Lesson 1: Background, Rationale, and Development of Melcs: Module 2: Most Essential Learning Competencies (Melcs)

MODULE 2: MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES (MELCs)
LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS

 ACTIVITY 1
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:
1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious
challenges on the delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher, what do you think
are the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum standards that need to be
addressed in order to ensure learning continuity? Cite a specific example. Do you think
these concerns could be solved by teachers alone? Why or why not?
Answer: This global pandemic we have today COVID 19, this make education for
children more difficult to achieve. It is a big challenge to Department of Education to
conduct classes in this new normal situation. The best way to address the problem is to
adapt this new normal learning by shifting to distance or modular learning. With this
strategy, we can ensure learning continuity. These concerns are not for teachers alone
but also with the collaboration of all the DepEd forces teaching and non-teaching staff.
And of course, through parents’ learners and stake holders support.
2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of schools
nationwide, the congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of teachers
(Andaya, 2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on the poor
performance of Filipino learners. Do you agree with this observation? Why or why not?
Answer: I agree, with department of education that several curriculums had been laid
and adapt for the purpose of achieving higher standard education and can produce a
globally competitive learner. But due to the congested curriculum we cannot achieve our
goals. Students cannot cope up with the content standard sometimes it takes time to
finish a full quarter subject with a limited time allotment.
 ACTIVITY 2
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of the
MELCs. After going through the document, provide a brief and concise response to the
following guide questions. Write your answers in your Study Notebook.
1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
Answer: The Department of Education's Bureau of Curriculum Development developed
MELCs to cope with the drastic change in the educational atmosphere due to COVID 19
pandemic. The focus of instruction we’re streamlined to the most essential or the most
indispensable learning competencies.
- MELCs is also developed in response to UNESCO's fourth sustainable
development goal and that is to develop resilient education systems, most
especially during emergencies.
- MELCs intend to assist schools in navigating the limited number of school days
as they employ multiple delivery schemes by providing them ample instructional
space
2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning
competencies?
Answer: Curriculum review mapped the essential and desirable learning competencies
within the curriculum. It also led to the identification of gaps, issues, and concerns within
and across learning areas and grade levels. It helped in the identification of areas for
improvement that would enhance the learning engagement, experience, and outcomes
and consequently recommend solutions. In addition, it analyzes the interconnectedness
of prerequisite knowledge and skills among the learning competencies for each subject
area.
3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable
learning competencies?
Answer: The difference between essential learning competencies and desirable learning
competencies is, essential learning competencies serve as primary reference of all
schools, school division and regional offices in determining and implementing learning
delivery approaches that are suited to local context and diversity of learners while
desirable learning competencies include skills of critical thinking, problem solving,
knowledge application, and creativity.
4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were the
decisions made in order to trim down the number of the essential learning competencies
further?
Answer: Answer: Learning competencies are identified by knowing the following
characteristics:
- it is applicable to real-life situations
- it would be important for students to acquire the competency after s/he left that
particular grade level
- it is aligned with national, state, and/or local standards/ frameworks (e.g.,
scientifically-literate Filipinos)
- it would not be expected that most students would learn this through their
parents/communities if not taught at school
5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality instruction?
Answer: Answer: MELCS serves as a teacher guides in preparing our lesson (weekly
home learning plan) and instructional materials (Self- Learning Modules). MELCs
ensures delivery of quality instruction as it becomes the primary reference in
determining and implementing learning delivery approaches that are suited to the local
context and diversity of learners while adapting to the challenges posed by COVID-19.
 ACTIVITY 3
Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and
corresponding list of MELCs.
Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to your
instructional needs. Copy and accomplish the following table in your Study Notebook
and compare the two documents to determine which learning competencies were
retained, dropped, or merged.
K to 12 Learning Competencies MELCs
Merged/Clustere * Nasusuri ang mekanismo ng * Nasusuri ang iba’t ibang
d alokasyon sa iba’t-ibang sistemang pang-ekonomiya.
sistemang pang-ekonomiya (WEEK 4)
bilang sagot sa kakapusan
(AP9MKE-Ig-14)
Retained * Nailalapat ang kahulugan ng * Nailalapat ang kahulugan ng
ekonomiks sa pang-arawaraw ekonomiks sa pang-arawaraw na
na pamumuhay bilang isang pamumuhay bilang isang mag-
mag-aaral, at kasapi ng aaral, at kasapi ng pamilya at
pamilya at lipunan lipunan (WEEK 1)
(AP9MKE-Ia-1) * Natataya ang kahalagahan ng
* Natataya ang kahalagahan ng ekonomiks sa pang-arawaraw na
ekonomiks sa pang-arawaraw pamumuhay ng bawat pamilya at
na pamumuhay ng bawat ng lipunan (WEEK 2-3)
pamilya at ng lipunan * Nasusuri ang mga salik na
(AP9MKE-Ia-2) nakakaapekto sa pagkonsumo.
* Nasusuri ang mga salik na (WEEK 6-7)
nakakaapekto sa pagkonsumo * Naipagtatanggol ang mga
(AP9MKE-Ih-16). karapatan at nagagampanan ang
* Naipagtatanggol ang mga mga tungkulin bilang isang
karapatan at nagagampanan mamimili (WEEK 8)
ang mga tungkulin bilang isang
mamimili
(APMK3-Ih-18)
Dropped
N/A
 ACTIVITY 4
In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this lesson.
Discuss any questions about the MELCs that need clarification as well. Share your
thoughts and let your co-teachers articulate their insights regarding your questions. Jot
down all the insights shared in the discussion, including your own, in your Study
Notebook.
Answer: - MELCs play an important role in this course.
- These MELCs serves as guide to teachers on what topics to be focused with.
- Some of the MELCs are not properly arranged according to lessons based on the
DepEd textbooks and Curriculum Guide.
- MELCs makes teachers life easier.
- MELCs are great help to students as well since it is suited to learners need.
LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 ACTIVITY 1
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the MELCs.
After reading the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide
questions in your Study Notebook:
1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?
Answer: We need to unpacked MELCS to help us systematize learning activities and
effectively address the varying needs of learners and the challenges of instructional
deliveries.
2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the MELCs? Explain
each.
Answer: Alignment on the Content and Performance Standards- The MELCS are not
departure from the standard-based design. We must consider this to achieve a quality
teaching output.
-Prerequisite knowledge and skills - curriculum objective must be hierarchy. Mastering
Fundamental knowledge Is a must before going to the other level of learning.
-Logical sequence of learning objectives - We cant give a better learning ideas to our
students if our objective is not logical sequence. Planning what are the most important
objective is key frame in achieving better understanding of our learners.
3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?
Answer: The teacher may unpacked or combined the MELCS depends on sequence of
the lesson, the progress and needs of learners as long as the content and standard will
be achieved.
 ACTIVITY 2
 ACTIVITY 3
Submit your Activity 2 Outputs to your LAC Leader. Make sure to keep a copy of
your outputs.

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MODULE 2: MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCIES (MELCs)

LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS

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