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EM2 NOTES On Synchronous Machines

Handwritten notes on Synchronous machines

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Aman Singh
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1K views55 pages

EM2 NOTES On Synchronous Machines

Handwritten notes on Synchronous machines

Uploaded by

Aman Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Eleckical. Machines 7 4 6 «6 € « « Rotating eecthical Static hecreal Machtes Machines | (4-4 TF, 3-9 TF) Rotabn Rotating field te pe temad we tyre Hachines Machines (oc macnine) (cunrt]c, TH med i ( Ae Condition for EMP Induction: ' i ConductorsCArmatum ) ; ~ Flux (fied spt) , — Relative Motion con NOTEX ALL AC machines have same EMF &'— ae Construction ef SY Sepuchan us Haddin eo 5 a (2) Stator > Stostion ony past of Machina ov use (ti) Ropr > Rotating past 8 the machines caries pe fied uinding This” vbr dun case sqm enunccoy & woteted vat Ha help of privumover Cextenal) . Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner "A Longe m0. & anmatwu ton diffount giots in Pp 7 Stotoy cove Cowstretio, (a) Stator Slots -» wee n BynaLl mackines ond fo normally parallel sided for Sermiclosed Shots art used shines for ee rating tb) Stator teeth> The porti ° 2 wh { ds called ay Ctator tlt it ane bon alone ot prude path tov the fun Fron porb'on and. ) (oO Armature conductors | tomabun winelings > The Pam att wreudors or Phaud Jn stots. The wnducbes ae macle up of bopper and ubiuloted eomducbrs ane used, om stot uAll come Lange M0. of, conclictors Ex 10-20 tonductors - ductors cre placed in acti euler fasion Such That Nowmally coubde Joye Ja obtaivud: us used -for Qunatas udncding portion at back 4 Alot 4 The portion powde ' ator Sipfo > Ww outermost orton Of 9 Ss eae a at us tne p provide mechanical arent be ctettor cuserbly a whole stodor bude dn made up & diyname che batanu 39 wand ng Bhort waed fractional Alot (A) Stator cove > Te dvon teeth ds called as Stator WV pod for tu fla Scanned with CamScanner And thin Aaninations of 05mm thicknesc 4s prowided a: whole fominahion am Tuladed Te ye aired. 70 eg | Lamination au sagged togctin and. tightensd 4 by mute and bolts Tt ai obvious “that bigh rated alternators cay or laye magituds of wud which produ a baie 4 hud AO Sacial Ventileded duds ar prowided 4 co Mn ap—> Th portion betwen velox and stator iu gq called a It °° prouided +o fausitete the ad “ming “4 Actor. Ta Jevgth 4, ain q°P is desigrad a Parre qd ae tuto Covutclurotton ti v0. & foc gg at Types of Rotor > 4 Thos ast two typa 0 wobr Lonstruct' ova — 4 w Cy Lindsical wy wrshuchion s C2) Satient pols torstuch'on . ya Sunchronoua machina a auf on The bam yoloy wnstrudion- # ydlindsleal ator madunts | ve hey he Speed machines operate at 2000 2pm and vt aL ured in fousmal ower phavits me pe of, machine us the sablent A pe: maesied! o bee ot a Speed 4 ISop rpm owe ait four or nove U0. of pote and Thy On Used in hydaod ecic powun planta. (ay Lndvieab wlor> Tu The why it darvinadted Adu chew The “en ae One mack uP chromium Nickel cted: Tu plots Ox punched din the Sheets oh dawinedion. Te wot fi fidd walang which da erent a ld er pe fad winding ds prowlded 1 the elds This winding ca cusart that prow'ole mecenscrry Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner STR AA 4 a “Uh uo - = ee ee ee er ee ee eee UY Rotor Wve Fy High: sped Sobor U ie obseaved thad MMF pooductd b ds a De usent having a not Of snare 6 fn spau and. The Stepped wave Shape ts stationery ar $ a irated vee oct a nplsso Speed by wuans © Steam turbine. “Tait steppecl usave shape smd us wotated at Synchronous sped mechariicall : " a Stay uuindnt Or iducbra at plaud on clo e stator uot be did by fs muchanie ytuted i aturally an Smf Incduud un u Stecby yng. N a ae shope This ctepped Wau atwt o stepped Ww ¢ Ned ate foised at -furcamental mf 4 voave shee be order harxmont ct - efor thu seavn us Short Uoleel So cu to emf whieh pvt of emf ee Lavafla sol wary ot Aner afov jemate pt a qh disadvan’ Ml Daal veered “y 5 seduce te 9 aled em ig OT dl Scanned hy CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner fret cerent Which stepped Wave 6) Solvent pol Kotor ai 4 es Poke Anat eq nan nang “4 wind feta ve? 7 t au B 1 Rolowtove ey “a ef 1 4 cH a Ma C fiedd uumel'ng- A coLh chs pre -fabn cated aya then > Pdaud on pols body. The fier Crd of the » DA do un Seues 10 : toil 6{ the poles asu Connecte alae ’ ’ ’ ) fom a wonbnuow OC field under cabient pole, + Huy 6 2ut be moted thad um tw ee the length Of Qn ap i "10 tors eT tHe rote pesiphay! as dn case &, cybindns 4 - machines - Te Jengtt 4 Ue r un faye’ machine usalong “Hudaxu and max. ay y q-avis- This pal a wie youation ve Yelutome as we moe frown d- ake Y yam. Of Synchaonous machine 2 — 4 Schematic _ diag i ea Scanned with CamScanner vol stay_ comnectom only 8. : pu -® AG of ston pee Von = Mes -7s mo Per phase a a Mpachion edutocl » ‘ ps dapenel PM The unsutation prowicledl Un marcrint voltage eae cout of vine ubetion 4 ate Ecco ‘efrS falafel afiat » — Neutral fotvet a available - “4 » ae Premadune ea chon 3- ~ [+ is difirud % the bet > avant ee : “the mein fle. flux (op). The effet of Oi q veaction can be uttlised un qollouin “q~ conditions = — “q~ C) No-foad comdttin -> The votor of, of apm qe machin wmst oD Oo DC fietol winding - Gn thus field Sys uinding 9 a Vvottage “f de ie vouch a : QO pik wh tht J pag ; Ol eat Lp produces toch'on! a tsy ft ft Now Let us auune that te sotoy rh ad machine sa Yotated| at Specs eewaely aucilnebuie dixec”. Ths wu 1 oe tied flux 4 at Synchatou re uA Hecke a Tw un Wd P 6} machine Giz val be let el Sunchao wow ae Ja mm ectaud. rotat von Link Ghosto¥ wie He emp will aud on the es Shots ", Enoluced uA ths balanud 2-9 oy dig Gace altemstoY a rennng at no- Lood Thanefone” Sep quaint [Fa pLp, Te = 0 | aad amature fie Scanned with CamScanner ffl be fi a . [a ol and only Available flux din (he UA ap su ye, hue a ho anmmatuw veachon un the Mackine et no load - Li) Load tondehion ¢ - Now bel ut asumu ee AMmmahre Ls ponneded with'3: tp load aBoss wet of, tu ablesnatoy - Now eat balanad se Ta, We Te cuit stant flowing un balance 3-9 vist Sani : a which rotated ws ote df edrcally i te Sama direc” wn WM alsuad, Dading. in thes condition, ‘the effet °4 ~ ” ha main fell flux ua cabled asmotwu vac 646444 6 Cee ws oe He Efe of Aromatase Reae® for fasky rom ee Snduckive & Capacitive Aoadl. ¢ SUUOUOKUHKHOVUOVYEYEVYUUUGgBUHE , | i y f box 1 / Dp | ( jlapaative - I nd Jag Scanned with CamScanner a @; Tha Ehtect 9, aamratuu rear’ dipe wd ufon fol lowing ; we ttuags CY Narreve 04 the loael > Magoritercls of tla load 47 pw yeustve load §- Ue Kaow that Hu ve at aud current art l Mase fog Verte ford {do asmature ewuunt : Ta lta) are iin phase with Imduad voltage bud dt tags main field flux bY 40". ,*, armature dlux ba ings by by 40°. eon Hh 4. ut ds cular that un the rad hay ay te pole pitch, a opporer de be Ga has deereagrubting effet 08 oy. 3 : t ws dn Praag na be a ba tas mag ving 4 < thom Of... for veuitive Load the overale effect © 5 i netsin Ol aimatwr vert 4 AOU ~mag t- 4or pur ductive Loacl > - : Tamar cursunt Ja (Ga) Tage Sn Hes case rnd Gudutad Cnet € dnduad emf € 6b 4o ° JK 4 Daas dp by for. Wo ba tag! a4 wd a ae ‘ fi Shu da on a out a, phase ae a othe OVAL Effed” Of pumatim Comp Ate eee . antennae nehnahnanarnhA Scanned with CamScanner I dati teaciaetaata te actaaa eoutueus: 6 : > v e © » purdy upautve doacl 3- el Ooo (dq) deads wtacluced Gone gd Gee ln Effect of Cimaturt vege” us annie sult om Sar Exctatin systeons. fos ipachsondis mje 8 - eydtabon Muaes parelectiont of flux by pasing udrclin 4H a 1 ckt 07 tudo on Tle ield Ged cd wf _ De cweant le ve quired to Excite, on >, a Lemvorteus W/E a : t suppiect de the outer Fe toy smaut miley DC tb Supp.lre P se Th pas by @ enrractor caclec| a6 a ‘ at small er Dc cutnacfot A L by a te ae main and pitet Cxechors a Main she e| dha Sum mic 6. de main €xeitoy by Tarough brahts bed P Ok noun! on tt Cnucker , ensrador) The De Ol? b iver 4p th field wuarnalng Ona erly : fow ant size MYC Ac excttors wd Plow ef De exctor- Ac Eyeitors ant . ecifed eras The Ol? an AC ae Gnd Sw pplied “Phau nuh brakes ome Stippeungs a me rene r gnats wath “tbe svectin gs cue A oe wwugawatls The Exettaton com becownu Ve q ey The prvd.tem o| axe usd an ef lu main sya me of the Scanned with CamScanner —’ 1 Frnf & a; 1s NY ean heoh, amet 4, power k3uidin context be comet Dogs vain J Unfeaib: AY py io tata bxifeton ont Fer aidew cits J 4A Small Adeet coubled AC gen. wth ite field & Cet om thu Adatoy ahd arm emt on th voter Th 3- oIP an Ac. Sxcttor us vectifi . SOLA phase veubhedy The reettfied /P 4 tomnected diheety jo tHe field windy « Th Simvneting the fie 4 persed ond shippeungs: AP EMP Ean of an_alternator > ak, g = Usefut flux re pote wn Weber Pe Numba o pou in the machion - 299 TNH LDL XP = Total no. 6{ londuetors in Sores per pave oy > en puase “ Te: Twat rt an eee | - § a0) mn ; "me pee tree) | fc faaquincy ef quote voltage in Hz ° a Bina ta ftax fe pote ws G, Each Conduct cuts a $i funy Rb . <, Tae reese value of qenwated Vobtege por conductor ‘I = Fuustaud por Yevoduton dn Wb. _ Tr takin for 4 ‘Tevoluchon wy SeC. Gina, n Mévohudions ate smade an 1 Second * 4 volition ts made In dn Seond. o> ia a Scanned with CamScanner Fav | tonductor hh - cp vo.tts ' We Know -Ihal, iE p- tN 120 DS Py- oF aus PF 9, Eau] tondudor = 2 > Bane, thee wu Zz wondud ; Phrase; The avexage qeunated voulaye re phase Eax| phase = DEoZ vouls Zp = 21 | Tow | phare = YEO Te volts form Facey kp = RMS Valut avg Value Ke = Itt Cfor sin wave) ominine = WG wets | 4 § a age comet of, te fubmin nme The actual Jemrt ‘vo wd ow a the corned b| two vo onent a a Qe ts voktaye vor ou on only fet a 7 © “or be eusated pecause sed 4 wa that WP hs lomponsst 4S veaenged 3 excitation “ton voltage du TEP led Eexe. ted vou ae ovat eh Gert ioe i ee ee vet 1 Epr: Tha Noltg: thet OL do fake Cutt rust ve adelid “to 2 Yotiege dot temnecled in Contes per is SEHOUUKOUOUV VEU SESE BUUUUUUUCCEC BEEK LE YE Scanned with CamScanner Armedu yeactin - Ae aa [Fes tmet Eme_| bt Sime, amature veae” yorwlts ue a. voltage a Gretd camed dun flux , 4a Some Chk y Ita Wea Ci o te ‘ Qn duductive Yeoranees *. Ene Eqpivadace * Velage Of uuelustve acactanu- a Tae ~IT kag La artanu The Unduetive seacanu Xar a ftetitious ve Mhich Wik Yautt dn a eure tn He oom Cutuit fo Qceount fev the ect of armors Asmat React voltaze Yelot'ons we “fot en be eta be model a yin gaia wth uncbeanal Gemnates Voltare . dn addition fo The Sfyects 04 armatuan wea", The Slatoy wivcling Abo have Sty Inductance and a Yadtanu - tet, Xa = Self ductive Racanu of Stator Lalnling Ra c tmatwe ( Stetoy voitenu ) The feminat vottye Vii given vas Ve Ea- 4 XarTa- {Xelg~ Taka Ulu, Take wei dap anor enstenu Hf, : Ye wmoat we - Tara vs Oimatuar reactance voltage Abs p- TaXpe he Wmatur meact volley € Scanned with CamScanner Pile a as a a a el aS aS aS 8 el al al aS eh aS al PS. ff.f_9 TRE Asmmateure reac effects aud tte Leakage yur Sefects da He MC AM bot, deprecended by C bicluetive ~ Qeretances. 1. Thee both reactants are concbreed ie dp dom Single Veactance « Syrehtonbis vedetauce 4 ie by — se _ Mat XAK | Suarhousus dupedoucs as fi “ ‘y Ks- Rat Xs ] eeuobhbibbhee ooe » 00” oat +ep™ Exe lob+ pa? _ foe = |ryopeg t Take) + fs [eve AeA Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner t i ee | = Phaton Pingaavn fom Unt FES & Jars 02 pv Nf Bee Ta Op = 0c? + CD™ Eats (OA tHE + CD” Eas [OVr tab) +t Lw)* AP Phawor dian am fox heading PP - pe Scanned with CamScanner ° +e Vole nye Regulation 4 ‘ © npftaye ot The ve ea Sym geureto gh alse dn vot od vo the Tominal whin load us b from fut (ond . Y Hed Value fo ain y peed end fietd want (rmein : lOnstaud and can be awritten a - . Ie Voltage pet = Aa ¥ lod fe 7 whe Fas meagre of goo Vollege fe . hake 7 : Ve A urhuolt aN vetted Jeuminal voltae » en phase: Sat Qeternination of Voltage Regulacon ° . tlowsing “oo muttueds — : ieee dutermined by following o- Drsect load text 2— Indirect muthod 5 at 5 botheel lend Tat> The abfeater 4 2 is asiqurtel Pe Syre Speed al is fewinal voMepe tl its vated value V- The i to vated values at amnuter k wabimetet wind ‘ yamove 7 i w the toad wa content t ower ay The sad tha Feetd te L fiend orrurt ant BF Tha open tkt ov 710 loa vo Hage Ew Fan the VR ob founel by > EA x00 . “Thy vuthod of direct Loading dn Auidable ony Swat alternators *% power. veching ten than > > > ’ > > > > > > » ’ U » Scanned with CamScanner ed é€ét d 5 Sym. dupe danu method oF EMP method 2) frmpere Turn wuethed ov MMP methoel 3) Kuro pf mettre os Poter Method - Syn. anu Method 2— the efol lowing tect ferpormeel ov am altemator - ~t@ DC Jortstona Test i) Open uireutet Test PLO Short cieutt Test - eae Pe Cok ft Assune thet tae ws | is alex eonnteted wate pe pied win or 7 . BA Alou din iy Mt eal de evita [v0 fool pax of “ ‘te singe ammeter - volimeto meta’ 7. tae Ac veuiton ee v thu Value 4 venteta tt is akuidial by > wane pe Seustanwr att Ot, Phere Shiu te hye tive Ac fo Ja ae dian the dC Weeltanu clue to Aun Wect ey. AC wevitanu PO phase a 44 by snulipLiee by & a rfastos Of 1.2.0-1994 ‘ . © « . « Tnredircet Method & | fon targe altematys, 3 dnadinect muthods -fo VR cateutetim are ah -fottowa . pee of Ie Scanned with CamScanner ae “oe “a “a va) Peet Se Sec cc eZ i =< y 8 599339» ( =o Fig: - Open cis ceick Test S O.0-€ Voe oe Ty De Supp ly Test open- re, crv cet * Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner PARP? PA AA 22 4 2 PER RRR E LEP PDOOT D D E a> PII AAA ALES ESOS . Scanned with CamScanné SC — Shoat cbt Test f a ] Open Okt QA Se dhe tonneted altemator ib raked at [boo KUA, » ~ WBSre Volts The armahin, Gferive Teutanut and S47 ms = y Hy D> veactann AM L5.2 and Bor rsp. per phase - Cafeulate Tt w fo Votraye vequlation foy a tad + 1280 ku at & bec'ne 7 » Power {Retors” of O8 Je cacliny . warily and 08 Jopyng : _ BL ‘ V 2 13500 volt . . . a) evita (642652) 9243.54: Tr VR = Poy 52> FAY eZ, 9944-20 wwuvuvuvvuvvuvvvvs seve uuuuwen Scanned with CamScanner Ro a = Reading —> AL ee ( Veesp + Ty Ra) (-vainb aS) Ferddanu 4% 05 ase ond a “4” veacunu Lan pe phase * talus ade + VRQ ak fll [dad ot Pf eh » ° % : — wo 2 6s94a0y% 4 tax cl) we | FIWrxX 0-6 T t l : ol : aus d : 121699369 + Csggies:23 x D> 6857-89 o 6859-8 -— F442 A 39. * | ' 74 Unt, —s Faye S / S fa \ Oe) & 2 ames coor ty eae 3 sm bo t6vose.44 x] bo ite Desde ° - D> Boys. 2: 4797s @ > Seer tte Sa ‘ ee pe ¢ F49N-D ‘ ° OS At y Atay vnnuted Sy generator ‘ rraded at Lo KVA, 230 Volt has an axmatus ; ( ‘( \ (a) 0-8 Iayy \» Lend (0) Detenune | pt such Hat V-R ~ xe0 on tw aol . Scanned with CamScanner yp O&A HORVA stay tonnided, Wov, S-¥, a | Mtlesmatoy, The Shhechve Atmatun Tedstanu vw Oe PO phase « The cym. veoen oo 2.2.2 per phase Ane the Jeara ® Aten at | » (a) Delemot Cm, wb) No toad @m Pt Sp VR ag fesee loadl tus + wW Vatu 4 ria yeactane Which replaces aan > ” » e Yeacany ye 0.55 pa phase vated foal ane Unity pt » dae” » ol bag = Vt Jats — Ay Rat pra | No Load * Vt Tad & A 500 Volt, SORA Alng te Phare alternator has On effective Oxmatun Yedtave BL O20. An exactahion Cunt loA prod ucet or amp asmatur cust on Short cuit and an tnd % 450 volt on open Creud Calculate dynchaomou reAchns ‘ool z= open oud € — Short trwid cwount = 4% = 205 200 Xo= 225 Rye 02m Yes (72 — ka Xs = 34] meee Scanned with CamScanner Mme wuthod for Ove pere hun method -- the MMe at Kollving bul pirdud oy field duvet Ond field turn id lhe mmr stadt thes field lundin nus have — Mme Yqwred 40 induud vated laminal voltae On Onc ) MME fquivabeut opposite to the davactoy reaction mrt +o ouncome te Cfhet Of Umatur Thue MME can be found from Ge a aos Ad Jty DB the fietd uwuunt that ull give vated Teruiinal voltae Th Will be tha fred uvount thet tall give full Joad uwount on C+ ae Method matter Use o{ phasor diagram MVE OMe win proudutes 4 Used for chesg the phasor diogvam at og ging power fador Sas Scanned with CamScanner SP PLL PPP LLLLL LO > ee a a LALLLLLLL ISP POLS rrpre- HE Ze. power farton dont or Bay “Uviany te maahad > UO Ut UO oe Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner endl 4 & (ee, eda » : j is e Me wadny in a tuaye BL Avmahine Fermin al rte = Ce eee ee irnt | Olu v Aan (7 trie smactaul rated or . ' y a Aperd avd tro pour facto t y 2 _ mec . / f 7 Pre ta rach Lite tt ( a. Oe de de ee v Mina voltage V +f as 7hn pow ven fadow 2% A eee Zite ss truth Jaks that - x es § ectce oud ay tbe mye : keen ah qe? ‘ 1, thy tami al ie She to ie Ja thou dt tI pour 4 lee fla Sage vein” J voltmeV “4 i, ba lo, 2 To a Ve jou baw faa i tossroted Voltage fs phase 44 4 oitasfiss ‘Cacion raed ancl wn lees Senodusy and Ia: FE mm} >} main fie ny S¢ 44 paawldaut a thowfove tu tan day that +: [Fy > Fox t Fr a) 1 . 1 Fal ty ron be Comupded sdb als eg ulvetlent fret 1 sud fom “4 divucling ate both “Ai'ole bg ee the 1 2 me pols on the vOtor Luincdng ol Ty neeeeccece Jew Ja ae el 4 Tf igs “1 ee | EF = Jay +Iy | — &) Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner 2 fy un 4d Uwvunt procduud 4 mpre axmatuw Teach 4s 708- ee eet brig op sala Zp o4 wut sahion Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner AOE Vevdsletnree > Ray fe weg lded Spo 0D totes doaed aeceenttely vepaetente a Lian HO YO mf and voltage om 20 dead \ Fina Cenc ea ea volte, oi dpe, nde € votly a i re ‘yf Mo VY Low Sng canstand 3: 7 Tsoudure dy oldain VR ly ZPF > Wie : » following prouduu ds wed fo obtain in ae by zpp mullet : a y . Qh The Phasor lie acon fi Dd fenging | powue fader a el) Shown ca aed yam Ta p hasoy Alagraam OA =V = bt ERamoral vo.ttaye oct jl loads Sf 4 takin cu a: ye tf evena r aor” aud drawn tarizontally. OB-= Iau el fu load count lagging at por factor ong te el 1 e Ae ais sop Rs in amature yeatmu Jt el a cel um [lel to Ja: is Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Jax : A Coakage eA cher mo 4 « to Ton To ; « Find tay ott OD, ad IPYexeudy Teg vendatel °, pietq CXtHlabian Pg oe Jiheted eng ¢ a = i a 18 Gensatad ly SS fad cusreuct ee F000. “Drew GH [| “fo « to A 1D VEPeent Cxci-tecty, a po fel toad eae, ee ae Cavett epreend total « fretd 4 a my Wend D, 3 Ss (OM EPondin “ oe uke ot & lor) e! Pe, p fil ¢xeHeb ian On + C ra 4 A40y Oh Va, behind OH by qo" Cr oe 7 ee ° OK vepresenly tone drop a. Yeach’on: Nowa — te «, e > AYR ty V x leo » ott § een chaos action LS phase altuncdyy Cle operccin «, « : » € > Of atanators ) ©) 5 With the imeeare in demand of toad on clomustic € r > wd sine] usbial Sectors, Mmstaled copacct Bf pouser > Plant tt inargasin daw ba day. Obutourty a Single altesnatoy Cannot suppl “ots fue eucou a 9 > . . 9 dumand of Huw Load. Theupove wt 4s meteyar +0 © enatte several alternators in parallel utd cach = otha, tHe proces of toniading aA parallel Anel ag lncoming altenaty unith exasting qhoup Of wvltesntos 2 Us called As apr teen atte: following coveldbion Ki fted before an pe allernatoy dos hep | must be 40 connected] uuith 7 atbern alow alternators — : D Volteye o incomming { bw bar ableanstor. Hut 2 As machin wuat te sane 4 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner > a r = *) The Phrase Sequence Of i ced alternate y ep be game ar dat of husbae alternate” a a frey + Of tne alternator yrust e = { bus ban alternator ~~ 1) These should be 0 atlative phase ALi pldnunt ay Crcomirng aUernator ancl burhar Altanater . : ¢ : : “te Plase Sequence is the order in which phase vedtage Shy wand Veachu the 0 OF MAx. values ely Métliod ef Synchronization > ALL dark Launp metlroel — Ont dak 2 bacgtdt damp method — ALL bAigut Camp wuthod DAM dark Lawp method —> ees — y [ een 04 — , Busbas tie uC ream yf iy J me Taconung machuy % ° Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner . mi e ° t ae Kony es by \ 7: = re oS - re » « \ e a, 0) e~ Ae yy sy . Naty e bd mw ae Ue NTT td ¢ Be Svea | or fleld Cuinenl np taienny e caret ae wl Ve egy i . : % ele as "1 a 2% or Wye d Phage 9 . Co Ne gdenee Of og d PsSane cu Ina} | MeoMming Miwehiine thant he 2) 9 AN OE bebe widetitne ) In © 2 ; Ordes In enstne (brat lhe [hase ceneme a lh Cony 2 COMUNE Machi ob stetone AK Heo} th pho Wyrenee B { bucbay onachiae, coe fave die tea ee bene > Db] rnd ao yo and yy cmd awd 1 2 Ray B ate de Jesusine te 9h bre hay anadvnr ang 9 Y and yr and RB? cu [hae Pennants “ incr nsin Machine: Tf the dante Seqpeanet a eos tag | Ci ix Lawn pt > 3 : D as thes pf but bar onaeline then : wtatlayd “| , Machine 6 fame A e equally clask Od Lyscatd ect one Penne I d Sequence 3G “devercoa Then Card hue Tf phrase a f | cycler @yeler: Lohtn BR wu) yew nttewnedlvey wea phase ef bus bay ynahiw ipetn man crth RK An vre e} ancomig martunt fen Vottage bw i fangs counteled bw A and W R awd I cud Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner anys . p>? He oftus land 44 Revd R esd Owe 1 J prrase Guth each other Hun Hue 5 2 wR and RP wl be at thats bag deat . : u ds te fall y and wane BRB < \ fon to he Aachiifred cb “the frequen p 4g Machine shoutd Le Same a that Tle speed of primeoves PF sted in Such a uay that both rt owt Aama: If He diffoune 4 e b)w The Freomai ng machin thet b rpg & dame 4s UU fost 4) The exact cuudant of aud R? overlap each Ayndorvicetion waht dy 5 ve turn 4o 1 Care and Band 8? At tha ansturt Of one Lamp vad use at dart polet < aad St 4s observed that exact Instant ” a Aynebsonitah'an COM be achieved © wohan [ncomun — ater! Or Slower . el? yw the SWuTth Larag axed to busbar mache > TNO 9 ty Uosed thin oll [amps cy Calli a a ep! doak Lamp withod - fa lens Bb sunning Shi od Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner c d ( ts i Ses / : ~ Prcchay (S ) A +. Methay Me) fleed or Machine Or i | ee eece de . din Comnetion dicgrarn ‘ He tite 5 Uffacd fo tu mehod eb tonructoy of Brew Fie cell dark Lamp mutlrod oy Hu meno Lamps ol R phase cuu comneded dine ely wohwua, lamps of phase Vand B asl Loss comvucted i) The voliage Bam a that 4 bubs > > > a machine must be 2 - Me ' 2 oblaind be aa ashing fied twoent of dncrming 2 2 ~ Eating : rachint and ty com be Attexnator - Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner i] The phase 2) : Sepurney of dacoming Wachine wurst be Sanne ar tot of doa a B Mas aed by tomniding 6 Longs QUA * | Prae RsVanel B Tf au 1 samp: qlows eu us clic manna te fdut Lamp win R phue © Wi be dank aud Lamps of Y ancl ® phua “ull oy be bright, Hun Lamp Y phase 4 dawk and 7 » Lampe" of Rand @ phases ase brigtd- Ton = lamps ef B phase ui dark and lamp % Randy €@ 5 Orn bALg bt . v 3% be satin fied b frequency of vin coming a Mackin Yumt be Same a berbar madite Tf <3 the diffouna 8 fequin 4 dncovning busbar She Machin us toes thon a of feygeum e a Aud vematnye Y Lompa of Yand B at & brigtt an pally @l order to ensure Covet mata ao Aq ~ : el . nation +» Sutteh Kw closed volcbe sy Eqndorcope toudur 0 posibian sy 2 Notes ty be paach'c p observed Hed for e Uostry Suuteh 2, te fre yin wrcomnin rade > A made olebiberat aster Han bus bat-machry. et 7 Tn thu condth'm only Hu needle 4 4 epictoucon € a rm et Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner ys yp hte ZF, A : Teh i it osk se disectton. The Movermunty . e Sumchuomi ass, Autiteh 4 3 bog Beta 0 olen boad— She axing b . Paxatter a fos 2 alterncty vs Operating cn ] a) BEveyey Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Assume thet and -Ze= Xe etd ceuctunt ds dam atunt Lf” Step 1 hd, is the EME Induecl Ty a to Gyyut flouuin by sh the Pf an qe Sy ue the load Tx us syn to Los 4 ws Von I, drop Tw = watt ful component 4 3, = Jcosby i tf fect of change of Excitahm Monts 2707 C0) buaban [ React vemrlanct of am attenator ive power torbot] cis meg te gible 5 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner foo wut ete we. Es dmarare such ee Imerosed oe FA the uw cusguent | (25064 O) 4 He wu pp agi Ty sy, 2 ood ful eae o, PS Tho fone, Oukpud 1, = VT} weg? Steps s- New EMP. EY New syn. weacbne drop. Ix, New wovent wo T” a iP 3, b> by But ym wos. = Tosh y NO SP i. Rovoer output, Ps V4 cox? Vor, = Py ee te Ale Hepa fs Explaimd above as the fxcttation at i MW d vi Powe o[P Pr as move than Py and abtematoy | ; mone Powe Oo aaimstep L, but at nok Foxy fo attesnatea to deliver teas Extra power P2- Pr * i fe, 10 pps Hus Evra power Pr Pi? a ea Fa de ac some Oe Ht Ng altevarto dtu Sister Tha Etta t mee ore are wax PoP Asa veut : A ¥ 0 \ : Tend ooh 4 a splem Sa Wyk machi ull Kine *! Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner re Step 5 vy Shoe 9 Ac the Kinetic Seungy cy le amet Ve marhiv pont downy ‘The phasod Or? tault-fatt back fem f ; *, phaser OE} uit oxeittate ona csc: ay show ¢ DON bi OF Wet fomatty Settle at Some otto poution OFF C oa Stadion Lie pesulla* Comclusion > An J an Fvcbation © soul x Tnduad I 4 xX fomahur urreotl T * loadangte % ~ Pf magus 7. * PFL x Achve power TUmMans cowtant x Reachve power 7 , / by + h ef Atcame Snput Ph” culte mate ce fed oS oe i bwbar ( active pows conte a Ohad on dnfinite ‘| . Votowlud AY de seonttand ¢ | Cr \ ie 4 Gover nL 1 « 5 3 Vege watt Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner < ry r voy nee * ip ©» Newpower a Constant power Pine oe AES oe te Atcam he, PT’ js |» ee 5 Step 4 Cy Corresponding fo sant steam L/P— aie rt supplied ~ WS Cue sop y E angle a > PF - ‘wor, 2 pt J uuuunt watt, compove h = re hal dws = T¥s 2 ~ WATANU | 2 Trduud emf - Es Lu, = Teosg 3 Load due = on 5 2 wet ofP = VI, cor) ° a Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner aaa a Let mow team Up rr at bg as te CMe chavt at 4 than tletyicot powers offs litt Geeelesate at ter at Power 7 WO Loa, a peaten ; . meee i oN f v OF; Witt far abead of wh : ye PEvIou posthn ) : 7 oe ed of al + Tw, “Ue 7 - yu PM, Take 06, axtturyachies, daa atic ant te T¥ po front of inkercection £2 OF, on the Ves POWH & - hie e es On ¢ ones poushng emus point of intemectinn A? e od : Ww Taduad tmp ai = 062 = OF; s. t load tngte 5, >S, Se a \v Reacher elaop = T.Xs Siu vou Correct Auppaed = Le !e A fowwey, fator angh= by so > Wath fet wo. upset = 2 . : 2 ‘ a Poor oP = Vincoab, = Vw, =L25tmed Voy VIws- us OU 2 — C0) Cunt Supplied 4 chagged 2 wD PE ange” ” : te a 4 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner 4 Voltage cuul Lorat fog ree > Such S (alld as Synch Bub - ‘ As ; 3 T> Proper of 22 Busbant es > ae v0 Conan ar > faye he uy called at oO Busbar a I = Aabafied ~ be constant Y r? V ont (a) Esctunal vo _ Vartakton t Pa, ouiet wth vasation Ww e WD Frey Tees of, At eam Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner a oe CD) Voltage (Vv? €s coustard * wir 8B l We Kaew that - » oH) : Ve E- Tks 2 ~ : vw bor ae T TP Tt ts x © ® ea @ »4 a : ay M255 Ts ob the impedans of cach abtanctor sl Keys pivatint ingedana of system of attanatr % eatant * f Ab very Lange 2 ‘we Ae 3 of “d x . [4) ‘e “e Frey tu » FAs cowstant De Acceleration 64 Pm - Ta Pad Je > Ta = Accebevech'a Torped- : Jq = &qwivalut monunt > morta a of altanatey (Jie de lg — ~~ da) Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner a oats Oe ' t Blone ct? 7. rete shse Yearling 1, c © } ¥ i Ord ey ty Quat tt ey i Sl alice Lb oh sends suaed da 1 Aft o, eomicluny ata ediin ele HF Mra Vere |) waded Toot a ie IY metre 27 con Be amctbeyral by le LU el J a " on eis ayia sompontale Ja A J, aw (Onsicdeud at : Ine arenmthine teonanl Ong GQ ee, . Dy ived gra ed 4 ‘all Het ral ava cathel as Sh coves ty gE Paesiong Merongh 1a eoaden ' nk dk alto added “at Dol. : ie ea Coe, Nee te : i ao dy je qpatr : J {eeteelicad axis rales as TAL a Js KO oY gq. anes parsing Through I” py war from the d-arx a 4 : Gee @ Muy 45 also called as i polar ars qs tht ewount alone typothelical axa by called a8 quacdyatwu arts vY 9° ax passin ‘Through, ey Teeny tetra a . 4 away doom the d-ank Thi uy alo called ax Pinkspofarr aut Tus the owvent alo e de Effect of sym veaction_ fox lagging pt (ot) ~~~ wywue Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner hed of armatua reaction = Bijed of Gnmnahane Yeas dua to Ta t “het of axmatwu yeach'on dus to Ta = Complete Perneaneti cation + Cross ™ pares ag netizah'on - Aands flea of @unaturr Year = Effet dur to Ty + e of oamatwu Yea ct ‘ LE ed of axmatiy Fear clut bt, pe Complde magmetfration + tross magnateation s Blondd’s two reaction theory, was futher modified : by two Avientiat Duahtt? anY Wickel modiffcah'm on 6 ‘ a rea” Huo Thay Suggested thot the effect of Gamatur veachon can be detexnuu tomnideun two reactances Yad and X vohouw Ma 4 i. ffctiou yeatanu Lonsiduud along d-axik ypivelnt to the effect ef armatio’ veaction. y Bs fichious react comida along qrauis 4y Xq = Xaqt Xar> Aeakage Yeatonu Xq = Xa + Xar Where xq > direct anu synduanous weactiny %q > sjuad ature axu Bye yeackany - Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Ves re he le le fw le le le i) je ’ » . . le |v ~~ OCCULT Xe a and &, : 1 ane Fe Mio es, 9 mm Mp ad {fetus reac a> de, AKa ge ®eaclanc which is also a Feadance ( andT can he wear, OA © power foctoy nr hq portal fox dabiend Pete mye Xq > fon or 0 yn i ™ Salient pols Marlins —> Orta tict da armatuu reac”) . At Ve termural vobtaye par phat re phae T= armature Curt ee direct Faqn: eae Ky = qpadaatun Cxe “q ~ c Pe de Se load angle oe can be weatuns by : Yd - Kae Xs Exepseuien fev pouses cv sloped for Cabievt Po 3th atten: pn yeatlanu ° hap sical "angle Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner A Me veloped Vicoap “a V [tompoural of T atong v) nN ca VP [eomponad %} Ta atom VJ + oe e ; [Comsporact a4 Ty ae vy) ov v a vf Ta-stns 4 qt sous 4 oy v Fa V Ty ats + VJqcos 6 cv Naw, uu have to detemuiu ‘the vabu 44 Le oh Jy rq E- Veos § .” Tye € -Veasd Ss oy « « os oN mH > — - 8 ne (tase putin © yy Pa= EVaing -vtaritind + VeatnScars 8 Vans — y al Xd x4, “3 eS. fi = Evan + V°lxa-Xy) zindd , os p__Xa_} QKAKy a) ere _ ‘ exectrhion . pow: Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner . « . c a « & e vu « SI c v wy e b v v v J ’ ’ aA“ le + 7 foray. power divel >? v 9 dP oo dhe ble > As ya v » AP 7 ar rc Eveoss ee 7 , : de EVeos 3 a Cas dé MA Mal Yak L ay Row 5V'C Ya m) even’ PLA oF - _ <0 ds a Yar Ya v4, vA ARYL A wh?d trwsd +e=? . - a TLaHac so S maw “Xd ~%4) by 2 nar Evsin bmay + V Xa PR) Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner AON fev 2 alterna Power daveloped for nom cab'ent fox fre Tx, sp et! ) fowes doveteped ~ Views > sims > Ixscosg & Lain Teos > nna - - = n Power davetoped - ae OO a ta. Paver - Load ange chevacten Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner » Smar® 10° Meauununt 6 _ 4 xy ~O— Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner opr tou Armaten ai Sid fF ECE ee eee «ec { O type a vecluad voltage 0 about do-2 57+ of reel ed Votteye to de Efeby Uunding . “han @ Woe: the votoy ot a Apert Ati I ie . the Synchsouous Apeed Auch that Atif -4 4 Steps 9, Gxpexinanc > He OTF Ltn «ting duel connest a VO : tefl a asm ature © Often ad carn tr U vals Vin, Voltege 4 comacte & ano rote Vnar, 7 ormature hoty vol e clo ps ay the ome winding the wentpan (Xo & Xe): Tf Mmnohat vuutoanun 44 ‘tbls thon at com be sett thet 0 in 7 vo. e @ TH thowd be noted that te, appbicd aa [ touses C nt WA Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner lConsides laseqe. treo caves wiry wold have bem Yah cy thy : Yelative ap : c " © sped bly wdating f ce Speed % voter ww Ce Ould bay : Yak” A have bem x0. In : eae ah da Winttda wath ob ay tun dh cul : Colmerder Unity cl-ava TH th avd tp o WWimeider Udy 9 ar? : . : ’ ; co ae Ae Hen Cet Ud Cove Sa 4 MOA Fa Db) d and gone thes uy ai . . Cornur to be Gn that position & t e” {ase ds Vohon vob hou been sotated ect a speed Mighty i. = Jem thon synchronous Bpeed Hun tend: for fis cona ey VAM dony uidhad 6{ Ht volun avir of ba Coimid Spe uth d-axis, He ammder vudl with show Min. Value « e'9 oT. oe < _ Reoron er d-axy reludanu da Mn: and may ec Oxmapure fl pene through deanu cind ect uty gee > Max. Yabue Inductanu Lote In Hh conel ; ; © y Indudive rveactonu Ka 4 max. and volun ae Bie may. obwloutly marrarut ill be Yin - > \ wh axe uct tome cn 3 LB) AR dony eftux duster 7 mutcly Calth 4-axte 2 the ie “ nl Rux Poses through ae aud = uaynum OD ie bn ee son, oan Hay cose Weaetoa 4 vruvirauen (Xan 2 9 reludanu we may. OM 2 Ua , % pa wna - Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner bo) 7 ro ke ane above expend 4 Ha Voli A Xa o a <* = a ee the on oe letemncuied at a Apeed AMG de f we St “Ped Sun, Gen [alternator abwags or Peed 2 yg oud ¥ Gtrowtel be caleutates wy : © Vobus o A OK 4 ~ a9 Aq” Apeod =~ : t _ The Cxpertmuet explasiud above + Lepeact ea a =. aif. Values 4 Aap by changing Hu {perol 6 Ss Paivmove, » : 7 Se The value A Xa aud &4 Ue dtes wits ol. = cach \ada 4, Abip nad plotted as Ahown es Fin curve 4, Ka and tq a entrapotcted ak 7 2 S= . ' ah sy Aperd - . 7 toll fives xq and Xq ii ap : : HE Uaiwover thoxacherditta —> e, My qeunal for on alternoster +0 o perce Strecefulty : , aM [Jet , “the Load- speed charact eurtta &f phe pai ! : N Should be datepping te the speed 4 P shoute . be surly L with tle Speed 4 load , = oo Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner © s bateg The spe soup algo: Kensuom as governor ebay: Tht < le . Naty Cxpreised O4 “fe of full load speed Se i eee Nove = Net X Lo]. & - Nee he we ee ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~ » 2. . 2 2. 2 > os s. , » » » » y Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner a a | v . 2 » » e v » 2: 2 > > 3 > > > 2 2 2 2 e e ° a2 - Equttvateat on tro abtennate t cou nude porated ic Zc be i aud of am i Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner No-load towclifiem . ch [Nowe eu tend) EY o% Mi CO A e «4 tea Ph EK cod | Ltn | «% ate 1p, N 5 ec Nt, ~) G 6 a ot / or +" © « . “ue i ee u e e C7 tun Tad pl EW = 4 fey ths “ a « v fn fa = « TE e : v i dereased ’ nator 2 At 4 Catt Spud of albany 8 = — G n*r — 2 e Xs BXs es ~~ f 7h =a é = ‘TAL yr 3 ‘Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner Coccee = Oe ee OC CCC CECE CEE Grete. Ss ttanater 2 ase ped 04 <@ net a ducitased Ea ' a 1 Liat ul itati ad, wall actoma’ m4 veslushon cee ar Ma to this vesubtant & rf sm eat oe gil start ‘te flow in local eRe Q Syn chrows! : ; ue Cundl act, wall accerate tw. lagain Me Ui deaccebracte the teading Ny C anol tat -U oe : ce * toed as Sprehowsing act . w ss ~ 3 Scanned by CamScanner Scanned with CamScanner

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