1.

Print an integer
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int number;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

// reads and stores input

scanf("%d", &number);

// displays output
printf("You entered: %d", number);

return 0;
}

Output

In this program, an integer variable number is declared.

2. Program to add two integer

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {

int number1, number2, sum;

printf("Enter two integers: ");

scanf("%d %d", &number1, &number2);

// calculating sum
sum = number1 + number2;

printf("%d + %d = %d", number1, number2, sum);

return 0;
}

Output

In this program, the user is asked to enter two integers. These two integers are
stored in variables number1 and number2 respectively.

3. Program to multiply two

number’s
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
double a, b, product;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%lf %lf", &a, &b);

// Calculating product
 product = a * b;

// Result up to 2 decimal point is displayed using %.2lf

printf("Product = %.2lf", product);

return 0;
}

Output

Product = 2.69n this program, the user is asked to enter two numbers which are

stored in variables a and b respectively.

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%lf %lf", &a, &b);

Then, the product of a and b is evaluated and the result is stored in product .

product = a * b;

4.Program to Compute Quotient

and Remainder
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder;
printf("Enter dividend: ");
scanf("%d", &dividend);
 printf("Enter divisor: ");
scanf("%d", &divisor);

// Computes quotient
quotient = dividend / divisor;

// Computes remainder
remainder = dividend % divisor;

printf("Quotient = %d\n", quotient);

printf("Remainder = %d", remainder);
return 0;
}

Output

In this program, the user is asked to enter two integers (dividend and divisor).
They are stored in variables dividend and divisor respectively.

printf("Enter dividend: ");

scanf("%d", &dividend);
printf("Enter divisor: ");
scanf("%d", &divisor);

Then the quotient is evaluated using / (the division operator), and stored
in quotient .

quotient = dividend / divisor;

5.Program to check whether the
number is even or odd

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

// True if num is perfectly divisible by 2

if(num % 2 == 0)
printf("%d is even.", num);
else
printf("%d is odd.", num);

return 0;
}

Output\

In the program, the integer entered by the user is stored in the variable num .
Then, whether num is perfectly divisible by 2 or not is checked using the
modulus % operator.
 6. Program to swap two
numbers
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
double first, second, temp;
printf("Enter first number: ");
scanf("%lf", &first);
printf("Enter second number: ");
scanf("%lf", &second);

// Value of first is assigned to temp

temp = first;

// Value of second is assigned to first

first = second;

// Value of temp (initial value of first) is assigned to second

second = temp;

printf("\nAfter swapping, firstNumber = %.2lf\n", first);

printf("After swapping, secondNumber = %.2lf", second);
return 0;
}

Output

In the above program, the temp variable is assigned the value of

the first variable.
Then, the value of the first variable is assigned to the second variable.
 7.Program to check whether
the program is a vowel or
consonant
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char c;
int lowercase_vowel, uppercase_vowel;
printf("Enter an alphabet: ");
scanf("%c", &c);

// evaluates to 1 if variable c is a lowercase vowel

lowercase_vowel = (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c ==
'u');

// evaluates to 1 if variable c is a uppercase vowel

uppercase_vowel = (c == 'A' || c == 'E' || c == 'I' || c == 'O' || c ==
'U');

// evaluates to 1 (true) if c is a vowel

if (lowercase_vowel || uppercase_vowel)
printf("%c is a vowel.", c);
else.
printf("%c is a consonant.", c);
return 0;
}

Output
The character entered by the user is stored in variable c .
The lowercase_vowel variable evaluates to 1 (true) if c is a lowercase vowel and 0
(false) for any other characters.

8. Check whether the number

is positive or negative
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
double num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%lf", &num);

if (num < 0.0)

printf("You entered a negative number.");
else if (num > 0.0)
printf("You entered a positive number.");
else
printf("You entered 0.");

return 0;
}

Output
 9. Program to calculate the
sum of natural number
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i, sum = 0;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
i = 1;

while (i <= n) {
sum += i;
++i;
}

printf("Sum = %d", sum);

return 0;
b}

Output

10. Program to find LCM of two

numbers
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n1, n2, max;
 printf("Enter two positive integers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &n1, &n2);

// maximum number between n1 and n2 is stored in min

max = (n1 > n2) ? n1 : n2;

while (1) {
if (max % n1 == 0 && max % n2 == 0) {
printf("The LCM of %d and %d is %d.", n1, n2, max);
break;
}
++max;
}
return 0;
}

Output

In this program, the integers entered by the user are stored in

variable n1 and n2 respectively.
The largest number among n1 and n2 is stored in max . The LCM of two numbers
cannot be less than max .
The test expression of while loop is always true

11. Program to check leap year

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int year;
printf("Enter a year: ");
scanf("%d", &year);
 // leap year if perfectly visible by 400
if (year % 400 == 0) {
printf("%d is a leap year.", year);
}
// not a leap year if visible by 100
// but not divisible by 400
else if (year % 100 == 0) {
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
}
// leap year if not divisible by 100
// but divisible by 4
else if (year % 4 == 0) {
printf("%d is a leap year.", year);
}
// all other years are not leap year
else {
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
}

return 0;
}

Output

12. Check whether the number

is prime or not
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i, flag = 0;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
 for (i = 2; i <= n / 2; ++i) {

// condition for non-prime

if (n % i == 0) {
flag = 1;
break;
}
}

if (n == 1) {
printf("1 is neither prime nor composite.");
}
else {
if (flag == 0)
printf("%d is a prime number.", n);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number.", n);
}

return 0;
}

Output

13. Program to display factor of

a number
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int num, i;
 printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("Factors of %d are: ", num);u
for (i = 1; i <= num; ++i) {
if (num % i == 0) {
printf("%d ", i);
}
}
return 0;
}

Output

14. Program to make simple

calculator using switch case
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char operator;
double first, second;
printf("Enter an operator (+, -, *,): ");
scanf("%c", &operator);
printf("Enter two operands: ");
scanf("%lf %lf", &first, &second);

switch (operator) {
case '+':
printf("%.1lf + %.1lf = %.1lf", first, second, first + second);
break;
case '-':
printf("%.1lf - %.1lf = %.1lf", first, second, first - second);
 break;
case '*':
printf("%.1lf * %.1lf = %.1lf", first, second, first * second);
break;
case '/':
printf("%.1lf / %.1lf = %.1lf", first, second, first / second);
break;
// operator doesn't match any case constant
default:
printf("Error! operator is not correct");
}

return 0;
}

Output

15. Program to print pyramids and

patterns

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int rows, coef = 1, space, i, j;
printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
scanf("%d", &rows);
for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
for (space = 1; space <= rows - i; space++)
printf(" ");
for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
if (j == 0 || i == 0)
coef = 1;
else
 coef = coef * (i - j + 1) / j;
printf("%4d", coef);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output

16. Program to find the largest

number among three number

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
double n1, n2, n3;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%lf %lf %lf", &n1, &n2, &n3);

if (n1 >= n2) {

if (n1 >= n3)
printf("%.2lf is the largest number.", n1);
else
printf("%.2lf is the largest number.", n3);
} else {
if (n2 >= n3)
 printf("%.2lf is the largest number.", n2);
else
printf("%.2lf is the largest number.", n3);
}

return 0;
}

Output

17. Program to check whether

character is alphabet or not
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char c;
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c", &c);

if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
printf("%c is an alphabet.", c);
else
printf("%c is not an alphabet.", c);

return 0;
}

Output
 In the program, 'a' is used instead of 97 and 'z' is used instead of 122 .
Similarly, 'A' is used instead of 65 and 'Z' is used instead of 90 .

18. Program to calculate the power

of a number
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int base, exp;
long long result = 1;
printf("Enter a base number: ");
scanf("%d", &base);
printf("Enter an exponent: ");
scanf("%d", &exp);

while (exp != 0) {
result *= base;
--exp;
}
printf("Answer = %lld", result);
return 0;
}

Output

The above technique works only if the exponent is a positive integer.

If you need to find the power of a number with any real number as an exponent,
you can use the pow() function.

19. Program to Display

Armstrong Number Between
Two Intervals
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int low, high, number, originalNumber, rem, count = 0;
double result = 0.0;
printf("Enter two numbers(intervals): ");
scanf("%d %d", &low, &high);
printf("Armstrong numbers between %d and %d are: ", low, high);

// iterate number from (low + 1) to (high - 1)

// In each iteration, check if number is Armstrong
for (number = low + 1; number < high; ++number) {
originalNumber = number;

// number of digits calculation

while (originalNumber != 0) {
originalNumber /= 10;
++count;
}

originalNumber = number;

// result contains sum of nth power of individual digits

while (originalNumber != 0) {
rem = originalNumber % 10;
result += pow(rem, count);
originalNumber /= 10;
}
 // check if number is equal to the sum of nth power of individual digits
if ((int)result == number) {
printf("%d ", number);
}

// resetting the values

count = 0;
result = 0;
}

return 0;
}

OUTPUT

20. Program to Demonstrate

the Working of Keyword long
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a;
long b; // equivalent to long int b;
long long c; // equivalent to long long int c;
double e;
long double f;

printf("Size of int = %zu bytes \n", sizeof(a));

printf("Size of long int = %zu bytes\n", sizeof(b));
printf("Size of long long int = %zu bytes\n", sizeof(c));
printf("Size of double = %zu bytes\n", sizeof(e));
printf("Size of long double = %zu bytes\n", sizeof(f));

return 0;
}

Output

21. Program to Display Prime

Numbers Between Intervals Using
Function
#include <stdio.h>
int checkPrimeNumber(int n);
int main() {
int n1, n2, i, flag;
printf("Enter two positive integers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &n1, &n2);
printf("Prime numbers between %d and %d are: ", n1, n2);
for (i = n1 + 1; i < n2; ++i) {

// flag will be equal to 1 if i is prime

flag = checkPrimeNumber(i);

if (flag == 1)
printf("%d ", i);
}
return 0;
}

// user-defined function to check prime number

int checkPrimeNumber(int n) {
int j, flag = 1;
for (j = 2; j <= n / 2; ++j) {
if (n % j == 0) {
flag = 0;
 break;
}
}
return flag;
}

Output

22. Program to Find the Sum of

Natural Numbers using Recursion

#include <stdio.h>
int addNumbers(int n);
int main() {
int num;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("Sum = %d", addNumbers(num));
return 0;
}

int addNumbers(int n) {
if (n != 0)
return n + addNumbers(n - 1);
else
 return n;
}

Output

23. Program to calculate the power

using recursion

#include <stdio.h>
int power(int n1, int n2);
int main() {
int base, a, result;
printf("Enter base number: ");
scanf("%d", &base);
printf("Enter power number(positive integer): ");
scanf("%d", &a);
result = power(base, a);
printf("%d^%d = %d", base, a, result);
return 0;
}

int power(int base, int a) {

if (a != 0)
return (base * power(base, a - 1));
else
return 1;
}

Output

24. Program to Find G.C.D Using

Recursion
#include <stdio.h>
int hcf(int n1, int n2);
int main() {
int n1, n2;
printf("Enter two positive integers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &n1, &n2);
printf("G.C.D of %d and %d is %d.", n1, n2, hcf(n1, n2));
return 0;
}

int hcf(int n1, int n2) {

if (n2 != 0)
return hcf(n2, n1 % n2);
else
return n1;
}

Output
25 .Program to Check Prime or
Armstrong Number Using User-
defined Function

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int convert(long long n);
int main() {
long long n;
printf("Enter a binary number: ");
scanf("%lld", &n);
printf("%lld in binary = %d in decimal", n, convert(n));
return 0;
}

int convert(long long n) {

int dec = 0, i = 0, rem;
while (n != 0) {
rem = n % 10;
n /= 10;
dec += rem * pow(2, i);
++i;
}
return dec;
}

Output
26. Program to Check Prime or
Armstrong Number Using User-
defined Function
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int checkPrimeNumber(int n);

int checkArmstrongNumber(int n);

int main() {
int n, flag;
printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);

// check prime number

flag = checkPrimeNumber(n);
if (flag == 1)
printf("%d is a prime number.\n", n);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number.\n", n);

// check Armstrong number

flag = checkArmstrongNumber(n);
if (flag == 1)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.", n);
else
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.", n);
return 0;
}

// function to check prime number

int checkPrimeNumber(int n) {
int i, flag = 1, squareRoot;

// computing the square root

squareRoot = sqrt(n);
 for (i = 2; i <= squareRoot; ++i) {
// condition for non-prime number
if (n % i == 0) {
flag = 0;
break;
}
}
return flag;
}

// function to check Armstrong number

int checkArmstrongNumber(int num) {
int originalNum, remainder, n = 0, flag;
double result = 0.0;

// store the number of digits of num in n

for (originalNum = num; originalNum != 0; ++n) {
originalNum /= 10;
}

for (originalNum = num; originalNum != 0; originalNum /= 10) {

remainder = originalNum % 10;

// store the sum of the power of individual digits in result

result += pow(remainder, n);
}

// condition for Armstrong number

if (round(result) == num)
flag = 1;
else
flag = 0;
return flag;
}

Output
27. Program to Calculate Average
Using Arrays
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i;
float num[100], sum = 0.0, avg;

printf("Enter the numbers of elements: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

while (n > 100 || n < 1) {

printf("Error! number should in range of (1 to 100).\n");
printf("Enter the number again: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
}

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {

printf("%d. Enter number: ", i + 1);
scanf("%f", &num[i]);
sum += num[i];
}

avg = sum / n;
printf("Average = %.2f", avg);
return 0;
}

Output
28 Program to Find Largest
Element in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int i, n;
float arr[100];
printf("Enter the number of elements (1 to 100): ");
scanf("%d", &n);

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {

printf("Enter number%d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%f", &arr[i]);
}

// storing the largest number to arr[0]

for (i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
if (arr[0] < arr[i])
arr[0] = arr[i];
}

printf("Largest element = %.2f", arr[0]);

return 0;
}

Output
29. Program to Calculate Standard
Deviation
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
float calculateSD(float data[]);
int main() {
int i;
float data[10];
printf("Enter 10 elements: ");
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
scanf("%f", &data[i]);
printf("\nStandard Deviation = %.6f", calculateSD(data));
return 0;
}

float calculateSD(float data[]) {

float sum = 0.0, mean, SD = 0.0;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
sum += data[i];
}
mean = sum / 10;
for (i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
SD += pow(data[i] - mean, 2);
return sqrt(SD / 10);
}

Output
30. Program to Find Transpose of a
Matrix
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a[10][10], transpose[10][10], r, c, i, j;
printf("Enter rows and columns: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);

// Assigning elements to the matrix

printf("\nEnter matrix elements:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}

// Displaying the matrix a[][]

printf("\nEntered matrix: \n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("%d ", a[i][j]);
if (j == c - 1)
printf("\n");
}

// Finding the transpose of matrix a

for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
transpose[j][i] = a[i][j];
}

// Displaying the transpose of matrix a

printf("\nTranspose of the matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < c; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < r; ++j) {
printf("%d ", transpose[i][j]);
if (j == r - 1)
 printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output

31. Program to Find Largest Element

in an Array
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int i, n;
float arr[100];
printf("Enter the number of elements (1 to 100): ");
 scanf("%d", &n);

for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {

printf("Enter number%d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%f", &arr[i]);
}

// storing the largest number to arr[0]

for (i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
if (arr[0] < arr[i])
arr[0] = arr[i];
}

printf("Largest element = %.2f", arr[0]);

return 0;
}

Output

This program takes n number of elements from the user and stores it in arr[] .

32. Program to Add Two Matrices

Using Multi-dimensional Arrays
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int r, c, a[100][100], b[100][100], sum[100][100], i, j;
printf("Enter the number of rows (between 1 and 100): ");
scanf("%d", &r);
printf("Enter the number of columns (between 1 and 100): ");
scanf("%d", &c);

printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");

for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}

printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n");

for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
}

// adding two matrices

for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}

// printing the result

printf("\nSum of two matrices: \n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("%d ", sum[i][j]);
if (j == c - 1) {
printf("\n\n");
}
}

return 0;
}
Output

In this program, the user is asked to enter the number of rows r and

columns c . Then, the user is asked to enter the elements of the two

matrices (of order r*c ).

33. Array Input/Output
// Program to take 5 values from the user and store them in an array
// Print the elements stored in the array
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int values[5];

printf("Enter 5 integers: ");

// taking input and storing it in an array

for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
scanf("%d", &values[i]);
}

printf("Displaying integers: ");

// printing elements of an array

for(int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
printf("%d\n", values[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Output
Here, we have used a for loop to take 5 inputs from the user and store them

in an array. Then, using another for loop, these elements are displayed on

the screen

34. Calculate Average

// Program to find the average of n numbers using arrays

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int marks[10], i, n, sum = 0, average;

printf("Enter number of elements: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

for(i=0; i<n; ++i)

{
printf("Enter number%d: ",i+1);
scanf("%d", &marks[i]);

// adding integers entered by the user to the sum variable

sum += marks[i];
}

average = sum/n;
printf("Average = %d", average);

return 0;
}

Output
Here, we have computed the average of n numbers entered by the user.

35. Passing an array

#include <stdio.h>
void display(int age1, int age2)
{
printf("%d\n", age1);
printf("%d\n", age2);
}

int main()
{
int ageArray[] = {2, 8, 4, 12};

// Passing second and third elements to display()

display(ageArray[1], ageArray[2]);
return 0;
}
Output

36. Program to Count the Number of

Vowels, Consonants
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char line[150];
int vowels, consonant, digit, space;

vowels = consonant = digit = space = 0;

printf("Enter a line of string: ");

fgets(line, sizeof(line), stdin);

for (int i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; ++i) {

if (line[i] == 'a' || line[i] == 'e' || line[i] == 'i' ||
line[i] == 'o' || line[i] == 'u' || line[i] == 'A' ||
line[i] == 'E' || line[i] == 'I' || line[i] == 'O' ||
line[i] == 'U') {
++vowels;
 } else if ((line[i] >= 'a' && line[i] <= 'z') || (line[i] >= 'A' &&
line[i] <= 'Z')) {
++consonant;
} else if (line[i] >= '0' && line[i] <= '9') {
++digit;
} else if (line[i] == ' ') {
++space;
}
}

printf("Vowels: %d", vowels);

printf("\nConsonants: %d", consonant);
printf("\nDigits: %d", digit);
printf("\nWhite spaces: %d", space);
return 0;
}

Output

Here, the string entered by the user is stored in the line variable.
Initially, the variables vowel , consonant , digit, and space are initialized to 0.

37. Program to Find the

Length of a String
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char s[] = "Programming is fun";
int i;

for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; ++i);

printf("Length of the string: %d", i);

return 0;
}

Output

Here, using a for loop, we have iterated over characters of the string from i =

0 to until '\0' (null character) is encountered. In each iteration, the value of i is

increased by 1.
When the loop ends, the length of the string will be stored in the i variable.

38. Program to Find the

Frequency of Characters in a
String
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
char str[1000], ch;
int count = 0;

printf("Enter a string: ");

fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);

printf("Enter a character to find its frequency: ");

scanf("%c", &ch);

for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; ++i) {

if (ch == str[i])
++count;
}

printf("Frequency of %c = %d", ch, count);

return 0;
}

Output

39. Program to Store Information of

Students Using Structure
#include <stdio.h>
struct student {
char firstName[50];
int roll;
float marks;
} s[10];
int main() {
int i;
printf("Enter information of students:\n");

// storing information
for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
s[i].roll = i + 1;
printf("\nFor roll number%d,\n", s[i].roll);
printf("Enter first name: ");
scanf("%s", s[i].firstName);
printf("Enter marks: ");
scanf("%f", &s[i].marks);
}
printf("Displaying Information:\n\n");

// displaying information
for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
printf("\nRoll number: %d\n", i + 1);
printf("First name: ");
puts(s[i].firstName);
printf("Marks: %.1f", s[i].marks);
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output
 .
40 Program to Sort Elements in
Dictionary Order
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
char str[5][50], temp[50];
printf("Enter 5 words: ");
 // Getting strings input
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
fgets(str[i], sizeof(str[i]), stdin);
}

// storing strings in the lexicographical order

for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
for (int j = i + 1; j < 5; ++j) {

// swapping strings if they are not in the lexicographical order

if (strcmp(str[i], str[j]) > 0) {
strcpy(temp, str[i]);
strcpy(str[i], str[j]);
strcpy(str[j], temp);
}
}
}

printf("\nIn the lexicographical order: \n");

for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
fputs(str[i], stdout);
}
return 0;
}

Output
41. Program to Add Two Distances
(in inch-feet system) using
Structures
#include <stdio.h>

struct Distance {
int feet;
float inch;
} d1, d2, result;

int main() {
// take first distance input
printf("Enter 1st distance\n");
printf("Enter feet: ");
scanf("%d", &d1.feet);
printf("Enter inch: ");
scanf("%f", &d1.inch);

// take second distance input

printf("\nEnter 2nd distance\n");
printf("Enter feet: ");
scanf("%d", &d2.feet);
printf("Enter inch: ");
scanf("%f", &d2.inch);

// adding distances
result.feet = d1.feet + d2.feet;
result.inch = d1.inch + d2.inch;

// convert inches to feet if greater than 12

while (result.inch >= 12.0) {
result.inch = result.inch - 12.0;
++result.feet;
}
printf("\nSum of distances = %d\'-%.1f\"", result.feet, result.inch);
return 0;
}
Output

42. Program to Add Two Complex

Numbers by Passing Structure to a
Function
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct complex {
float real;
float imag;
} complex;

complex add(complex n1, complex n2);

int main() {
complex n1, n2, result;

printf("For 1st complex number \n");

printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
 scanf("%f %f", &n1.real, &n1.imag);
printf("\nFor 2nd complex number \n");
printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
scanf("%f %f", &n2.real, &n2.imag);

result = add(n1, n2);

printf("Sum = %.1f + %.1fi", result.real, result.imag);

return 0;
}

complex add(complex n1, complex n2) {

complex temp;
temp.real = n1.real + n2.real;
temp.imag = n1.imag + n2.imag;
return (temp);
}

Output

43. Program to Calculate Difference

Between Two Time Periods
#include <stdio.h>
struct TIME {
int seconds;
int minutes;
int hours;
};

void differenceBetweenTimePeriod(struct TIME t1,

struct TIME t2,
 struct TIME *diff);

int main() {
struct TIME startTime, stopTime, diff;

printf("Enter the start time. \n");

printf("Enter hours, minutes and seconds: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &startTime.hours,
&startTime.minutes,
&startTime.seconds);

printf("Enter the stop time. \n");

printf("Enter hours, minutes and seconds: ");
scanf("%d %d %d", &stopTime.hours,
&stopTime.minutes,
&stopTime.seconds);

// Difference between start and stop time

differenceBetweenTimePeriod(startTime, stopTime, &diff);
printf("\nTime Difference: %d:%d:%d - ", startTime.hours,
startTime.minutes,
startTime.seconds);
printf("%d:%d:%d ", stopTime.hours,
stopTime.minutes,
stopTime.seconds);
printf("= %d:%d:%d\n", diff.hours,
diff.minutes,
diff.seconds);
return 0;
}

// Computes difference between time periods

void differenceBetweenTimePeriod(struct TIME start,
struct TIME stop,
struct TIME *diff) {
while (stop.seconds > start.seconds) {
--start.minutes;
start.seconds += 60;
}
diff->seconds = start.seconds - stop.seconds;
while (stop.minutes > start.minutes) {
--start.hours;
start.minutes += 60;
}
diff->minutes = start.minutes - stop.minutes;
diff->hours = start.hours - stop.hours;
}

Output

44. Program to Store Data in

Structures Dynamically
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct course {
int marks;
char subject[30];
};

int main() {
struct course *ptr;
int i, noOfRecords;
printf("Enter the number of records: ");
scanf("%d", &noOfRecords);

// Memory allocation for noOfRecords structures

ptr = (struct course *)malloc(noOfRecords * sizeof(struct course));
for (i = 0; i < noOfRecords; ++i) {
printf("Enter the name of the subject and marks respectively:\n");
scanf("%s %d", (ptr + i)->subject, &(ptr + i)->marks);
}

printf("Displaying Information:\n");
for (i = 0; i < noOfRecords; ++i)
printf("%s\t%d\n", (ptr + i)->subject, (ptr + i)->marks);
 return 0;
}

Output

45. Program to Add Two Complex

Numbers by Passing Structure to a
Function
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct complex {
float real;
float imag;
} complex;

complex add(complex n1, complex n2);

int main() {
complex n1, n2, result;

printf("For 1st complex number \n");

printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
scanf("%f %f", &n1.real, &n1.imag);
printf("\nFor 2nd complex number \n");
printf("Enter the real and imaginary parts: ");
scanf("%f %f", &n2.real, &n2.imag);
 result = add(n1, n2);

printf("Sum = %.1f + %.1fi", result.real, result.imag);

return 0;
}

complex add(complex n1, complex n2) {

complex temp;
temp.real = n1.real + n2.real;
temp.imag = n1.imag + n2.imag;
return (temp);
}

Output

46.Program to Access members using

pointers
#include <stdio.h>
struct person
{
int age;
float weight;
};

int main()
{
struct person *personPtr, person1;
personPtr = &person1;
 printf("Enter age: ");
scanf("%d", &personPtr->age);

printf("Enter weight: ");

scanf("%f", &personPtr->weight);

printf("Displaying:\n");
printf("Age: %d\n", personPtr->age);
printf("weight: %f", personPtr->weight);

return 0;
}

Output

50.Program to user defined

functioned
#include <stdio.h>
int addNumbers(int a, int b); // function prototype

int main()
{
int n1,n2,sum;

printf("Enters two numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d",&n1,&n2);

sum = addNumbers(n1, n2); // function call

printf("sum = %d",sum);

return 0;
}

int addNumbers(int a, int b) // function definition

{
int result;
result = a+b;
return result; // return statement
}

Output

51 Program to read from a text file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int num;
FILE *fptr;

if ((fptr = fopen("C:\\program.txt","r")) == NULL){

printf("Error! opening file");

// Program exits if the file pointer returns NULL.

exit(1);
}

fscanf(fptr,"%d", &num);

printf("Value of n=%d", num);

fclose(fptr);

return 0;
}
Output

52 Program to write to a text file

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
int num;
FILE *fptr;

// use appropriate location if you are using MacOS or Linux

fptr = fopen("C:\\program.txt","w");

if(fptr == NULL)
{
printf("Error!");
exit(1);
}

printf("Enter num: ");

scanf("%d",&num);

fprintf(fptr,"%d",num);
fclose(fptr);

return 0;
}

Output