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Tutorial 01

The document contains 14 problems related to the first law of thermodynamics. The problems involve concepts such as work, heat transfer, internal energy, and cyclic processes. Quantities like pressure, volume, temperature and their relationships are analyzed. Specific values or expressions for work, heat, internal energy change, and other parameters are calculated based on given thermodynamic processes and conditions.

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Dr. Kamal Singh Rawat
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

Tutorial 01

The document contains 14 problems related to the first law of thermodynamics. The problems involve concepts such as work, heat transfer, internal energy, and cyclic processes. Quantities like pressure, volume, temperature and their relationships are analyzed. Specific values or expressions for work, heat, internal energy change, and other parameters are calculated based on given thermodynamic processes and conditions.

Uploaded by

Dr. Kamal Singh Rawat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial No.

01
(First Law of Thermodynamics, Heat and Work Transfer)

1. A rigid tank contains air at 500 kPa and 150°C. As a result of heat transfer to the
surroundings, the temperature and pressure inside the tank drop to 65°C and 400 kPa,
respectively. Determine the work done during this process.
2. A piston–cylinder device initially contains 0.4 m3 of air at 100 kPa and 80°C. The air
is now compressed to 0.1 m3 in such a way that the temperature inside the cylinder
remains constant. Determine the work done during this process. (Ans. -55.5 kJ)
3. An engine cylinder has a piston of area 0.12 m3 and contains gas at a pressure of 1.5
MPa. The gas expands according to a process which is represented by a straight line
on a pressure-volume diagram. The final pressure is 0.15 MPa. Calculate the work
done by the gas on the piston if the stroke is 0.30 m. (Ans. 29.7 kJ)
4. A mass of 1.5 kg of air is compressed in a quasi-static process from 0.1 MPa to 0.7
MPa for which pv = constant. The initial density of air is 1.16 kg/m3. Find the work
done by the piston to compress the air. (Ans. 251.62 kJ)
5. A system undergoes three process as
shown in figure
1-2 is isobaric process
2-3 is adiabatic process 400 1 2
P (kPa)

3-1 is isothermal process


Find:
100 3
a) V2 and V3 (Ans. a 1.486 & 4 m3
b) Net work transfer b 125.88 kJ)
1 3
V (m )
6. A gas is compressed from an initial volume of 0.42 m3 to a final volume of 0.12 m3.
During the quasi-equilibrium process, the pressure changes with volume according to
the relation P=aV+b, where a= -1200 kPa/m3 and b=600 kPa. Calculate the work
done during this process. (Ans. -82.8 kJ)
3 o
7. A gas occupies 0.024 m at 700 kPa at 95 C. It is expanded in the non-flow process
accordingly to the law PV1.2=const. to a pressure of 70 kPa, after which it is heated at
constant pressure to its original temperature. Sketch the process on P-V plane and
calculate the work done during the process.
8. In a cyclic process, heat transfers are + 14.7 kJ, – 25.2 kJ, – 3.56 kJ and +31.5 kJ.
what is the net work for this cyclic process? (Ans. 17.34 kJ)
9. During one cycle the working fluid in an engine engages in two work interactions: 15
kJ to the fluid and 44 kJ from the fluid, and three heat interactions, two of which are
known: 75 kJ to the fluid and 40 kJ from the fluid. Evaluate the magnitude and
direction of the third heat transfer. (Ans. – 6 kJ)
10. A domestic refrigerator is loaded with food and the door closed. During a certain
period the machine consumes 1 kWh of energy and the internal energy of the system
drops by 5000 kJ. Find the net heat transfer for the system. (Ans. – 8.6 MJ)
11. A rigid tank contains a hot fluid that is cooled while being stirred by a paddle wheel.
Initially, the internal energy of the fluid is 800 kJ. During the cooling process, the
fluid loses 500 kJ of heat, and the paddle wheel does 100 kJ of work on the fluid.
Determine the final internal energy of the fluid.
(Ans. 400 kJ)
12. 1.5 kg of liquid having a constant specific heat of 2.5 kJ/kg K is stirred in a well-
insulated chamber causing the temperature to rise by 15°C. Find Δ E and W for the
process. (Ans. Δ E = 56.25 kJ, W = – 56.25 kJ)
13. The same liquid as in above Problem stirred in a conducting chamber. During the
process 1.7 kJ of heat are transferred from the liquid to the surroundings, while the
temperature of the liquid is rising to 15°C. Find Δ E and W for the process.
(Ans. Δ E = 56.25 kJ, W = -57.95 kJ)
14. A gas undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of three processes beginning at an
initial state where p1 = 1 bar, V1 = 1.5 m3 and U1 = 512 kJ. The processes are as
follows:
(i) Process 1–2: Compression with pV = constant to p2 = 2 bar, U2 = 690 kJ
(ii) Process 2–3: W23 = 0, Q23 = –150 kJ, and
(iii) Process 3–1: W31 = +50 kJ.
Determine the heat interactions Q12 and Q31. (Ans. 74 kJ, 22 kJ)

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