________ Date: _______________
Direction: Rate the trainee against each of the following criteria. Put X
(ekis) on the appropriate box at the right side of each item to indicate how
the trainee performs the assigned task.

Setting-up Router

CRITERIA YES NO

Did the Student’s

1. Properly changed the router’s SSID?

2. Correctly changed the router’s wireless password?

3. Successfully configured the specific details according

to task’s requirements?

4. Applied and Performed occupational health safety

procedures

5. Performed and followed completely the given tasks?

Feedback

Total Points

Total Items

Signature of the Student/ Learner

Signature of the Student

Grade Point Equivalent
The table shows the equivalent points that are used and show how they are
calculated to determine the grade point average (GPA), or index.
The highest equivalent points that teacher can give is 5 points per criterion
and the lowest is 0. If the student/learner accumulate scores with below two
(2) grade point equivalent, she/he needs to retake the whole given task.
Grade Point Equivalent Explanation
5 Excellent
4 Very Good
3 Good
2 Average
1 Poor
0 Failure
 MODULE 4: Configuration of wireless access point
Security/Firewall/Advance settings
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
After reading this MODULE, STUDENT(S) MUST be able to:
1. Properly configure wireless access point (WAP) device
Wireless access point
It refers to as a base station and wireless router, an access point is a
wireless receiver which enables a user to connect wirelessly to a
network or the Internet.
Connecting device for configuration
1. Connect to the access point with the Ethernet cable or via wireless.
The default wireless network name (SSID) of the access point is TP-
LINK_AP_XXXX. The default password is on the label at the bottom of
the access point. You can check the label at the bottom for more
details.
2. Plug the provided power adapter into the power jack on the back of
the access point, and other end to a standard electrical wall socket.
Then press the on/off button to power the device
3. Turn on all of your network devices and then check to see if the
LEDs on the access point display normally as the diagram below
describes

CONFIGURING DEVICE
1. Logging in
a. Open your web browser, type in http://tplinkap.net or
http://192.168.0.254 in the address bar and press Enter

b. A dialog box will prompt for the Username and password. Enter the
default values and click Login.
c. After successful logging in, the quick setup page will display, then
click Next

d. Then you will see the start page shown as below, then click Next

e. The operation mode page will appear then. The TL-WA801ND

supports up to five operation modes.

What should I use?

  Access point - In this mode, this device can be connected to a
wired network and transform the wired access into wireless that
multiple devices can share together, especially for a home, office
or hotel where only wired network is available.

How to configure access point operation mode

1. Create and easy-to-remember name for your wireless network here.

2. Select Channel for your device.
3. Select most Secure (WPA/WPA2-PSK) mode and enter a wireless
password to prevent unauthorized access to your access point.

The network setting page will appear then. It is recommended that you keep
the default setting on this page.

After Network Settings, the page for completion will appear.

4. Check your setting and click save to save your setting for future
reference.
5. Click Finish.
 Repeater - In this mode, this device can copy and reinforce the
existing wireless signal to extend the coverage of the signal,
especially for a large space to eliminate signal-blind corners.
 In this mode, the device can extend the coverage of another
wireless access point or router. The universal repeater mode is
the access point or router which does not support WDS
function.

How to configure repeater operation mode

1. In the Operation Mode section select “Repeater (Range extender)-
Extend your existing wireless coverage by relaying wireless signal” then click
Next.

2. Select the repeater mode, for example Universal Repeater, then click
Survey.

3. Click your desired access point to connect.

Note: The information of APs which you could connect to are shown on this
page. Use as follow:
 First, find the line where the network you want to connect lay on.
 Then, click the hyperlink "Connect" at the end of that line.
 Now, the target network's SSID is filled in the correct place on the
WLAN configure page automatically.
Note: Click the Refresh button to update the AP list. Click the Back button
to return WLAN configure page.
4. Type the wireless password then click next.

Note: All security settings, for example the wireless password should
match the Root AP.
5. Click Next.
You can configure the IP parameters of LAN on this page.
Type - Choosing Smart IP to get IP address from remoter DHCP server,
or choosing Static IP to config IP address manually.
IP Address - Enter the IP address of your system in dotted-decimal
notation (factory default: 192.168.0.254).
Subnet Mask - An address code that determines the size of the
network. Normally 255.255.255.0 is used as the subnet mask.
DHCP Server - Enable or Disable the server. If you chose Smart IP type,
the selection will be disabled. If you disable the Server, you must have
another DHCP server within your network or else you must configure
the IP address of the computer manually.

Note: If you change the IP address, you must use the new IP address to
login the system.

Note: If you are not familiar with the setting items in this page, it's
strongly recommended to keep the provided default values, otherwise
may result in low wireless network performance.

6. Save changes and click finish.

  Bridge with AP - In this mode, this device can be used to
combine multiple local networks in distant hard-to-wire distant
together to the same one via wireless connections. While bridging
with other APs, this device can also act as an access point at the
same time to create a local wireless network for all Wi-Fi devices.

1. Select “Bridge with AP ” operation mode then click Next.

2. Click Survey
3. Click your desired access point to connect

Note: The information of APs which you could connect to are shown on
this page. Use as follow:
 First, find the line where the network you want to connect lay on.
 Then, click the hyperlink "Connect" at the end of that line.
 Now, the target network's SSID is filled in the correct place on the
WLAN configure page automatically.
Note: Click the Refresh button to update the AP list. Click the Back
button to return WLAN configure page.
 4. The security mode will be selected automatically, and you may
confirm it and enter the password that is the same as on the remote AP.
Create name for the local wireless network then click next.

5. The network setting page will appear then. It is recommended that you
keep the default settings on this page then click next.

6. Save changes then click finish.

  Client - In this mode, this device can be connected to another device
via Ethernet port and act as an adaptor to grant your wired devices
access to a wireless network, especially for a Smart TV, Media Player,
or game console only with an Ethernet port.

1. In the operation mode select “Client – Acting as Wireless Adapter to

connect your wireless devices (e.g. XBOX/PS3) to wireless network”

2. Click Survey.
The window displaying a list of available SSIDs will appear.

3. Find the SSID of the access point/router and click Connect in the
corresponding row

Note: The information of APs which you could connect to are shown on this
page. Use as follow:
 First, find the line where the network you want to connect lay on.
 Then, click the hyperlink "Connect" at the end of that line
 Now, the target network's SSID is filled in the correct place on the
WLAN configure page automatically.
Note: Click the Refresh button to update the AP list. Click the Back button to
return WLAN configure page.
4. Select the security mode and enter the password that is the same as on
the root AP then click next.
5. The network setting page will appear then. It is recommended that you
keep the default settings on this page then click next.
6. Save changes then click finish.

 Multi-SSID - In this mode, this device can create up to 4 wireless

networks labeled with different SSIDs and assign each SSID with
different security or VLAN, especially for the situation when the various
access policies and functions are required.

3. TROUBLESHOOTING
How do I restore my Access point’s configuration to its factory default
settings? With the access point powered on, use a pin to press and hold the
reset button on the rear panel for 5 to 8 seconds before releasing it.

Once the access point is reset, the current configuration settings will be lost
and you will need to reconfigure the access point.

Setting-up access point using Power over Ethernet (PoE)

1. Turn off all your network devices, including you computer(s), power
injector with an Ethernet Cable.
2. Connect your computer to the LAN port on the power injector with an
Ethernet Cable.
3. Connect your AP to the PoE port on the power with an Ethernet Cable.
4. Plug the provided power adapter into the DC jack on the power injector,
and the other end to a standard electrical wall socket.

Note:
1. Passive PoE injector supports a maximum cable length up to 30 meters
due to environment.
2. For longer powered cable up to 100 meters, you can use 48V PoE
adapters.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Power over Ethernet (PoE) - Power over Ethernet (POE) is a technology that
lets network cables carry electrical power.
Ethernet Cable - An Ethernet cable is a typical type of network cable used
for high-speed connections between two devices such as computer and
router on IP networks.
SSID - An SSID (service set identifier) is the primary name associated with
an 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) including home networks and
public hotspots.
Wireless Access point - An access point is a device that creates a wireless
local area network, or WLAN, usually in an office or large building.
Repeater - also known as Network Range Extender, a device used to
strength and to extend a signal of existing wireless network.
DHCP server - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, DHCP is a protocol
used to assign an IP address to a computer or device that has been
connected to a network automatically.
Subnet Mask - subnetwork mask, a subnet mask is data used for bitwise
operations on a network of IP addresses that has been divided into two or
more groups. This process, known as subnetting, divides an IP network into
blocks of logical addresses. Subnetting can improve security and help to
balance overall network traffic.
IP Address – is a unique address of a node (e.g. desktop, laptop and
smartphone) in a network.
 SELF-CHECK
IDENTIFICATION: Given the following statements, identify the word/s that
being described in the situations.
1. In this operation mode, the existing wireless coverage by relaying
wireless signal.
2. In this mode, the device can copy and reinforce the existing wireless
signal to extend the coverage of the signal, especially for a large space to
eliminate signal-blind corners.
3. This mode will let the device can be connected to a wired network and
transform the wired access into wireless that multiple devices can share
together, especially for a home, office or hotel where only wired network is
available.
4. In this mode, this device can be used to combine multiple local
networks in distant hard-to-wire distant together to the same one via
wireless connections. While bridging with other APs, this device can also act
as an access point at the same time to create a local wireless network for all
Wi-Fi devices.
5. This wireless point mode will let this device be connected to another
device via Ethernet port and act as an adaptor to grant your wired devices
access to a wireless network, especially for a Smart TV, Media Player, or
game console only with an Ethernet port.
6. In this mode, this device can create up to 4 wireless networks labeled
with different SSIDs and assign each SSID with different security or VLAN,
especially for the situation when the various access policies and functions
are required.
7. How many seconds does it require to reset a wireless access point?
8. Due to environment, what is the maximum cable length does a
passive PoE injector supports?
9. Is a unique address of a node (e.g. desktop, laptop and smartphone) in
a network.
10. An access point is a device that creates a wireless local area network,
or WLAN, usually in an office or large building.
11. An Ethernet cable is a typical type of network cable used for high-
speed connections between two devices such as computer and router on IP
networks.
12. What do you call a technology that lets network cables carry electrical
power?
13. A protocol used to assign an IP address to a computer or device that
has been connected to a network automatically.
14. It is the primary name associated with an 802.11wireless local area
network (WLAN) including home networks and public hotspots.
15. To achieved a longer powered cable of up to 100 meters, what PoE
adapter is needed?

TASK SHEET

Title: Setting-up Wireless Access Point

Performance Objective:
Given are the following materials, you should be able to configure
wireless access point. Allotted time 30 minutes.

Supplies/Materials: wireless access point, Ethernet cable

Equipment: Computers
Steps/Procedure:
1. Change the Wireless network name (SSID)
Where:
SSID = the word “Wap” + your given name (eg. Wap_jake)
2. Change the router’s wireless password
Where:
Password = admin@12345
3. Connect configuration using laptop
Assessment Method:
Demonstration, Observation
 Performance Criteria Checklist

Name of Student:___________________________________ Date: _______________

Direction: Rate the trainee against each of the following criteria. Put X
(ekis) on the appropriate box at the right side of each item to indicate how
the trainee performs the assigned task.

Configuration of wireless access point Security/Firewall/Advance

settings

CRITERIA YES NO

Did the Student

5. Properly changed the wireless access point’s SSID?

6. Correctly changed the WAP’s password?

7. Successfully configured WAP’s the specific details

according to task’s requirements?

8. Applied and performed occupational health safety

procedures
9. Performed and followed completely the given
tasks?
Feedback

Total Points

Total Items

Signature of the Student/ Learner

Signature of the Student

Grade Point Equivalent
The table shows the equivalent points that are used and show how they are
calculated to determine the grade point average (GPA), or index.
The highest equivalent points that teacher can give is 5 points per criterion
and the lowest is 0. If the student/learner accumulate scores with below two
(2) grade point equivalent, she/he needs to retake the whole given task.
Grade Point Equivalent Explanation
5 Excellent
4 Very Good
3 Good
2 Average
1 Poor
0 Failure
References:

1.https://www.instructables.com/id/Disassemble-a-Computer/
2.https://www.techwalla.com/articles/what-are-the-major-components-of-
a-computer
3.http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2086239&seqNum=7
4.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software