ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS

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Properties and units:

1. A body has a mass of 2kg. What is the weight in Newton on Earth’s surface?
A. 19.6 N
B. 25.2 N
C. 12.2 N
D. 16.2 N
2. A force of 125 N is applied to a mass of 12 kg in addition to the standard gravitation. If the direction of
the force is vertical up find the acceleration of the mass.
A. 0.52 m/s2
B. 0.61 m/s2
C. 0.82 m/s2
D. 0.98 m/s2
3. When you move up from the surface of the earth the gravitation is reduced as g = 9.807 − 3.32 × 10 -6 z,
with z as the elevation in meters. How many percent is the weight of an airplane reduced when it cruises
at 11 000 m?
A. 0.52 %
B. 0.62%
C. 0.37 %
D. 0.91%
4. The mass of air in a room 3m X 5m X 20 m is known to be 350 kg. Determine the density, specific
volume, and specific weight.
A. Density = 1.167 kg/m3, Specific volume = 0.857 m3/kg and specific weight = 11.45 N/m3
B. Density = 1.32 kg/m3, Specific volume = 0.251 m3/kg and specific weight = 13.45 N/m3
C. Density = 1.42 kg/m3, Specific volume = 0.922 m3/kg and specific weight = 11.45 N/m3
D. Density = 1.51 kg/m3, Specific volume = 0.725 m3/kg and specific weight = 12.42 N/m3
5. A tank has two rooms separated by a membrane. Room A has 1 kg air and volume 0.5 m3, room B has
0.75 m3 air with density 0.8 kgm/m3. The membrane is broken and the air comes to a uniform state. Find
the final density of the air.
A. 1.28 kg/m3
B. 2.48 kg/m3
C. 2.02 kg/m3
D. 1.52 kg/m3
6. FE Examination (USA)
Consider a fish swimming 5 m below the free surface of water. The increase in the pressure exerted on
the fish when it dives to a depth of 45 m below the free surface is ________.
A. 392 Pa
 B. 9800 Pa
C. 50,000 Pa
D. 392,000 Pa
7. FE Examination (USA)
The atmospheric pressures at the top and the bottom of a building are read by a barometer to be 100 and
101.325 kPa. If the density of air is 1.18 kgm/m3, the height of the building is __________.
A. 17 m
B. 20 m
C. 170 m
D. 114 m
8. A piston has a mass of 4.3 kg and has a cross sectional area of 450 mm 2. Determine the pressure that is
exerted by this piston on the gas in the chamber. Assume gravitational acceleration 'g' to be 9.81 m/sec 2.
A. 93.7 kPa
B. 102.2 kPa
C. 150.1 kPa
D. 125.3 kPa
9.The lower half of a 10-m-high cylindrical container is filled with water (ρ= 1000 kgm/m3) and the upper
half with oil that has a specific gravity of 0.85. Determine the pressure difference between the top and
bottom of the cylinder.
A. 92.7 kPa
B. 90.7 kPa
C. 85.1 kPa
D. 99.7 kPa
10. An open manometer is used to measure the pressure in the water pipe. Determine the water pressure
if the manometer reading is 0.6m. The manometer liquid used is mercury which has a specific gravity of
13.6. Consider the pressure to be higher than atmospheric pressure.
A. 74.2 kPag
B. 85.0 kPag
C. 93.4 kPag
D. 102.2 kPag
11. Determine the temperature of a fluid when both a Fahrenheit and a Celsius thermometer are
immersed in it. If the Fahrenheit reading is numerically twice that of the Celsius reading. Express the
values in R and K.
A. 433 R and 480 K
B. 780 R and 433.3 K
C. 620 R and 460.2 K
D. 325 R and 525 K
12. The specific heat of a material is given in a strange unit to be C = 3.60 kJ/kg - R. The specific heat of
this material in the SI units of kJ/kg - K is ___________.
A. 2.00 kJ/kg-K
B. 3.20 kJ/kg-K
C. 3.60 kJ/kg-K
D. 6.48 kJ/kg-K
13. The heat rejection in a condenser resulted in a temperature reduction of 20 C o. This temperature rise
is equivalent to a temperature rise of _________.
A. 20°F
B. 52°F
C. 36 K
 D. 36 R
14. On a Strange temperature scale, the freezing point of water is -15oS and the boiling point is +60 oS.
What is the linear conversion equation between this temperature scale and the Celsius scale?
A. T(oC) = 1.333 oS + 20
B. T(oC) = 1.562 oS + 18
C. T(oC) = 1.251 oS + 15
D. T(oC) = 1.112 oS + 20
15.The temperature “t” on a thermometric scale is defined in terms of a property K by the relation t = a ln
K + b. Where a and b are constants. The values of K are found to be 1.83 and 6.78 at the ice point and
the steam point, the temperatures of which are assigned the numbers 0 and 100 respectively.
Determine the temperature corresponding to a reading of K equal to 2.42 on the thermometer.
A. 21.33 oC
B. 25.23 oC
C. 23.52 oC
D. 15.22 oC

Conservation of Mass
16. If it takes 12 seconds to empty a one-liter oil container, what is the mass flow rate of oil leaving the
container? Take the density of oil to be 850 kg/s.
A. 0.442 kg/s
B. 0.052 kg/s
C. 0.071 kg/s
D. 0.053 kg/s
17. Consider an 80-gallon hot water heater. Over a fifteen-minute time period hot water flows out of the
hot water heater at 0.75 kgm/s and cold water at 0.5 kgm/s flows into the hot water heater. How full (in
percent) is the hot water heater at the end of fifteen minutes? You may take the water temperature to be
85ºC. Note at density of water at 85oC = 968.2 kg/m3.
A. 15.3 %
B. 23 %
C. 35 %
D 42.3 %
18. Liquid water with a constant density of 1000 kgm/m3 enters a nozzle at the rate 10 L/min. The inlet of
the nozzle has a diameter of 1.50 cm, the diameter of the exit is 0.75 cm. Find the velocities of the water
at the inlet and exit.
A. v1 = 2.2 m/s and v2=3.37 m/s
B. v1 = 1.5 m/s and v2=3.25 m/s
C. v1 = 1.25 m/s and v2=4.25 m/s
D. v1 = 0.943 m/s and v2=3.77 m/s
19. A 12-gram piece of aluminum (cp = 0.215 cal/g-K) at 70°C is placed in a beaker that contains 35 grams
of water at 15°C. At what temperature will they come to thermal equilibrium?
A. 25.2 oC
B. 18.8 oC
C. 14.2 oC
D. 23.2 oC
20. A 30 grams of gas inside a cylinder fitted with a piston has a temperature of 15oC. The piston is moved
with a mean force of 200 N so that it moves 60 mm and compressed the gas. The temperature rises to 21 oC
as a result. Calculate the heat transfer given Cv = 718 J/kg-K.
A. 125.2 J
 B. 152.2 J
C. 185.9 J
D. 117.24 J
21. The contents of a well- insulated tank are heated by a resistor of 23 Ω in which 10 A current is flowing.
Consider the tank with its contents as a thermodynamic system. The work done by the system and the
heat transfer to the system are positive. The rates of heat (Q), work (W) and change in (∆U) during the
process in kW are __________.
A. Q=0, W=-2.3, ∆U =+2.3
B. Q=+2.3, W=0, ∆U =+2.3
C. Q=-2.3, W=0, ∆U =-2.3
D. Q=0, W=2.3, ∆U =-2.3
22. A 10-kg body falls from rest, with negligible interaction with its surroundings (no friction). Determine
its velocity after it falls 5 m.
A. 5.2 m/s
B. 8.2 m/s
C. 9.9 m/s
D. 25.2 m/s
23.A car of mass 1775 kg travels with a velocity of 100 km/h. Find the kinetic energy. How high should it
be lifted in the standard gravitational field to have a potential energy that equals the kinetic energy?
A. KE= 685 kJ; ∆h = 42.2 m
B. KE= 725 kJ; ∆h = 39.3 m
C. KE= 525 kJ; ∆h = 52.2 m
D. KE= 145 kJ; ∆h = 25.2 m
24. A 0.8-lbm object traveling at 200 ft/sec enters a viscous liquid and is essentially brought to rest before
it strikes the bottom. What is the increase in internal energy, taking the object and the liquid as the
system? Neglect the potential energy change.
A. 625 ft-lbf
B. 497 ft-lbf
C. 520 ft-lbf
D. 422 ft-lbf
25. A 14 300 kg airplane is flying at an altitude of 497 m at a speed of 214 km/h. Determine the airplane's
total mechanical energy.
A. 9.5 x107 J
B. 7.2 x107 J
C. 5.4 x107 J
D. 3.4 x107 J
1
26. The potential energy stored in a spring is given by 2K𝑥 2 , where K is the spring constant and 𝑥 is the
distance the spring is compressed. Two springs are designed to absorb the kinetic energy of a 2000-kgm
vehicle. Determine the spring constant necessary if the maximum compression is to be 100 mm for a
vehicle speed of 10 m/s.
A. 7.3 x 106 N/m
B. 8.2 x 106 N/m
C. 10 x 106 N/m
D. 5.5 x 106 N/m
27. A 1200 hp boiler feed pump connected to electric motor has a drive shaft rotating at 2000 RPM. How
much torque is on the shaft?
A. 6235 N-m
 B. 5212 N-m
C. 3251 N-m
D. 4274 N-m
28. A pump forces 1 m3/min of water horizontally from an open well to a closed tank where the pressure is
0.9 MPa. Compute the work the pump must do upon the water in an hour just to force the water into the
tank against the pressure.
A. 18.5 kJ/s
B. 14.8 kJ/s
C. 13.31 kJ/s
D. 20.3 kJ/s
29. Steam enters a converging‐diverging nozzle operating at steady state with P1 = 0.05 MPa, T1 = 400 °C
and a velocity of 10 m/s. The steam flows through the nozzle with negligible heat transfer and no
significant change in potential energy. At the exit, P2 = 0.01 MPa, and the velocity is 665 m/s. The mass
flow rate is 2 kg/s. Determine the exit enthalpy and area of the nozzle. Note: h1 = 3278.9 kJ/kg and 𝑣2 =
26.445 m3/kg.
A. h2 = 3058 kJ/kg and A2 = 0.1205 m2
B. h2 = 5218 kJ/kg and A2 = 0.4105 m2
C. h2 = 4258 kJ/kg and A2 = 0.3205 m2
D. h2 = 3058 kJ/kg and A2 = 0.0795 m2
30. Turbine Steam enters a turbine at steady state with a mass flow rate of 4600 kg/h. The turbine develops
a power output of 1000 kW. At the inlet the pressure is 0.05 MPa, the temperature is 400 °C, and the
velocity is 10 m/s. At the exit, the pressure is 10 kPa, the quality is 0.9, and the velocity is 50 m/s. Calculate
the rate of heat transfer between the turbine and surroundings, in kW. Take h1 = 3178.9 kJ/kg ; h2 = 2345
kJ/kg.
A. -63.3 kW
B. -92.2 kW
C. -190 kW
D. -451.6 kW
31.
A blower handles 1 kg/s of air at 20°C and consumes a power of 15 kW. The inlet and outlet velocities of
air are 100 m/s and 150 m/s respectively. Find the exit air temperature, assuming adiabatic conditions.
Take cp of air is 1.005 kJ/kg-K.
A. 30.2 oC
B. 15.6 oC
C. 32.2 oC
D. 28.7oC

IDEAL GAS and SPECIFIC HEAT

32. One mole of oxygen gas is at a pressure of 6 atm and a temperature of 27oC. If the gas is heated at
constant volume until its pressure triples, (a) what is the final temperature? (b) If the gas is heated until
both the pressure and volume are doubled, what is the final temperature?
A. (a) T2 = 850 K; (b) T2 = 1200 K
B. (a) T2 = 900 K; (b) T2 = 1200 K
C. (a) T2 = 950 K; (b) T2 = 1110 K
D. (a) T2 = 1050 K; (b) T2 = 1200 K
33. Find the number of moles and mass of one cubic meter of an air at 20oC and atmospheric pressure.
Consider Avogadro’s number of molecules has a mass of 28.9g/mol.
A. n = 41.6 mole; m = 1.2 kg
 B. n = 45.2 mole; m = 3.2 kg
C. n = 35.2 mole; m = 2.3 kg
D. n = 15.2 mole; m = 3.2 kg
34. A cube of 10cm on each edge contains air (with equivalent molar mass of 28.9 g/mol) at atmospheric
pressure and temperature 300K. Find (a) the mass of gas, (b) its weight, and (c) the force it exerts on
each face of the cube.
A. 1.17 x 10-3 kgm; 11.5 mN; 1.01 kN
B. 11.4 x 10-3 kgm; 11.5 mN; 1.01 kN
C. 1.17 x 10-3 kgm; 15.2 mN; 3.11 kN
D. 1.17 x 10-3 kgm; 15.2 mN; 3.11 kN
35. At 25 m below the surface of the sea (density = 1025 kgm/m3), where the temperature is 5oC, a diver
exhales an air bubble having a volume of 1 cm3. If the surface temperature of the sea is 20oC, what is
the volume of the bubble just before it breaks the surface?
A. 3.67 cm3
B. 3.85 cm3
C. 2.25 cm3
D. 1.22 cm3
36. The temperature of a sample of an ideal gas confined in a 2.0 L container was raised from 27°C to 77
°C at constant volume. If the initial pressure of the gas was 1200 mm Hg (absolute), what was the final
pressure of the gas?
A. 1400 mm Hg
B. 1520 mm Hg
C. 1620 mm Hg
D. 1850 mm Hg

THERMODYNAMIC PROCESSES
37. Determine the internal energy change for air as it undergoes an isometric process from 320 K and 72
kPa to 720 kPa.
State 1 State 2
T1 = 320 K T2 = 1967 K
P1 = 72 kPa P2 = 720 kPa
u1 = 15.902 kJ/kg u2 = 1439.155 kJ/kg
A. 2662.54 kJ/kg
B. 3252.3 kJ/kg
C. 1245.4 kJ/kg
D. 4255.1 kJ/kg
38. A piston cylinder contains air at 600 kPa, 290 K and a volume of 0.01 m 3. A constant pressure process
gives 54 kJ of work out. Find the final temperature of the air and the heat transfer input.
A. 235.2 kJ
B. 250.1 kJ
C. 223.9 kJ
D. 152.2 kJ
39. Calculate the work done by a piston contained within an air cylinder at which the temperature is held
constant at 30oC. The initial pressure is P1 = 400 kPaa and the initial volume of 2 m3 is tripled as a result
of the process.
A. 622.2 kJ
B. 524.3 kJ
 C. 878.9 kJ
D. 850.2 kJ

40. A mass of 1.5 kg of air is compressed in a quasi-static process from 0.1 MPaa to 0.7 MPaa for which
PV = constant. The initial density of air is 1.16 kgm/m3. Find the work done by the piston to compress the
air.
A. 234.3 kJ
B. 251.63 kJ
C. 287.5 kJ
D. 243.6 kJ
41. A piston cylinder contains 0.1 kgm air at 300 K and 100 kPaa. The air is now slowly compressed in an
isothermal (T = C) process to a final pressure of 250 kPaa. Find both the work and heat transfer in the
process.
A. Q = W= 7.89 kJ
B. Q = W= 8.25 kJ
C. Q = W= 10.25 kJ
D. Q = W= -7.89 kJ
42. How much work is necessary to compress air in an insulated cylinder from 0.2 m 3 to 0.01 m3. Use T1 =
20oC and P1 = 100 kPa absolute.
A. -487 kJ/kg
B. 487 kJ/kg
C. -490 kJ/kg
D. -502 kJ/kg
43. A mass of gas is compressed in a close container at quasi-static process from 80 kPaa, 0.1 m3 to 0.4
MPaa, 0.03 m3. Assuming that the pressure and volume are related by PVn = constant, find the work done
by the gas system.
A. 11.76 kJ
B. -11.76 kJ
C. 14.2 kJ
D. 13.5 kJ
44. A cylinder contains 0.45 m3 of a gas at 1 x 105 Paa and 80oC. The gas is compressed to a volume of 0.13
m3. The final pressure being 5x105 Paa. Determine the heat rejected or received by the gas during the
compression. Take k = 1.4; R = 294.2 J/kg-K.
A. 17.54 kJ
B. 21.2 kJ
C. 18.6 kJ
D. 16.2 kJ
45.
A mass of gas is compressed in a quasi-static process from 80 kPaa, 0.1 m3 to 0.4 MPaa, 0.03 m3. Assuming
that the pressure and volume are related by PVn = constant. Considering the system is closed, find the
work done to the system
A. -15.22 kJ
B. 15.21 kJ
C. 21.2 kJ
D. -11.764 kJ

THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

46.A steam turbine is operated with an intake temperature of 400oC, and an exhaust temperature of 150oC.
What is the maximum amount of work the turbine can do for a given heat input Q?
A. 0.21Q
B. 0.42Q
C. 0.28Q
D. 0.37Q
47.An imaginary engine receives heat and does work on a slowly moving piston at such rates that the cycle
of operation of 1 kg of working fluid can be represented as a circle 10 cm in diameter on a p–v diagram on
which 1 cm = 300 kPa and 1 cm = 0.1 m3/kg. If the heat rejected by the engine in a cycle is 1000 kJ per kg
of working fluid, what would be its thermal efficiency?
A. 21.2%
B. 62.2%
C. 82.2%
D. 70.204%
48.A large stationary diesel engine produces 15 MW with a thermal efficiency of 40%. The exhaust gas,
which we assume is air, flows out at 800 K and the intake is 290 K. How large is the mass flow rate at the
exhaust? Use h = 822.2 kJ/kg @ 800 K and h = 290.43 kJ/kg @ 290 K.
A. 28.21 kg/s
B. 18.16 kg/s
C. 25.22 kg/s
D. 21.16 kg/s

The difference between ordinary and extraordinary is that little “extra.”

Jimmy Johnson