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203 EEE 3107 A Class 06 Notes

The document discusses current conduction by electrons in metals. It explains drift velocity and how an electric field causes electron acceleration and drift. It also covers the Drude model of conductivity, giving equations for current density, drift velocity, mobility, and resistivity in terms of other variables. An example problem calculates the drift mobility and scattering time of electrons in copper.

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Mehedi Hasan
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74 views17 pages

203 EEE 3107 A Class 06 Notes

The document discusses current conduction by electrons in metals. It explains drift velocity and how an electric field causes electron acceleration and drift. It also covers the Drude model of conductivity, giving equations for current density, drift velocity, mobility, and resistivity in terms of other variables. An example problem calculates the drift mobility and scattering time of electrons in copper.

Uploaded by

Mehedi Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fall 2020

EEE 3107 / EEE 301


Electrical Properties of
Materials

Dr. Sadid Muneer

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

No electric field: Over a long time no net


displacement.

Electric field applied: Electron feels


acceleration in x-direction.

Principles of Electronic Materials and


Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.1&2 Page 115&116
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Drift velocity: Average velocity of electrons


in the direction of electric field.

Principles of Electronic Materials and


Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.1&2 Page 115&116
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Drift velocity: Average velocity of electrons


in the direction of electric field.

Principles of Electronic Materials and


Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.1&2 Page 115&116
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Drift velocity: Average velocity of electrons


in the direction of electric field.

Principles of Electronic Materials and


Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.1&2 Page 115&116
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.3 Page 117
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.3 Page 117
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.3 Page 117
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.3 Page 117
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal: Drude Model
Summary:

𝑱𝒙 = 𝒆𝒏𝒗𝒅𝒙 𝑱𝒙 = 𝒆𝒏𝝁𝒅 𝑬𝒙
𝒗𝒅𝒙 = 𝝁𝒅 𝑬𝒙 𝝈 = 𝒆𝒏𝝁𝒅
𝒆𝝉 𝟏 𝟏
𝝁𝒅 = 𝝆= =
𝒎𝒆 𝝈 𝒆𝒏𝝁𝒅

Jx : Current density in x-direction Ex : Electric field in x-direction


n : Electron concentration σ : Conductivity
vdx : Drift velocity ρ: Resistivity
μd : Mobility
Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU
Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal
Ex 2.2: Calculate the drift mobility and the mean scattering time of conduction electrons
in copper at room temperature, given that the conductivity of copper is 5.9×105 Ω-1cm-1.
The density of copper is 8.96 g.cm-3 and its atomic mass is 63.5 g.mol-1.

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Current Conduction by Electrons in Metal
Ex 2.2: Calculate the drift mobility and the mean scattering time of conduction electrons
in copper at room temperature, given that the conductivity of copper is 5.9×105 Ω-1cm-1.
The density of copper is 8.96 g.cm-3 and its atomic mass is 63.5 g.mol-1.

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


A Small Reminder about Resistivity

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


What about Experimental Data?

Practical
demonstration of
increase in resistivity
with the increase in
temperature

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Temperature Dependence of Resistivity:
a) Ideal Pure Metals
Assumption: Scattering by thermal vibration of
metal ions is the only scattering mechanism.

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.5 Page 122
Temperature Dependence of Resistivity:
a) Ideal Pure Metals

Principles of Electronic Materials


and Devices (3E), by S. O. Kasap

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU


Figure 2.5 Page 122
Thanks!

Copyright: Dr. Sadid Muneer, Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, UIU

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