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Tutorial 1

Here are the Laplace transforms of the given functions: a) x(t) = e−t − e−2t + e−3t − e−4t b) x(t) = e−2t − e−3t + t*e−2t c) x(t) = e−4t − e−t d) x(t) = sin(t) + cos(t) e) x(t) = e−0.5t(e−t − e−2t + e−3t)

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Ahmed Alwaqedi
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46 views9 pages

Tutorial 1

Here are the Laplace transforms of the given functions: a) x(t) = e−t − e−2t + e−3t − e−4t b) x(t) = e−2t − e−3t + t*e−2t c) x(t) = e−4t − e−t d) x(t) = sin(t) + cos(t) e) x(t) = e−0.5t(e−t − e−2t + e−3t)

Uploaded by

Ahmed Alwaqedi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CEB2083 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL

MAY 2020 SEMESTER

Tutorial 1
Week 3

BY
Assoc. Prof. Dr Marappagounder Ramasamy / Dr Serene Lock /
Dr Mohd Hilmi Noh / Dr Nurul Aini Amran

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS (UTP)


Exercise 1

◼ Which of the following statements are true?

• Feedback and feedforward control both require a measured variable.

• The process variable to be controlled is not measured in feedback control.

• Feedforward control can be perfect in the theoretical sense that the


controller can take action via the manipulated variable even while the
controlled variable remains equal to its desired value.
• Feedforward control can provide perfect control; that is, the output can be
kept at its desired value with an imperfect process model.
• Feedback control will always take action regardless of the accuracy of any
process model that was used to design it and the source of a disturbance.
2
Exercise 2

◼ Consider a home heating system consisting of a natural gas-


fired furnace and a thermostat. In this case the process contains
both the measuring element and the controller. The furnace is
either on (heating) or off. Draw a schematic diagram for this
control system. On your diagram, identify the controlled
variables, manipulated variables, and disturbance variables.
Make sure to include several possible sources of disturbances
that can affect room temperature.

3
Exercise 3

◼ The distillation column shown in the drawing (next slide) is


used to distill a binary mixture. Symbols, x, y, and z denote mole
fractions of the more volatile component, while B, D, R, and F
represent molar flow rates. It is desired to control distillate
composition y despite disturbances in feed flow rate F. All flow
rates can be measured and manipulated with the exception of F,
which can only be measured. A composition analyzer provides
measurements on y.

4
Exercise 3: Distillation Column Control

Cooling Water
C R
O D, y
L
F, z U
M
N

Steam

B, x

a) Propose a feedback control method and sketch the schematic diagram


b) Suggest a feedforward control method and sketch the schematic
diagram
5
Exercise 4
FC

FT
Liquid
System 1
FC

FT
Liquid
System 2

◼ Two flow control loops are shown in the drawing. Indicate


whether each system is either a feedback or a feedforward
control system. Justify your answer.
◼ It can be assumed that the distance between the flow transmitter 6

(FT) and the control valve is quite small in each system.


Exercise 5

T1 T2
Stream 1 w1 w2 Stream 2
T3 Stream 3
w3

◼ A perfectly stirred, constant-volume tank has two input


streams, both consisting of the same liquid. The temperature
and flow rate of each of the streams can vary with time.
7
Exercise 5

a) Derive a dynamic model that will describe transient


operation. Make a degrees of freedom analysis assuming that
both Streams 1 and 2 come from upstream units (i.e., their
flow rates and temperatures are known functions of time)

b) Simplify your model, if possible, to one or more differential


equations eliminating any algebraic equations. Also, simplify
any derivatives of products of variables.

◼ Note: wi denotes mass flow rate. Liquid properties are


constant (not functions of temperature)

8
Exercise 6 – Laplace Transforms

Using partial fraction expansion where required, find x(t) for


𝑠 𝑠+1
a. 𝑋(𝑠) =
𝑠+2 𝑠+3 𝑠+4

𝑠+1
b. 𝑋(𝑠) =
𝑠+2 𝑠+3 𝑠 2 +4

𝑠+4
c. 𝑋(𝑠) =
𝑠+1 2

1
d. 𝑋(𝑠) =
𝑠 2 +𝑠+1

𝑠+1
e. 𝑋(𝑠) = 𝑒 −0.5𝑠
𝑠 𝑠+2 𝑠+3

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