SEO and Technical Writing
SEO and Technical Writing
Contents
Introduction 4
SEO Tips for Technical Writers 5
Just Write 6
Use Links 7
Add Meta Tags 7
Create Human-Readable URLs 8
Minimize Page Load Time 9
Conclusion 9
Conclusion 37
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Introduction
Nowadays, technical documentation is created online for many
reasons:
● users can get access easily via any device;
● content is more user-friendly - you can add videos, gifs, and
interactive elements to help readers get the main idea fast;
● online documentation tools make technical writers life easier -
a doc team can write, edit and design documentation from
anywhere around the world;
● your documentation can be used as a marketing tool.
In this ebook1, we'll talk about the last point - how to get the most
SEO effect of your online documentation as software documents and
user guides don’t only help convey a technical writer's ideas to an
audience, but also make way to marketing opportunities. From this
ebook you’ll learn:
● SEO tips for technical writers.
● How to use Google Analytics in technical writing.
● Tips on improving your online documentation to make it
SEO-friendly.
1
Disclaimer: This e-book is designed for information purposes only. The publisher and the author(s)
is not engaged to render any type of psychological, legal, or any other kind of professional advice.
The content of each article is the sole expression and opinion of its author(s) and publisher. No
warranties or guarantees are expressed or implied with this e-book. Neither the publisher nor the
individual author(s) shall be liable for any physical, psychological, emotional, financial, or commercial
issues, including, but not limited to, special, incidental, consequential or other issues. You are
responsible for your own choices, actions, and results that might arise due to the use or misuse of this
e-book.
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Things like DevOps and Agile create more opportunities for
cross-team collaboration. And, that’s what is required of any
business now - smoother seamless product delivery. Technical
writers are a huge part of this puzzle, and, finally, some real merge is
happening due to technical documentation being available online.
The same rules apply to online docs as to any other form of written
content on, say, your corporate website. Meaning that the SEO
benefits documentation can bring should be taken seriously.
Here are SEO tips and lifehacks to help you discover the full potential
of online user manuals in this regard.
Just Write
Well, that can’t really count as a tip, but, it is important to emphasize
that as soon as you post your technical documentation online, it
starts working for your benefit in more ways than one. For example,
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if you are using ClickHelp to deliver online manuals, you can rest
assured that all your help topics are indexed by Google and other
major search engines. What is documentation in terms of SEO? A pile
of the best keywords you can find for a product. So, when indexed
properly, a user manual becomes a real keyword generator.
Use Links
The way modern documentation works, you won’t even need to think
about linking pages too much - you will be doing this by default. Links
are essential for user manual navigation, so, hopefully, you already
have a nicely woven net of links inside your online documentation
portal. Here’s what’s important, though - you can and, in fact, you
should add external links to your technical documentation. Adding
links to your corporate website, for example, is a great idea that can
bring more traffic.
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Page load time is an important SEO factor taken into account by
search engines. In general, documentation portals are more
lightweight than edgy and complex corporate websites, but still,
there are certain risks we should be mindful of. Screenshots and
other images can make loading your user manuals significantly
slower. Don’t forget to set up a size limit for images and add them to
your documentation plan or style guide.
Try avoiding longer help topics. This will give you the best of both
worlds, really: better SEO as pages load faster and portioned
easier-to-comprehend help topics.
Conclusion
You can definitely combine various tools to get great results for your
business. And, we hope we’ve proven to you that technical writing
can indeed be a great SEO tool.
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Google Analytics is traditionally an SEO and marketing tool. These
departments are known to take advantage of this product daily to
track multiple data and come up with conclusions regarding whether
their current strategy is any good.
Technical writers have their own stats to pay attention to. They are
mostly connected with internal stuff, everything along the lines of
project management. But there's more to it.
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Doc team managers are paying a lot of attention to the progress
being made within a project, and what individual stats of the team
members show. Knowing how well and fast this or that technical
writer does certain types of job, how much there is left to edit, etc. -
things like that help project managers make the right choice when
assigning tasks to people. Especially if we are talking about handling
important and urgent stuff.
By the way, seems like artificial intelligence is going to make this
particular task of allocating resources much easier in the foreseeable
future - technologies are being tested and developed that learn
behavior patterns. After a machine gets enough data, it will be able
to distribute tasks automatically among team members based on
previous choices, so all routine actions might be automated and
won't require serious human participation.
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Well, there's that. But, this kind of statistical data is but a small
fraction of things to analyze and use to improve technical
documentation. There's a different approach built over stats related
to end-users. And, Google Analytics is an awesome tool for that.
As you are probably aware, GA deals with external data as opposed
to the stats within a doc team we've mentioned earlier. In GA, you get
to learn things like page views, time spent on a page, bounce rate.
These numbers can be interpreted and used for long term planning
as well as quick fixes.
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That's only scratching the surface of ways to apply Google Analytics.
But this is already a lot.
Another feature that adds real value to Google Analytics is its ability
to provide an overview of your average reader. That's important to
know for sure.
With all that said, remember, technical writers don't have to be data
gurus, especially around such concepts like a target audience - they
can (and, in fact, they should) get this information by collaborating
with other teams. The teams that have a more profound
understanding of your target audience, such as the marketing team,
for example.
GA creates solid grounds for team collaboration that can be really
beneficial for your company in many ways. And, it is not just about
the target audience, although this aspect is huge on its own, deeper
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Conclusion
Quite an important point to mention - Google Analytics has free and
paid versions. As a technical writer, don't even think about buying
the paid one. First, it costs a ton of money, second, you won't be able
to dig deep enough to use all its features. It was made with serious
analytical processes in mind, so let's leave it to the pros.
The free version of Google Analytics is over and above what you
might need in terms of stats. Work out how you can use it to your
advantage.
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Introduction
With online documentation, we can now use SEO tools and
approaches to add visibility to online docs. This visibility, in its turn,
will certainly improve your products and company visibility on the
web. This works because the online documentation articles typically
have all the right terms and good cross-page links. At that, there are
several SEO-related techniques that improve the result even further.
Human-Readable URLs
The words put to URLs of web pages are very important to search
engines (as we mentioned above). In certain cases, these words are
more important than the page contents. If you don't have the right
terms in the online documentation topic URLs, this is going to lower
the SEO effect significantly. For example, this can happen if you have
only numeric identifiers in the topic URLs, instead of meaningful text.
Besides, people will also be more comfortable clicking a link that says
something more than just a numeric identifier.
At that, to give a help topic a readable URL, you don't have to think
much - most topics have titles, which can be used as the basis for the
URLs.
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Crawler-Friendly Pages
Web crawlers used by search engines request web pages by URL. At
that, most of the search spiders do not run any scripts when
loading pages...
It's like when you disable scripts in your web browser and browse
pages. If some pages heavily rely on scripts to render their contents,
the web crawlers may get incomplete or incorrect page contents.
This makes your SEO efforts of very little value to the end result.
This does not mean that you can't use scripts in your online
documentation. Scripts may give some nice functions and visual
effects to the help topic contents. At that, it certainly makes sense to
have a script-free version of those pages for the search engines to
properly index the contents. In ClickHelp, we have put the needed
attention to these specifics and made sure the web crawlers get the
topic contents properly. So, when using ClickHelp to create online
documentation, you don't need to bother about web crawlers not
running scripts.
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First of all, the "keyword" attribute for the Meta element is
designed especially for Search Engines. For example, <meta
name="keywords" content="technical writing tool, documentation tool"/>
informs Search Engines, that this webpage contains information
about tools for technical writing and documentation authoring. But
most SE doesn’t consider it nowadays. In particular, Google doesn’t
consider it since September 2009.
Another purpose of the meta attribute is to help users find some
materials grouped by one theme. It makes navigation easier. In this
case, keywords are automatically displayed on some block on a
webpage. It’s the main purpose of keywords today.
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So, when setting up your Keywords for a help topic, you are getting
two good things: the Index tab will use them for easier navigation,
and the ClickHelp SEO engine will use them for the Keywords meta
tag.
Google Analytics
Analytical data can be used later for various purposes and making
decisions for future website optimization.
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You can find the Web Property ID on your Google Analytics account
homepage or in the Admin section:
In ClickHelp, you can easily connect your online documentation to
your Google Analytics account, and get all the nice statistical
information free of charge.
In simplest implementations, the address bar of the browser does
not change during AJAX navigation. New content is programmatically
put on the page, but no real navigation happens in terms of the web
browser. So, if you want to link to a specific topic of such online
documentation, and you just copy the current page URL, it will
probably point to some “home page” of the system.
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An easy solution would be changing the URL from JavaScript when
dynamic navigation happens. However, this has been impossible
until recently when browsers started to support HTML 5.
Human readers are typically smart enough to figure out how to
navigate to another page, but web crawlers are not that smart.
Search engines will just traverse the page contents to find links to
other pages and request those pages. If the links are handled by
JavaScript, they may not have working URLs specified at all, just a
JavaScript handler with some page identifier passed as a parameter.
For example, such links may look like this:
On the other hand, when anchor tags are used, the actual URLs are
present in the HTML code, and everything seems to be fine. These
links typically look like this: <
a href=“page.html#anchor1”>
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With the proper AJAX navigation handling, you are making sure the
SEO effect of your online documentation is strong enough to add
visibility to your company, and your website.
Content Order
First of all, the beginning of the text is very important for search
engines. Therefore, this part of any text must contain keywords and
basic information about the content.
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Secondly, search engines pay attention to the order of words in
phrases. Phrases that exactly match the keywords are ranked higher.
But the order of the words should be natural. Otherwise, penalties
may be applied to the rank by the search engines.
So, if we want the online documentation to bring the maximum value
for the company visibility, we need to make sure the structure of the
content and the order of words are given the needed attention.
Apparently, a good document structure is helpful for the readers as
well, so you have, at least, two strong reasons to approach the
document planning task with proper attention.
In ClickHelp, there is a useful feature related to the content order -
the branding functionality. You may wonder how branding is related
to the content order. You can configure a number of branding
options to make your online documentation portal use your
company’s visual style. And among those options, you can configure
the header logo that is displayed for every online document, its “alt
text”, and specify a URL of some target page. Typically, this is the URL
of your company website, and your company or product logo. And it
is very nice that this link appears at the top of every page in your
documentation portal - this will be perceived by web crawlers as
important information, and it is!
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As ClickHelp provides a wide range of branding options, you can
design your portal as you wish without strong CSS knowledge. You
can learn more examples from our P ortal Gallery.
Robots.txt
All these tasks are performed by the robots.txt file. It is just a text
file of a specific format, and you put it on your website (to the main
directory) so that the web crawlers know how to properly index the
web site contents. The full specification of this file format can be
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Please note: the robots.txt file is not a way to protect sensitive
pages, it is just a set of directions web crawlers may follow to make
sure they index useful content and not service pages. The pages you
restrict in the file will remain accessible by direct URLs, but will not be
indexed.
When it comes to online documentation tools or the tools that just
publish documentation on the web, there are also pages you would
like not to be indexed to avoid confused readers when they come to
a page that was not supposed to be directly accessed from the
search results. This may be login pages, error pages, printer-friendly
versions of documents, document property pages, user profiles, etc.
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Lazy-Loading Images
It's not a secret for anyone that the mobile Internet can be quite
slow. The page loading speed is very important for mobile-oriented
pages. And it's not a secret either that Google is using the site speed
as an SEO factor. Also, it is well-known that people tend to leave a
web site if it does not open within 3 seconds. As you can see, there
are plenty of reasons to improve the page loading speed.
There are a lot of ways to improve the performance of your web
pages. But lowering the content size and the number of requests is
probably the things you should do first. Or, second. The first step is
to enable server-side traffic compression and caching, but those
are trivial things that leave no space for a creative approach.
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If your pages are heavy, they probably have many beautiful images,
and you don't want to remove those as a way to improve the page
loading speed. But how do you decrease your web page initial load
time, downloaded content size and the number of requests - all in
one, and without removing those nice pictures?
When a web page opens, visitors see only the first part of it. They
don't see anything below the fold. What if you could tell the browser
not to load those images from the server until it needs to display
them? Those may be big screenshots or small icons - if you have a lot
of them, they are all speed killers. And the solution is loading the
images on demand, or, as they say, lazy-loading the images.
Before we start, here is an important note on the SEO side of
lazy-loaded images: neither of the approaches described in this post
provide proper image indexing. However, our recommended
approach, unlike others, allows people with disabled scripts to see
the images. Also, it gives crawlers a chance to see the image if they
ever bother to index background images. However, there is a
separate solution for image indexing: you can use image sitemaps to
force web crawlers to index your images. So, first of all, you need to
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decide whether the images you are going to lazy-load are important
for your web site and whether image sitemaps are an acceptable
solution for you. It all depends on your specific scenario, but the
negative SEO effect of poor page performance may be more
significant than that of the non-indexed images.
If you are still reading this, you seem to be serious about the
lazy-loading approach. OK, good! So, here are the most common
magic tricks commonly used when implementing lazy loading.
Is it a good solution? No. And here is why. Web crawlers and visitors
with JavaScript disabled in the browser (some people say they do not
exist, but we saw one of them last week) will never see your image if
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you do it this way. Besides, it might be against your markup creation
rules to use custom attributes. Also, there is always a chance this will
not work, because official support for custom "data-" attributes have
only been i ntroduced in HTML 5.
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Note: we did not specify the display:none style, and we did not
declare the lazyImg CSS class anywhere. This makes the image visible
by default, if no script runs.
Web pages are compiled from top to bottom, so this will guarantee
that the image will not be loaded for people having JavaScript
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Important: Do not apply the display:none style to the DIV. If you do
this, the code below (for image visibility detection) will not work
properly, because the offsetTop property of the element will be zero.
Basically, that's it for the creative part. But to make the solution
complete, let us also implement the JavaScript logic which is similar
for any of the approaches we mentioned above.
The idea is simple: by default, your browser will generate lots of
onscroll events for a single smooth scroll action. So, we only set a
flag in the onscroll event and check for the flag ten times per second.
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Warning: It is not that simple for mobile browsers. A number of
experiments demonstrate that mobile browsers fire the onscroll
event only when the scrolling ends, but not during the process, and
there is no proper workaround for this. So, you will not see
lazy-loaded images until you stop scrolling on mobile devices.
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return res;
}
lazyImages = getElementsByPartOfClassName(" lazyImg");
5. Check which images are visible above-the-fold.
Now, it is time to write some code into our window.onscroll handler.
function onWindowScroll()
{
if ( i sScrolled)
{
isScrolled = false;
var scrollTop = window.p ageYOffset ? window.p
ageYOffset :
window.scrollTop ? window.s crollTop : 0 ;
for ( v ar i =
0; i < lazyImages.l ength; i++)
{
if (s crollTop + document.d ocumentElement.clientHeight -
lazyImages[i] .offsetTop > 0 )
{
lazyImages[i ].className =
lazyImages[i] .className.r eplace("lazyImg");
}
}
}
}
❖ If the image is above the browser window bottom border
(above-the-fold), we remove the lazyImg class from it. As a
result, the original image specified in the markup is loaded as a
background and the image is thus delay-loaded.
As a conclusion, here is the full code of the solution in the order in
which it should appear on your web page:
<head>
<!--The original content of the head tag goes here-->
<s cript type="text/javascript">
document.write("< style>.lazyImg{background-i mage:n one
!important;}</style>" ) ;
</script>
</head>
<!--Some page content goes here...-->
<div c lass=" lazyImg"
style=" background-image:url('/images/screenshot.p ng’);width: 500px;
height: 300px"></div>
<!--Some more page content goes here...-->
<script src="/delay-load.js">
</script>
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Conclusion
Online documentation can be a powerful boost for your marketing
and business. However, keep in mind that SEO-friendly doesn’t mean
that your documentation should look like a list of keywords to make
it more searchable. SEO is just a tool, not a goal, and the best way to
make your docs SEO-friendly is to write relevant and high-quality
content, create human-readable URLs, minimize page load time and
the like that we’ve described above to make your users read your
manuals gladly since the main point for Google is how readers react
to your webpages.
In order to improve your technical writing, subscribe to our blog and
follow us on Facebook, Twitter, Medium, Telegram to learn more
stories in this regard.
Here are other free ebooks which you may find useful:
● Responsive Layouts: Getting Started Guide
● HTML Templates for User Manuals
● Technical Writer Career Guide
● Types of Technical Documentation
● Technical Writing: Readability and Text Metrics
Good Luck with your technical writing!
ClickHelp Team
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