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1.1 Gambar Rangkaian Percobaan Dan Langkah Percobaan: Beban V (V) I (A) P (W) Q (Var) S (VA) Cos T S T S T S T S T S

The document describes an experiment on power measurements in circuits with resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. It includes circuit diagrams, procedures, equations, calculations and simulation results. The key findings are: 1) Active power P represents the power absorbed by the load, while reactive power Q and apparent power S are affected by inductive and capacitive components. 2) For a purely resistive load, P equals S and the power factor is 1. 3) Triangular diagrams can be drawn to represent the relationship between P, Q and S for each load type.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
94 views10 pages

1.1 Gambar Rangkaian Percobaan Dan Langkah Percobaan: Beban V (V) I (A) P (W) Q (Var) S (VA) Cos T S T S T S T S T S

The document describes an experiment on power measurements in circuits with resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. It includes circuit diagrams, procedures, equations, calculations and simulation results. The key findings are: 1) Active power P represents the power absorbed by the load, while reactive power Q and apparent power S are affected by inductive and capacitive components. 2) For a purely resistive load, P equals S and the power factor is 1. 3) Triangular diagrams can be drawn to represent the relationship between P, Q and S for each load type.

Uploaded by

mas mad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

1 Gambar Rangkaian Percobaan dan Langkah Percobaan

Gambar 2.1 Rangkaian Percobaan Segitiga Daya


Langkah percobaan:
1. buat konsep perhitungan untuk percobaan daya nyata, daya semu dan daya reaktif untuk
beban lampu pijar (R), lampu pijar-induktor (R//L) dan lampu pijar-kapasitor (R//C)
sesuai dengan Tabel 2 .1.
2. rangkai komponen di Multisim seperti Gambar 2 .1 kemudian jalankan simulasinya;
3. isi data sesuai yang permintaan di Tabel 2 .1.

JAWABAN

TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Tabel Data Percobaan
I (A) P (W) Q (VAR) S (VA) Cos 
VS
Beban
(V)
T S T S T S T S T S

22 1.613.00 1.163.00 1.163.00


R 7.333 7.333 0 - - 1 1
0 0 0 0

22 1.163.00 1.163.00
R//L 28,95 28,86 6162,464 - 6370,93 - 0.25 0.25
0 0 0

22 103,9 104,26 1.163.00 1.163.00 0,070 0,070


R//C 22808,67 - 22873,34 -
0 6 5 0 0 5 5

R//L// 22 1.163.00 1.163.00


C 75,91 76,437 1613.33 - 16701,17 - 0,096 0,095
0 0 0
Keterangan: 1. S = nilai hasil simulasi, T = nilai hasil perhitungan/teori
Simulasi dan perhitungan
1. Beban R

Simulasi
Perhitungan :

V = 220 V0
R1 = 30 Ω
V 220 ∠ 0
I= = =7.333 A
R 30 ∠ 0

P = I2× R = (7.333)2 × 30 = 1.613 kW


Q = 0 VAR
S = 1.613 kVA
P 1.613 kW
cos  = = =1
S 1.613 kVA

2. BEBAN R//L

Simulasi
Perhitungan
V = 220 V0
F = 50 Hz
R1 = 30 Ω
L = 25 mH

XL = 2 × π × F × L=2× π × 50× 0,025 H =7,854 Ω


Zr × Xl 30∠ 0× 7,854 ∠ 90 235.62 ∠90
Zt = = = =7.597 Ω∠ 1.785
Zr+ Xl 30+ j 7,854 31.011 ∠0.25
V 220 ∠0
It = = =28.95 A ∠−1.78
Zt 7.597 ∠1.785
v 220
IXL = = =28.01 A
Zxl 7,854

V 220
IR = = =7.333 A
R 30

V 2 2202
P = = =1613.33 W
R 30

V2 220
Q = = =6162,464 VAR
XL 7,854

V 2 2202
S = = =6370,93 VA
Zt 7,597
P 1613,33
Cos phi = = =0.25
S 6370,93
3. Beban R//C
Simulasi
Perhitungan
V = 220 V0
F = 50 Hz
R1 = 30 Ω
C = 1,5 mF
Jawaban
1 1
XC = = =2.122 Ω
2× π × F ×C 2 × π ×50 ×0,0015
Zr × Xc 30∠0 × 2,122∠−90
Z = = =2,116 Ω∠−2,106
Zr+ Xc 30+ j 2,122
V 220
I = = =¿103,96 A
Z 2,116

V 2 2202
P =P = = =1613.33 W
R 30

V 2 220 2
Q = = =22808,67 VAR
Xc 2,122

V 2 220 2
S = = =22873,34 VA
Zt 2,116
P 1613,33
Cos phi = = =0.0705
S 22873,34
4. Beban R//L//C

Simulasi
Perhitungan
V = 220 V0
F = 50 Hz
R1 = 30 Ω
C = 1,5 mF
Jawaban

1 1
XC = = =2.122 Ω
2× π × F ×C 2 × π ×50 ×0,0015
XL = 2 × π × F × L=2× π × 50× 0,025 H =7,854 Ω
1 1 1 1 1 1
Y = + + = + +
R ∠ 0 XL∠ 90 XC ∠−90 30 ∠0 7,854 ∠ 90 2,122∠−90
1 1 1
= ∠ 0+ ∠−90+ ∠ 90
30 7,854 2,122

= (0,03 S +j0) + (0-j0,127)+(0+j0,471)


=0,03 S+j0,344 S
1 1
Zt = = =2,898 ∠−1,48
0,03 S+ j 0,344 S 0,345∠ 1,48
V 220
I = = =¿75,91 A
Z 2,898

V 2 2202
P =P = = =1613.33 W
R 30

V2 2202
Q = = =8443,82 VAR
Xl−Xc 7,854−2,122

V 2 2202
S = = =16701,17 VA
Zt 2,898
P 1613,33
Cos phi = = =0,096
S 16701,17
1.2 Analisis
Berilah analisis dari hasil percobaan di atas!
Daya pada Q di pengaruhi oleh besara XL dan XC dimana XL dan XC saling mengurangi
Dan daya yg dapat diukur adalah daya pada P atau daya aktif.
1.3 Kesimpulan
Berilah kesimpulan dari hasil percobaan di atas (isi kesimpulan selaraskan dengan
tujuan percobaan)!
Pada percobaan di mengukur daya pada rangkaian terdapat 3 daya yang penting yang
saling berkaitan yaitu daya aktif P, reaktif Q dan daya semu S, dari ketiga daya tersebut dapat
ditemukan pula sebuah cospi atau sudut antara 3 daya yg diatas. Dan dri ke 4 elemen dapat di
digambar menggunakan vector
1.4 Tugas dan Pertanyaan
Jawablah pertanyaan di bawah ini dengan benar!
1. Dari hasil percobaan, jelaskan mengapa nilai P tidak sama dengan S ketika ada beban
L&C?
Jawab:
Dikarenakan P merupakan daya yang terserap dan digunakan pada beban sehingga S dan Q
tidak sama dengan P

2. Jelaskan mengapa pada beban R nilai cos phi = 1?


Jawab:
Sesuia dengan rumus, cosphi = P/S, jika beban tersebut merupakan R murni maka hasil P dan
S bisa sama dan jika di bagi maka akan menghasil kan cosphi 1

3. Gambarkan segitiga daya pada masing-masing beban (R//L, R//C, R//L//C)!


Jawab:
R=

S=1,613kW
Q=0
P= 1,613kW

R//L = S = 6162,464

Q= 6370,93 VAR

P = 1,613kW

R//C
P = 1,613kW

S = 22873,34
Q= 22808,67 VAR

R//L//C
S = 22873,34

Q= V2/(Xl-Xc)= (220)2/7,854-2,112

= 8443,82 VAR
P = 1,613kW
4. Jelaskan apa yang terjadi pada nilai arus jika ada pertambahan beban L&C!
Jawab:
Arus akan naik dengan ditambahnya beban L dan C pada rangkaian

5. Suatu sumber tegangan 220 Vac terhubung dengan beban pemanas 6,4 kW, 12x60 W
lampu pijar dan motor listrik 5 HP,  = 82%, PF = 0,72, hitunglah:a. total daya nyata,
daya reaktif dan daya semu; b. arus total IT.!
Jawab:

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