Principles of Communication

Communication Skills 2
1
Principles of Communication
Module 004 Principles of Communication
This module discusses the following topics:

1. The different principles of Communication
2. The application of different principles of communication
Before we delve in to oral communication, let us first go through the

principles of communication. Knowing these would make it easier for us to
understand how to properly and adequately communicate with others.
1. Schemata- driven
The process of communication makes you either the sender or receiver. By
taking one of the roles above, you will activate your schemata, background,
or experiences.
Schemata or schemas provide a basis on how we relate to ideas, concepts,

and events based on past experiences. Prior experiences give meaning to
conveyed messages.  Having no previous experience nor idea will only resort
pronouncing or sounding the words.  No experience of any communicative
act will trigger views, feelings, or ideas. 
2. Interpretative act
Communication is an interpretative act. The exact meaning of the message
being transmitted is known only by the sender or speaker. The sender has
the absolute idea of what the meaning of the message is. The receiver can
only interpret, guess or infer based on how it appeals to his/her sense of
hearing.
3. Communication is active, forceful or powerful 

In a communicative act, there will always be different effects to the
participants. Any message conveyed may have various interpretations
because of cultural, ideological, and environmental factors. What is rude in
one culture can be perceived as something acceptable in another. For
example, in western countries, calling an adult not related to you by their
first name is acceptable; yet, in the Philippines, this is rude. You need to use
Course Module
their titles or (i.e. Attorney, Miss, Mrs., teacher, etc.) general terms showing
respect (i.e. auntie, kuya, tito, etc.) when you call refer to them or call them by
their name.
4. Communication is Symbolic
 Signs, symbols, letters, graphs, pictures, etc. are concrete objects that stands
for or represents an idea. Non-verbal communication, on the other hand,
expresses ideas through gestures, voice pitch, posture, facial expression,
time, and space.
5. Communication always result in something

Two or more persons usually participate in any communicative act. One
sends the message while another reacts to the message. As a transactional
process, communication creates an effect on the involved parties. It will elicit
either a verbal or non-verbal response.
6. Communication is irreversible
The adage “Think before you click” suggests that you go over any message or
idea before posting it on your social networks or messages. The same
concept should also be applied to the other forms of communication. With
oral communications, the moment you utter the words to convey your
message already creates an impact to listeners.  Attempts to reverse, restore,
or recreate the original mood or setting before these words were
spoken would  be irrevocable. The discipline of mulling over your thoughts
before translating them into words can help avoid any instances which may
cause problems directly or indirectly.
7. Communication is contextual
Idea exchanges between the sender and the receiver involves communication
setting like time, occasion, purpose or manner of communication. Consider
cultural differences when communicating to avoid any negative impact due
to the effects of the factors above.
8. Communication is Progressive
Communication is a process you learn from birth and continues to evolve as
time passes by. Communicative competence is not learned in one sitting.  You
go through different levels as you strive to improve your abilities to interact
with other people. 
9. Communication is a process
Several stages of communication take place when people convey and
exchange ideas with one another. Each stage differs from the other. Elements
or components work in a coordinated manner the complete the process.
10. Communication is ethical

A communicative event is expected to follow rules, values, and beliefs agreed
upon by members of society. These standards determine which cultural
group you belong to. Going against these conventions make the interaction
with others wrong or unethical. 
Examples can be read here: Don’t give a thumbs-up sign in Russia and other
hand gesture facts (Schwertly, 2014).
Communication Skills 2
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11. Communication is Influenced by technology and media

Communication in the current age of technology is characterized by the
instant, real-time exchange of knowledge, messages, and services. 
The rapid speed of communication influences how people construct their
messages and what platform the use to send their messages.
References
Diaz, Rafaela Hernandez. (2014). Speech and Oral Communication for College
Students, Revised Edition. Quezon City: National Bookstore
“Business Communication for Success” (2012). Saylor Academy Retrieved
from https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_business-communication-
for-success/
Course Module

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Communication Skills 2

Module 004 Principles of Communication

This module discusses the following topics:

Before we delve in to oral communication, let us first go through the

Schemata or schemas provide a basis on how we relate to ideas, concepts,

3. Communication is active, forceful or powerful

5. Communication always result in something

10. Communication is ethical

11. Communication is Influenced by technology and media

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