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Data Collection

This document discusses data collection and different types of data sources. It defines data and explains that it is the lowest unit of information that can be quantified or qualified. Data collection requires considering the research objective, sources, expression, techniques and unit of collection. Internal sources refer to data collected from within an organization, while external sources are collected from outside agencies. Primary data is collected first-hand through methods like surveys and observation. Secondary data has already been previously collected for other purposes and can be published or unpublished. The document compares the merits and demitis of primary and secondary data sources.

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Amouna Naouar Ep Abdelhak
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39 views13 pages

Data Collection

This document discusses data collection and different types of data sources. It defines data and explains that it is the lowest unit of information that can be quantified or qualified. Data collection requires considering the research objective, sources, expression, techniques and unit of collection. Internal sources refer to data collected from within an organization, while external sources are collected from outside agencies. Primary data is collected first-hand through methods like surveys and observation. Secondary data has already been previously collected for other purposes and can be published or unpublished. The document compares the merits and demitis of primary and secondary data sources.

Uploaded by

Amouna Naouar Ep Abdelhak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA

COLLECTION
Introduction
 Data can be define as the quantitative or qualitative
value of a variable (e.g. number, images, words,
figures,facts or ideas)

 It is a lowest unit of information from which other


measurements and analysis can be done.

 Data is one of the most important and vital aspect


of any research study.
Factors to be Considered Before
Collection of Data

 Object and scope of the enquiry.


 Sources of information.
 Quantitative expression.
 Techniques of data collection.
 Unit of collection.
Sources of Data

External Internal
sources sources

Primary Secondary
data data
Internal & External Sources of Data

Internal sources of Data External sources of data

o Many institutions and o When information is collected


departments have information from outside agencies is called
about their regular functions,for external sources of data.
their own internal purposes.
o Such types of data are either
o When those information are primary or secondary.
used in any survey is called
internal sources of data. o This type of information can be
collected by census or sampling
o Eg…social welfare socities. method by conducting survey.
Primary Data
 Data that has been collected from first-hand experiences
is known as primary data.It has more reliable,authentic
and not been published anywhere.

 Primary data has not been changed or altered by human


being,therefore its validity is greater than secondary
data.
Direct
Personal
Investigation
(i.e. interview
method)
Indirect oral
Investigation investigation
through (i.e. through
observation Methods of enumerators)
collecting
primary data

Investigation Investigation
through through local
mailed reporters
questionnaire questionnaire
Primary Data
Merits Demerits
Targeted issued are addressed Evaluated cost

Data interpretation is better Time consuming

More number of resources


High accuracy of data are required

Address as specific research Inaccurate feedback


issues
Required lot of skill with
Greater control labour.
Secondary Data
 Secondary data are those that have already been collected by
others.

 These are usually in journals, periodicals, research publication


,official record etc.

 Secondary data may be available in the published or


unpublished form. When it is not possible to collect the data by
primary method,the investigator go for secondary method.

 This data collected for some purpose other


than the problem at hand.
Method of collection secondary data

International

Government
Published
Sources Municipal
corporation

Unpublished Institutional/
sources commercial
Secondary Data
Merits Demerits
Quick and cheap source of No fulfill our specific
data research needs

Poor accuracy
Wider geographical area

Data are not up to date


Longer orientation period
Poor accessibility in some
Leading to find primary cases
data
Difference b/w primary and secondary data
Primary data Secondary data
 Real time data  Past data
 Sure about sources of data  Not sure about of sources
 Help to give results/ of data
finding  Refining the problem
 Costly and time consuming  Cheap and no time
process consuming process
 Avoid biasness of response  Can not know in data
data biasness or not
 More flexible  Less flexible
Created by -
Kanchan Agrawal
http://www.ezyshine.com/

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