CENTRE OF STUDIES FOR SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

CADASTRAL TRAVERSE SURVEY

(Re-Survey Lot in UiTM Shah Alam)

Programme : AP220 – Bachelor of Surveying Science and Geomatics

(Honors)
Course : GLS 459 - Basic Cadastral Surveying
Date of Submission : 10 Feb 2021
Lecturer’s Name : Sr Ahmad Norhisyam bin Idris

GROUP MEMBERS
No Student ID Name Remark
1 2020779689 Muhammad Najmi bin Kamarudin
2 2020975019 Muhamad Fuad bin Emri
3 2020987551 Muhammad Azib bin Ahmad Zabid
4 2020964357 Nur Haziqah binti Abdul Razif
5 2020973525 Nur Shahira binti Shahlan
 TABLE OF CONTENT

No Content Page
1.0 Cadastral System in Malaysia 3
1.1 Historical Perspective 3
1.2 Department of Surveying & Mapping Malaysia (DSMM) 3
2.0 Datum for Cadastral Surveying 4
2.1 Types of Datum 4
2.2 Tolerances of Datum Displacement 4
3.0 Project Background 5
3.1 Aim and Objective 6
4.0 Methodology 7
5.0 Procedures and Recording the Cadastral Data 9
5.1 DFT 9
5.2 EDM Calibration 11
5.3 Solar Observation 13
5.4 Traversing Work 14
6.0 Results 17
6.1 DFT 17
6.2 EDM Calibration 18
6.3 Solar Observation 19
6.4 Traversing Work 22
7.0 Cadastral Output Data 23
8.0 Conclusion 24
9.0 References 28
10.0 Appendices 29

1
 LIST OF APPENDICES

Ser Appendices Page

I Data Recorded in Field Book for DFT 29
II Data Recorded in EDM Calibration Test Form 30
III Data Recorded in Solar Observation form 31
IV Initial Certified Plan 32
V Data Recorded in Field Book for traverse 33
VI Diary of Work 39

2
1.0 Cadastral System in Malaysia

1.1 Historical Perspective

Previously, before Department of Surveying and Mapping Malaysia (DSMM) existed the
Torrens system was implemented in the FMS between 1879 and 1890, was largely based
on the Torrens legislation of South Australia and Fiji. The new legislative provisions of
the National Land Code, 1965 (NLC) in Peninsular Malaysia, the Sabah Land
Ordinance, in the state of Sabah and the Sarawak Land Code, in the state of Sarawak,
are expressed in the succession of the country's political changes.

The National Land Code (NLC) was enacted to create a standardized land system to
replace current land systems. Prior to the passage of the NLC, two very different systems
of land tenure existed side by side. The former British Colonies of Penang and Malacca
retain a scheme unique to the pre-war "Straits Settlements" whereby privately executed
deeds are the basis of land title, whereas the remaining nine Malaya States, on the other
hand, employ a system based on the theory that private land rights can be obtained only
from the express grant of the States. (Nordin, 2016)

1.2 Department of Surveying & Mapping Malaysia (DSMM)

The Survey & Mapping Department of Malaysia (DSSM) is one of the earliest agencies in
Malaysia to carry out the survey and mapping operations initiated in 1885 with the
establishment of the Johor Department of Survey. During the years 1885 and 1957, the
State Survey & Topographic Department was gradually created, one by one, and later
consolidated as one agency as it is now known. In 1965, the Government approved the
creation of the "Directorate Pemetaan Negara Malaysia" (Directorate of National
Mapping, Malaysia) responsible for surveying, mapping, topographical and geodetic
activities. from from today onwards, the main roles of DSSM are to operate cadastral
survey activities, to operate mapping activities, providing basic survey and mapping
infrastructure, providing spatial information, research and development, advice the
government of mapping, the discipline of survey and as a center of excellence and
reference in the field of survey and mapping ((JUPEM), 2021).

3
2.0 Datum for Cadastral Surveying
There are two part of datum, there are known as horizontal datum and vertical datum. For
horizontal datum, they are used in describing coordinate (X, Y) on the surface of whether in
latitude and longitude or another system of coordinate. Whilst vertical datum is used in order to
measure height (z), depth of underwater and to measure elevation

2.1 Types of Datum

In 2002, each cadastral measurement should be based on datum satisfactory consisting of
two old boundary marks that contiguous and shown to be in a good position by checking
with direct measurement or by calculation and the need for azimuth solar observation in
accordance with DSMM. Three old boundary marks where two of them in contiguous and
proved in a good position by checking with angle and distance measurement or traverse
with calculation. Any two old boundary marks which proved in a good position by GPS
observation in compliance with DSMM requirements. Started from 2009 this regulation is
no longer be used and replaced by new circular. Whilst in 2009 new condition was
introduces, each cadastral measure should be based to datum satisfactory consisting of
Cadastral Reference Mark (CRM) signs that placed as follow ; two boundary marks
measurement from NDCDB that separated not less than 40 meter which that exact position
has proved with direct measurement or traverse and calculation, together with astronomical
observation for azimuth or MyRTKnet observation; or two boundary marks that contiguous
from NDCDB that proved the position with third mark using measure angle and distance or
with traverse and it must place in exact position.

2.2 Tolerances of Datum Displacement

According to PUK 2002, the distance of line to be used as a datum must be more than 30m
and the allowable for displacement are: for line that are less than 40m, the tolerance for
bearing is 01’ and distance 0.015 meter. For line bigger than 40m, the tolerance for bearing
30” and distance 0.006 m for each 20 m, with the maximum displacement 0.050 m. For
1st class of survey, the tolerance for interior angle is not more than 10”, whilst for 2nd class
survey measurement not more than 20 “(JUPEM, 2002). Whereas, based on circular no 5
and 6 Condition 2009, the datum should exceed 30m and the vector displacement limit is
less than 0.050 m for urban and area whilst for the rural area, the difference of vector
displacement is 0.100 meter. Also, there are no 2nd class survey anymore because all the
internal angle between two lines should not exceed 10” according to procedure 4.1.1 iii
(JUPEM, PERATURAN UKUR KADASTAR 2009 BIL 6, 2009).

4
3.0 Project Background

Traversing is a type of survey where it can be defined as the field operation of measuring the
lengths and directions of a series of straight lines connecting a series of points on the earth. The
directions of the survey lines are measured by a direction measuring instrument like theodolite or
Total Station, while the lengths are measured by a tape, chain or using Electromagnetic Distance
Measuring Instrument (EDM). Each of these straight lines is called a traverse leg and each point is
called a traverse station or control point. A traverse which commences and closes on the same
station is a closed loop traverse.

In this project we need to know some principles and rules in conducting the fieldwork and
recording the cadastral survey data according to Department of Surveying and Mapping Malaysia
(DSMM). Besides that, we are required to be familiar in terms of setting up the instruments and
learn on how to use the Total Station to get the bearing and distance while recording the data using
the standard cadastral field book. Thus we are also needed to conduct re-survey procedure and
provide a Calculation Volume (CV) and new Certified Plan (CP) by making a traverse adjustment
calculation. To be able to do this, we have been assigned by our lecturer to execute a simple closed
loop traverse which be conducted around at the selected area at Dewan Budisiswa, UiTM Shah
Alam, Sek 1 (Lot 51) as per shown in fig below.

Fig 1: Survey Area

5
3.1 Aim and Objective

(1) Aim of our project is to produce a Cadastral Survey product which is

Calculation Volume and new Certified Plan.

(2) Objectives:

i. To carry out re-survey of land according to DSMM rules and

regulations.

ii. To enhance skill by hands-on experience in setting up and working

with total station, prism, tripod stand as well as other instruments.

iii. To practise recording the traverse survey data using field book
according to DSMM practices.

iv. To determine the error of closure and compute the accuracy of work.

v. To perform several calculations and error adjustments of traverse

survey measurements as stipulated in PUK 2002.

vi. To apply appropriate procedures, format, and calculations for

preparing Calculation Volume and Certified Plan.

6
4.0 Methodology

Methodology is the method and technique of designing, collecting, and analysing data to produce
evidence that can support a fieldwork. Methodology describes the way a problem is studied and
the reason why a method and technique are used. The purpose is to help understand in more detail
the application of the method by making a description of the research process. To compete
traversing surveying, we need to apply following method:

4.1 Reconnaissance:

In reconnaissance, the surveyor thoroughly examines the ground and then decides upon the
best possible arrangement of triangles or diagrams and makes an index sketch to show the
principal features, such as buildings, roads, boundaries. The positions of the station and
survey lines also mark.

4.2 Selecting and Marking Stations:

Every traverse station selected keeping in view that consecutive stations are intervisible
without much clearance. The traverse legs, as far as possible, kept of the same length to
have a systematic error in angular measurements. The closing error in angular measurement
is, therefore divide equally to all traverse angles assuming all angles of equal weights. A
precise description of each station should enter in the field book giving the exact distance
of the marks on easily recognizable points close by.

4.3 Measurement of angel and distance:

The total station was firstly fitted over the tripod and was levelled. The distance between
traverse stations was measured directly by total station and the mean of the length was
taken as actual length. The forward bearing and back bearing were measured with face
left and face right. So, an angle is defined as the difference in direction between two
convergent lines which is a horizontal angle and a vertical angle.

7
 4.5 Booking of Field Books:

All the data must be recorded using permanent black or blue ink in a specific
column/row. Only the actual measurement can be recorded in the fieldwork book. The
writing must be done perfectly and taking into account the data must be presented
accordingly. All the numbering of the station in the traversing must not be in the alphabet.
The drawing or sketch of the fieldwork should be drawn on a separate page.

4.6 Computation:

Make sure the field data must be adjusted. This is to eliminate any error or mistake from
the fieldwork. In this calculation, only the adjusted data will be used. The final bearing and
distances will be used for this calculation to determine the class.

4.7 Instrument use.

1 x Total Station with Tripod

Total station is a surveying equipment combination of EDM
and Electronic Theodolite. It is also integrated with
microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage system.
The instrument can be used to measure horizontal and vertical
angles as well as sloping distance of object to the instrument

2 x Prism with Tripod

Surveying Prisms, also known as retro-reflectors, redirect a
measuring beam back to the EDM for processing distance.
Usually attached to a pole.

Sunglass
Used with total station when during solar observation and to
prevent eyes from direct contact with ultraviolet radiation

Table 1: Instrument used in traversing

8
5.0 Procedures and Recording the Cadastral Data

5.1 Differential Field Test.

It is important to conduct Differential Field Test (DFT) to ascertain the EDM is in the
acceptable working order. It needs to be carried out at site when daily check has a
difference of 10 mm each time starts a new survey line. Therefore we have conduct DFT on
traverse line which is line 2-3 (first line of new traverse). The field procedure as follows:

Ser Procedure Remark

1. Identified a BKL on line 2-1. Known as point
A and B. A

2. Set up a Total Station at station A and a prism

at station B, then measure the distance from
A to B. Distance we get is 54.567 m.

3. Establish another station which is station C in

the middle of line A and B. This station must A
be on line or almost straight line between A-
B.
C

9
Ser Procedure Remark
4. After that, move Total Station to station C
and set up 2 prisms at station A and B.
Measure distance from C to A and from C to A C
B.

C B

5. All the data obtain are recorded in filed book

as per shown in Appendices I. Compare the
distance of AB with the total separated From To Distance
distances of CA + CB. If the different value A B 54.567 m
was found to be exceeded 10 mm, the C A 23.900 m
instrument shall not be used, it should be sent C B 30.680 m
for EDM calibration test. All data and
calculation are shown in Chapter 6 – Result.

10
5.2 EDM Calibration

All processes of producing the cadastral data are necessary to be concerned as it reflects
procedure and working system that can be guarantee the accuracy. Referring to Circular of
KPUP Ser 3/1986, Ser 6/1986 and Ser 1/2003, the measuring equipment used to collect,
and process data must be determined through the calibration process to ensure the
instrument is in good condition and the data produced is correct. Therefore, before we
carry out traversing, we must ensure the instrument to be used must be calibrated
according to procedures by DSMM. Thus, we have undergo the EDM calibration by
following procedures:

i. Firstly we must contact JUPEM JUD Office to get permission. We need to

send a permission letter to use the site and pillar’s key. In Shah Alam the nearest
office is at:

Pejabat Ukur Daerah Selangor Barat

Tingkat 2, Wisma Persekutuan Klang
Persiaran Bukit Raja 1/KU 1
41150 Bandar Baru Klang

ii. Once approve, on the day to conduct the EDM Calibration, we need to meet
the staff and they will provide us “Sijil Kalibrasi Tapak Ujian EDM” which stated
the actual distance between pillars and EDM Calibration form. Then we can
continue to conduct EDM Calibration.

iii. Standard design of EDM Calibration Site as shown in Fig 1 below:

11
 Fig 2: Standard Design of EDM Calibration Pillars

iv. EDM Calibration procedures in general as follows:

(1) Setup Total Station at Pillar 1 and distance from Pillar 1 to another
Pillars are measured with the help of prism which has distance between 5 m
– 300 m.

(2) Reading are recorded in the EDM Test Form as per attach in
Appendices II.

(3) The basic difference between the distance measured and the standard
distance for each observation line is recorded in provided space.

(4) This differences are summed up and divided into the number of
observation to get the mean value. All the calculation are shown in
calculation are shown in Chapter 6 – Result

Fig 3: Setting up Total Station and Prism at Pillars

12
5.3 Solar Observation

One of the technique to determine the true azimuth of a survey line is by carry out a Solar
Observation. It is particularly use in Cadastral Surveys where traverses were involved. True
azimuth is needed to calculate the M-correction which is referring to meridian correction
where the correction of orientation (bearing or azimuth) is applies in all traverse networks.
The general procedures of solar observation in Cadastral site as follows:

i. Determined any stations with known coordinates that we have obtain before
in closed traverse to be the ‘Station of Observation’ and the other adjacent station to
it as ‘Reference Station/Object (RO)’. In our re-survey lot site, we have selected
station 1 as Station Observation and station 2 as an RO.

ii. Used the mean bearing after applying C – correction from traversing to get
the initial bearing to RO as shown in diagram below:

Fig 4: Traverse using to assume bearing with C Correction

(79º 23’ 20”) at line 1-2.

iii. Make an observation to the sun. At least 2 set of observation are made.

iv. All the data are recorded in Solar Observation Form as per Appendices III.
Then refer to the latest “Almanak Ukur Malaysia” to accomplish the calculation and
get the mean true bearing to the RO. The calculation and results will be shown in
next Chapter 6 – Results. The adopted bearing to azimuth then are apply for M-
correction in traverse adjustment.

13
5.4 Traversing Work

i. Reconnaissance and marking the existent boundary mark

(a) Before starting re-survey of lot in UiTM, we must conduct a recon at

the site and make a planning of work. Our site area is at Dewan Budisiswa
at Seksyen 1, UiTM, Shah Alam. Our lecturer has given us a copy of
Certified Plan (CP) for Lot 51 as per attach in Appendices IV that need to
be re-survey and from that we determined the numbers of station.

(b) We use and GPS application to find the boundary mark on the
ground. There are four boundary mark as station (1 – 4) for our closed
traverse and two nearest boundary mark (station 5 - 6). Then by using
software, we calculate the coordinates for each boundary mark as per shown
in table and figure below:

STN Cassini-Soldner (Old) MRSO (Old)

N/S E/W N/S E/W
1 -12103.883 -22006.418 339206.105 389981.190
2 -12088.572 -21924.692 339221.209 390062.959
3 -12143.079 -21927.533 339166.706 390059.978
4 -12144.335 -21999.666 339165.633 389987.838
5 -12198.952 -21917.432 339110.804 390069.937
6 -12199.375 -22005.657 339110.606 389981.706

STN MRT48 PMSGN94/ WGS84

Latitude Longitude Latitude Longitude
1 03 03 53.17771 101 30 21.65352 03 03 52.52774 101 30 16.50080
2 03 03 53.67629 101 30 24.30061 03 03 53.02630 101 30 19.14754
3 03 03 51.90157 101 30 24.20859 03 03 51.25171 101 30 19.05555
4 03 03 51.86060 101 30 21.87220 03 03 51.21073 101 30 16.71946
5 03 03 50.08239 101 30 24.53579 03 03 49.43266 101 30 19.38271
6 03 03 50.06856 101 30 21.67818 03 03 49.41882 101 30 16.52548

Table 2: Coordinate Conversion (4 Corners of Boundary and 2 DIC of Lot 51

14
 Fig 4: Location of Boundary Marks in Google Map

ii. Observation and Measurement. Once all the station are identified, we start
the survey process and use line 2-1 as a Datum and completed all the observation as
per diagram below.

Fig 5: Initial bearing and distance without any adjustment

15
iii. Booking of Field Book.

The recording data in Filed Book as per attach in Appendices V. Bearing and
distance observation are recorded with carefully, neat and systematic in field book
with DSMM specific format.

iv. Computation.

After all field work have been done, the data will be compute and traverse
adjustment are need to be done before produce an output data which is Calculation
Volume (CV) and Certified Plan (CP). All the computation and results are shown
in next chapter 6 – Results. In detail, the computation need to be done as follow:

(1) Checking of means of field observations.

(2) Calculate or checking the solar observation.
(3) Reduced all data in the FB.
(4) Applied C and M correction.
(5) Calculate Final Bearing (FB) and Final Distance (FD).
(6) Latitude and Departure Calculation.
(7) Compute traverse precision (linear misclosure) that must not below
than 1:8000
(8) Adjustment Latitude and Departure using Bowditch method.
(9) Calculate Final coordinates.
(10) Calculate Area using Double Meridian Distance (DMD) method.
(8) Sketch a complete traversing diagram and lot.

16
6.0 RESULTS

6.1 Differential Field Test (DFT).

Base on the data processing, as per shown in Field Book data at Appendices I, the reading
for DFT as follows:

Stn Bearing/Angle F Line T Verical Distance Temp Final

Face Face Mean r Final o Angle (m) Distance
Left Right o Bearing (m)
m

Differential Field A B -H- 54.576 21/01/2021 54.576

Test
(54.576)

Pkt on Line A-B C A -H- 23.900 23.900

(23.900)

See Above (Space 2) C B -H- 30.680 30.680

(30.680)
C A 23.900
A B 54.580

Difference between (A to B) – [(C to A) + (C to B)] = 54.576 – (23.900 + 30.680)

= 54.576 - 54.580
= - 0.004 m

Since the different between AB and distance CA and CB is 0.004 m which is not exceed
the limit 10 mm, therefore the EDM instrument that we are going to use in surveying work
is in good condition and acceptable working order.

17
6.2 EDM Calibration
Base on the observation, a copy of EDM form as per attach in Appendices II while the
data and the calculation as follows:

Pillar Number Hor Std

Obs. Temp. Difference
Distance Distance
Time (°C) (A - B)
(A) (B)
From To
8:32:16 1 2 5.935 5.940 -0.005
8:33:09 1 3 11.888 11.903 -0.015
8:33:41 1 4 51.011 51.023 -0.012
8:34:36 1 5 89.084 89.097 -0.013
8:35:03 1 6 126.945 126.955 -0.010
8:35:36 1 7 166.020 166.007 0.013
8:36:26 1 8 203.467 203.457 0.010
8:36:56 1 9 256.186 256.198 -0.012
8:37:26 1 10 306.234 306.252 -0.018
8:39:20 2 3 5.953 5.963 -0.010
8:40:00 2 4 45.071 45.083 -0.012
8:40:21 2 5 83.147 83.157 -0.010
8:40:40 2 6 120.999 121.015 -0.016
8:40:59 2 7 160.057 160.067 -0.010
8:41:19 2 8 197.527 197.517 0.010
8:41:44 2 9 250.243 250.258 -0.015
8:42:24 2 10 300.324 300.312 0.012
8:42:27 3 4 39.130 39.120 0.010
8:42:20 3 5 77.208 77.194 0.014
8:42:45 3 6 115.065 115.052 0.013
TOTAL -0.076

Constant Error, C = Total Different (A – B) / No of Observation

= - 0.076 / 20
= - 0.0038 @ - 0.004 m

The results shown for constant error is - 0.004 m is within the acceptable constant error,
thus this instrument is in good condition and acceptable working order.

18
6.3 Solar Observation
We manage to get two set of observation reading below than 10”. The Solar Observation
Form as per attach in Appendices III. Thus we able to apply the true bearing (M –
Correction) from adopted bearing as shown in diagram and calculation result below:

Fig 6: Traverse using to assume bearing with C Correction

(79º 23’ 20”) at line 1-2.

After conducts a solar observation on the line 1-2. True bearing are calculate using M –
Correction formulae as follows:
[True bearing from solar] – [mean bearing of FB] (+ or -) [c – correction]
M = 79° 23’ 10” – 79º 23’ 20”
M = -10”
The Table 1 below shows the bearing already corrected with the orientation (M-
correction) after proving the true bearing using solar observation by M - 10”.

Line Bearing M – Correction Final Bearing

(with C – Correction) (nearest to 10”)
2
3 182º 58’ 45” M – 10” 182º 58’ 40”
4 268º 59’ 46” M – 10” 268º 59’ 40”
1 350º 31’ 10” M – 10” 350º 31’ 00”
2 79º 23’ 20” M – 10” 79º 23’ 10”

Table 2: Results for M-Correction

19
6.4 Traverse

The recording data in Filed Book as per attach in Appendices V. This part will show all the
data that been collected during the fieldwork and its calculation results for this project.
This will include all the survey data and the adjustment that applied for eliminate the
remaining error (linear measurement error) in the traverse network after C and M
correction (bearing and angle correction) was applied.

i. Bearing misclosure. Calculation of C – Correction as follows:

Formulae:
a. Measured bearing from closed bearing – initial bearing
b. C-Correction = - bearing misclosure/number of stations
Then
a. Line 1 – 2 read as 79º 22’ 54” (measured bearing from closed bearing)
b. Line 1 – 2 should be read 79º 23’ 20” (initial bearing)
c. Error for 4 stations = 79º 22’ 54” - 79º 23’ 20” = - 26”
d. C- Correction for each stations = -26”/4 = + 6.5” (Due to initial bearing
is larger than closed bearing than we need to add the value to each stations)
e. Result for C – Correction as shown in table below:

Stn Mean Bearing C –Correction Mean Bearing applied

Recorded (nearest to 1”) with C-Correction
2
3 182° 58’ 38” C + 7” 182° 58’ 45”
4 268° 59’ 33” C + (6.5” x 2) = 13” 268° 59’ 46”
1 350° 30’ 50” C + (6.5” x 3) = 20” 350° 31’ 10”
2 79º 22’ 54” C + (6.5” x 4) = 26” 79º 23’ 20”

Table 3: Results for C-Correction

ii. The bearing misclosure is -26” and according to the Pekeliling KPUP Bil.3/2003
that the bearing misclosure is accepted if it’s not more than 10” for each station and the
differences is maximum on under 1’15” bearing closed. We managed to get tolerance for
each stations 6.5” and achieve First Class survey.

20
 iii. Traverse Adjustment and Final Coordinates.
This is the adjustment proportional to line distances. It is adjusts the departures and
latitudes of traverse courses in proportion to their lengths. The calculation using Bowditch
Method as follows:

a. Correction of latitude for line 1-2

= − 𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒍𝒂𝒕 𝒎𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒙 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝟏 – 𝟐

b. Correction of departure for line 1-2

= − 𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒅𝒆𝒑 𝒎𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒔𝒖𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒙 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝟏 −2

Final Final
Line Lat Dep Adj Lat Adj Dep Coordinates
Bearing Dist
N/S E/W
1 -12103.883 -22006.418
2 79°23'10" 83.153 0.001 -0.002
15.316 81.730 15.317 81.728 --12088.566 -21924.690
3 182°58'40" 54.577 0.001 -0.003
-54.503 -2.835 -54.502 -2.838 -12143.068 -21927.528
4 268°59'40" 72.139 0.001 -0.002
-1.266 -72.128 -1.265 -72.130 -12144.333 -21999.658
1 350°31'00" 41.009 0.001 -0.003
40.449 -6.757 40.450 -6.760 -12103.883 -22006.418
Total 250.878 -0.004 0.010 0.000 0.000
Different
Table 4: Results for adjusted latitude and departure

iv. Linear Misclosure and Traverse Precision calculation as follows:

= √ (∆L) ² + (∆D) ² = √ (-0.004) ² + (0.010) ² = 0.011

= Total Distance/√ (∆L) ² + (∆D) ² = 250.878/0.011

= 22807.09091
= 1: 22807

v. From the table and calculation above, it shows that the traverse precision is 1:22807
where it’s within the tolerance and acceptable. It can be consider as the first class survey
because according to the Pekeliling KPUP Bil. 3/2003 where the Linear Misclosure to be
accepted must not less than 1:8000.

21
vi. Area Calculation using Double Meridian Distance (DMD) method.

Adj Lat Adj Dep 2x Lat x

Line Bearing Dist 2x Lat
N/S E/W Dep
1
2 79°23'10" 83.153 15.317 81.728 15.317 1251.814

3 182°58'40" 54.577 -54.502 -2.838 -23.868 67.735

4 268°59'40" 72.139 -1.265 -72.130 -79.635 5744.065

1 350°31'00" 41.009 40.450 -6.760 -40.450 273.457

Total 0.000 0.000 7337.072

Area Lot 51 = total of 2 x latitudes x departures / 2

= 7337.072 / 2
= 3668.535804
Area Lot 51 = 3669 m²

vii. After re-survey, the size of area we get for Lot 51 is 3669 m². Compare with the
old CP, which is 3669 m², the difference is 0.000 or less than 0.5%. Thus this survey work
is acceptable.

22
7.0 CADASTRAL OUTPUT DATA

7.1 Calculation Volume

The calculation volume (CV) is the summary report of cadastral calculation. The data and
information in the CV are extracted from the field book. The error needs to eliminate using
c-correction, m-correction and traverse adjustment as per shown in part 6.0 - Result before.
The data will be derived into the CV for DSMM and CV for private license surveyor. The
CV are attach separately in different folder along with this report.

7.2 Certified Plan

Certified Plan (CP) is prepared by following the format determined by the DSMM. The
CP for this project are attach separately in different folder along with this report.

23
8.0 CONCLUSION

8.1 Summary

Surveying is the technique, art and science of determining the terrestrial or three-
dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them. Surveying has
been an element in the development of the human environment since the beginning of
recorded history.

Surveying is among the most important profession in the whole world, and cadastral survey
provides several important illustrations of why this is. Many properties have considerable
problems with regard to improper bounding or miscalculations in past surveys, titles,
easements, and wildlife crossing. The result can be abutting properties not coinciding with
adjacent parcels, resulting in hiatuses and overlaps.

Having done the re-survey of land according to the rules and regulations stated,
incidentally enhancing our skill by hands-on experience of the process. Becoming
acquainted with what instruments should we use and how to use it. We have learned how to
carry out resurvey, how to record the data, determining the error of closure and several
calculations as stipulated in PUK 2002 and applying the appropriate procedures, format and
calculations preparing Calculation Volume and Certified Plan.

From this project, it can be summarize that it is a success. This is by dint of all the process
is in the allowable tolerance. For the differential field test, the different from our
calculation is only 4mm, which does not exceed the limit of 10mm whereas the EDM
calibration also within the acceptable constant error, with 4mm from 10mm limit. The solar
observation also has a difference of only four seconds, while the limit is 10 seconds. Lastly,
the traverse calculation ascertain that this project can be consider as first class survey
because of both the bearing misclosure and linear misclosure falls within tolerance. The
difference between area of the old CP and our CP is less than 0.5%, thus making this
survey work acceptable.

24
8.2 Individual Comments

FUAD AZIB NAJMI SHAHIRA HAZIQAH

Red Zone Survey Team

i. Muhammad Najmi bin Kamarudin (2020779689)

I believe practice leads to perfection. Therefore this practical classes is a good opportunity
for me to enhance myself despite the monotonous lecture method. By conducting survey
work in field I able to familiarizes myself with tools and equipment that are required to
conduct a survey and how important that all the instrument use must be in good condition
in order to provide precision and consistent data. During this practical class also I have
train myself in making an observation and recording of cadastral survey data correctly
according to DSMM procedure, rules and regulations. This is crucial to ensure all the
output data such as CP and CV is accurate and acceptable. In here also, I would like to
appreciate all my teammates. My team helps me a lot to inculcate social values like
sharing, cooperation, team spirit, compassion etc. Together, we are able to accomplish
this task. Not to forget, Sr Ahmad Norhisyam bin Idris, our nice and generous lecturer
which has guide us especially in setting up the instruments, following the right procedure
of traversing, making an observation and made a calculation. Lastly, I do hope to learn
more about Cadastral in future.

25
ii. Muhamad Fuad (2020975019)

Having gone through two weeks of practical session really helps me develop as a student of
this course. In two weeks alone, I get a much larger input about this course in these past
two weeks than 10 weeks of online learning. I have come to realized that I still have
so much to learn and to practice if I want to succeed in this field. I am really thankful for
all the inputs Sr Norhisyam has taught us. He really gave his best and has gone through
the roof to spend his personal times to guide us. I am also so very thankful and also ate
the very same time also very grateful for all the wonderful support that my entire team had
actually been to me.

iii. Muhammad Azib bin Ahmad Zabid (2020987551)

In the past two weeks I have learned how to conduct a survey on an assigned site. There are
also lots of challenge when conducting the survey that we faced such as limited time and
the weather either rainy or burning under the sun. Despite that I realize that I need to
improve my skills when using a total station. For my teammates, I am satisfied with their
hard work and cooperation throughout the field work. I also would like to say thank you to
Sr Norhisyam for making time to teach us on-site. It does really help me to understand
more about Cadastral survey work.

iv. Nur Haziqah binti Abdul Razif (2020964357)

During this practical I have learned so many things. One of the important things that I
learnt is how to practice DFT and EDM calibration so that we know the EDM is still in
good condition or not before we start our survey work. The challenge that we faced is
weather because the rain was pouring when we were conducting traverse so it prevents us
to complete our work easily. Throughout this practical, I noticed that I need to be more
concentrate and clearly understand the work we going to do in order improve my skills. I
also want to thank my teammates because of their hard work, responsible and them willing
to work cooperatively to accomplish our project together. Thus, the result of the project we
work on together is succeed. Last but not least, I would like to appreciate and thank to the
vital role of this practical, our lecturer of Basic Cadastral Surveying Sir Ahmad Norhisyam
due to his guidance and constructive comment that make our practical succeed.

26
v. Nur Shahira Binti Shahlan (2020973525)

After doing this practical I was able to learn physically to conduct the survey work at the
site given, I also know how important to check the instrument whether it in good condition
or not, setting up the total station and prism physically by guide from our lecturer make me
more easier to follow the step and setting up instrument by myself. The challenge that we
faced during practical is the weather, that is always suddenly raining and also too hot to
handle make us need to stop for a while from doing our work and it also challenge because
of the limited time that given to us to complete every practical from this subject and the
other subject, that make us arrange our time properly in order to complete our practical
before the due date. By doing this practical, I realize that is need to improve my skills to
handle and collecting the data from total station and be more focus to conduct the
instrument while doing traversing. I appreciate and thank my teammates that always give
their best work and dedication in order to complete this practical. Last but not least, I
would like to appreciate and thank to our lecturer of Basic Cadastral Surveying Sir Ahmad
Norhisyam for making time for us to give a guide on site and teach us how to follow the
right procedure

27
 REFERENCES

DATO’ HAMID BIN ALI), D. (2003). PEKELILING KETUA PENGARAH UKUR DAN
PEMETAAN BIL. 3 TAHUN 2003. Retrieved February 2, 2021, from Website:
https://www.jupem.gov.my/jupem18a/assets/uploads/files/pekeliling/da25f-6.-pek-3-
2003. Pdf

DATO’ PROF. DR. ABDUL KADIR BIN TAIB, D. (2009). PEKELILING KETUA
PENGARAH UKUR DAN PEMETAAN BILANGAN 5 TAHUN 2009. Retrieved
February 2, 2021, from Website:
https://www.jupem.gov.my/jupem18a/assets/uploads/files/pekeliling/5b7e2pekkpupbi
l52009.pdf

DATO’ PROF. DR. ABDUL KADIR BIN TAIB, D. (2009). PEKELILING KETUA
PENGARAH UKUR DAN PEMETAAN BILANGAN 5 TAHUN 2009. Retrieved
February 2, 2021, from Website:
https://www.jupem.gov.my/jupem18a/assets/uploads/files/pekeliling/cb282-kpup-bil.-6-
2009.pdf

(JUPEM), D. o. (3 February, 2021). History and Background. Retrieved from Official Portal
Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia (JUPEM):
https://www.jupem.gov.my/page/history-and-background

JUPEM. (2002). PERATURAN UKUR KADASTER 2002. 33.

JUPEM. (2009). PERATURAN UKUR KADASTAR 2009 BIL 6. JUPEM.

Nordin, D. S. (2 March, 2016). Cadstral Template of Malaysia. Retrieved from Cadstral Template:
http://cadastraltemplate.org/malaysia.php

Pekeliling KPUP - JUPEM. (n.d.). Retrieved February 2, 2021, from

https://www.jupem.gov.my/halaman/pekeliling-kpup

28
 Appendices I

Data Recording for DFT

29
 Appendices II

EDM Calibration Form for each members

30
 Appendices III
SOLAR OBSERVATION FOR AZIMUTH

Observer : Fuad Day : Saturday Date : 30 Month : Jan Year : 2021

Station : 1 R.O. :2 F.B. : Pg. : Theodolite (Model) : 1 Division for Bubble -a :

Cos p  Sin  . sin 

Formula : Cos AZIMUTH  Level correction 
a
 R   L tan 
cos  . cos  8

For watches not within 3 G.T. =12h + L.A.T –

Time Horizontal Bubble Vertical minutes of standard time, Longitude - E
compute General Time 12h 00m
h m L.A.T
H m C.L R.O 79 23 20 L R
+
Origin Long.
08 43 109 47 41 L 72 56 55 Long -
Time
E
08 44 109 16 22 L 72 39 04
Equation of -
Time

Observation 1
G.T
08 45 C.R 289 17 38 L 287 32 24
Obs1
Interval
08 46 289 54 30 L 287 46 56
Stn Longitude +
Time G.T
Mean 1 R.O. 259 23 13
Obs2

H m Observation 1 Observation 2

Declination at
08 44 17 39 23 17 39 23
( ) hr U.T. N / S
Mean
17 25 50 Diff. + 00 00 31 00 00 37
Vertical
Refraction Decl. at time
Mean to Sun 109 34 03 02 40 17 38 52 17 38 46
& Parallax of obsn N / S
Adjusted
Mean to R.O. 79 23 17 17 23 10 Polar Dist = p 107 38 52 107 38 46
Vertical
H m C.L R.O 79 23 20 Latitude = Φ 03 03 53

08 51 110 07 41 71 02 24 Adj. Vert. = α 17 23 10 19 23 12

08 52 109 35 37 70 49 04 Comp. Azimuth 109 33 59 109 55 01

Observation 2

08 54 C.R 289 40 11 289 39 56 Obs. Azimuth 109 34 03 109 55 17

Diff =
08 55 290 17 38 289 53 46 00 00 04 00 00 15
Comp – Obsn
Mean 2 R.O. 259 23 27 Mean Obs. R.O 79 23 17 79 23 24

H m True R.O 79 23 13 79 23 09

08 53 Level -
Mean
19 25 34 Convergence -
Vertical
Refraction
Mean to Sun 109 55 17 02 22 Grid Brg R.O. 79 23 13 79 23 09
& Parallax
Adjusted Mean Grid
Mean to R.O. 79 23 24 19 23 12 79 23 11
Vertical Brg R.O
Coord. of Origin N/S 55960.950 Origin E/W 21759.480 Observed by : Muhammad Fuad

Coord. of Station N / S 12103.88 Station E/W 22006.42

Tot/Diff. N/S 68064.84 Tot/Diff. E/W 246.96 Date : 30 Jan 2021

Tot/Diff x 0.03256 + 00 36 45 Diff. in Long = Diff. x 0.03246 + 8” Muhammad Fuad

Computed by:
Lat. of Origin N/S 03 40 49 Diff. in Long x Sine Latitude = 0.4”

Latitude of Station N / S 03 03 53 Convergence E (-) / W (+) = 00 Date : 30 Jan 2021

C.L - Circle Left R.O - Reference Object G.T - General Time

C.R - Circle Right L.A.T - Local Apparent Time

31
 Appendices IV

Certified Plan (CP) for Lot 51 and 52

32
Appendices V- Data Recording from Field Book

33
34
Page Number: 01 Diagram at Page: 02

BEARING/ ANGLE LINE Distance

From To Vertical Final
Station Final Distance Temp. Between
Face Left Face Right Mean Stn. Stn. Angle (±) Distance
Bearing Sag
Differential Field Test A B -H- 54.576 21/1/2021 54.576
(54.576)

Pkt above Line A - B C A -H- 23.900 23.900

(23.900)

See above (space 2) C B -H- 30.680 30.680

(33.680)
C A 23.900
A B (Jumlah) 54.580
Datum From PA9956 259 23 20 2 259 23 10 1 91 26 03 83.144 22/1/2021 83.144
M - 10” BKL BKL (268 34 02) (83.144)

1 259 23 20 79 23 20 182 58 38 2 182 58 40 3 54.577 54.577

C+ 7” BKL BKL (54.577)
2
3 182 58 38 02 58 37 M - 10”

2 02 58 38 182 58 38 268 59 33 3 268 59 40 4 72.139 72.139

C+ 13” BKL BKL (72.139)
3
4 268 59 30 88 59 35 M - 10”

2 02 58 38 182 58 38 169 43 50 3 169 43 40 5 56.778 56.778

M - 10” BKL BKL (56.778)
3 5 169 43 52 349 43 48

35
Page Number: 02 Diagram at Page: Nil

BEARING/ ANGLE LINE Distance

From To Vertical Angle Final
Station Distance Temp. Between
Face Left Face Right Mean Stn. Final Bearing Stn. (±) Distance
Sag

N
2

Bandar Shah Alam

Tanpa Skala

3
4

36
Page Number: 03 Diagram at Page: 04

BEARING/ ANGLE LINE Distance

From To Vertical Final
Station Distance Temp. Between
Face Left Face Right Mean Stn. Final Bearing Stn. Angle (±) Distance
Sag
4 00 00 10 260 44 21 3 169 43 40 5 56.778 56.778
3 268 59 33 BKL BKL (56.778)
5 260 44 31 169 43 54
M - 10”
3 88 59 33 268 59 33 350 30 50 4 350 31 00 1 41.009 41.009
C+ 20” BKL BKL (41.009)
4 1 350 30 47 170 30 52 M - 10”

3 See Above (space 2) 186 11 47 4 186 11 40 6 55.361 55.361

M - 10” BKL BKL (55.361)
4 6 186 11 42 06 11 52

1 00 00 10 195 40 54 4 186 11 30 6 55.361 55.361

350 30 50 BKL BKL (55.361)
4
6 195 41 04 186 11 44
M - 10”
4 170 30 50 350 30 50 79 22 54 1 79 23 10 2 83.153 83.153
C+ 26” BKL Adp. Az with BKL (83.153)
1 2 79 22 53 259 22 54 M - 10” Solar

Line 1 - 2 Read as 79 22 54
Line 1 - 2 Should be read 79 23 20
Error for 4 Stations - 26”
C- Correction for each stations + 6.5”

Line 1 - 2 Read as 79 23 20
Adp. Az with Solar 79 23 10
M- Correction - 10”

37
 Page Number:
BEARING/ ANGLE LINE Distance
04
From To Vertical Angle Final
Station
Face Left Face Right Mean Stn. Final Bearing Stn. (±)
Distance Temp. Between
Distance Diagram at Page:
Sag
Nil
N
2

Bandar Shah Alam

Tanpa Skala
3
4

6 5

38
 Appendices VI- Diary of Work

Ser Date Time Activities Remarks

1 21/1/21 1100 Briefing at the site by lecturer.
Demonstration of setting up
2
instrument by the lecturer. We couldn’t start the
Finding boundary marks on the traversing yet due to
3 ground using GPS apps in our raining at the afternoon.
smartphone.
4 1500 Conduct DFT at line 2-3.
Demonstration of recording data in
5 22/1/21 1100
field book by lecture.
6 1400 Execute traverse work. We managed to measure
all stations in one day.
7 1600 Calculate for C-correction Initial data obtain are
within tolerance.
It’s taken almost a week to
get the mean data below
25/1/21
0800 - Making an Solar Observation at Line than 10” due to raining day
8 until
1700 1–2 and difficulty to observe
30/1/21
the sun that blocked by
cloudy clouds
We managed to obtain data
for new coordinates of
Made a calculation for M-correction
9 31/1/21 0900 each stations and total area
and traverse adjustment.
of lot 51 we get are within
tolerance
All of us are struggle due
to limited time provided
1/2/21
and at the same time the
10 until Prepare the full report
final assessment has
10/2/21
started. But we managed to
accomplish the task.

39
Demonstration by lecture Sr Ahmad Norhisyam bin Idris

Weather are one of the biggest challenger for surveyor

40