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Mathematics: Quarter 2 - Module 4 Operations On Rational Algebraicexpressions

This document provides lessons on operations involving rational algebraic expressions, including: 1) Multiplying rational algebraic expressions by breaking them down into fractions and using the property that multiplying fractions is equivalent to multiplying their numerators and denominators. 2) Dividing rational algebraic expressions by using the property that dividing fractions is equivalent to multiplying the first fraction by the reciprocal of the second fraction. 3) Adding and subtracting rational algebraic expressions by finding a common denominator and then combining like terms in the numerators. 4) Simplifying complex rational expressions using factoring and properties of fractions. 5) Applying rational expression operations to solve real-world problems involving rates, distances, and times.

Uploaded by

Manelyn Taga
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
100% found this document useful (1 vote)
2K views

Mathematics: Quarter 2 - Module 4 Operations On Rational Algebraicexpressions

This document provides lessons on operations involving rational algebraic expressions, including: 1) Multiplying rational algebraic expressions by breaking them down into fractions and using the property that multiplying fractions is equivalent to multiplying their numerators and denominators. 2) Dividing rational algebraic expressions by using the property that dividing fractions is equivalent to multiplying the first fraction by the reciprocal of the second fraction. 3) Adding and subtracting rational algebraic expressions by finding a common denominator and then combining like terms in the numerators. 4) Simplifying complex rational expressions using factoring and properties of fractions. 5) Applying rational expression operations to solve real-world problems involving rates, distances, and times.

Uploaded by

Manelyn Taga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8

Mathematics
Quarter 2 - Module 4
Operations on Rational
AlgebraicExpressions
Table of Content

What This Learning Package is About………………………………………………………...…i


What I Need to Know………………………………………………………………………………...i
How to Learn from this Learning Package………………………………………………………i
Icons of this Learning Package……………………………………………………………………ii
What I Know…………………………………………………………………………………………..iii

Lesson 1:
Multiplying Rational Algebraic Expressions…………………………….1
What I Need to Know………………………………………………………1
What’s New (Activity 1:Let’s Multiply Fractions!)………………………..1
What Is It…………………………………………………………………….1
What’s More (Activity 2:Let’s try this!)……………………………………2
What Is It………………………………………………………………….…3
What’s More (Activity 3:Let’s try more of this!)………………………….3
What’s New…………………………………………………………………4
What I Have Learned (Activity 4:Generalization)……………………….4
What I Can Do (Activity 5:Let’s do this!)…………………………………4

Lesson 2:
Dividing Rational Algebraic Expressions………………..……………….5
What’s In…………………………………………………………………….5
What I Need to Know……………………………………………………....5
What’s New (Activity 1:Let’s Divide Fractions!)…………..……………..5
What Is It…………………………………………………………………….5
What’s More (Activity 2:Let’s Divide this!)……………………………….6
What’s New………………………………………………………………….7
What I Have Learned (Activity 3:Generalization)……………………….7
What I Can Do (Activity 4:Let’s do this!)…………………………………7

Lesson 3:
Adding and Subtracting Rational Algebraic Expressions …….….8
What’s In…………………………………………………………………….8
What I Need to Know (Adding and Subtracting Similar Rational
Algebraic Expressions) ……………………………………………………8
What’s New (Activity 1:Let’s Add and Subtract Fractions!)…………….8
What Is It…………………………………………………………………….9
What’s More (Activity 2:Let’s Add and Subtract this!)…………………..9
What’s New………………………………………………………………..10
What Is It (Adding and Subtracting Dissimilar Rational Algebraic
Expressions) ………………………………………………………………10
What’s More (Activity 3:Let’s Add and Subtract this!)…………………11
What’s New………………………………………………………………..11
What I Have Learned (Activity 4:Generalization)……………………...11
What I Can Do (Activity 5:Let’s do this!)………………………………..11

Lesson 4:
Complex Rational Algebraic Expressions………………..…………….12
What’s In…………………………………………………………………...12
What I Need to Know……………………………………………………..12
What’s New (Activity 1:Let’s Simplify!)…………..…………..…………12
What Is It…………………………………………………………………...13
What’s More (Activity 2:Let’s Solve this!)………………….…………...15
What’s New………………………………………………………………..15
What I Have Learned (Activity 3:Generalization)……………………...15
What I Can Do (Activity 4:Let’s do this!)………………………………..15

Lesson 5:
Application on Rational Algebraic Expressions……………………..16
What’s In…………………………………………………………………...16
What I Need to Know……………………………………………………..16
What’s New (Activity 1:Let’s Find my Formula!)…………..…………..16
What Is It…………………………………………………………………...17
What’s More (Activity 2:Let’s Solve this!)………………….…………...18
What’s New………………………………………………………………..19
What I Have Learned (Activity 3:Generalization)……………………...19
What I Can Do (Activity 4:Let’s do this!)………………………………..19

Summary…………………………………………………………………………………..19
Assessment: (Post-Test)……………………………………………………………...20
Key to Answers………………………………………………………………………….21
References………………………………………………………………………………..22
What This Module is About

A rational algebraic expression is a ratio of two polynomials where the


denominator is not equal to zero. It is said to be in its simplest form when the
numerator and denominator are polynomials with no common factors other than 1.
In the previous module, you had learned on how to simplify rational algebraic
expressions. Now in this module, all your learnings in simplifying rational algebraic
expressions will be used to perform operations on rational algebraic expressions. As
these becomes clear to you through the succeeding activities, do not forget to think
about how to apply these concepts in solving real-life problems especially rate
related problems.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

● Perform operations on rational algebraic expressions. M8AL-Ic-d-1


● Solve problems involving rational algebraic expressions. M8AL-Id-2

How to Learn from this Module


To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

1. Carefully read all the lessons.


2. Take your time in going thru each lesson.
3. Answer the pretest honestly. The purpose of the pretest is for you to
determine your prior knowledge before going thru the lessons and activities.
4. If you have a hard time understanding the lessons and activities, please do
take a break. Having breaks between lessons and activities will give you
some space where you can absorb the lesson well.
5. You can use the internet if you need more information about the lesson.

1
Icons of this Module(Pls complete this page)

Align the icons with its respective illustration)

What I Know

Find out how much you already know about this module. Write the letter that
you think is the best answer to each question on a sheet of paper. Answer all items.
After taking and checking this short test, take note of the items that you were not able
to answer correctly and look for the right answer as you go through in this module.

(For exercises 1-3, multiply or divide.) Perform the indicated operation and incircle
the letter that correspond to your answer .(Write each answer in lowest terms.)

9(t +d ) 10(t +d ) 25 27
1. ÷ a. 3 ( t+ d )2 b. c. d.
5 6 27 25
27
25(t+ d)

c 2+7 c+10 4 c +12 4 (c+ 2)( c+3) 4 (c +2)( c+5)


2. 2 ∙ a. b. c.
c + 2c−15 3 c +15 3(c−3)(c+5) 3
4 (c +2)(c+ 3) 4 (c +2)
d.
3(c−3) 3
2
a2−b 2 8 1 (a+ b) (a−b)(a+ b)
3. ÷ a. b. c. d.
2 a−2 b a+b 16 16 16
a+b
8

(For exercises 4-7, add or subtract. Write each answer in lowest terms.)

3 r+ 1 r +9 2r +10 2r −8 4 r +10
4. − a. b. c. d. 2
r−4 r −4 r−4 r −4 r −4

t+ 2 3−2t 19−t 15−t 3 t +8 5−t


5. + a. b. c. d.
3t−9 5 t−15 15(t−3) 15(t−3) 15(t−3) 8(t−3)

3 x +2 x−1 x+1 2 x+ 3 4 x+1 2 x +1


6. − a. b. c. d.
4 x−5 5−4 x x+5 4 x−5 4 x−5 4 x−5

2
r−1 r−2 2 r 2−4 2
7. 2 + 2 a. b. r −1 c. d.
r −r −2 r −4 (r −2)( r+ 2)(r +1) r +1
2
(r +2)(r +1)

(For exercises 8-9, simplify the complex fraction.)

3−t
6 5(3+t) 5 5 5
8. a. b. c. d.
9−t 2 2 2(3+t) 2(3−t 3 ) 2(3−t )
15

x
−y 2
3 x x− y
9.
y−
x
a.( 3
−y ) b.
x+ y
c. −1 d.

3
x−3 y
x+ 3 y

For exercise 10, solve the problem.

10. Maria can paddle her canoe 2 miles upstream against the current in the same
time it would take her to paddle 6 miles downstream. Maria can paddle 2 mph
in still water. What is the speed of the current?

a. -1 mph b. 1 mph c. 3 mph d. 4 mph

3
Lesson Multiplying Rational
1 Algebraic Expressions

What I Need to Know

Just as we can multiply fractions, we can multiply rational expressions, or


fractions that include polynomials. In fact, we use the same processes for multiplying
rational expressions as we use for multiplying numeric fractions.
  The product of two rational expressions is the product of the numerators
divided by the product of the denominators. In symbols,

a c ac
∙ = ,bd ≠ 0
b d bd

What’s New

Activity 1: Let’s Multiply Fractions!


Perform the operation on the following fractions.

2 7 3 2 8 33
1. ∙ 2. ∙ 3. ∙
7 8 4 3 11 40

What Is It

Activity 1 shows how to multiply regular fractions. Just like in number 1,

2 7 (2 )( 7 ) ( 2 ) ( 7 ) 2 2 2 1 1
∙ = = = = = = =
7 8 ( 7 )( 8 ) ( 7 ) ( 8 ) 8 ( 2 )( 2 ) ( 2 ) (2 )( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 4

1
Rational expressions are multiplied the same way as you would multiply
regular fractions.
5t 4
Illustrative example 1: Find the product of and 2 .
8 3t

Express the numerators and denominators


into prime factors if possible.

Eliminate the common factors.

Simplify rational ecpressions expressions


using laws of exponents.

4x 3 x2 y2
Illustrative example 2: Multiply and .
3y 10

What’s More

Activity 2: Let’s try this!


Find the product of the following rational algebraic expressions.

10u v 2 6 x 2 y 2
1. ∙
3 x y 2 5 u2 v 2

2 ab c
2. ∙
3 c2 a2

2
What Is It
(Sir kindly fix your write ups. dili makita ang factors nga e cancel out)
2 x +1 x+ 1
Illustrative example 3: Multiply the rational expressions ∙ .
x 2−1 2 x 2+ x

Factor out

Multiply across the numerators and


across the denominators.
1 1 By color-coding the common factors, it is
clear which ones to eliminate or can be
divided easily which
. gives a quotient of 1.

Simplify

x 2+ 7 x+10 x 2−6 x−7


Illustrative example 4: Multiply the rational expressions ∙ .
x2 −9 x+14 x 2+6 x +5

1 1 1

What’s More

Activity 3: Let’s try more of this!


Find the product of the following rational algebraic expressions.

x 2−3 x x 2−4
1. ∙
x2 +3 x−10 x2 −x−6

3
x 2+ 2 x +1 y 2−1
2. ∙
y 2−2 y+ 1 x 2−1
a2−2 ab+ b2 a−1
3. ∙
a2 −1 a−b

What’s New

For you to learn more about Multiplying Rational Algebraic Expression, just
click the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RROSgr4oXjU.

What I Have Learned

Activity 4: Generalization

1. What are the steps in multiplying rational algebraic expressions?


______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. What do you observe from each step in multiplying rational algebraic


expressions?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I Can do

Activity 5: Let’s do this! (no entry of rational expressions)

Direction: Simplify by multiplying the following rational expressions.

4
Lesson Dividing Rational
2 Algebraic Expressions

What’s In

We have learned from Lesson 1 on how to multiply rational algebraic


expressions. We've seen that we multiply rational expressions like we multiply
fractions. It should come as no surprise that we also divide rational expressions the
same way we divide numerical fractions. Specifically, to divide rational expressions,
multiply the rational expression numerator by the reciprocal of the rational expression
denominator.

What I Need to Know

The quotient of two rational algebraic expressions is the product


of the dividend and the reciprocal of the divisor.In symbols,
a c a d ad
÷ = ∙ = ,b,c ,d≠0
b d b c bc

What’s New

Activity 1: Let’s Divide Fractions!


Perform the operation on the following fractions.

1 3 5 9 9 3
1. ÷ 2. ÷ 3. ÷
2 4 2 4 2 4

What Is It

sir the expressions are not visible


Activity 1 shows how to divide regular frations. Just like in number 1,

5
Rational expressions are divided the same way as you would divide regular
fractions.
6 a b2 9 a2 b2
Illustrative example 1: Find the quotient of and .
4 cd 8 c2 d
Multiply the dividend by the
reciprocal of the divisor.

Perform the steps in multiplying


rational algebraic expressions.

2 x 2+ x −6 x 2−2 x−8
Illustrative example 2: Divide by .
2 x 2 +7 x+5 2 x 2−3 x−20

What’s More

Activity 2: Let’s divide this!


Find the quotient of the following rational algebraic expressions.

81 xz 3 27 x2 z 2
1. ÷
36 y 12 xy

2 a+2 b 4
2. ÷
a2 +ab a

6
16 x 2−9 16 x 2+ 24 x+ 9
3. ÷
6−5 x−4 x 2 4 x 2+ 11 x+6

What’s New

For you to learn more about Dividing Rational Algebraic Expression, just click
the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMVOdIDNjpA.

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Generalization

1. What are the steps in dividing rational algebraic expressions?


______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. What do you observe from each step in dividing rational algebraic


expressions?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I Can do

Activity 4: Let’s do this!

Simplify each expressions.

3 5
1. ÷
8v 9v

8n 2n
2. ÷
7 n5 9 n4

x−9 x−9
3. ÷ 2
(x−3)( x +3) 5 x (x+3)

7
8(10−x) x−8
4. ÷
(x +1)(x −10) ( x−8)( x+1)

Adding and Subtracting


Lesson

3 Rational Algebraic

Expressions

What’s In

We have learned from Lessons 1 and 2 on how to multiply and divide rational
algebraic expressions. At start math, students usually learn how to add and subtract
whole numbers before being taught multiplication and division. However, with
fractions and rational expressions, multiplication and division are sometimes taught
first because these operations are easier to perform than addition and subtraction.
Addition and subtraction of rational expressions are not as easy to perform as
multiplication because, as with numeric fractions, the process involves finding
common denominators. By working carefully and writing down the steps along the
way, you can keep track of all of the numbers and variables and perform the
operations accurately.

What I Need to Know

Adding and Subtracting Similar Rational Algebraic Expressions

8
In adding or subtracting similar rational expressions, add or subtract the
numerators and write the answer in the numerator of the result over the common
denominator. In symbols,
a c a+c
+ = ,b≠0
b b b

What’s New

Activity 1: Let’s Add and Subtract Fractions!


Perform the operation on the following fractions.

1 3 5 9 10 5
1. + 2. + 3. +
2 2 4 4 13 13

What Is It

Activity 1 shows how to add and subtract regular fractions just like in number
1,
1 3 1+ 3 4
+ = = =2
2 2 2 2

Rational expressions are added and subtracted the same way as you would
add and subtract regular fractions.

x2 −2 x−7 3 x +1
Illustrative example 1: Add 2 and 2 .
x −9 x −9

Combine like terms in the


numerator.
9
Factor out the numerator and
denominator
−10−6 x−5 x 2 x2 +5 x−20
Illustrative example 2: Subtract 2 and 2 .
3 x + x−2 3 x + x−2

What’s More

Activity 2: Let’s add and subtract this!


Solve following rational algebraic expressions.

x2 +3 x−2 x 2−2 x +4 x2 +3 x +2 3 x+3


1. + 2. − 2
x 2−4 x 2−4 2
x −2 x +1 x −2 x +1

10
2.
What Is It

Adding and Subtracting Dissimilar Rational Algebraic Expressions

In adding or subtracting dissimilar rational expressions, change the rational


algebraic expressions into similar rational algebraic expressions using the least
common denominator or LCD and proceed as in adding similar fractions.

5 2
Illustrative example 3: Find the sum of 4 and .
18 a b 27 a3 b2 c

Express the denominators as


prime factors.

LCD
LCD of
of and
and Denominators of the rational
algebraic expressions
and
and
Take the factors of the
The
The LCD
LCD is
is denominators. When the same
factor is present in more than
one denimonator, take the factor
with the highest exponent. The
product of these factors is the
LCD.

Find a number equivalent to 1


that should be multiplied to the
rational algebraic expressions so
that the denominators are the
same with the LCD.
11
2x 3 x −6
Illustrative example 4: Find the sum of 2 and 2 .
x + 4 x+ 3 x +5 x +6

LCD
LCD of
of and
and

and
and

The
The LCD
LCD isis

What’s More

Activity 3: Let’s add and subtract this!

Simplify the rational algebraic expression.

x +8 3 x −2
1. 2
+ 2
x −4 x−4 x −4

What’s New

For you to learn more about Adding and Subtracting Dissimilar Rational
Algebraic Expression, just click the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=1KGVwaUhR-s.

What I Have Learned

12
Activity 4: Generalization

How do you add and subtract similar and dissimilar rational algebraic
expressions?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I Can do

Activity 5: Let’s do this!

Add and Subrtact the following rational expressions. Show all your solutions.

2 2 4 7 x−7 x +2
1. − + 2 2. +
4x 8x x 3 x+6 3 x +2

Lesson Complex Rational


4 Algebraic Expressions

What’s In

In the previous lessons, you had learned on how to multiply, divide, add and
subtract rational algebraic expressions. A rational algebraic expression is said to be
in its simplest form when the numerator and denominator are polynomials with no
common factors other than 1. You need all the concepts learned previously to
simplify complex rational expressions.

What I Need to Know

13
If the numerator or denominator, or both numerator and denominator of a
rational algebraic expression is also a rational algebraic expression, it is called a
complex rational algebraic expression. Simplifying complex rational expressions is
transforming it into a simple rational expression.

What’s New

Activity 1: Let’s Simplify!


Perform the operation on the following fractions.

3 1 1 5
+ +
5 5 2 4
1. 2.
4 1 4 2
− −
7 7 3 3

What Is It

Activity 1 shows how to solve complex frations. Just like in number 1,

First combine the numerator and


denominator by adding or subtracting.

Rewrite the complex fraction as a division


problem.

Rewrite the division as multiplication, using


the reciprocal of the divisor.
Answer
Multiply and simplify as needed.

A complex rational expression is a quotient with rational expressions in the


dividend, divisor, or in both. Simplify these in the exact same way as you would a
complex fraction.

14
2 3

a b
Illustrative example 1: Simplify
5 6
.
+ 2
b a

c c

2
c−2
Illustrative example 2: Simplify
c −4
1
.
1+
c +2
=

15
Complex rational expressions are quotients with rational expressions in the
divisor, dividend, or both. When written in fractional form, they appear to be fractions
within a fraction. These can be simplified by first treating the quotient as a division
problem. Then you can rewrite the division as multiplication using the reciprocal of
the divisor. Or you can simplify the complex rational expression by multiplying both
the numerator and denominator by a denominator common to all rational expressions
within the complex expression. This can help simplify the complex expression even
faster.

What’s More

Activity 2: Let’s solve this!


Solve following rational algebraic expressions.

1 1 x− y y
− −
x y x+ y x
1. 2.
1 1 x x− y
+ +
x2 y2 y x+ y

What’s New

16
For you to learn more about Complex Rational Algebraic Expression, just
click the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifDEetTq8bM.

What I Have Learned

Activity 3: Generalization

How to solve complex rational algebraic expressions?


______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I Can do

Activity 4: Let’s do this!

Simplify the complex rational algebraic expressions.

x 2
u+2 2 –
− 2 x2
1. 4 3 2.
x−4
u+2
x2

Lesson Application on Rational


5 Algebraic Expressions

What’s In

In the previous lessons, the discussion is all about operations on rational


algebraic expressions. How much of your initial ideas were discussed? Which ideas

17
are different and need revision? The skills in performing the operations on rational
algebraic expressions is one of the key concepts in solving rate-related problems.

What I Need to Know

Rational expressions can be useful tools for representing real life situations


and for finding answers to real problems. In particular, they are quite good for
describing distance-speed-time questions, and modeling multi-person work
problems.

What’s New

Activity 1: Let’s Find my Formula!


Work problems often ask us to calculate how long it will take different people
working at different speeds to finish a task.  The algebraic models of such situations
often involve rational equations derived from the work formula, W = rt.  The amount
of work done (W) is the product of the rate of work (r) and the time spent working (t).

Write the 3 versions of work formula:

1. 2. 3.

What Is It

Some work problems have multiple machines or people working on a project


together for the same amount of time but at different rates. In that case, we can add
their individual work rates together to get a total work rate. Let’s look at an example:

Illustrative example 1:
Myra takes 2 hours to plant 500 flower bulbs. Francis takes 3 hours to plant
450 flower bulbs. Working together, how long should it take them to plant 1500
bulbs?

Solution:
Myra: 18 Think about how many bulbs each
person can plant in one hour. This is
Francis: their planting rate.
Combine their hourly rates to
determine the rate they work toether.

Use one of the work formulas to write


a rational equation, for example .
We know r, the combined work rate,
and we know W, the amount of work
that must be done. What we don’t
know is how much time it will take to
do the required work at the
designated rate.

Solve the equation by multiplying


both sides by the common
denominator, then isolating t.

hours / 3 hours and 45 minutes

Answer:

It takes 3 hours and 45 minutes for Myra and Francis to plant 1500 flower bulbs
together.

Illustrative example 2:
One pipe can fill a pool 1.5 times faster than a second pipe. If both pipes are
open, the pool can be filled in 6 hours. If only the slower pipe is open, how long
would it take to fill the pool?

Solution:
Find the rates of each pipe alone and
the two working together.

Work = 1 pool filled

Hours needed for fast pipe to fill pool: p

Hours needed for slow pipe to fill pool


19
alone: 1.5p

Hours needed for both pipes together: 6

Write an equation that shows that the


in one hour is equal to the sum of the
work of each pipe.

Solve for p. One way to do this is to


rewrite the rational expressions using a
common denominator.
hours Commom denominator of p, 1.5p and 6
is 6p.
hours

Answer:

The slower pipe will take 15 hours to fill the pool alone.
Slow pipe takes 1.5p hours to do the
work alone.

What’s More

Activity 2: Let’s solve this!


Jamie, Pria and Paul can paint a room together in 2 hours. If Pria does the job
alone she can paint the room in 5 hours. If Paul works alone, he can paint the room
in 6 hours. If Jamie works alone, how long would it take her to paint the room?

What’s New

For you to learn more about on Application of Rational Algebraic Expression,


just click the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gD7A1LA4jO8.

What I Have Learned

20
Activity 3: Generalization

How important Rational Algebraic Expressions in solving rate-related


problems?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

What I Can do

Activity 4: Let’s do this!

Solve the problem and show your solution:

Tanya and Cam can each wash a car and vacuum its interior in 2 hours. Pat
needs 3 hours to do this same job by himself. If Pat, Cam and Tanya work together,
how long will it take them to clean a car?

Summary
Now that you have completed this module, let us summarize what have you learned:
1. Rate-related problems can be modeled using rational algebraic
expressions.
2. To multiply rational algebraic expressions, multiply the numerator and the
denominator, then simplify.
3. To divide rational algebraic expressions, multiply the dividend by the
reciprocal of the divisor, then multiply.
4. To add/subtract similar rational algebraic expressions, add/subtract the
numerators, and copy the common denominator.
5. To add/subtract dissimilar rational algebraic expressions, express each
with similar denominator, then add/subtract the numerators and copy the
common denominator.
6. A complex rational algebraic expression is an expression where the
numerator or denominator, or both the numerator and the denominator,
are rational algebraic expressions.

Assessment: (Post-Test)

21
For exercises 1-3, multiply or divide. Write each answer in lowest terms.

9(x + y ) 10 2
1. ∙ a. 3 ( x+ y )2 b. c. 3 d.
5 6(x + y ) 3
90
30(x+ y)

x 2+7 x +10 3 x+15 (x +2) 3(x+ 2) ( x +2)


2. 2
÷ a. b. c. d. 3
y + 2 y−15 3 y +15 ( y−3) ( y−3) 3( y−3)

a2−b 2 8 4 (a+ b)
3. ∙ a. b.4 c. d.8
2 a−2 b a+b a+b 4

For exercises 4-7, add or subtract. Write each answer in lowest terms.

3 y+ 9 y +7 4 y+9 4 y +7
4. + a. b. c. 16 d. 4
y + 4 y +4 y+ 4 y+ 4

a+2 3−2 a 11 a+1 15−a 3 a+ 8 5−a


5. − a. b. c. d.
3 a−9 5 a−15 15(a−3) 15(a−3) 15(a−3) 8(a−3)

3 x +2 x−1 x +1 2 x+ 3 2 x+ 3 2 x +1
6. + a. b. c. d.
4 x−5 5−4 x 4 x−5 4 x−5 4 x−5 4 x−5

r −1 r−2 2
7. 2
− 2 a. 0 b. 1 c. d.
r + r−2 r −4 r +1
2
(r +2)(r +1)

For exercises 8-9, simplify the complex fraction.

3−x
9 9+3 x 2 5 9+3 x
8. a. b. c. d.
9−x 2 2 9+3 x 9+3 x 5
15

x
−y 2
9 x x− y
9.
y−
x
a.( 9
−y ) b.
x+ y
c. −1 d.

9
x−9 y
x+ 9 y

For exercises 10, solve the problem.

22
10. It takes Brad 2 hours to mow his lawn. It takes Kris 3 hours to mow the same
lawn. At the same pace, how long would it take them to mow the lawn if they
do the job together?

1 1 1 5
a. 2 hours b. 1 hours c. 1 6 hours d. hours
2 5 6

Key to Answers

Answers may vary


Activity 4
23
Activity 3 x+6
Activity 4
clean a car.
It will take them 45 minutes to
Answers may vary.
24
https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/advanced-algebra/multiplying-rational-expressions/
Mike Estela, ChiliMath, Accessed june 17, 2020
%20Equations%20PreTest.pdf
https://www.dunkerton.k12.ia.us/vimages/shared/vnews/stories/52125dc587852/Rational
Rational Equations PreTest.pdf, Accesed June 17, 2020,
References
Pre-test/Post-test Lesson 2 Activity 5
C
A Activity 1
B
D Lesson 4
A 6
Activity 1
C
A Activity 2
C Z
Activity 2
C
B –1
Lesson 1 Activity 3 Activity 3
Answers may vary. Answers may vary
Activity 1 Activity 4
Activity 4
Lesson 5
Activity 2 –8 Activity 1
Lesson 3
Activity 3 Activity 1 Activity 2
2 It would take Jamie 7.5 hours to
paint the room by herself.
Activity 3
Answers may vary
The Organic Chemistry Tutor, Multiplying Rational Expressions, January 23, 2018,
Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RROSgr4oXjU

Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions, Accessed on June 17, 2020


http://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U11_L1
_T2_text_final.html

Devideratexp, Accessed June 18, 2020


https://www.lavc.edu/math/library/math113_114_115/Worksheets/divideratexp.pdf

The Organic Chemistry Tutor, Dividing Rational Expressions, January 23, 2018,
Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rMVOdIDNjpA

The Organic Chemistry Tutor, Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with the
same Denominators, January 23, 2018, Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WWwG2uh4OUE

The Organic Chemistry Tutor, Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with the
same Denominators, January 23, 2018, Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KGVwaUhR-s

Mike Estela, ChiliMath, Accessed june 17, 2020


https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/advanced-algebra/adding-subtracting-rational-
expressions/

Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions, Accessed on June 17, 2020


http://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/DevelopmentalMath/COURSE_TEXT2_RESOUR
CE/U15_L1_T3_text_final.html

Complex Rational Expressions, Accessed on June 17, 2020


http://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/DevelopmentalMath/COURSE_TEXT2_RESOUR
CE/U15_L1_T4_text_final.html

The Organic Chemistry Tutor, SimplifyingComplex Rational Expressions, January 23,


2018, Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifDEetTq8bM

Kuta Software LLC., 6.4 Complex Rational Expressions (worksheet) v1 20130117,


2013, Accessed June 18, 2020
https://d2ct263enury6r.cloudfront.net/Bd6Db9EzFRbECrATWL0xOOgwve7tUoBwnLxBZZ
ncMokBsvLD.pdf

Applying Rational Equations, Accessed on June 17, 2020


https://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U11_L2
_T2_text_final.html#:~:text=Rational%20expressions%20and%20rational
%20equations,modeling%20multi%2Dperson%20work%20problems.&text=Myra%20takes
%202%20hours%20to%20plant%20500%20flower%20bulbs.

Khan Academy, Applying rational equations, Nov 25, 2010, Accessed, june 17, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gD7A1LA4jO8

Learners Materials Mathematics Grade 8

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