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LCSD05 LARSP Phrase Structure Summary Sheet

This document outlines 6 developmental stages of grammatical acquisition in children from ages 1;6 to 4;6 years old based on the LARSP model. Stage II (1;6-2;0yrs) includes determiner-noun combinations, adjectives, verbs, prepositions, and intensifiers. Stage III (2;0-2;6yrs) adds more complex determiner-adjective-noun groups. Stage IV (2;6-3;0yrs) introduces noun phrases and coordinators. Stage V (3;0-3;6yrs) includes relative clauses. Stage VI (3;6-4;6yrs) features initiators, coordinations without markers, and complex

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447 views6 pages

LCSD05 LARSP Phrase Structure Summary Sheet

This document outlines 6 developmental stages of grammatical acquisition in children from ages 1;6 to 4;6 years old based on the LARSP model. Stage II (1;6-2;0yrs) includes determiner-noun combinations, adjectives, verbs, prepositions, and intensifiers. Stage III (2;0-2;6yrs) adds more complex determiner-adjective-noun groups. Stage IV (2;6-3;0yrs) introduces noun phrases and coordinators. Stage V (3;0-3;6yrs) includes relative clauses. Stage VI (3;6-4;6yrs) features initiators, coordinations without markers, and complex

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Oisin Donnelly White
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LARSP Developmental Stages of Grammatical Acquisition

(adapted from Crystal (1992), Profiling Linguistic Disability)

PHRASE STRUCTURE

Stage II (1;6 – 2;0 yrs)

D N D N D N D N
DN (Determiner + Noun): the boy my house that car some eggs

Adj N Adj N Adj N


AdjN (Adjective + Noun): nice box big boy yummy apple

N N N N
N N (Noun + Noun): mummy’s key railway station

Pr N Pr N Pr N
Pr N (Preposition + Noun): in box for John under table

V V V V
V V (Verb + Verb): want go make jump

V part V part V part


V part (Verb + particle): come in sit down shut up
Stage II (1;6 – 2;0 yrs) continued

Int. X Int. X Int. X


Int X (Intensifier + some other phrase element): very nice really big all dirty

Pr Pron Pr Pron
Other: e.g. Pr Pron (Preposition + Pronoun): to me in that

Pr Adv Pr Adv
Pr Adv (Preposition + Adverb): in there on here
Stage III (2;0 – 2;6 yrs)
D Adj N D Adj N
D Adj N (Determiner Adjective Noun): the big box a nice car

Adj Adj N Adj Adj N


Adj Adj N (Adjective Adjective Noun): nice big car big red train

Pr D N Pr D N
Pr D N (Preposition Adjective Noun): in the box behind the table

N Adj N
Other: e.g. N Adj N (Noun Adjective Noun): Mummy’s big car
Pr D Pron
Pr D Pron (Preposition Determiner Pronoun): in this one

Pronp (Personal Pronoun): e.g. I, you, he, she, it, we, they, him, her, them, us etc.

Prono (Other types of pronoun): e.g. myself, himself, herself, his, my, their, our, your etc.

Cop (Copular): he is happy, he is an engineer, they are sorry

Auxm (Modal Auxiliaries): can/could, will/would, shall/should, may/might, must, dare , need, ought.
Auxo (Other Auxiliaries): be, have, do.
Stage IV (2;6 – 3;0 yrs)
NP Pr Np NP Pr NP
NP Pr NP (Noun Phrase Preposition Noun Phrase): the man in a hat a little car with a red roof

Pr D Adj N Pr D Adj N
Pr D Adj N (Preposition Determiner Adjective Noun): in the big box behind the red car

c X c X
cX (and + any other phrase element): and me and the big boy

c X c c X c
XcX (and + two other phrase elements): boy and girl a big man and a red car

Neg V Neg V
Neg V (negative word used within the verb phrase): he isn’t going he is not running

Neg X
Neg X (negative word + any other phrasal element): he has a pencil not a pen

2 Aux (2 auxiliary verbs): he may be going I have been kicked

Pr D Adj Adj N D Adj Adj N


Other: e.g. in that big red box a big fat pig
Stage V (3;0 – 3;6 yrs)
S V A
Postmod (clause used to modify Noun in NP): the man who saw me is outside (Relative clause ‘who saw me’ modifies Noun
‘man’ in NP ‘the man.)
S V O
Postmod1+ (more than 1 postmodifying clause): there’s the car which you drove and which was bumped
(2 Relative clauses ‘which you drove’ and ‘which was bumped’ linked by coordinator ‘and’ modify Noun ‘car’ in NP ‘the car’)

NP Postmod. ph. 1 Postmod. ph. 2


Postmod. Phrase 1+ (phrases used to modify Noun in NP): the man in the garden in a hat

Stage VI (3;6 – 4;6 yrs)

I D N I D N
Initiator: all the cows both the men

Coord (2 NPs coordinated without any formal marker): John, the butcher Look at that car, the red Ford

S V
Complex VP (more complex kinds of verb phrase): e.g. he might not go

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