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181 views17 pagesCFD University All Questions
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/ 17
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LQuestion Paper Code : 72126
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EJ/BTech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL/MAY 2017.
Seventh/Eighth Semester
Mechanical Engineering
ME 6014 - COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(Common to Aeronautical Engineering, Manufacturing Engineering,
Mechanical and Automation Engineering)
(Regulations 2013)
Time : Three hours
Maximum : 100 marks
Answer ALL questions.
PART A— (10 x 2= 20 marks) —
1. Classify partial differential equations, .
2 Classify Boundary Conditions (BCs) and give an example for each BC.
3. What is meant by grid independent solution?
4. What is the stability criterion for explicit and semi-implicit schemes?
5. What is the scheme used for Peclet number more than two? Why?
6. What is transportiveness?
7. What are the advantages of staggered grid?
8. What are the non-linearities present in the momentum equation?
9. What is the mixing length for jets and wakes?
10. What is viscous sublayer?
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13.
u.
16.
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(a)
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PART B —(6 x 16 = 80 marks)
Derive the continuity and X - momentum equations for a 3D
compressible flow.
Or
Consider heat transfer in the boundary layer over a flat plate. The flow is
steady, two — dimensional incompressible laminar flow over a flat plate.
Far stream velocity of the flow is uniform and parallel to the plate. Write
the governing (partial differential) equations for flow and heat balance.
Give the appropriate boundary conditions. Identity whether the equation
is linear, parabolic or elliptic.
A rectangular fin of length 2 cm, thickness 2 mm, and breadth 20 em is
attached to a plane wall. The wall temperature Tw = 200°C and ambient
temperatiure T, = 25°C. For the fin material, k = 45 Wi(m.K) and the
operating h = 15 Wi(m*K) determine the steady state temperature
distribution in the fin using Finite volume method by taking 5 equal
control volumes. Assume the fin tip is insulated.
Or
An slab of aluminium, L = 5 cm thick is initially at a uniform
temperature of 200°C. Suddenly one of its surfaces is brought to 70°C
while the other surface is kept insulated. By using explicit scheme and
mesh size x= 1 cm, calculate the transient temperature distribution of
the slab at time t = 10 sec. Use finite volume method. Take p = 2700
kg/m? ¢ = 0.9 kd/kg-K and k = 215 W/mK. Consider 5 equal control
volumes,
Derive the discretized equations for a 1 D convection diffusion for interior
nodes using upwind schemes for convection terms. Take 5 equal control
volumes.
Or
Derive the discretized equations for a 1D convection ~ diffusion for the
boundary nodes using QUICK scheme. Take 5 equal control volumes.
Derive the equations for convective flux per unit mass F and the diffusive
conductance at v- control volume faces, using staggered grid.
Or
Derive the pressure correction and velocity correction equations of
SIMPLE algorithm using finite volume method.
Discuss the governing equations for mean flow kinetic energy K and
turbulent kinetic energy k. Explain the various terms.
Or
Discuss any one of low Reynolds number turbulence models. Discuss the
various constants and functions used for predicting near wall behavior
(k WWW.AUHIPPO.COM ®&) 72126 Bn x» [AlU|H[! [PPO] -[clolm|=
Question Paper Code : 50838
B,E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2017
Seventh/Eighth Semester
Mechanical Engineering
ME 6014—- COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(Regulations 2013)
(Common to: Aeronautical Engineering/Manufacturing Engineering/ Mechanical
and Automation Engineering)
ime : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks
State clearly any assumption made with justification.
Answer ALL questions.
PART -A (10x2=20 Marks)
1, Sometimes computational approach for a given problem itself is a costly solution
Agree/Disagree. Select the correct one with valid reason.
2., Inorder to dissipate heat, a fin is attached to base surface and the other end is free
but insulated. For this situation identify the type of boundary condition with a
valid reason.
3. What are time marching problems ?
4. Why forward and backward difference expressions are not more accurate than
central difference expressions ?
5. What are the attractive features of ‘Quick’ scheme ?
6. What is Scarborough criterion ?
7. What is Marker-and-cell (MAC) method ?
8. What are the difficulties in solving of Navier-Stokes equation ?
9. What are
‘Kolmogorov scale ratio’s ?
10. What are viscous sublayer and log-law layer ? auhippo.com
2
oe (6x16=80 Marks)
PART-B
11. a) i) Identify the nature of the following systems of partial differential equations.
au_ a du
= yy et and v are the two dependent variables. @)
ii) Derive the x-momentum equation for unsteady 3D flow. ®)
(OR)
b) i) With suitable examples explain the physical significance of elliptic, parabolic
and hyperbolic problems. @
ii) What are rules of mean time averages ? Explain in detail. ®
iii) Write the generalized governing equation for Transport phenomena and show
how this equation turned to continuity and energy equation form. 4
12. a) i) Derive the finite difference expressionsfor a first order derivative with forward,
backward and central difference approximations using Taylor series expansion. (8)
ii) Using FVM, discretize the 1D steady state diffusion (no heat generation)
equation as per the below form for interior and exterior control volume.
‘
Apbp = aww + Ache + Sy Ry 8)
(OR)
b) Consider steady state heat conduction in a square region, subjected to the
boundary conditions shown in Figure. Use mesh size Ax = Ay and determine
the node temperatures indicated below. _ 6)
(100°C)
|(o"c) auhippo.com
3 50838
Aproperty ¢ i
15, #) A propery @ is tameported by means of convection and diffusion through one
limensional domain as shown in figure; (6)
‘The boundary conditions are $, =1 atx=0 , = 0 atx=L. Using five equally
spaced cells and the Power-law scheme for convection and diffusion, calculate
the distribution of as a function of x for u = 2.5 m/s. The following data
apply L= 2.0M, p=1.2 kg/m’,T =0.1 kg/m/s.
(OR)
b) Solve the above problem for u=1 mis and by using first order upwind scheme. (16)
14. a) i) Discuss in detail about the role of SIMPLE and its variants in numerical
analysis. a2)
ii) Brief about PISO algorithm. @
(OR) 4
b) Derive the equation for convective fix per unit mass (F) and the diffusive
conductance at u-control volume fa6es, using staggered grid. (16)
15. a) Write short notes on:
i) Mesh refinement and grid indep ndence study. ®
ii) Adaptive mesh and numerical in CFD modelling. @
OR) ee
b) Discuss any two low Reynolds nuitber turbulence models, Also discuss the
various constants and functions used for predicting near wall behaviour. (16)
—
auhippo.com 1 [P[Po] - [cjoim|»
Question Paper Code : 41369
B.EJB.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL/MAY 2018
Seventh/Bighth/Tenth Semester
Mechanical Engineering
‘ME 6014 ~ COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(Common to Mechanical Engineering (Sandwich)/Aeronautical Engineering!
Manufacturing Engineering/Mechanical and Automation Engineering)
(Regulations 2013)
‘Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks
State clearly any assumption made wtih justification
Answer ALL questions
PART-A (10x2=20 Marks)
1, What is the need of CFD analysis for engineering ‘problems ?
2. How many initial and boundary conditions needed for the below equation ?
aon oT
at ae Oy
3. How do you check the accuracy of a numerical solution ?
4. Write the advantages and disadvantages of Euler's method.
5. Fora given convection-diffusion problem, air flows with a velocity of 2:m/s and.
‘assume the diffusion conductance is 0.8. Suggest the suitable scheme to solve
this problem.
6. Write down the governing equations that are applicable for 1-D convection-
diffusion problem, Assume no source term.
7. What is PISO algorithm ?
8, What is the drawback of analysis of incompressible fluid flow problems by
numerically ?
k WWW.AUHIPPO.COM *) 41369 2 NT
9. The mean of fluctuating component velocity is zero in turbulent flow ~ Prove it.
10. Distinguish wall turbulence and free turbulence.
PART-B (6*16=80 Marks)
11. @) By setting the first law of Thermodynamics for a fluid particle, derive the
below energy equation
Alus,,) , ur, ) , Haty) avt,,)
sive 2 tte Sd
207%) , 204), toe), Aloe.) aus)
a me! Cy” Oe
+ divik grad T) +8,
(OR)
b) i) With suitable examples, discuss the classification of partial differential
‘equations. (a0)
ii) Briefly explain how the mesh size influence the numerical errors. ©
12, a) Derive the finite difference expressions for a first order derivative with
forward, backward and central difference approximations using Taylor
series expansion.
(OR)
b) A thin plate is initially at a uniform temperature of 200°C. Ata certain time
1 =0, the temperature of the east sido of the plate is suddenly reduced to
0°C. The other surface is insulated. Use the explicit finite volume method in
conjugate with a suitable time step size, calculate the transient temperature
of the plate at time t = 40 sec. Consider plate thickness L = 2 em, K = 10W/tri
pe=10x10" Jim*/K, Consider five equal sub volume.
13. a) With suitable examples, explain the four basic rules of control volume
formulation.
(OR) ll 3B 41369
b) A property 9 is transported by means of convection and diffusion through
the 1D sketched below.
4 ACRE)
pizisi4si 5
‘Using five equally epaced cells and the hybrid scheme for convection and
diffusion, calculate the distribution of as a function of x for u = 2.5 mis,
‘Tako the following data : length L= 100 cm, p=1.0 kg/m’, P=0.1kg/m/s.
14, a) Derive the equation for convective mass flux (F) and the diffusive conductance
at v-control volume using staggered grid.
(OR)
b) In SIMPLE method, discuss in detail about how to discretize the momentum
‘equation by using guessed pressure field
15. a) What is the need of turbulence modelling ? Brief about turbulence k-¢ model
with merits and demerits.
(OR)
b) 4) With valid reasons, discuss the characteristics of turbulent flow. ao)
ii) For solving engineering problems, diseuss the orderly steps followed in
CED software tools, ©
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Question Paper Code : 20794
B.E/B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2018.
Seventh/Eighth Semester
Mechanical Engineering
‘ME 6014 — COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(Common to Mechanical Engineering (Sandwich), Aeronautical Engineering,
‘Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanical and Automating Engineering)
(Regulations 2013)
‘Time : Three hours ‘Maximum : 100 marks
State clearly any assumption made with justification.
Answer ALL questions.
PART A—(10 x 2 = 20 marks)
1. How many BC's are required for 3D conduction governing equation? Assume
without heat generation. Does this equation require any initial condition? If so
ution it.
mentions AUHIPPO.cOM
2. What is the use of Reynolds Transport Theorem (RTT)?
Name some of the commonly used explicit methods for solving parabolic
equations,
4, Consider a typical 2D elliptic equation in Cartesian system and approximate it
by using ‘five-point formula’.
5. Express the neighbour coefficients for standard QUICK scheme for the
analysis of steady 1D convection-diffusion problem,
6. List the merits of Power-law scheme.
7. Draw a 2D staggered grid pattern and indicate the locations of the velocity and
other variables. 10.
1
12,
Summarie the advantages and disadvantages of stream function/vorticity
method”.
Draw a turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate and represent various zones
under the layer.
How quality of mesh is ensured?
@)
oy
@)
)
PART B— (5x 13 = 65 marks)
‘The governing nondimensional equations of fluid motion for steady,
inviscid and incompressible flow in two dimensions are given by:
mu 09
Classify the system of equations.
Or
Compare the merits and demerits of Experimental Fluid Dynamics
(EFD), Theoretical Fluid Dynamics (TFD) and Computational Fluid
‘Dynamics (CFD).
(@ Determine the approximate forward difference, backward difference
and central difference representation for 0*f/2x”, given by evenly
spaced grid points by means of Taylor series expansion. ao)
(i) During the above approximation procedures compare the error term
generated. Also suggest how to increase the accuracy of the
approximation. @)
Or
A thin plate having a thickness of 2 cm is initially at a uniform
temperature of 200°C. At a certain time t= 0 the temperature of the east
side of the plate is suddenly reduced to 0°C. The other surface is
insulated. Use the explicit finite volume method in conjugate with a
‘suitable time step size, calculate the transient temperature of the plate
at time t = 20 sec. Consider plate properties: k = 20 Wi(m-K) and
pe = 20 Md/(m* -K). Consider five equal sub volume,
2 20794 13,
4.
16.
@
)
@
&)
(a)
©
A property @ is transported by means of convection and diffusion
through the 1D sketched below.
‘The boundary conditions are 4, =Oat X = Land ¢y=lat x
five equally spaced cells and the hybrid differencing scheme for
convection and diffusion calculate the distribution of ¢ as a function of x
for velocity 2.5 mvs.
Consider the following data : length L = 1.0 m. p = 1.0 ke /m’,
T=0.1kg/ m/s.
or AUHIPPO.COM
(Explain the significance of Transportiveness property and also
discuss in brief how this property helpful in deciding the suitable
discretization scheme for convection-
