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Module 3
EE105- Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades
Vol.1: Chemistry & Biology

Prepared by: Mrs. Joyce Estrella C. Punay

D-S–P–A-C DESIGN

Module 3: Chemistry (Matter)

Changes that Materials Undergo

Contents: - Changes that Materials Undergo (Grade 3)

- Changes that Materials Undergo: Useful and Harmful (Grade 4)
- Changes that Materials Undergo Due to Oxygen and Heat (Grade5)
- Separating Mixture (Grade 6)

Name: ___________________________________ Grade: ______________

Date Started: _______________________ Date Submitted: _____________
 Good afternoon, Class!

Welcome once again in our future elementary science teachers!

Congratulations to those who have read & understand thoroughly the
given second module specially those who had score 11 and above.
Now, you have to continue learning about matter- Changes that Materials
Undergo in a spiral order. You have to understand how it is shown, explained, and
elaborate in each lesson for our exam will be taken in those parts of the lessons.

❖ Learning Outcomes: This week, we are going to:

-describe changes in materials due to the effect of temperature such as solid to liquid;
liquid to solid; liquid to gas; and solid to gas. (Grade 3)
-Describe changes in solid materials when bent, pressed, hammered, or cut
-Identify changes in materials whether useful or harmful to one’s environment (Grade 4)
-Investigate and describe the changes that happen in materials under the following
conditions: -1. presence of oxygen and 2. application of heat and (Grade 5)
-Use appropriate materials to separate components of mixtures. (Grade 6)

D- DEVOTIONAL

But let’s have to start our class with God by pondering his words found in
Matt. 11: 27
“All things are delivered to me of my Father; and no man knows the
Son, but the Father; neither knows any man the Father, save the Son,
and he to whosoever the Son will reveal him.”

Let’s study in the scriptures about the Godhead. Do you believe the Trinity or God is in three
persons? Begin reading and understand the given explanations below. But pray first before
everything.
1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

7. 8.
9.
10.

11. 12.

13. 14.

15. 16.
17. 18.

19. 20.

21. 22.

23. 24.
25. 26.

❖ Devotional Questions:
1. What is Godhead?
2. What are their different responsibilities or activities?
3. How do you explain that God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit are one?

❖ Process Question:
What is your reflection about the triune God?

S-START OFF

❖ Pre-Assessment
Let us see if you still remember these in your science subject: (No need to submit
your answers but answer them with yourself.)
1. What is the difference between condensation and sublimation?
2. When do you say that the changes in the states of an object considered
physical changes?
3. What is chemical change?
4. In what way you can separate salt and water?
❖ Essential Questions:
These questions will help you to understand well your lessons this week. (No need to
submit your answers.)

1. How do you describe changes in the materials due to the effect of temperature such as
solid to liquid; liquid to solid; liquid to gas; and solid to gas?
2. Can you describe what changes in solid materials when bent, pressed, hammered, or cut?
How do you call those changes?
3. Are you aware of what oxygen can do to us?
4. What are some ways of separating mixtures?

Integration of Faith Learning and Life/IFL

Remember, the triune God of creation of this vast universe did everything that we
need because God is love. Though They are three in person (God the
Father, God the Son, & God the Holy Spirit) but cannot be separated for God is one
in purpose, mind, and character. But they have to perform different task in saving
man… (As a future teacher, find ways to integrate this in your lesson today by
studying the content of this module.

P-PURSUE

❖ Content
In this Module, you have noted the observable characteristics of materials. You can see
that materials are capable of changing under certain conditions. Changes can occur due to
varying of temperature, applying force, mixing materials, presence or lack of oxygen and
applying heat. In the latter part you will experiment on different ways of separating
components of mixtures.
 Lesson 1 Changes That materials Undergo (Grade 3)

Engage
There are changes that can occur in materials. Some liquid materials can be changed into
solid and several can even return back to liquid. There are liquid and solid materials which
can be changed to gases. Gases can be changed too to liquids. Solids can be changed also to
gases without even passing the liquid state. How is this possible?

Explore

Let us investigate on changes that materials may go through by having this activity with
your group mates.

( You group your pupils in this activity)

Activity 1: Effect of Heat on Some Materials
Materials needed:
• 4 aluminum foil made-up cups or container
• A small cube of margarine or butter, wax, deodorant, and ice candy
• Hot water in a thermos or pot
• Heat resistant gloves
• Basin or bowl to hold the warm water
• Some ice cubes in a pan
• Watch or timer
• Laboratory thermometer
• Chart on the Change of State

Procedure:
Step1.
1.1. Place the small cubes of margarine, wax, deodorant, and ice candy respectively, in
different made-up aluminum foil containers.
1.2. What will happen to the materials when the same amount of heat is applied to them
at the same amount of time? Predict.
1.3.Closely observe the ice candy.
Q1. Why is the ice candy melting? ____________________________
_______________________________________________________________

1.4.Pour the hot water from the thermos in a basin. Determine its temperature.
1.5. Place the aluminum containers prepared in 1.1 simultaneously in the basin of hot
water bath. Observe in 7 minutes.
Caution: Be careful in handling the setup to avoid burning or any accident.
Q2. What change(s) did you observe?

Q3. What cause(s) the change? Why did the solid materials melt?
__________________________________________________________

04. When the material melted, did it change into something else?
___________________________________________________________

Q5. Using the Chart on the Change of State, describe what change look place with
the materials. Write your explanation below.

____________________________________________________________

Explanation:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Activity 2. Where did the Water Go?

Materials needed:
• 100 ml water
• air thermometer
• piece of chalk

Procedure:

Prepare a glass with 100 mL of water, air thermometer (if available), and a piece of chalk. Next
assemble with your group outside the classroom. Pour the water into a pool on top of the
concrete pavement or on black surface to create a pool of water. Trace around the perimeter or
border of the pool of water. Determine the surrounding air temperature.

Predict the changes that might take place with the pool of water. After 8 minutes re-examine the
pool. Check the chalk markings at the borders of the pool and the air temperature.

Q1. Were your predictions correct? _____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Q2. What changes took place with the pool of water? ______________________________
______________________________________________________________________

Q3. What seemed to be causing these changes? ____________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

Explain

You have just experienced doing an inquiry approach through investigation.

This is another way of introducing the idea of how matter transforms in state due to
temperature change. Here are some background information on the topic.

Changes in Matter Due to Changes in Temperature

Matter exists as solid, liquid, or gas. The change in state can brought about by the
effect of heat or a change in temperature. The changes could be explained using the
particle model.

Figure 1: Chart on the Change of State

The particle model shows that solid, liquid and gas are made up of small particles.
These particles are always moving. The behavior of these particles differs in the 3 states
and hence can be used to explain what happens in changes in state.

Solid

The particles in a solid are very close to each other. There is a very strong force that
Holds these particles together. Hence, their movements are limited. The particles are
vibrating but not spreading apart. This explains why solid has a rigid and compact
appearance.

Liquid

The particles in a liquid are arranged far apart from each other. The forces holding them
can glide or slide around one other and tend to occupy the bottom of the container. This
explains why liquid takes on the shape of the container.

Gas

Gas particles lie very far from each other. The force holding them is very weak. This
is the reason why the particles of gas move faster.
 Figure 2. The arrangement of particles in Liquid, Solid and Gas

• Changes in Matter

A. From Solid to Liquid

Heat energy is always present when matter changes state. As temperature
increases as observed when heat from the hot water is added to solid like the ice candy
and wax, the particles in these solid materials take in the heat energy. They change it
into energy of motion and begin to move and vibrate so fast. As the particles in the
solid speed up, consequently they also move farther apart. If the particles gained
enough energy, they will have enough room to slide past each other. They break free
from their fixed positions. Consequently, the solid matters (ice candy and wax) begin
to melt. Melting is the change of state from solid to a liquid.

B. From Liquid to Gas

Increasing the temperature further of a liquid state like water which resulted
from melting, will cause the water particles to move faster and more rapidly farther
apart. This allows the particles to escape. The liquid water begins to change to a gas
called water vapor. This can continue as long as heat is added or the temperature
increases, and the liquid will continue to boil. Bubbles of water vapor will keep forming
and escaping until all the liquid changes to gas. Boiling is the rapid change of state from
a liquid to a gas. It occurs at or above the boiling temperature. Vaporization takes place
when the particles in a liquid gain enough energy to move independently, forming a gas.
Evaporation usually occurs on the surface of the liquid

The situation can be observed when water in a covered drinking glass which is allowed
to stay undisturbed overnight decreases its volume. This indicates that some of the water
particles evaporated and changed to water vapor. Droplets of water can also be seen
along the side of the closed drinking glass. These water droplets came from the water
vapor or steam that changed into liquid. When water vapor comes in contact with a
cool surface, it releases heat energy and the particles that make up the gas begin to slow
down and move closer together. The gas changes again to a liquid. Condensation is the
change of state from a gas to a liquid.

C. From Liquid to Solid

Suppose more energy or heat is taken away from liquid like when the liquid ice
candy or just plain water is placed in the freezer where the temperature is maybe 0°C or
even lower, the particles in the liquid will slow down. They will begin to move closer to
each other. If the particles lose enough energy the ice candy or the water begins to freeze.
The change of state from a liquid to a solid is freezing.

D. From Solid to Gas

In some cases, solid particles present in solid state like naphthalene balls are
directly converted to gaseous state. This is only possible when the surface particles of a
solid gain enough energy that they form a gas. During sublimation, particles of a solid
do not pass through the liquid state as they form a gas. As a solid material sublimates
into a gas, the freedom of motion of its particles increases. In the case of naphthalene
balls, the material solid disappears, however, its odor can be smelled in the air.

Elaborate

Within your group, create an analogy to describe the movement of particles. Each
member of the group represents one particle.
1. Demonstrate the movement of particles when the whole group dances to tune of a
modem music.

How does each member more?

How far was the distance from each member while they were dancing?

Group members represent the particles of liquid. Do they move fast or slow? Are they far
apart or near each other?

2. Demonstrate the movement of particles when the whole group dances to the tune of a
sweet mellow music.

How does each member move?

How far was the distance from each member while they were dancing?

Group members represent the particles of solid. Do they move fast or slow? Are they far
apart or near each other?

3. Demonstrate the movement of particles when the whole group dances to the tune of
ballet music.

How does each member move?

How far was the distance from each member while they were dancing?

Group members represent gas particles. Do they move fast or slow? Are the particles
far apart or near each other?

Q. Compare the movements and positions of people dancing to the tune of modem music,
sweet mellow music, and ballet music with the motions of liquid particles, solid
particles and gas particles. ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Evaluate

For Pre-Service Teachers

A. Identify the changes that take place in matter by matching column A with column B.
Write the letter of your choice on the space provided before each number.
 Column A Column B
___ 1. Drying of drops on your fingernails a. Solid to gas
___ 2. Margarine heated in a pan b. solid to liquid
___ 3. Gelatine mixed with a hot water c. liquid to gas
and placed inside the refrigerator d. gas to liquid
___ 4. Perfumed sprayed on you e. liquid to solid
___ 5. Air freshener in a can becomes lesser in
volume as the can is opened

B. Multiple Choice: Select the correct answer.

1. Water droplets form on a cold glass of soda drink. What state of matter was the
droplet before it formed on the glass and where did it come from?
a. It was a gas in the air
b. It was the liquid water that leaked through the glass.
c. It was the liquid water in the air that trickled at the side of the glass.
d. It was a part of the solid ice cube and diffused onto the side of the glass and
became a liquid.
2. When does sublimation occur? When a _________________
a. solid transform into a liquid.
b. liquid transform into a gas.
c. gas transform into a solid.
d. solid transform into a gas.

For Grade 3 Learners

A. Look intently at the pictures below. Identify the resulting state in each situation and
explain your answer on the space provided below each picture.

1. Ice cream on the table 2. Bottled water in the refrigerator

___________________________ ______________________________
___________________________ ______________________________

3. Boiling water in the kettle 4. Mothballs (Naphthalene) inside the cabinet

_______________________________ ______________________________________
_______________________________ ______________________________________
 5. Heavy clouds in the sky

_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

B. Answer the question

How does knowledge of change of state of matter help you in your everyday life?

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

Your Reflection

From this lesson on “Changes that materials Undergo,” I learned that _________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

Note: Be sure to answer the Devotional, Process, & Evaluations only & submit right away.
Get ready for the next lessons to be published tomorrow.