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    Topic 1 - Pre-Historic Architecture (Stone Age)

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    Azha Clarice Villanueva
    The document discusses the beginnings of architecture from prehistoric times through the Stone Age. It describes how early humans lived as hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic period and began using basic stone tools. During the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, humans developed skills like farming, weaving, and pottery making, and started to build more substantial dwellings and settlements. Archaeological evidence shows the evolution of housing from simple huts and tents to structures made of animal skins, wood, and eventually stone. Megalithic structures also began to be constructed during prehistoric times as a way to mark burials and sites of religious significance.

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    Topic 1 - Pre-Historic Architecture (Stone Age)

    Uploaded by

    Azha Clarice Villanueva
    72 views19 pages
    The document discusses the beginnings of architecture from prehistoric times through the Stone Age. It describes how early humans lived as hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic period and began using basic stone tools. During the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, humans developed skills like farming, weaving, and pottery making, and started to build more substantial dwellings and settlements. Archaeological evidence shows the evolution of housing from simple huts and tents to structures made of animal skins, wood, and eventually stone. Megalithic structures also began to be constructed during prehistoric times as a way to mark burials and sites of religious significance.

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    TOPIC 1 - PRE-HISTORIC ARCHITECTURE (STONE AGE)

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    The document discusses the beginnings of architecture from prehistoric times through the Stone Age. It describes how early humans lived as hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic period and began using basic stone tools. During the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, humans developed skills like farming, weaving, and pottery making, and started to build more substantial dwellings and settlements. Archaeological evidence shows the evolution of housing from simple huts and tents to structures made of animal skins, wood, and eventually stone. Megalithic structures also began to be constructed during prehistoric times as a way to mark burials and sites of religious significance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    72 views19 pages

    Topic 1 - Pre-Historic Architecture (Stone Age)

    Uploaded by

    Azha Clarice Villanueva
    The document discusses the beginnings of architecture from prehistoric times through the Stone Age. It describes how early humans lived as hunter-gatherers during the Paleolithic period and began using basic stone tools. During the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, humans developed skills like farming, weaving, and pottery making, and started to build more substantial dwellings and settlements. Archaeological evidence shows the evolution of housing from simple huts and tents to structures made of animal skins, wood, and eventually stone. Megalithic structures also began to be constructed during prehistoric times as a way to mark burials and sites of religious significance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The Beginning of Architecture

    PRE-HISTORIC
    ARCHITECTURE
    Stone Age

    
    
    • No history
    PRE-HISTORY • No data for basis

    • Has records but cannot understood


    PROTOHISTORY

    • With understandable records


    HISTORY

    Archaeological remains helps to reconstruct the history. Radiocarbon dating is the method for determining the age
    of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon.
    THREE PART DIVISIONS that defines technology of tools and weapons

    • Stone Age - Longest division that lasted for 3.4 million years
    - Ended when the technique of smelting ore is
    • Bronze Age innovated and marked as the beginning the
    • Iron Age Bronze Age.
    - The first highly significant metal manufactured
    was bronze, an alloy of copper and tin or arsenic,
    each of which was smelted separately.

    • Paleolithic
    • Mesolithic
    • Neolithic
    PALEOLITHIC – Old Stone Age
    • Hominids are the early humans present this time;
    they are the tool-making ancestor
    • These early humans lived as hunters and gatherers.
    • First use of stone tools
    • Used stone tools with single sharp edges
    • Used cave art to depict life; usually illustrations of
    animals
    • Developed fire by rubbing stones
    MESOLITHIC – Middle Stone Age
    • Homo-erectus are the early humans present this
    time; the first tool-users.
    • Developed needle and thread and made clothes out
    of animal skin
    • Controlled fire; developed language
    • Made pottery and learned how to store food
    • Settlements started near rivers and lakes
    • Used bow and arrows
    • Began to tame animals
    NEOLITHIC – Late Stone Age
    • Only Homo-sapiens lived during this time
    • Developed wood carvings to build their shelter and
    tombs
    • Farming/Agriculture started; they learned how to
    cultivate lands
    • Developed religion such as Megaliths, Nature as
    their God
    ASPECTS THAT LED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF
    DWELLINGS DURING PREHISTORIC TIMES

    1. Nature Determinant 2. Man-made Determinant


    • Topography • Trade
    • Natural Resources • Political Power
    • Building Materials • Religion
    • Defense
    • Ethical Issues
    • Mobility
    Evidence of a wooden hut at Terra Amata near
    Nice, France dated to the Mindel Glaciation
    between 450, 000 and 380, 000 B.C.
    - Upper Paleolithic hut from Dolni Vestonice,
    Czechoslavakia
    - Dated 23,000 BC
    - Made of animal skins, packed clay and
    stones
    - Animal hides and furs for bedding and
    carpeting
    - Circular in form; Has pointed upper part as
    vent; Has hearth inside the hut

    The famous Venus figurine was found at this site.


    - Paleolithic hut found at Pushkari, Ukraine
    - It was divided to three sections. As you can see,
    looks flimsy and less sturdy.
    - A Mousterian Hut found at Moldova, Ukraine
    - Circular in plan, domical in form, smaller entry
    opening
    - Made of Mammoth bones, jaws and hides
    - It lasted for tens thousands of years.
    - A Magdalenian tent from the Upper
    Paleoltithic found at Plateau Parain in
    France
    - Dated at 15,000 – 10,000 BC
    - Made of leather and wood

    - Another Magdalenian Tent at


    Pincevis, France
    - There are two entrances and two
    hearths
    - Made of animal skin and wood
    - Upper Paleolithic huts at Mezin, Ukraine
    - Dated about 10,000 BC
    - Community flourished

    - Circular dwelling arrangement formed


    - Made of stone
    - Found at Malta, Siberia
    - Upper Paleolithic hut at Buret, Siberia
    - A model structure of Modern Architecture in terms of construction system

    Our ancestors may have lacked technology but they shared our
    aspirations towards a better life, comfort and protection of the family.
    MEGALITHIC STRUCTURES
    MEGA – large ; LITHOS - stone

    1.Monolith – “Menhir”
    2.Tumulus/Tumuli
    3.Dolmen
    4.Cove
    5.Trilithon
    6.Cairn
    7.Cromlech
    Monolith/Menhir Dolmen – a burial tomb; 3 to 4 upright stones
    – single upright megalithic stone supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or
    "table"
    Tumulus/Tumuli – has passage grave and burial chamber; used corbelling system
    Cove – set of 3 upright stones; 2 in the
    sides and 1 at the back
    Cairn – a heap of stones piled up as a
    monument, tombstone or landmark
    Trilithon – 2 upright stones, Cromlech – a circular arrangement of megaliths
    1 horizontal lintel enclosing a dolmen or burial mound

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