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Physics Tutorial Formula List (Force and Motion)

1. The document provides formulas for various physics concepts including linear motion, Newton's laws of motion, moments, work, energy, power, projectile motion, momentum, circular motion, and gravitation. 2. Key linear motion formulas include equations for uniformly accelerated motion, velocity, displacement, and acceleration. 3. Newton's laws cover the relationships between net force, mass, and acceleration as well as action and reaction forces.

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Cheuk Kai Chan
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60 views4 pages

Physics Tutorial Formula List (Force and Motion)

1. The document provides formulas for various physics concepts including linear motion, Newton's laws of motion, moments, work, energy, power, projectile motion, momentum, circular motion, and gravitation. 2. Key linear motion formulas include equations for uniformly accelerated motion, velocity, displacement, and acceleration. 3. Newton's laws cover the relationships between net force, mass, and acceleration as well as action and reaction forces.

Uploaded by

Cheuk Kai Chan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Tutorial

Formula List (Force and Motion)

1. Linear motion

➢ For uniformly accelerated motion (i.e. acceleration a = constant)


𝑣 = 𝑢 + 𝑎𝑡
1
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑣 2 − 𝑢2 = 2𝑎𝑠
1
𝑠= (𝑣 + 𝑢)𝑡
2
Note:
v, u, s, a are all vectors, be very careful with the sign. We usually take upward/rightward
as positive, unless otherwise specified (E.g. the question has specified that which
direction is positive/negative.)

2. Newton’s law of motion

➢ Net force acting on a mass


𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑚𝑎
➢ Action and reaction force
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = −𝐹𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

3. Moment

➢ Moment of a force
𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝐹𝑑
Note:

d is the perpendicular distance from the force to the pivot


4. Work, Energy and Power

➢ Work done by a force


𝑊 = 𝐹𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
➢ Power
𝐸
𝑃= = 𝐹𝑣𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑡
Note:
- 𝜃 is the angle between the force vector and the displacement/velocity vector
- Work done/Power can be negative

➢ Gravitational potential energy


𝑃. 𝐸. = 𝑚𝑔ℎ
➢ Kinetic Energy
1
𝐾. 𝐸. = 𝑚𝑣 2
2
If no work done by other force
➢ 𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 (𝐾. 𝐸. +𝑃. 𝐸. ) = 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 (𝐾. 𝐸 + 𝑃. 𝐸. )
(i.e. conservation of mechanical energy)

5. Projectile motion

➢ Projectile range
𝑅 = 𝑢𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑡
𝑢2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃
𝑅=
𝑔
➢ Maximum height
(𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)2
ℎ=
2𝑔
➢ Time of flight
2𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑡=
𝑔
Also, these two formulas are very useful in solving projectile problems.
1
𝑠 = 𝑢𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑣 2 − 𝑢2 = 2𝑎𝑠

6. Momentum

➢ Momentum of a mass
𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣
➢ Impulse
𝐼 = 𝑚𝑣 − 𝑚𝑢
➢ Net force exerted in horizontal collision
𝑚𝑣 − 𝑚𝑢
𝐹𝑛𝑒𝑡 =
𝑡
➢ Force acting on the object in vertical collision
𝑚𝑣 − 𝑚𝑢
𝑁= + 𝑚𝑔
𝑡
➢ Conservation of momentum
𝑚1 𝑢1 + 𝑚2 𝑢2 = 𝑚1 𝑣1 + 𝑚2 𝑣2
Note:
this formula only applies when there is NO external force in the system.

7. Circular motion

➢ Angular velocity
𝜃
ω=
𝑡
➢ Period of circular motion
2𝜋
T=
𝜔
➢ Linear velocity in circular motion
v = 𝑟𝜔
➢ Centripetal acceleration
𝑣2
2
a = vω = r𝜔 =
𝑟
➢ Centripetal force

𝑚𝑣 2
F = mr𝜔2 =
𝑟

8. Gravitation

➢ Newton’s law of gravitation


𝐺𝑀𝑚
𝐹=
𝑟2
➢ Gravitational field/acceleration due to gravity
𝐺𝑀
𝑔=
𝑟2
➢ Speed of satellite/planet in certain orbit

𝐺𝑀
𝑣=√
𝑟

➢ Orbital radius of communication (synchronous) satellite

3 𝐺𝑀
𝑟=√
𝜔2

In general, for most questions related to gravitation,


Gravitational force = Centripetal force = Weight
i.e.

𝐺𝑀𝑚 2
𝑚𝑣 2
𝐹= = mr𝜔 = = 𝑚𝑔
𝑟2 𝑟

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