Mathematics 8

Quarter 2
Self-Learning
Module 1
Graphing Linear Inequalities
in Two Variables
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 2 – Self-Learning Module 1: Introduction to Linear Inequalities in Two
Variables
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: John Andrew C. Enriola
Editor: Cristina DC. Prado
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Pasig City
Mathematics 8
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1
Introduction to Linear Inequalities in
Two Variables
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 8 Self – Learning Module on Introduction

to Linear Inequalities in Two Variables!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in this self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 8 Self-Learning Module on Introduction

to Linear Inequalities in Two Variables!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION

1. Differentiate linear inequalities in two variables from linear equations in two

variables.

PRETEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. Which of the following illustrates linear inequality in two variables?

A. y > 3 B. 2x + 3y = 10 C. 4x ≥ 2 D. 5x – y < 4

2. Which of the following symbols DOES NOT suggest inequality?

𝐴≤ B. = C. < D. ≥

3. Which of the following equations DOES NOT belong to the group?

A. x + y = 3 B. 2x + 3y >10 C. x + y ≥ 1 D. x – y < 4
4. Which of the following describes the graph of a linear inequality in two variables?

A. Half-Line B. Half-plane C. Parabola D. Straight Line

5. Which of the following is NOT a graph of linear inequality in two variables?

A. B. C. D.

RECAP
Can you still recall how to graph linear equations in two variables on a
Cartesian plane? What are the different methods that you used to graph a linear
equation in two variables?
One way of graphing linear equations is by using the slope and y-intercept.
Can you recall the steps in graphing using the slope-intercept form?
 Steps 5x + 3y = 12
1. Express the equation in slope- 5
y=- x+4
intercept form (y = mx + b) 3
2. Identify slope (m) and y-intercept 5
m=- ; b = (0,4)
(b) 3

(0,4)

3. Plot the y-intercept (b) in the

Cartesian plane.

(0,
4)
4. Use the slope (m) to plot the next 5x + 3y = 12
-5
point in the Cartesian plane.
Connect the points to form a
straight line. 3
-5

LESSON

As a student, you might have encountered the following questions already:

What food and drink should you buy so that the total cost will not exceed your money?
In dividing your time between school works and household chores, how will you budget
your time so that you will still have at least 1 hour per day to play games? These
questions can be answered easily once you understand linear inequalities in two
variables but, let us look at first on how linear equations in two variables differ from
linear inequalities in two variables.

The following will help you differentiate linear inequalities in two variables
from linear equations in two variables.

In terms of writing the equations:

Linear equation in two variables is written using the equal (=) symbol while
linear inequality in two variables is written using any of the following inequality
symbols: greater than ( > ), less than ( < ), greater than or equal to ( ≥ ) and less than
or equal to ( ≤ ).

Linear Equations in Two Variables Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

written using any 2x + 3y > 10
written using the of the inequality 5x - 10y < 30
5x – 3y = 11
equal symbol symbols: >, < , ≥, x + 2y ≤ 12
≤ 4x + y ≥ 23

In terms of graphs:
The graph of linear equation in two variables is called a straight-line graph,
while the graph of linear inequality in two variables is called a half-plane graph. A
half-plane is confined by a line called the boundary line which can either be a solid
or a dash line depending on the inequality symbol used. In addition, the inequality
symbol determines which side of the boundary line is to be shaded.

Graph of Linear Equation: Graph of Linear Inequality:

Straight Line Half-plane

2x + y = 4 2x + y ≥ 4 This is the half-

plane. The shaded
region is towards
The boundary line is
the right side since
a solid line since the
all points in this
inequality symbol
side will satisfy the
used is ≥.
given inequality.

Still, there are some similarities between linear inequalities and linear
equations in two variables. One, they both have a set of ordered pairs (x,y) that must
satisfy the given equation. Second, they both have the same method for graphing the
linear equation and graphing the boundary line for the linear inequality in two
variables. Further discussion on how to graph linear inequalities will be discussed
in the next module.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Identify which symbol is most suitable to describe each of the following
situations. Use = , < , > , ≤ 𝑜𝑟 ≥.

______ 1. The amount you paid compared to the total amount of items you purchased
in an online store.

______ 2. The population in the Philippines as compared to the job opportunities.

______ 3. Your allowance compared to the total amount of items you can buy with it.

______ 4. The number of seconds in one minute compared to the number of minutes
in one hour.

______ 5. The number of sides of a quadrilateral compared to the number of sides of

a pentagon.

ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!

Direction: Write E if the given is a linear equation in two variables, I if it is a linear

inequality in two variables and N if it is neither of the two.

______ 1. 2x + y ≥ 7 ______ 6. 3x ≤ y

______ 2. 5x + y = 10 ______ 7. 0.5x + 0.5y = 2

______ 3. x = 4y ______ 8. 8x – 7y > 15

______ 4. x – 2y < 3 ______ 9. x2 + y = 1

______ 5. x + y ______ 10. 2y = 3x + 10

ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!

Directions: Can you identify the uniqueness and differences in the characteristics of
linear inequality in two variables and linear equation in two variables? Use the Venn
diagram to compare them.
 Linear Equation Linear Inequality
in Two in Two
Variables Variables

WRAP-UP

In this self-learning module, you have learned how to differentiate linear

inequalities and linear equations in two variables. How can you identify whether the
given or graph shows linear inequality in two variables? Explain your answer.

VALUING

According to Aristotle, “The worst form of inequality is to try to make unequal

things equal.” How will you interpret this? Do you believe that it does exist in our
society today? Why? Can you name some situations in your community where
inequality exists? Write your answer in your notebook.

POSTTEST

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter that corresponds to
the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is a linear inequality in two variables?

A. x + y < 4 B. 2x + 3y = 10 C. y ≥ 1 D. x ≤ 3

2. Which symbol is NOT used in linear inequalities in two variables?

A. ≤ B. < C. ≥ D. =

3. Which of the following is NOT linear equation in two variables?

 A. x + y = 3 B. x + y > 10 C. x - y = 1 D. 2x + 3y = 4

4. Which of the following describes the graph of a linear inequality in two variables?

A. Boundary Line B. Dash Line C. Half-plane D. Solid Line

5. Which of the following is NOT a graph of linear inequality in two variables?

A. B. C. D.

References

BOOKS:

Oronce, Orlando A. and Marilyn Mendoza. E-Math 8. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc.,
2015.
Dilao, Soledad, Lucia Herrera, Ma. Luisa Tesorio. Mathematics in Focus Grade 8.
Quezon City: Adriana Publishing Co. Inc., 2012
 POSTTEST
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
Linear Inequality Same Linear Equation
in two variables in two variables
process in
determining
Symbol: the solution; Symbols:
= Same method <, >, ≤, ≥
can be used
Graph: for graphing. Graph: Half-
Straight Line plane
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
1. I 6. I
2. E 7. E
3. E 8. I
4. I 9. N (the given is not linear)
5. N (the given is an expression) 10. E
ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
1. ≥ 2. > 3. ≤ 4. = 5. <
PRETEST
1. D 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D
KEY TO CORRECTION