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Homework Solution 3

This document contains solutions to selected problems from the homework of a real analysis class. It solves problems 1, 4, and 6. For problem 1, it proves the equivalence of three conditions for measures to be regular. For problem 4, it provides two solutions showing a set has measure zero. For problem 6, it constructs a generalized Cantor set with the desired properties to satisfy the problem statement.

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WILFREDO BACILIO ALARCoN
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69 views2 pages

Homework Solution 3

This document contains solutions to selected problems from the homework of a real analysis class. It solves problems 1, 4, and 6. For problem 1, it proves the equivalence of three conditions for measures to be regular. For problem 4, it provides two solutions showing a set has measure zero. For problem 6, it constructs a generalized Cantor set with the desired properties to satisfy the problem statement.

Uploaded by

WILFREDO BACILIO ALARCoN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Math 240A: Real Analysis, Fall 2015

Solution to Selected Problems of Homework 3

Xiudi Tang
University of California, San diego
October 24, 2015

Solution to Problem 1. Theorem 1.19 in Real Analysis, Second Edition by Gerald B. Folland.
(b) or (c) =⇒ (a) is by the completenessSof µ.
∞
Consider (a) =⇒ (b) and (c): Let R = j=1 Ij with {Ij } mutually disjoint µ-finite sets. For
each µ-finite set Ej := E ∩ Ij , by Theorem 1.18 there are an open Umj and a compact Kmj such
that
1 1
µ(Umj \ Ej ) ≤ j , µ(Ej \ Kmj ) ≤ j .
2 m 2 m
S∞ 1
T∞
Therefore, Um := j=1 Umj is open and µ(Um \E) ≤ m , V := m=1 Um ∈ Gδ and µ(V \E) = 0;
T∞ S∞
Kj := m=1 Kmj is compact and µ(Kj \ Ej ) = 0, H := j=1 Kj ∈ Fσ and µ(E \ H) = 0.
This is the special case for regularity conditions of Radon measures. Outer regularity by open
sets is valid for any measurable set but inner regularity by compact set only works for sets with
finite measures.

Solution #1 to Problem 4. Exercise 1.29 in Real Analysis, Second ` Edition by Gerald B. Folland.
a. Let R = Q ∩ [0, 1) and for each r ∈ R let Er = ((E + r) (E + r − 1)) ∩ [0, 1) then by
invariance under translations of Lebesgue measure, m(Er ) = m(E), and {Er | r ∈ R} consists of
pairwise disjoint subsets of [0, 1) since E ⊂ N . Hence
X X 
m(E) = m(Er ) < m [0, 1) = 1.
r∈R r∈R

So m(E) = 0.
b. Assume, on the contrary, every E ∩ Nr is measurable, from Part a. µ(E ∩ Nr ) = 0, so
X
m(E) = m(E ∩ Nr ) = 0.
r∈R

Contradiction!
Solution #2 to Problem 4. Exercise 1.29`in Real Analysis, Second Edition by Gerald B. Folland.
a. We know E ⊂ [0, 1). Let E1 = (E (E − 1/2)) ∩ [0, 1/2), where the union is disjoint for
E ⊂ N . We have E1 ⊂ [0, 1/2) and µ(E) = µ(E1 ) < 1/2. Inductively we conclude µ(E) is bounded
by any negative integer power of 2 so m(E) = 0.
b. Same as Solution #1.

1
Solution to Problem 6. Construct a generalized Cantor set K with the sequence {αj }∞ j=1 of
Q∞
numbers in (0, 1) satisfying j=1 (1 − αj ) = 1 − α, then let E = [0, 1] \ K. There are so many
P∞
possible such sequences in fact if j=1 βj = − ln(1 − α) is such a convergent series of positive
numbers, then let αj = 1 − e−βj .

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