GLORIA POBLADOR DELA PAZ NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Purok Paghidaet, Brgy. Lopez Jaena, Sagay City

Negros Occidental

supplemental learning materials in

Information and Communications Technology

Computer Systems
Servicing 11
TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL LIVELIHOOD - TRACK

MODULE 2 – STATIC VS DYNAMIC IP ADDRESS

Organized by
ENGR. YOLANDA C. REÑOS, CoE, LPT
Teacher II – Senior High School
Information and Communications Technology- CSS Grade 11
 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
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among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalty.

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UNIT I: SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN)

Content: Static Vs Dynamic IP Address
Learning Competency: Diagnose and repair any problem or
fault in the network system in line with standard operating procedures.

Competency Code: TLE_IACSS912SUCN-Ia-e-34

Learning Outcomes: The learners shall be able to set up
Curriculum: Senior High School Curriculum –computer
TVL Track networks
based established proceduresSubject:
and system
CSS 11
Teacher: Yolanda C. Reños, CoE, LPT Page 2
requirements for hardware.

Specific Objectives:
 PRELIMINARY
ACTIVITY
Based on the picture of the cat given below, describe each picture in two sentences.

Cat 1: __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Cat 2: __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

LESSON
DISCUSSION

When you sign up with an Internet Service Provider

you will either end up with a static IP address or a
dynamic IP address. What’s the difference between
the two?

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 Dynamic means "constantly changing." The
prefix dyna means power; however, dynamic IP addresses aren't
more powerful, but they can change (or be changed).

Static means staying the same. Static. Stand. Stable. Yes, static IP

addresses don't change.

What Is a Static IP Address?

A static IP address is an IP address that was manually configured for a device instead of one that
was assigned by a DHCP server. It's called static because it doesn't change vs. a dynamic IP address, which
does change.

Routers, phones, tablets, desktops, laptops, and any other device that can use an IP address can be
configured to have a static IP address. This might be done through the device giving out IP addresses (like
the router) or by manually typing the IP address into the device from the device itself.

Note: Static IP addresses are also sometimes referred to as fixed IP adresses or dedicated IP
addresses.

Generally, a static IP address is assigned by request and for a fee by an IT administrator at work, or
by you at home.

Here are some static IP advantages:

1. Businesses are better suited for it than residences.
2. It's also better for dedicated services such as mail, FTP and web servers.
3. It's good for creating or hosting computer servers.
4. It makes it easier for geolocation services to accurately assess where you are.

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Why Would You Use a Static IP Address?

Another way to think of a static IP address is to think of something like an email address, or a
physical home address. These addresses don't change—they're static—and it makes contacting or finding
someone easy.

Similarly, a static IP address is useful if you host a website from home, have a file  server in
your network, use networked printers, forward ports to a specific device, run a print server, or use a remote
access program. Because a static IP address never changes, other devices always know exactly how to
contact a device that uses one.
For example, if a static IP address is set up for a computer in a home network. Once the computer has a
specific address tied to it, a router can be set up to always forward certain inbound requests directly to that
computer, such as FTP requests if the computer shares files over FTP.

Not using a static IP address (using a dynamic IP that does change) is a hassle if you're hosting a
website, for example, because with every new IP address that the computer gets, you have to change the
router settings to forward requests to that new address. Neglecting to do this would mean nobody could get
to your website because the router has no idea which device in the network is the one that's serving the
website.
Another example of a static IP address at work is with DNS servers. DNS servers use static IP addresses so
that devices always knows how to connect to them. If they changed often, you'd have to
regularly reconfigure those DNS servers on your router or computer to use the internet.

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 Static IP addresses are also useful for when the device's domain name is inaccessible. Computers
that connect to a file server in a workplace network, for instance, could be set up to always connect to the
server using the server's static IP instead of its hostname. Even if the DNS server malfunctions, the
computers could still access the file server because they communicate with it through the IP address.

With remote access applications such as Windows Remote Desktop, using a static IP address means
you can always access that computer with the same address. Using an IP address that changes requires you
to know what it changes to so that you can use that new address for the remote connection.

Assigning a static IP Address

In a home network with several computers and devices, it is ideal to assign each of them a
specific address. This is for the purpose of avoiding problems when you do troubleshooting which
requires figuring out the IP address of each of them. It is also a means to prevent address conflicts
between the devices. You can also manage them with ease if you have assigned their own
addresses.

Here are the procedures in assigning an IP Address on a windows base computer system:
1. Open the Control Panel’s Network Connections icon.
2. Open the icon representing your computer’s network connection.
3. Click the Properties button in the Status dialog box.
4. From the list of items, choose Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).

Figure 53. Wireless Network Connections Properties Dialog Box

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 5. Click the Properties button. The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties dialog box
appears.

Figure 54. TCP / IPV4 Dialog Box

6. Type the IP address for your computer. Enter the appropriate IP Address in the IP address
section.
7. Type a subnet mask. The value used on a local network is commonly 255.255.255.0, but it
can be different, such as 255.255.255.127.

8. Type the default gateway address. The default gateway is the router, so type the router’s
address. Figure 54 shows an example of assigning an IP Address, Subnet mask and default
gateway.

Figure 55. Assigning an IP Address

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 9. Type the address for the preferred DNS server. The address should be obtained from your
Internet Service Protocol. It is used to help your computer find web pages and other
addresses on the internet.
10. Type the address for the alternate DNS server.
The alternate Domain Name System (DNS) server’s IP address is something that your ISP
provides.
11. Click OK to confirm the settings.
12. Close all other open dialog boxes and windows.

What is a Dynamic IP Address?

A dynamic IP address is an IP address that's automatically assigned to each connection, or node, of a

network, like your smartphone, desktop PC, or wireless tablet. This automatic assignment of IP addresses is
accomplished by what's called a DHCP server.

A DHCP-server-assigned IP address is called dynamic because it will often be different on future

connections to the network.

Where Are Dynamic IP Addresses Used?

The public IP address that gets assigned to the router of most home and business users by their ISPs
is a dynamic IP address. Larger companies usually do not connect to the Internet using dynamic IP addresses
and instead have static IP addresses assigned to them, and only them.

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 In a local network like in your home or place of business, where you use a private IP address, most
devices are probably configured for DHCP, meaning that they're using dynamic IP addresses. If DHCP is
not enabled, each device in your home network would need to have network information manually setup.

Note: Some Internet Service Providers assign “sticky” dynamic IP addresses that do change, just less
frequently than a typical dynamic IP address.

What are the Advantages of Dynamic IP Addresses?

The main advantage of assigning IP addresses dynamically is that it's more flexible, and easier to set
up and administer than static IP address assignments.

For example, one laptop that connects to the network can be assigned a particular IP address, and
when it disconnects, that address is now free to be used by another device that connects later on, even if it's
not that same laptop.

With this type of IP address assignment, there's little limit to the number of devices that can connect
to a network since ones that don't need to be connected can disconnect and free up the pool of available of
addresses for another device.

The alternative would be for the DHCP server to set aside a particular IP address for each device,
just in case, it wanted to connect to the network. In this scenario, a few hundred devices, no matter if they
were being used or not, would each have their own IP address which could limit access for new devices.

Another advantage of using dynamic IP addresses is that it's easier to implement than static IP
addresses. Nothing needs to be set up manually for new devices that connect to the network — all you have
to do is make sure DHCP is enabled on the router.
Since almost every network device is configured by default to grab an IP address from the available pool of
addresses, everything is automatic.

Assigning a Dynamic IP Address

If more than a few computers comprise the LAN, manually configuring IP addresses for every host
on the network can be time-consuming and prone to errors. In this case, using a Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) server would automatically assign IP addresses and greatly simplify the addressing
process.

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 Figure 56. Assigning a Dynamic IP Address

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a software utility used to dynamically assign IP
addresses to network devices. This dynamic process eliminates the need to manually assign IP addresses. A
DHCP server can be set up and the hosts can be configured to automatically obtain an IP address. When a
computer is set to obtain an IP address automatically, the other entire IP addressing configuration boxes are
dimmed or disabled. The server maintains a list of IP addresses to assign, and it manages the process so that
every device on the network receives a unique IP address. Each address is held for a predetermined amount
of time. When the time expires, the DHCP server can use this address for any computer that joins the
network.

These are the IP address information that a DHCP server can assign to hosts:
 IP address
 Subnet mask
 Default gateway
 Optional values, such as a Domain Name System (DNS) server address

The DHCP server receives a request from a host. The server then selects IP address information
from a set of predefined addresses that are stored in a database. After the IP address information is selected,
the DHCP server offers these values to the requesting host on the network. If the host accepts the offer, the
DHCP server leases the IP address for a specific period of time.
Using a DHCP server simplifies the administration of a network because the software keeps track of
IP addresses. Automatically configuring TCP/IP also reduces the possibility of assigning duplicate or
invalid IP addresses. Before a computer on the network can take advantage of the DHCP server services,
the computer must be able to identify the server on the local network. You can configure a computer to
accept an IP address from a DHCP server by clicking the Obtain an IP address automatically option in the
NIC configuration window, as shown in Figure 56.

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 If your computer cannot communicate with the DHCP server to obtain an IP address, the Windows
operating system automatically assigns a private IP address. If your computer is assigned an IP address in
the range of 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255, it can communicate with only other computers in the same
range. An example of when these private addresses would be useful is in a classroom lab where you want to
prevent access outside to your network. This operating system feature is called Automatic Private IP
Addressing (APIPA). APIPA continually requests an IP address from a DHCP server for your computer.

IpConfig

Ipconfig is a command used to find out the IP address of a certain network you are connected to.
How to use the ipconfig command?
1) Click on Start Button, then type cmd (command prompt) on the search box.
2) A black screen will appear as shown in the figure below.

3) Type ipconfig and press enter. The figure below shows the IP configuration window using the
ipconfig command. The information from this window will be useful because it shows the IP
address, subnet mask and default gateway of a network you are connected to.

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 Ping

The ping is a Command Prompt command used to test the ability of the source computer to reach
a specified destination computer. The ping command is usually used as a simple way to verify that a
computer can communicate over the network with another computer or network device.

The ping command operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request
messages to the destination computer and waiting for a response. How many of those responses are
returned, and how long it takes for them to return, are the two major pieces of information that the ping
command provides.

Ping Command Syntax

Syntax Description
-t Using this option will ping the target until you force it to stop
This ping command option will resolve, if possible, the hostname of an IP
-a - address target.
This option sets the number of ICMP Echo Request messages to send. If you
-n count execute the ping command without this option, four requests will be sent.
Use this option to set the size, in bytes, of the echo request packet from 32 to
65,527. The ping command will send a 32 byte echo request if you do not use
-l size the -l option.
Use this ping command option to prevent ICMP Echo Requests from being
fragmented by routers between you and the target. The -f option is most often
-f used to troubleshoot Path Maximum Transmission Unit (PMTU) issues.
-i TTL This option sets the Time to Live (TTL) value, the maximum of which is 255.
This option allows you to set a Type of Service (TOS) value. Beginning in
Windows 7, this option no longer functions but still exists for compatibility
-v TOS reasons.

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 Use this ping command option to specify the number of hops between the
computer and the target computer or device that you would like to be recorded
and displayed. The maximum value for count is 9 so use the tracert command
-r count instead. If you are interested in viewing all hops between two devices.

Use this option to report the time, in Internet Timestamp format, that each
echo request is received and echo reply is sent. The maximum value for count is
-s count 4 which means that only the first four hops can be time stamped.

Specifying a timeout value when executing the ping command adjusts the
amount of time, in milliseconds, that ping waits for each reply. If you do not use
-w timeout the -w option, the default timeout value is used which is 4000, or 4 seconds.
-R This option tells the ping command to trace the round trip path.
-S srcaddr Use this option to specify the source address.
This forces the ping command to use IPv4 only but is only necessary if target is a
-4 hostname and not an IP address.
This forces the ping command to use IPv6 only but as with
-6 the -4 option, is only necessary when pinging a hostname.
This is the destination you wish to ping, which is either an IP
target address or a hostname.
Use the help switch with the ping command to show detailed
/? help about the command's several options.

Using the ping Command

Ping is one of your most important tools in troubleshooting Internet problems. It shows
you whether the Domain Name Server is working, whether the computer you are trying to talk to is
reachable, and how long it takes to get there. It does this at a very low level — only the most basic
Internet functions have to be up and running.

1) Click on Start Button, then type cmd (command prompt) on the search box.
2) A black screen will appear as shown in the figure below.
3) Type ping followed by the IP address you desire to verify. The figure below shows the
screen of the ping command and its output.

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 Figure 57. Step 3

Figure 58. Pinging

This output shows several things:

Decoding names to network addresses — A domain name server (DNS) resolves machine names
to numeric addresses. A single machine can have many names, all of which resolve to the
same Internet address. In the example just given, the name www.google.com resolves to the
Internet address 122.2.152.23.
Round-trip response time — The parts of the replies that say things like time=105ms show you how
long it took from the time the client machine sent out the ping message until a reply came back (1
ms is 1 millisecond, or one thousandth of a second). The variability in the times you see reflects
that networks do not always respond identically. Differing amounts of traffic on the
communication lines or differing loads on the server are common causes. You will see very
different response times depending on the access equipment you use.
Routing hop count — The part of the replies that says TTL=50 tells you about the route the message took
from one point to another. The acronym TTL stands for Time to Live, which is a measure of how
many rerouting from one point to another the packet has to go through before IP declares it
undeliverable. The number following TTL (called the hop count) is a number that usually starts at

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 255 and counts down by one every time the message gets rerouted through an intermediary
computer.

KEY TERMS

 Static IP address - an IP address that was manually configured for a device instead of one that was
assigned by a DHCP server.
 Dynamic IP address - an IP address that's automatically assigned to each connection, or node, of a
network, like your smartphone, desktop PC, or wireless tablet.
 DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a software utility used to dynamically assign IP
addresses to network devices.
 Ipconfig - is a command used to find out the IP address of a certain network you are connected to.
 Ping - a command Prompt command used to test the ability of the source computer to reach a
specified destination computer.

LESSON SUMMARY

When you sign up with an Internet Service Provider you will either end up with a static IP address or a
dynamic IP address. What’s the difference between the two?

A static IP address is an IP address that was manually configured for a device instead of one that
was assigned by a DHCP server. It's called static because it doesn't change vs. a dynamic IP address, which
does change.

Some static IP advantages are 1) Businesses are better suited for it than residences; 2) It's also better
for dedicated services such as mail, FTP and web servers; 3)It's good for creating or hosting computer
servers; and 4) It makes it easier for geolocation services to accurately assess where you are.

On the other hand, a dynamic IP address is an IP address that's automatically assigned to each
connection, or node, of a network, like your smartphone, desktop PC, or wireless tablet. This automatic
assignment of IP addresses is accomplished by what's called a DHCP server.

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a software utility used to dynamically assign IP
addresses to network devices. This dynamic process eliminates the need to manually assign IP addresses. A
DHCP server can be set up and the hosts can be configured to automatically obtain an IP address. When a

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computer is set to obtain an IP address automatically, the other entire IP addressing configuration boxes are
dimmed or disabled.

Ipconfig is a command used to find out the IP address of a certain network you are connected to.
The ping is a command used to test the ability of the source computer to reach a specified destination
computer. The ping command is usually used as a simple way to verify that a computer can communicate
over the network with another computer or network device.

Cut it

Unit I: SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN)

Learning Competency: Diagnose and repair any problem or fault in the network system in line with
standard operating procedures. TLE_IACSS9-12SUCN-Ia-e-34

Worksheet No.4

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ________________________

Score: ________________________

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Part I. Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. If you manually configured an IP address for a device instead of one that was assigned by
a DHCP server, what kind of IP address is that?
a. It is a dynamic IP address.
b. It is a static IP address.
c. It is a ecstatic IP address.
d. It is a dynamic static Ip address.
2. If I want to check the IP address where my device is connected, I will use
a. DHCP command.
b. Ping command.
c. IpConfig command.
d. Msconfig command.
3. A software utility used to dynamically assign IP addresses to network devices is called
______________________.
a. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
b. Static Host Configuration Protocol
c. Dynamic Server Configuration Protocol
d. Static Server Configuration Protocol
4. The following are advantages of using Static IP address EXCEPT:
a. Businesses are better suited for it than residences.
b. It is also better for dedicated services such as mail, FTP and web servers.
c. It is good for deleting or hosting computer servers.
d. It makes it easier for geolocation services to accurately assess where you are.
5. What ping command option will resolve, if possible, the hostname of an IP address target?
a. -t b. -a c. -f d. -4
Part II. TEXTTWIST. Formulate the term given below.
1. ASDRESD = _______________________________
2. WNTKORE = _______________________________
3. CDMYAIN = _______________________________
4. RSREVE = _______________________________
5. CNENOCTONI = _______________________________

Parents’s Signature:
Cut it ____________________________________________

Unit I: SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN)

Learning Competency: Diagnose and repair any problem or fault in the network system in line with
standard operating procedures. TLE_IACSS9-12SUCN-Ia-e-34

Worksheet No.5

Name: _________________________________________ Date: ________________________

Score: ________________________
Directions: Write a reflections on the topic presented.

The following are the guided questions to be answered:

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 1. Diffierentiate Static IP Address from Dynamic IP Address?
2. How can you relate this in your everyday living?

Rubrics for grading your reflection:

Areas 2 4 6 8
Content/Information (50%) The essay was not The essay was The essay was The essay was
 All elements of the topics objective and poorly objective and for objective and for the objective and
are addressed addresses the issues some part addresses most part addresses addresses with an
 The information is referred in the an in depth analysis an in-depth analysis indepth analysis all
technically sound proposed topic. The The provided of most issues the issues referred
 Information based on provided information information was, for referred in the in the proposed
careful research was not necessary or some part, proposed topic. The topic. The provided
 Coherence of information not sufficient to necessary and provided information was
discuss these issues. sufficient to discuss information was, for necessary and
these issues. the most part, sufficient to discuss
necessary and these issues
sufficient to discuss
these issues.
Quality of Writing (50%) The essay was not well The essay was well The essay was well The essay was well
 Clarity and cohesiveness of written, and contains written for some written for the most written from start to
sentences and paragraphs  many spelling errors, part, without part, without finish, without
No errors in spelling, grammar and/or grammar errors spelling, grammar spelling, grammar spelling, grammar
and use of English  and/or use of English or use of English or use of English or use of English
Organization and coherence of errors. It lacks clarity errors. The essay is errors. The essay is errors. The essay
ideas and/or does not present for some part well for the most part was well organized,
ideas in a coherent organized, clear and well organized, clear and presents
way. presents ideas in a clear and presents ideas in a coherent
The coherent way. ideas in a coherent way.
way.

Parents’s Signature: ____________________________________________

Cut it

Unit I: SETTING-UP COMPUTER NETWORKS (SUCN)

Learning Competency: Diagnose and repair any problem or fault in the network system in line with
standard operating procedures. TLE_IACSS9-12SUCN-Ia-e-34

Worksheet No. 5
Name: _________________________________________ Date: ________________________
Score: ________________________

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_______________________________________________________________________________________
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Parents’ Signature: _____________________________________

References
Books:
Computer Hardware Servicing –Grade 10 Learner’s Material First Edition, 2014

Websites:
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Curriculum: Senior High School Curriculum – TVL Track Subject: CSS 11
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