Mark Scheme (Results)

November 2020

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE

In Chemistry (4CH1) Paper 2CR
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Autumn 2020
Publications Code 4CH1_2CR_2011_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2020
General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same

treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in
exactly the same way as they mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates
must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do
rather than penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme
not according to their perception of where the grade
boundaries may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be
awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if
deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark
scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award
zero marks if the candidate’s response is not worthy of
credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will
provide the principles by which marks will be awarded
and exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application
of the mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team
leader must be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the
candidate has replaced it with an alternative response.
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
1 (a) M1 A test tube / boiling tube 4
Grad
M2 B evaporating basin ALLOW evaporating
dish/crystallising dish
M3 C measuring cylinder

M4 D (top-pan) balance ALLOW (weighing) scale(s)

ALLOW weighing machine

(b) C 1
Comp
A is incorrect as a test tube cannot measure a
volume of liquid
B is incorrect as an evaporating basin cannot
measure a volume of liquid
D is incorrect as a balance measures mass not
volume

Total 5
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
2 (a) A 3 1
Comp
B is incorrect as there are not 6 electrons in the outer
shell of a thallium atom
C is incorrect as there are not 13 electrons in the
outer shell of a thallium atom
D is incorrect as 81 is the total number of electrons
in a thallium atom not the number in the outer shell

(b) B 78 1
Comp
A is incorrect as there are not 3 electrons in a
thallium ion
C is incorrect as 81 is the number of electrons in a
thallium atom not a thallium ion
D is incorrect as there are not 84 electrons in a
thallium ion

Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
2 (c) (i) M1 (number of protons) 81 ACCEPT eighty-one 2
Cl
M2 (number of neutrons) 124 ACCEPT one hundred and
twenty-four

(ii) • calculate sum of mass numbers multiplied 3

by percentage abundances Exp
• divide answer by 100
• give answer to one decimal place

Example calculation

M1 (203 x 30.8) + (205 x 69.2) OR 20438.4 ACCEPT 4, 5 or 6 sig fig

M2 20438.4 ÷ 100 OR 204.384 ACCEPT 5 or 6 sig fig

(203 x 0.308) + (205 x 0.692)

OR 204.384 with or without
working scores M1 and M2

M3 204.4 Correct answer to 1 d.p. with

or without working scores 3
marks

Total 7
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
3 (a) (i) M1 (bitumen) (surfacing) roads/(surfacing) roofs ALLOW other suitable 2
uses Exp

M2 (gasoline) petrol / fuel for cars/vehicles ALLOW other suitable

uses e.g. fuel for
cooking

(ii) An explanation that links the following two points 2

Exp
M1 column is cooler near the top than at the bottom ACCEPT column cool
ORA near the top and hot at
the bottom

ACCEPT temperature
decreases up the
column ORA

M2 gasoline has a lower boiling point than bitumen ACCEPT gasoline has a
(so is collected nearer the top) ORA low boiling point (so is
collected near the top)
and bitumen has a high
boiling point (so is
collected near the
bottom)

(b) (i) M1 alumina/silica (catalyst) ACCEPT Al2O3 / SiO2 2

/aluminium oxide Exp
/silicon dioxide
/aluminosilicate(s)
/zeolite(s)

M2 600 – 700 (oC) ACCEPT range or any

value within the range

ACCEPT correct
temperatures in other
units

(ii) C12H26 --> C7H16 + C2H4 + C3H6 ACCEPT answers in 2

either order Exp

M1 C2H4

M2 C3H6

Total 8
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (a) Any two of the following observations. 2
Exp
M1 (sodium) floats/moves on surface (of water)

M2 (sodium) melts/forms a ball

M3 (sodium) gets smaller/disappears ALLOW dissolves

M4 (sodium forms) white trail IGNORE references to

flame/heat released
/temperature increases

IGNORE fizzing
/effervescence

(b) (i) 2Li + F2  2LiF ALLOW multiples or 1

fractions Exp

IGNORE state symbols

even if incorrect

(ii) M1 flame test ALLOW description of 2

flame test Exp

M2 red (flame) ALLOW crimson /scarlet

REJECT orange-red/
brick red

(iii) M1 correct electron arrangement of lithium ion ACCEPT any 3

combination of dots and Exp
crosses

IGNORE empty second

shell

M2 correct electron arrangement of fluoride ion

Inner electron shell
required to score M2

M3 correct charges on both ions (with or without M3 not dep on M1 and

brackets) M2 correct
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
4 (c) An explanation that links three of the following four 3
points Exp

M1 the outer electron is further from the nucleus in ALLOW potassium

potassium / potassium has more shells/ potassium atom is bigger than a
has larger atomic radius ORA sodium atom

M2 there is more shielding (by the inner shells) in

potassium ORA

M3 there is less attraction between the outer electron

and the nucleus in potassium ORA

M4 (so outer) electron (in potassium) more easily lost outer electron needs to
ORA be mentioned at least
once in the answer for
full marks

Max 2 if no mention of
outer electron in the
answer

Total 11
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
5 (a) (i) A labelled diagram showing 2
Exp
M1 at least three rows of at least three cations/atoms in
a regular arrangement

M2 surrounded by (delocalised) electrons

Example of diagram
Max 1 if no labels

Minimum requirement
for 2 marks is + signs on
atoms and electrons
labelled or shown as e−

(ii) An explanation that links the following two points 2

Exp
M1 delocalised electrons IGNORE free
electrons/ sea of
electrons

M2 flow/are mobile/move/are free to move M2 dep on mention of

electrons

Any mention of
ions/atoms moving
scores 0

(b) Any two of the following properties 2

Exp
M1 low density ALLOW lightweight
IGNORE light

IGNORE less dense

M2 does not react with drink ALLOW does not

corrode/non-toxic

IGNORE does not rust

M3 malleable ALLOW easy to bend/

easy to shape

IGNORE references to
cost

IGNORE can be
recycled

IGNORE any irrelevant

properties e.g. high
melting/boiling point/
good conductor/ductile
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
5 (c) (i) aluminium/it is more reactive/higher in the reactivity ALLOW aluminium is 1
series than carbon ORA too reactive/too high in Grad
the reactivity series

(ii) electrons are gained (by aluminium ion/Al3+) ACCEPT oxidation state 1
of aluminium/Al is Exp
decreased/ changes
from +3 to 0

REJECT aluminium/Al
gains electrons

IGNORE references to
loss of oxygen

(iii) 2O2−  O2 + 4e(−) ACCEPT multiples and 2

fractions Exp
M1 correct formulae of products

M2 balancing of correct formulae M2 dep on M1

Total 10
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
6 (a) (i) pipette 1
Cl

(b) (i) M1 (colour in NaOH) pink ACCEPT magenta 2

Grad
ALLOW red

M2 (colour in HCl) colourless/no colour IGNORE clear

1 mark for two correct

colours in the wrong
order

(ii) There is no clear (colour change at the) end point/ ALLOW it has a range 1
difficult to determine which shade of green is pH 7 of colours Exp
OWTTE

Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
6 (c) (i) A description that makes reference to the following 2
two points Exp

M1 add 21.5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid

M2 to 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution

0 marks if mention of
adding indicator

ALLOW repeat the titration

without indicator for 1 mark

ALLOW the following

alternative method

M1 add activated charcoal

(to absorb the indicator)

M2 filter (to remove the

activated charcoal and
indicator)

M2 dep on M1
 (ii) A description that makes reference to the following Max 1 mark if solution 4
four points evaporated to dryness Exp

M1 heat the solution to evaporate some of the water/ If solution left to partially
to form a saturated solution/ to crystallisation point evaporate without heating
only M3 and M4 can be
awarded
M2 leave the solution to cool /leave the solution for
(more) crystals to form

M3 filter off the crystals

IGNORE references to
washing

M4 suitable method of drying the crystals e.g. dry between filter

papers/dry in a warm oven/
leave to dry

REJECT hot oven or direct

heating with Bunsen burner

No M4 if crystals are
washed after drying

6 (d) • calculate the amount, in moles, of NaOH correct answer without 3

• divide amount in moles by volume in dm3 working scores 3 marks Exp
• evaluation to obtain correct answer

Example calculation

M1 n(NaOH) = 0.0250 x 0.800 or 0.02(00)

M2 conc = (0.02 ÷ 0.0215) answer to M1 ÷ 0.0215

M3 0.930 ALLOW any number of sig

fig except 1

ALLOW ecf on M2
Total
13
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
7 (a) (i) sulfuric acid IGNORE references to 1
concentration Grad

ALLOW H2SO4

REJECT sulfurous acid

(ii) D orange to green 1

Comp
A is incorrect as the solution is not colourless at the
start of the reaction
B is incorrect as the solution is not green at the start
or orange at the end of the reaction
C is incorrect as the solution is not colourless at the
end of the reaction

(b) (i) • show the expression for the sum of the bond correct answer without 2
energies for the breaking of bonds working scores 2 Exp
• evaluation to give answer in kJ

Example calculation

M1 ∑ C-C + 5C-H + C-O + O-H + 3O=O

OR ∑ 346 + (5 x 412) + 358 + 463 + (3 x 496)

M2 4715 (kJ) - 1 mark for each error

(ii) • show the expression for the sum of the bond correct answer without 2
energies for the forming of bonds working scores 2 Exp
• evaluation to give answer in kJ

Example calculation

M1 ∑ 4C=O + 6O-H

OR ∑ (4 x 743) + (6 x 463)

M2 5750 (kJ) - 1 mark for each error

IGNORE any signs in (i)

and (ii)

(iii) (4715 – 5750 =) – 1035 (kJ/mol) minus sign must be 1

included Exp

ACCEPT – 1040
(kJ/mol)

ALLOW ecf on answers

to (i) and (ii)

If answers to (i) and (ii)

are reversed allow max
3 and ecf on (iii)
 Question
Answer Notes Marks
number
7 (c) (i) ethyl methanoate ALLOW ethyl formate 1
Grad
ALLOW words written
without gap

(ii) M1 ester linkage 2

Exp
O

− C − O−
M2 rest of molecule correct

M2 dep on M1

(iii) M1 forward and reverse reactions occur at the same 2

rate OWTTE Exp

M2 concentrations of reactants and products remain

constant

(d) • calculate amount in moles of HCOOH correct answer without 4

• use equation to find amount in moles of CO2 working scores 4 Exp
• multiply amount in moles of CO2 by molar
volume
• evaluation of answer in cm3

Example calculation

M1 n(HCOOH) = 2.3 ÷ 46 or 0.05(0)

M2 n(CO2) = 0.05(0) ÷ 2 or 0.025

M3 (volume of CO2) = 0.025 x 24 or 0.025 x 24000 No ecf from M1 and M2

if mass or Mr multiplied
by 24 /24000

M4 600 (cm3) ALLOW ecf from M3

0.6, 1200 and 2400

score 3
1.2 and 2.4 score 2
Total
16
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