The City of Brantford Urban Design Guideline

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The document outlines urban design guidelines for intensification proposals in Brantford, including guidelines for public spaces, streetscapes, parking, private and semi-private open spaces, and residential areas. It provides objectives to achieve high quality urban design and an effective and sustainable built environment.

New buildings should have a sympathetic window alignment, roof-lines, entrance locations, ground floor treatment and materials to adjacent properties while not mimicking them. The height and massing of new buildings should not disrupt the existing scale of development.

The original facade materials on heritage properties should not be changed or covered. Renovations should match the original building articulation, and materials that match or enhance the original structure should be used.

CITY OF BRANTFORD

Urban Design Guidelines


for Intensification
Proposals

City of Brantford Planning Department – Community Services


THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page # Section Title Page #
1.0 Introduction 3 6.5 Access and Parking 33
1.1 Vision 4 6.6 Surface Parking 34-35
1.2 Priority Directions: General 5 6.7 Structured Parking 36
1.3 Priority Direction: Area Specific 6 6.8 Servicing and Loading 37
2.0 Public Spaces 7 6.9 Lanes and Driveways 38
2.1 Natural Heritage Features, Parks and Open Spaces 8 7.0 Intensification Corridors and Urban Growth Centre 39
2.2 Natural Heritage Features 9 7.1 Building Orientation and Site Layout 40
2.3 Parks and Open Spaces 10 7.2 Building Heights 41
2.4 Multi-use Trails 11 7.3 Minimum Ground Floor Height 42
3.0 Streetscape 12 7.4 Front Façade Stepbacks 43
3.1 Boulevard Design 13-14 7.5 Side Building Setbacks 44
3.2 Landscape Zone 15-16 7.6 Side Building Stepbacks 45
3.3 Crosswalks 17 7.7 Transition to Neighbourhoods 46
3.4 Street Furniture 18 7.8 Building Articulation and Detailing 47-48
3.5 Public Art 19 7.9 Roofs and Roofscapes 49
3.6 Signage 20 7.10 Materials 50
3.7 Transit Amenities 21 8.0 Residential Areas within the Built Boundary 51
3.8 Lighting 22 8.1 Site Design and Building Orientation 52
4.0 Parking 23 8.2 Built Form, Height, and Massing 53-54
4.1 On-street Parking 24 8.3 Building Articulation and Detailing 55
4.2 Bicycle Parking 25 8.4 Building Materials 56
5.0 Semi Private Open Space 26-27 9.0 Residential Areas with a Heritage Context 57
6.0 Private Spaces 28 9.1 Site Design and Building Orientation 58
6.1 Development of Large Parcels 29 9.2 Built Form, Height, and Massing 59
6.2 Community Structure 30 9.3 Building Articulation and Detailing 60
6.3 Lot Size Variety 31 9.4 Building Materials 61
6.4 Transit Supportive Design 32

City of Brantford Planning Department


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1.0 Introduction Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Urban Design Defined:


THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Urban design involves the arrangement and design of buildings, landscapes, streets, and public spaces at a range of scales,
from - City-wide, district and block level, right down to an individual site. It is the process of giving form, shape, and character
to the physical elements that comprise neighbourhoods and the City.

Purpose:
The manual establishes guidelines which reflect the City’s expectations with respect to the character, quality and form of
development. New development and redevelopment should be unique while at the same time being in harmony with and
relating well to the existing built environment surrounding it. The manual also provides a consistent design baseline to assess
proposed developments.

Context:
This manual represents the City’s Urban Design Guidelines for Intensification proposals within the City’s delineated Built
Boundary, Intensification Corridors, and Urban Growth Centre (downtown). The guidelines should be read in conjunction with
the City of Brantford’s Official Plan, Zoning By-law, Provincial Plans, and other municipal development standards. The
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

illustrative examples shown throughout the document demonstrate one example of how the guidelines can be applied and
are not intended to exclude other standards that meet the intent of the guidelines.

Design Objectives:

The Urban Design Manual has been prepared to achieve the following objectives:

Achieve high quality urban design throughout the City of Brantford in both the Public and Private Realm.

Encourage the design of a complete, effective and sustainable built environment consistent with Brantford’s character and
vision for the future.

Policy Direction:
Section 14 - Urban Design in the City’s Official Plan provides urban design policy directions for intensification within the built
up boundary. In addition, Subsection 14.3 outlines the following direction:

“14.3 - The City’s Urban Design Guidelines will be used to address development in the Urban Growth Centre, Intensification
Corridors and infill development and other intensification proposals in the built boundary identified on Schedule 1-2 Growth
Management”

City of Brantford Planning Department


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1.1 Vision Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

New development and revitalization within the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corridors will result in a
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

dense, more urban condition including active, pedestrian-supportive streets that are compatible with, and enhance,
adjacent land uses. These areas will be characterized by wide sidewalks, abundant landscaping, large and mature
street trees, street furnishing, public art and active at-grade uses.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

City of Brantford Planning Department


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1.2 Priority Directions: General Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The built form will be compatible with the scale of any adjacent residential neighbourhoods.
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Where underutilized blocks exceed 100 metres in depth and 250 metres in length (i.e. Former Canadian Tire Site at
the intersection of Colborne Street East and Iroquois Street), new development should be designed to subdivide these
blocks into more manageable, walkable land parcels.

Taller buildings above six storeys may be appropriate on sites where lot size, setbacks, stepbacks and building
transitions can be made to respect the neighbouring properties. Taller building sites are anticipated in some areas of
the Urban Growth Centre and in key locations along Colborne Street East, King George Road, and Lynden Road.

Midrise buildings in the Intensification Areas are considered to be 4 to 6 storeys in height and would be appropriate
on sites where lot size is appropriate and setbacks can be made to respect neighbouring properties.

A diversity of built form and land uses, including mixed use development, will be encouraged to improve public
safety, the vitality of businesses and development within the Intensification Areas and to promote opportunities for
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

live-work relationships.

Opportunities to integrate open space in the form of parks, civic spaces or semi-private open space within larger
redevelopments will be encouraged at key locations.

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1.3 Priority Directions: Area Specific Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Urban Growth Centre and Colborne Street West (Intensification Corridor)


THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Ensure a consistent, high-quality urban frontage along the Grand River riverfront, downtown main streets, and Colborne Street West;

New buildings, open spaces and street design will build on the unique character of the Urban Growth Centre and Colborne Street
West (i.e. a human-scaled building base, street trees, active at-grade uses, riverfront views, cultural heritage resources). Adjacent
neighbourhoods and the riverfront setting by being context specific, appropriately scaled, and containing an appropriate mix of uses;

Establish a generally low-rise streetwall height (two-four storeys) for redevelopment sites which will take the form of a podium where
taller building elements are proposed;

Allow opportunity for taller building elements where appropriate;

Ensure building mass, building height and street and open space design contribute to compatible development within the Urban
Growth Centre and along Colborne Street West;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Intensification Corridors

Underutilized parcels including large surface parking areas and single storey developments should be redeveloped for street-
oriented single use or mixed use development in low, mid, and high-rise buildings;

Large blocks should be subdivided into smaller, walkable blocks through walkways, drive-aisles and new roads where feasible;

Utilize opportunities to redefine the existing boulevard within the right-of-way through building setbacks, bump-out parking, or
narrowing of the street pavement where feasible ;

Erie Avenue (Intensification Corridor)

Development should be designed to integrate with the stable low-rise residential character of the street. Buildings should therefore
consider reasonable height transitions; and

Where feasible and compatible, new housing development should contribute to higher density residential forms, including
townhouses and walk-up apartments.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

2.0 Public Spaces

The design guidelines for public spaces


are applicable to all the Intensification
Areas throughout the City of Brantford.

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2.1 Natural Heritage Features, Parks and Open Spaces Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Grand River riverfront Tutela Park


THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Greenwood Park Lorne Park

Victoria Park Mount Hope Cemetery


Within the Intensification Areas, there is an extensive
foundation of natural heritage features, parks and open Earl Haig Park Arrowdale Public Golf
spaces. Where intensification occurs adjacent to these Course
areas, urban design considerations should capitalize on Brant’s Crossing
this relationship. Burnley Park
Iroquois Park
Jaycee Sports Park
Devereux Park
St. Joseph’s Cemetery
Mohawk Lake
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

New developments should capitalize on their adjacency to parks and open New developments should address adjacent natural heritage features.
spaces

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2.2 Natural Heritage Features
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Intensification surrounding natural heritage features should


provide strong visual and physical links to these features as part
of an overall system of parks, open spaces and natural heritage
features.

DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. Environmental Protection Areas in the Intensification Areas should be
preserved. To protect natural vegetation, ecological functions and the
cultural landscape, all other natural heritage features should be pre-
served where possible;
Opportunities should be sought to develop appropriately
2. Streets, cycling infrastructure, and multi-use trails should be used to con-
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

designed higher density buildings adjacent to natural


nect adjacent natural heritage features, parks and open spaces;
heritage features.
3. Sensitive natural heritage features should be adequately buffered and
linked to other features to ensure that the natural heritage system is pro-
tected, enhanced and restored, and that ecological systems are not neg-
atively impacted by intensification;

4. Opportunities to develop appropriately designed higher density build-


ings adjacent to natural heritage features should be explored to maxim-
ize views and awareness of the landscape. Such developments should
comply with the built form recommendations provided in this document,
and should demonstrate compatibility with adjacent land uses with re-
spect to sunlight access, views and privacy; and

5. Natural drainage networks should be maintained to retain functional


surficial drainage and watercourses and to support storm water manage-
ment infrastructure such as storm water management ponds.
Cycling infrastructure and multi-use trails should be used to
connect adjacent natural heritage features.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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2.3 Parks and Open Spaces
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Parks and open spaces should be provided as new development


occurs within the Intensification Areas. As development occurs,
there will be opportunities for neighbourhood parks, as well as
smaller urban parks and civic spaces. These features should form
part of a larger network of natural heritage features, parks and
open spaces.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. A significant amount of the perimeter (greater than 50 percent is


encouraged) of parks should be bounded by streets to maximize public
access, views, and safety;

2. Parks should be distributed within a 5-minute (400 metre) walk of the


majority of residents; Parks and open spaces should be designed to serve the
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

diverse needs of the community.


3. New parks and open spaces should link with existing natural heritage
features, parks and open spaces, to form a network of safe recreation and
movement options between the Intensification Areas;

4. Parks and open spaces should be designed to serve the diverse needs of
the community, including facilities for passive (e.g. walking trails,
community gardens, seating areas, park pavilions, interpretive displays,
etc.) and active recreation (e.g. sports fields, skating rinks, etc.);

5. As the most optimal growing conditions in the Intensification Areas will


occur in new parks and open spaces, larger tree species are encouraged to
enhance the overall tree canopy;

6. Park entrance design should provide amenities including visitor drop-off


(lane and/or transit stop), pedestrian scale lighting, and signage to assist
in orientation and use of park amenities; and

7. Vehicular connections through parkland should be limited to emergency


and maintenance vehicle routes, access to major park facilities, and A significant amount of the perimeter of parks should be
parking areas. bounded by streets.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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2.4 Multi-Use Trails
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

New development within the Intensification Areas should connect to


the City’s existing trail network, as well as optimize opportunities for
the expansion of the network through the creation of new well-
connected multi-use trails.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. New recreational trails should connect to existing trail networks, streets, parks,
open spaces and natural heritage features to create a linked trail network that pro-
vides pedestrians and cyclists with connections and recreation opportunities;

2. Trails should link to core activity areas such as the Urban Growth Centre, Intensifica-
tion Corridors, and the Grand River riverfront. They should create strong links be-
tween new communities, open space, and appropriate natural heritage features;
Multi-use trails should be designed to distinguish between
3. The design of the recreational trail should reflect the function and nature of the
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

walking and cycling / roller blading areas to minimize conflict.


type of open space it occupies. However, trail widths should generally range from 3
-4 metres wide to allow for two way cyclist or pedestrian passage;

4. Multi-use trails should be designed to distinguish between walking and cycling/


roller blading areas to minimize conflicts;

5. Nature trails should include multiple access points. The design of access points
should consider that people arrive by a variety of means, including car, foot, bicycle,
or transit. Entrances should also be designed to accommodate persons with physi-
cal disabilities and therefore include stable yet permeable surfaces;

6. Where appropriate, trails should include adequate amenities, such as seating, waste
receptacles, lighting, signage, route information, and educational and historic infor-
mation. Amenities should be designed according to site-specific conditions; and

7. Trails located within sensitive natural environments should be constructed of low Trails located within sensitive natural environments should be
impact materials that are porous and stable, such as crushed rock, wood chip paths, constructed of low impact materials that are porous and sta-
or board walks. All trails should be designed according to site-specific conditions. ble.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

3.0 Streetscape

Streetscapes within the Intensification


Areas should be pedestrian-supportive,
including large, mature street trees, am-
ple landscaping, and wide boulevards
that accommodate opportunities for ac-
tive uses at grade, including spill-out re-
tail, patio seating, etc.

Photo source: Ontario Home Builders Association, image from - City of Waterloo

City of Brantford Planning Department


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3.1 Boulevard Design Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The boulevard refers to the area of the street between the front
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

property line or building face and the edge of the curb. Well de-
signed boulevards are important throughout the Intensification

Front building line


Areas to accommodate the significant increase in pedestrian
traffic associated with intensification, while ensuring that
streets are pedestrian-supportive. The individual components of
the boulevard include: Street Furniture and Landscape Zones,
Sidewalks, and Transition Zones.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. The Street Furniture and Landscape Zone should be located directly between the
sidewalk and vehicle traffic. The zone contains landscaped areas with site
furnishings, and infrastructure facilities such as benches, bicycle locks, transit
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

shelters, and utilities;

2. Dedicated to the movement of pedestrians, the sidewalk can be a multi-use trail or


a clear pedestrian path. Sidewalks should be located adjacent to building frontages
or the property line, or following a transition zone where present. The sidewalk
should remain clear of obstructions, horizontally and vertically, at all times;

3. Located between the sidewalk and the building or property line, transition zones
provide a dedicated area for window shopping, spill-out retail, building entrances,
street furniture and signage;

4. Boulevards should reflect their adjacent land use. For example, wide pedestrian-
supportive boulevards are encouraged in areas with retail uses at grade;

5. Continuous sidewalks should be provided on both sides of all streets;

6. Sidewalks should be at least 3.0 metres wide with a minimum open walking zone of
2.1 metres (see Downtown Streetscape Plan);

7. The sidewalk should be constructed of brushed concrete to facilitate pedestrian


movement and barrier-free accessibility;

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3.1 Boulevard Design (Con’t) Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

DESIGN GUIDELINES
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

8. Where sidewalks cross driveways, they should be continuous;

9. Limited use of feature paving bands constructed of materials other than asphalt (including pavers or concrete) may be used. These materials may
continue across driveways and signalized intersections to indicate pedestrian priority;

10. Boulevards should be planted with street trees located in the Street Furniture and Landscape Zone;

11. Benches, bicycle locks, and pedestrian lighting should be located within the Street Furniture and Landscape Zone; and

12. In areas with retail at grade, a 1.1 metre wide transition zone should be situated between the sidewalk and the private property boundary to
accommodate opportunities for spill-out retail and active at-grade uses.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Benches, bicycle locks, and pedestrian lighting should be located within Photo source: IBI Group, Image from: City of Kitchener
the Street Furniture and Landscape Zone. Boulevards should be planted with street trees located in the Street Furniture
and Landscape Zone.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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3.2 Landscape Zone
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The Intensification Areas are intended to transition into tree-lined avenues and main streets. Streets should include
significant landscaping and large, mature street trees, which will greatly enhance the visual and environmental
qualities of streets within the Intensification Areas. Street trees provide shade and comfort to pedestrians, reduce
the urban heat island effect, and provide a buffer between vehicle and pedestrian traffic.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. As new development occurs, all streets within the Intensification Areas should
include enhanced landscape design through tree planting and landscaping in
the public and private right-of-way;

2. Street trees should be placed to grow to maturity under urban soil conditions
(e.g. tree pits, minimal space, etc.);
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

3. Key entrances to the Urban Growth Centre, including Dalhousie Street and
Colborne Street, should ensure a high proportion of tree planting. Closely
spaced (6 to 8 metres apart, or double rows) will emphasize the urban tree
canopy along these streets and walkways; (see Downtown Streetscape Plan)

4. Existing thriving street trees should be preserved wherever possible, as mature


street trees create a greater sense of enclosure along streets;

5. Supplemental street trees should be considered where the existing tree canopy
is reaching the end of its life-cycle;

6. Street trees should be planted with appropriate soil volume in continuous tree
trenches to allow for full growth and to ensure their long-term viability;

7. Where occasional compaction of planting soil is anticipated, the use of soil cells
should be considered;

Street trees should be spaced consistently at 6.0 to 9.0 metre


intervals.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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3.2 Landscape Zone (Con’t) Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

DESIGN GUIDELINES

8. Where possible, soil infrastructure should be improved on boulevards where


trees will be planted. This will ensure the long term health of the tree and
benefits to the community;

9. Street trees should generally be located within the boulevard and should be
offset a minimum of 1.5 metres from the curb to accommodate snow storage,
large vehicle movements and minimize salt damage. Where this is not possible,
street trees should be located between the sidewalk and the public right-of-
way;

10. Trees should be spaced consistently at 6.0 to 9.0 metre intervals based on
mature size. Appropriate clearances from utility boxes, street lights and sight
triangles should be considered. Sight lines should also be considered in the
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

location of trees planted at intersections;

11. Street trees and landscaping should be locally adapted species. Plants that grow
naturally in the City of Brantford are adapted to the local climate and soil
conditions and can survive with minimum maintenance, use of fertilizer,
pesticide or irrigation;
All shrubs and ground cover should be tolerant of urban con-
12. Shrub and ground cover planting should be utilized in open tree pits, provided ditions, should be noninvasive and completely non-toxic,
the minimum pedestrian clearway dimension is available; appropriate for public areas.

13. All shrubs and ground cover should be tolerant of urban conditions, should be
noninvasive and be completely non-toxic, appropriate for use in public areas;
and

14. Seasonal appeal, especially for the winter months should be considered for all
planting.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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3.3 Crosswalks Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

New development within the Intensification Areas will create a significant amount of vehicular and pedestrian
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

traffic, particularly in the Urban Growth Centre. A system of crosswalks where some form of traffic control is in
place (e.g. signal, school crossing) is essential to ensure the safe coexistence of vehicles and pedestrian traffic.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Crosswalks should be continuous and connected to adjacent sidewalks;

2. The location of crosswalks and design of curb cuts should conform to the policies inherent in the Ontarians with Disabilities Act;

3. Crosswalks should be clearly designated for safety, with appropriate surface markings or variation in surface treatment and signage
where appropriate;

4. Additional mid-block pedestrian signals and courtesy crossings with specialized markings and signage may be considered at
locations with high pedestrian volumes; and

5. Traffic signals that accommodate pedestrians should be timed such that pedestrians have adequate time to clear the crossing.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Audible signals and pedestrian countdown devices will be considered on a case-by-case basis.

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3.4 Street Furniture
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Street furniture contributes to the creation of a unique


streetscape, and can be used to identify significant destina-
tions within the Intensification Areas, such as the Grand
River waterfront and the Urban Growth Centre (see Down-
town Streetscape Plan). In addition, street furniture is an
essential component of a pedestrian-supportive streetscape,
offering opportunities for rest, social interaction, and casual
surveillance.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Street furnishings should be developed within an overall concept


and should provide a consistent and unified streetscape
appearance that is appropriate for the area context; Street furnishings should be developed within an overall concept.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

2. Street furnishings should be placed in a coordinated manner that


does not obstruct pedestrian or vehicular circulation; and

3. Street furniture should be placed so as not to impact sidewalk


maintenance, particularly snow removal.

Street furnishings should be placed in a


coordinated manner that does not obstruct
pedestrian or vehicular circulation.

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3.5 Public Art
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The inclusion of public art will enhance the character within


the Intensification Areas and contribute to the culture and
history of the City as a whole. Public art is encouraged
throughout the Intensification Areas, particularly on promi-
nent streets within the Urban Growth Centre, in parks and
open spaces, along trails and in other highly visible loca-
tions.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Public art pieces should be durable and easily maintained; Public art should be both physically and visually accessible and
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

barrier free.
2. Public art should be place-specific and explore opportunities to
celebrate historic and cultural events of local, national and
international significance;

3. Public art should be both physically and visually accessible and


barrier free;

4. Sites with public art pieces should include landscaping that


complements and enhances the piece; and

5. Sites may be reserved for groupings of complementary pieces,


including temporary installations.

Public art should be place-specific and explore opportunities to


celebrate historic and cultural events.

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3.6 Signage
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

A hierarchy of signage should be implemented uniformly throughout


the Intensification Areas, and should encompass street signs, direc-
tional signage and commercial signage. This will reduce the overall
amount of street clutter, while ensuring that wayfinding signage is
highly visible and easy to understand.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. A comprehensive wayfinding strategy for the Intensification Areas should


be developed, including mapping at key locations, such as the Grand
River riverfront and within the Urban Growth Centre;
Photo Source: City labs, Image from: Philadelphia, PA
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

2. Signs should be carefully located to ensure they do not impede sightlines


for drivers as well as important sightlines to the Grand River; A comprehensive wayfinding strategy should be
developed.
3. Kiosks should be conveniently located in highly active pedestrian areas to
attract users and provide security;

4. Information kiosks should not impede pedestrian circulation;

5. Information kiosks should be limited in size to minimize visual impacts


while providing adequate space in which to post information; and

6. Street furniture should not include signage (i.e. benches with


advertisements) with the exception of small, unobtrusive plaques to
indicate the source of funding for the streetscape item.

Photo Source: Cygnus Group, Image from: City of Calgary

Information kiosks should not impede pedestrian circulation.

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3.7 Transit Amenities
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Successful intensification is dependent on the provision of an efficient active transportation network. Streets
within the Intensification Areas should support active transportation, including walking, cycling and transit,
through the provision of safe, accessible transit amenities.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Transit shelters should include basic


amenities, including seating, waste
receptacles, lighting, and route information;

2. In high pedestrian traffic areas, such as


Intensification Nodes, the waterfront and the
Urban Growth Centre, transit stops should
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

include shelters for weather protection and


seating;

3. Sidewalks should connect directly to transit


shelters to encourage active transit use and
to ensure safety and convenience;

4. Transit stops should have barrier-free access


and be located in a way that does not
interfere with pedestrian movement; and

5. Transit shelters located on the sidewalk or


boulevard should be located 300mm from
the sidewalk in order to allow sufficient space
for snow clearing.
Transit stops should have barrier-free access and be located in a way that does not interfere with pe-
destrian movement.

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3.8 Lighting
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Downcast, pedestrian-scaled lighting enhances safety and visibil-


ity on streets. In key areas, such as the Urban Growth Centre and
Grand River waterfront, lighting can be used to accent special
features, such as buildings, heritage properties, landscaping,
signage, etc.

DESIGN GUIDELINES All lighting should be located within the Street Furniture
and Landscape Zone.

1. The design and location of lighting should consider sustainability and the
impacts of light pollution, including energy efficiency, directional lighting
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

that reduces wasted energy, induction lighting, solar power, and street
reflectors and sensors (to help regulate brightness and when lights turn
on and off);

2. Downcast pedestrian-scale lighting should be provided in high traffic


pedestrian areas;

3. All lighting should be located within the Street Furniture and Landscape
Zone; and

4. Consideration should be given to providing additional pedestrian-scale


lighting in areas with a high volume of pedestrian activity, such as key
intersections, the riverfront, transit stops, trail crossings, and mid-block
connections.

Downcast pedestrian-scale lighting should be


provided in high traffic pedestrian areas

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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

4.0 Parking

On-street parking in the Intensification Areas


should be permitted, wherever possible, to
animate the street, reduce vehicle speeds and
serve as a buffer between pedestrians and
vehicles particularly on streets with at-grade
retail.

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4.1 On-Street Parking
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

On-street parking in the Intensification Areas should be


permitted, wherever possible, to animate the street, re-
duce vehicle speeds and serve as a buffer between pe-
destrians and vehicles, particularly on streets with at-
grade retail.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Parallel on-street parking is preferred over perpendicular or


angled parking to minimize the overall width of the roadway
On-street parallel parking is preferred over perpendicular or angled
and optimize sightlines;
parking.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

2. On-street parking may be situated within bump-outs, where


appropriate;

3. Bump-outs should be landscaped with street trees or low


level ground cover and be designed to accommodate snow
loading; and

4. Where appropriate, permeable paving should be considered


to promote drainage and enhance the street edge.

On-street parking provides a buffer between motorists and pedes-


trians.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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4.2 Bicycle Parking Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Creating a network of parks, open spaces, streets and trails


for cyclists that connect to the Urban Growth Centre, and the
waterfront, should establish cycling as a major mode of
transportation in the City of Brantford. The accommodation
of convenient bicycle parking is essential to support this op-
tion and ensure it remains a long-term transportation alter-
native.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Bicycle parking should be provided at regular intervals in the Urban


Growth Centre and other areas of high pedestrian activity;
Bicycle parking should be provided at regular intervals
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

2. Bicycle parking should be located close to building entrances and throughout the Urban Growth Centre.
should be sheltered. Short-term visitor bicycle parking should also
be provided;

3. The placement of bicycle posts within the pedestrian realm should


not impede pedestrian movement;

4. Post-and-ring bicycle parking, constructed of aluminum or


galvanized steel, is preferred as larger units can impede pedestrian
movement and snow clearing; and

5. Bicycle storage facilities should be provided at civic and institutional


buildings, as well as public parks and open spaces to encourage
alternative modes of transport.

The placement of bicycle posts in the pedestrian realm should


not impede pedestrian movement.

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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

5.0 Semi-Private Open


Spaces

Semi-private open space is


landscaping and/or open space
within private property that is
perceived to be shared public
amenity space. These spaces provide
opportunities for socialization and
can function as gathering spaces
within an intimate, semi-private
environment.

Interior courtyards should be designed to maximize sun exposure through the massing and location of
taller buildings.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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5.0 Semi-Private Open Spaces (Con’t)
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Semi-private open spaces should be directly accessible from public


sidewalks;

2. Features within semi-private open spaces (e.g. paving, seating, public


art, etc.) should be constructed of materials equal in quality and ap-
pearance with those of the main buildings;

3. Semi-private open spaces should be in view of occupied indoor areas;

4. Interior courtyards of buildings should be designed to maximize sun


exposure through the massing and location of taller building ele-
ments;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

5. Where appropriate, buildings are encouraged to include semi-private


open space in the form of rooftop amenity space; Photo Source: American Institute of Architects, Image from: Monroe, Mi
Semi-private open spaces should be in view of occupied indoor areas.
6. Paving materials should be high quality, easily replaceable and low
maintenance;

7. Site furnishings (e.g. play equipment, public art, shelters, signage,


fencing, etc.) should be manufactured from high quality, durable ma-
terials; and

8. Plant materials used in landscaping should be low maintenance, pest


and disease resistant and placed to ensure clear views into and out of
semi-private open spaces.

The courtyard on the north side of the BRAC building adds valuable amenity
space within downtown Brantford

City of Brantford Planning Department


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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

The urban design guidelines for private


spaces are applicable to all the
Intensification Areas, and apply to
development within private properties,
considering the development of large
parcels, community structure, and access
6.0 Private Spaces
and parking.

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6.1 Development of Large Parcels
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The redevelopment of large parcels or a group of consolidated parcels should be designed as an integral part of the
adjacent land uses, including parks and open spaces and natural heritage features.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

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6.2 Community Structure Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

The Urban Growth Centre is a successful example of a well-established urban neighbourhood characterized by well-
connected streets and blocks, street-oriented buildings and attractive boulevards. New large developments in the
Intensification Areas, particularly in the Intensification Corridors, should achieve a similar scale and allocation of
land uses to ensure people can comfortably walk, bike or take transit to where they live, work and play.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Expand the existing road network to improve


connectivity, and allow traffic to dissipate to local
destinations;

2. A connected network of streets and blocks will reduce


congestion, improve public transit and emergency
vehicle access, and promote walking and cycling;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

3. To maximize connections for vehicular, cyclist, and


especially pedestrian traffic, new streets should be based
on a grid pattern that is modified in response to natural
open space, built heritage or existing street conditions;

4. A variety of block sizes and shapes should be provided in


the Intensification Areas to accommodate diversity in the
built form;

5. Block lengths should generally not exceed 250 metres;

6. Where blocks exceed 250 metres, a mid-block pedestrian


connection shall be provided. This can take the form of a
walkway, parkette, or other publicly accessible open
space;

7. Mid-block pedestrian connections should be a minimum


width of 3.5 metres; and Block lengths should generally not exceed 250 metres

8. Rear lanes should be considered to help reduce the need


for street driveways off of high traffic roadways.

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6.3 Lot Size Variety Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

There are a variety of lot sizes and shapes within the Intensification Areas, including large commercial properties
along King George Road (north of HWY 403), small urban properties in the Urban Growth Centre, and residential
properties along Erie Avenue.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Continuing to provide a variety of lot sizes in larger scale development parcels helps to promote a diversity of built forms and
uses;

2. Lot shapes should be rectilinear where possible to maximize design and siting potential. Exceptions may be considered in
order to address issues of slope, existing property boundaries or density requirements;

3. Corner lots should be adequately sized so development within them can abide by setback requirements on both streets; and
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

4. Lots adjacent to amenity areas such as community centres, transit facilities, parks or other natural or urban destinations
should be designed to support higher density development.

A variety of lot sizes should be provided in larger scale development parcels to help promote diversity of built form and use.

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6.4 Transit Supportive Design Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

DESIGN GUIDELINES
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

1. A mix of land uses and higher densities should be promoted around key
locations, including key intersections and adjacent to the Grand River riverfront,
Transit use should be promoted and encour- in order to create the critical mass required to make transit a viable option;
aged, through consideration of the urban
structure and the design of public spaces, to 2. Access to local transit routes should be located within a 5-minute (400 metre)
ensure successful intensification in the City of walking distance of most residents;
Brantford. New development within the In-
3. Auto dependent uses such as drive-through retail and car washes should be
tensification Areas should achieve a density
discouraged in the Intensification Areas;
that supports transit use throughout the City.
New development should also look to create 4. Transit facilities should be located at public places such as parks and open
a range of complementary uses at key desti- spaces, community centres, schools, and community facilities such as libraries
nations and take advantage of and support and galleries;
high levels of pedestrian activity.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

5. Trails and bicycle routes should link to transit facilities; and

6. Secure bicycle parking and storage space is provided where appropriate.

Transit facilities should be situated to key destinations, where pedestrian activity is high and where sufficient pedestrian connections are provided.

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6.5 Access and Parking
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Much of the urban form within the Intensification Areas is defined by surface parking. In the short-term,
enhanced design is important to improve their appearance from the street. In the mid to long-term, these surface
parking areas will become viable opportunities for intensification with the majority of parking located in
structured decks or below grade.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Surface parking lot with landscaping, pedestrian access, and sidewalks for
internal site circulation

Above grade parking structure with commercial use at grade from the City of Waterloo

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6.6 Surface Parking Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

In the short-term, the enhanced design of surface parking lots is important to minimize their impacts on public
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

spaces.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Large areas of uninterrupted parking should be


avoided. The overall number of parking spaces
should be minimized by sharing the parking between
adjacent properties - especially in the evenings,
weekends and other off-peak times;

2. Surface parking should be located at the rear and


side of buildings. If the lot is not deep enough, the
parking should be located at the side of the building;

3. Where parking areas are adjacent to a public


URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Landscaped traffic island


sidewalk, buffers such as landscaping, trees or with 1 tree for every 15
parking space
bollards should be provided between the parking
area and the sidewalk. This buffer should be located
within the private realm to not reduce the total
sidewalk width;

4. Planting strips, landscaped traffic islands and/or


paving articulation should be used to define vehicle
routes and smaller parking courts that provide
pedestrian walkways, improve edge conditions and
minimize the aesthetic impact of surface parking;

5. The amount of landscaping should be proportionate


to the overall parking lot size, but generally, 1 tree
for every 15 parking spaces is recommended;
Distinctive pavement and/or markings may be used to indicate pedestrian crossings.
6. Landscaping, or other parking area screening devices,
should not obstruct the primary building façade or
total visibility of the parking area;

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6.6 Surface Parking (Con’t) Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

DESIGN GUIDELINES

7. Distinctive pavement and/or markings may be used


to indicate pedestrian crossings;

8. Pedestrian-scaled lighting should be provided along


pathways to enhance visibility and security;

9. Preferential parking for bicycles, energy efficient


vehicles and car-share services are encouraged;

10. Service and drop-off area circulation should not


interfere with pedestrian circulation; and

11. Where appropriate, permeable paving should be


URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

considered to promote drainage.

Landscaping, or other parking area screening devices, should not obstruct the primary
building façade or total visibility of the parking area.

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6.7 Structured Parking Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Underground parking may not always be an economically


viable option. As a large surface parking lot is undesirable,
above-ground structured parking should be considered.
Above-ground structured parking can be incorporated into
new buildings, maintaining a positive urban environment
and allowing for a greater number of spaces and a more
efficient use of land.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. When a parking structure fronts onto a street or open space it


should be developed with an active at-grade use with an
attractive façade that animates the streetscape and enhances
Parking structures should include active uses at-grade.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

pedestrian safety;

2. A vertical mix of parking, residential and/or office above should


be considered a preferred development model, with parking on
the lower floors and residential or office above. Shallow retail or
office units should face the street minimizing the visual impacts
of the structured parking lots;

3. Vehicular access to parking structures should be located at the


rear and/or side of buildings away from main building frontages
and major streets;

4. Pedestrian entrances for parking structures should be located


adjacent to main building entrances, public streets or other
highly visible locations; and

5. Parking within a structure should be screened from view at


sidewalk level and the street-level wall should be enhanced Pedestrian entrances for parking structures should be located adjacent to
through architectural detailing and landscaping. main building entrances. (City of Winnipeg)

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6.8 Servicing and Loading
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Where servicing and loading areas are required, they should not be visually obtrusive;

2. Loading docks and service areas should be located at the side or rear of buildings and should be screened from public view;

3. Servicing enclosures should be constructed of materials that complement the main building (e.g. no chain link fencing);

4. Service and refuse areas should be paved with an impervious surface of asphalt or concrete to minimize the potential for
infiltration of harmful materials;

5. Service and refuse areas should not encroach into the exterior side or front yard setback; and

6. Loading and service areas may occupy the full rear yard if adequate landscape edge and buffer treatments are provided.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Servicing enclosures should be constructed of materials that complement the main building façade.

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6.9 Lanes and Driveways
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Public lanes could be considered to service the commercial uses within the Intensification Areas where feasible, and
to provide access to structured and below-grade parking with minimal interference to pedestrian circulation (i.e.
curb cuts) provided issues of maintenance can be resolved.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. The paved area of laneways should provide adequate


space for emergency vehicles;

2. Areas at the end of laneways should be reserved for


snow storage;

3. Laneways should provide some variety in building form


URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

and setbacks. Long stretches of blank facing or rear


building façades should be discouraged;

4. Where feasible, laneways should be considered as


places to accommodate infrastructure, to allow for
future intensification with addresses on the laneway
(i.e. granny flats);

5. Where laneways are required to provide access to


residential parking facilities, the primary façade of the
building should not face the laneway, nor should at-
grade access be provided;

6. Where residential units overlook a laneway, it should


be designed to be aesthetically pleasing, including high
-quality paving, pedestrian scaled lighting and street Photo source: Urban Toronto.ca, Image from: City of Mississauga

trees. Laneways should provide some variety in building form and setbacks.

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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

7.0 Intensification Corridors


and Urban Growth Centre

New buildings within the Urban


Growth Centre and the Intensification
Corridors should be designed to
address and frame streets and open
spaces. New buildings should have
appropriate massing and articulation
to minimize their presence from
adjacent streetscapes, and provide
appropriate transitions to nearby
residential neighbourhoods.

39
7.1 Building Orientation and Site Layout Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The relationship of buildings to one another, and to streets and open spaces, influences the amount of energy they
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

consume, the comfort of pedestrians at the street, and the quality of interior spaces. Buildings should frame streets
and open spaces, and preserve desirable views.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Buildings should be positioned to frame abutting streets, internal drive aisles, sidewalks, parking areas and amenity areas. On corner
sites, buildings should be designed to frame both the primary and the secondary street;

2. Where a building abuts a natural heritage feature or open space, the interface should create opportunities for easy public access and
viewing from streets and adjacent developments. It is therefore encouraged that where possible, new developments in this condi-
tion face and open towards the public open space;

3. Developments adjacent to any existing heritage properties, or within any area with a prominent heritage character, should carefully
consider that their design is context specific and reflects the heritage character of each property;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

4. Alterations to existing heritage buildings should match, within 2 metres, the pre-established setback of adjacent buildings to ensure
a continuous street wall. This is especially beneficial on sites where buildings are set back from the street or missing;

5. Main building entrances should be directly accessible


from public sidewalks;

6. The front streetwall of buildings should be built to the


front property line, or applicable setback line, to create
a continuous streetwall;

7. A minimum of 75% of a buildings frontage should gen-


erally be built to the applicable setback line; and

8. The remaining 25% of the building frontage can be set


back a maximum of 5m to accommodate lobby entranc-
es, bicycle parking, or outdoor marketing areas (i.e. cafe
seating, display areas, etc.).

Buildings should be appropriately located to frame streets and open spaces, with the primary entrance
directly accessible from the sidewalk. On corner sites, buildings should be designed to frame both the
primary and secondary street frontages.

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7.2 Building Heights Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The ability of buildings to fit into the existing context, and contribute positively to the character of the streetscape
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

is imperative to ensuring successful new buildings in the Intensification Areas. Generally, new buildings should be
between 2 to 8 storeys, depending on their context. Where mid-rise buildings can be accommodated (between 4 to
8 storeys), or in instances where buildings taller than 8 storeys can be accommodated, such buildings should be de-
signed in a manner that promotes human-scaled development, minimizes adverse impacts on adjacent
streetscapes, and provides appropriate transitions to nearby residential neighbourhoods.

DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. Buildings within Intensification Corridors should 5. New development within the Urban Growth Centre and Intensifica-
generally be limited to a mid-rise scale, ranging tion Corridors will strengthen communities, and accommodate
between 4 to 8-storeys; many new residents and jobs. To ensure the most efficient use of
existing infrastructure, and to create a vibrant streetscape, a mini-
2. The maximum height (8-storeys) should generally only mum level of development is also required; and
be achieved if the built form demonstrates compliance
with all other design guidelines (i.e. stepbacks, angular 6. All new buildings should achieve a minimum height of 7.5m (2-
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

planes, etc.); storeys) to promote intensification and ensure the most efficient
use of existing infrastructure.
3. Buildings taller than 8-storeys are encouraged in key
areas, including:

The Urban Growth Centre;

Along Colborne Street East between Iroquois Street and


Lynnwood Road, where lot dimensions and depths provide
sufficient space for high-rise buildings; and

On large lots, on a case-by-case basis, where appropriate


transitions can be made to adjacent properties and all other
guidelines in this section can be met.

4. Taller buildings above 8 storeys should generally be


limited to the sites above where lot size, setbacks,
stepbacks and building transitions can be made to
respect the neighbouring properties;
Example of building height responding to the angular plane.

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7.3 Minimum Ground Floor Height Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Floor heights for commercial uses are generally greater than a typical residential floor. Recognizing that ground
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

floor retail will not be immediately viable throughout the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corridors, a
ground floor height of 4.5 metres is recommended, in areas where future conversion to retail uses at ground level
may be desired, to allow for flexibility of ground floor uses.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Ground floor heights in these key areas should be a


minimum of 4.5m (floor-to-floor) in order to accommodate
retail uses and to provide sufficient vertical clearance for
loading areas; and

2. Ground levels should be free of any significant grade


changes to promote barrier-free access and retail activity,
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

where provided.

New buildings should have a minimum ground floor height of 4.5 metres.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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7.4 Front Façade Stepbacks Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

The podium created through a stepback above the building base creates a human-scaled streetwall and mitigates
the overall impacts of the building height on adjacent streetscapes. The remainder of the building envelope
should be carefully considered to allow for a minimum of 5 hours of sunlight per day on boulevards across the
street within the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corridors from March 21st (spring equinox) to Septem-
ber 21st (Fall Equinox) to ensure pedestrian comfort and encourage active use of the streetscapes.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. A 45-degree angular plane should be applied at a height equivalent to 80% of the width of the right-of-way. Above this 80%
height, building envelopes should generally stepback to adhere to the angular plane;
2. On wider right-of-ways, a 45-degree angular plane applied at 80% of the right-of-way width will result in a stepback at the
upper floors of the building. In this case, an additional “pedestrian perception stepback” is recommended to achieve a human-
scaled building podium;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

3. Stepbacks should be a minimum of 1.5m. 3m is recommended to ensure usable outdoor amenity spaces.

The use of angular setbacks, stepbacks and angular planes helps to shape the built form.

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7.5 Side Building Setbacks Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

New developments in the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corridors should maintain as continuous a
streetwall as possible, while respecting the adjacent properties access to natural light and air. As a result, new
buildings should apply a minimum distance from existing buildings with side windows.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. New buildings should maintain a minimum 5.5 metre distance from existing adjacent buildings that have windows on their side-
facing walls;

2. When the new building is set back at least 5.5 metres from the property line, it should incorporate glazing where possible; and

3. Additional setbacks will be required when the existing building has its primary windows on the side face. The distance of the setback
in these instances will be determined on a case-by-case basis.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

City of Brantford Planning Department


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7.6 Side Building Stepbacks Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

It is important to maintain views and sunlight penetration to public boulevards through the articulation of the
sides of the building. Providing breaks in the streetwall on the upper levels achieves this, and mitigates the
“canyon effect” on longer corridors.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Where properties have wider frontages, the building’s uppermost storeys can step back sideways - allowing for the
application of glazing, thereby reducing the amount of blank sidewalls, should that building be built ahead of its
neighbours; and

2. Narrow sites will not be able to reasonably achieve side stepbacks at the upper levels, and as a result may not achieve their
maximum permitted height.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Example of where a tall streetwall is desirable. Example of where a varied streetwall is desirable, side stepbacks are encour-
aged.

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7.7 Transition to Neighbourhoods Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

Where the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corridors are adjacent to stable residential neighbourhoods, the
application of an angular plane is recommended to provide a transition in height from mid-rise buildings to low
residential homes to reduce shadow impacts on the residential properties, as well as the perception of height.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Above 80% of the building’s permitted height, the property should stepback sideways 5.5 metres to provide sky views and sunlight
penetration to the sidewalks in the right-of-way, and to other nearby properties;

2. When a varied street wall is preferred, side stepbacks should be encouraged above the minimum building height for that area; and

3. Upper storey side Stepbacks are not required for buildings that are 20 metres (6 storeys) or less.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Front, side, and rear property angular planes are recommended to ensure appropriate transitions to adjacent stable low rise resi-
dential development.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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7.8 Building Articulation and Detailing Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

The aesthetic qualities of the building, it’s façade, roof line, windows, and access points are all vital factors in
how the public perceive a building, and how that building impacts their experience of the street.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. The façades of large buildings should be designed to express individual commercial or residential units through distinct
architectural detailing, including entrance and window design;

2. Despite the use of various architectural styles within the City, the design and material quality should be consistent and building
materials and finishes should be complementary;

3. Lots that face on to parks and open spaces should be subject to architectural and landscaping controls in order to provide an
optimal interface;

4. Corner buildings at key intersections should emphasize the focal nature and visibility of these buildings through elements such as
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

bay windows, projections, recesses, special materials, and other architectural details;

5. Buildings should incorporate architectural details such as vestibules, recessed entrances, covered walkways, canopies and awnings
to provide weather protection;

6. Where retail uses are provided at-grade, significant amount of the building frontage on the ground floor and at building base levels
should be glass to allow views of the indoor uses and create visual interest for pedestrians. Clear glass is preferred to promote the
highest level of visibility;

7. Where retail uses are provided at-grade, building entrances should work in conjunction with retail uses and can be expressed and
detailed in a variety of ways including large entry awnings, canopies or double-height glazing. Retractable awnings and canopies
may encroach into the public right-of-way provided a minimum of 2.5 metres of vertical clearance is provided. Permanent awnings
or canopies that encroach into the public right-of-way may require a permit;

8. Where residential uses are included above retail uses, separate entrances should be provided;

9. Secondary entrances should not be the dominant entrance. However, they should be easily accessible and convenient for service,
loading and parking areas; and

10. When building frontages exceed 12 metres in width they should be divided into functionally and visually smaller units through the
use of façade articulation, internal courtyards, and networks of connected walkways and landscaping.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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7.8 Building Articulation and Detailing (Con’t) Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

The above diagram depicts some of the key components of the guidelines affecting building form and massing

City of Brantford Planning Department


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7.9 Roofs and Roofscapes Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Mechanical penthouses that extend above the maximum height limit, but fall within the recommended angular
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

planes, will not impact shadowing, will generally not be visible from adjacent sidewalks, and are minimally visible
from the opposite sidewalk.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Mechanical penthouses may exceed the maximum height limit by up to 5m, but may not penetrate the recommended angular
planes;

2. All mechanical penthouses should be designed and clad with materials that complement the main building façades;

3. The portion of the building roof that is not used for a mechanical penthouse should be occupied by green roofs and/or useable
outdoor amenity space; and

4. Sustainable technologies, such as photovoltaic panels, are encouraged on the roofs of buildings. These panels should fit within the
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

prescribed angular planes.

Example of mechanical penthouse placement within all angular planes.

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7.10 Materials Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The choice of building materials is integral to the appearance and function


THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

of new buildings within the Urban Growth Centre and Intensification Corri-
dors. Particular attention should be paid to building podiums, as this is the
portion of the building that is most visible from the streetscape.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. All new buildings and developments should utilize building materials chosen for their
functional and aesthetic qualities, as well as their energy and maintenance efficiency;

2. All exterior building finishes should demonstrate a high quality of workmanship,


durability and ease of maintenance;

3. Finished materials should extend to all sides of the building, including building
projections and mechanical penthouses;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

4. The ground floor should incorporate a minimum of 60% glazing to enhance safety
through casual surveillance;

5. Building materials and finishes on building façades facing onto or visible from public
streets and public spaces should not include synthetic siding systems, mirror/heavily
tinted glass panels, and unadorned concrete block;

6. Blank walls or unfinished materials along property lines where new developments are
adjacent to existing parking areas or smaller-scaled buildings should be avoided;

7. Where possible, construction materials should be recycled to reduce the environmental


impacts of extracting and manufacturing new materials.

8. If no salvageable materials are available, efforts should be made to purchase materials


from demolition sales, salvage contractors and used materials dealers; and

9. New construction materials should be locally sourced to reduce the impacts of


transportation. Canadian products are generally designed to withstand our climate.

Examples of Appropriate Building Materials

City of Brantford Planning Department


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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

8.0 Residential Areas with-


in the Built Boundary

As intensification occurs on vacant or


underutilized lots, there will be
opportunities for additions, renovations,
and new buildings:

Additions and renovation should be


carefully considered to ensure they
are consistent with, and do not detract
from, the existing built fabric; and

New buildings should promote a


range of housing types and mix of
uses within existing communities, and
on individual blocks, that support
variety and diversity.

51
8.1 Site Design and Building Orientation
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The relationship of buildings to one another, and to streets and open spaces, influences the amount of energy
they consume, the comfort of pedestrians at the street, and the quality of interior spaces. New buildings should
frame streets and open spaces, and preserve desirable views. Additions/renovations to existing buildings and new
buildings should maintain appropriate building/lot coverage ratios and generally reflect the existing historic
character.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Where proposals exist for large residential buildings, please refer to Section 7.1;

2. Alterations to existing buildings and new buildings should generally match the pre-established front yard setback of adjacent
buildings to ensure a continuous streetwall. This is especially beneficial on sites where buildings are currently set back from the
street or are missing altogether;

3. For dwellings with windows facing the side yard, setbacks should generally be a minimum of 1.2 metres;
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

4. Where no windows are provided, setbacks should generally be a minimum of 0.45 metres;

5. There should be a minimum rear yard setback of 7.5 metres measured either to the rear property line or, in instances where a gar-
age is present in the rear yard, to the face of the garage which is closest to the residential dwelling;

6. In instances where a garage is present in the rear yard, there should be a minimum setback of 0.5 metres between the rear proper-
ty line and the face of the garage which is closest to the rear property line;

7. In all cases, additions / renovations or new buildings should not have a building depth greater than 17 metres;

8. Rear yard decks, porches and garden sheds should be permitted provided the rear yard is a minimum 7.5 metres deep. This ex-
cludes rear yard garages that are attached to the dwelling or located at the rear of the property (lane or driveway access);

9. The amount of parking area in the rear yard should be limited to 40% of the rear yard area; and

10. On extra wide lots or those with extra large rear yards, the maximum number of parking spaces should be directly related to the
number of units and internal parking circulation should be discouraged to prevent double-loaded parking areas.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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8.2 Built Form, Height and Massing Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

The design of new residential buildings, as well as additions and renovations, should be context-sensitive, consid-
ering reasonable height transitions. Additions/renovations to existing buildings and infill development should be
consistent with the character of the community and minimize adverse impacts on adjacent dwellings.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Where proposals exist for large residential buildings, please refer to Section 7.0 Urban Growth Centre & Intensification Corridors;

2. Additions/renovations to existing buildings and infill development should ensure a final building that reflects the height, scale and
massing of adjacent buildings; and

3. Additions/renovations to existing buildings should not be greater than 1/3 of the total building volume. Infill development should
not be greater than 1/3 the total building volume of adjacent development.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

The diagrams above demonstrate the possible build-to envelope (based on setbacks established in this document), and how an appropriate ad-
dition (at 1/3 of the total building volume) might fit within this envelope.

City of Brantford Planning Department


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8.2 Built Form, Height and Massing (Con’t) Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Where streets lack a continuous building frontage and there is no negative impact on the identified character defining elements of a heritage property, new
development should contain a setback which reflects an average between those of adjacent buildings.

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8.3 Building Articulation and Detailing Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The aesthetic qualities of the building, its façade, roof line, windows, and access points are all vital factors in how
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

the public perceive a building, and how that building impacts their experience of the street. New buildings should
be designed to integrate within the surrounding Residential Area. Additions and renovations to existing buildings
and infill development should not produce negative impacts on adjacent buildings.

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Where proposals exist for large residential


buildings, please refer to Section 7.8;

2. New building should provide a positive


contribution to the street;

3. Architectural features, such as windows,


URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

dormers, roofs, etc. are encouraged and


should be complementary to the existing
building;

4. Occupiable space above garages should be


consistent in character and quality of detail
with the principal dwelling, including
materials, windows and architectural detail;

5. Stairs to the upper level should be internal


in a garage, but where they are required to
be external, they should be located at the
New buildings in older built-up areas should strike a balance between heritage character and creative,
side or rear of the garage; and
context sensitive architectural design.
6. Garages should not dominate the
streetscape.

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8.4 Materials
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

The choice of building materials is integral to the appearance and function of new buildings. Additions and reno-
vations to existing buildings should be consistent in character and quality of detail with the original materials,
windows and architectural details used to construct the principal dwelling. Infill development should be con-
sistent with the character and quality of detail of adjacent development. Where proposals exist for large residen-
tial buildings, please refer to Section 7.10

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Additions or renovations to existing buildings should


be consistent in character and quality of detail with
the original materials, windows and architectural
details used to construct the principal dwelling; and

2. Green roofs may not be appropriate in some


URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

designated heritage properties. This should be


evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Preferred cladding materials include brick, stone, metal, glass in-situ concrete and pre-
cast concrete

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THE CITY OF BRANTFORD URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

9.0 Residential Areas


with a Heritage Context

For additions and renovations to existing


buildings, the existing stock of heritage
properties should be used as an inspiration
to determine mass, scale, rhythm, and
materials to create a cohesive community.
For new residential buildings, a balance
between heritage character and creative,
context-sensitive architectural design
should be sought.

The following guidelines should be read in


conjunction with Section 7.0 and 8.0 of the
Urban Design Guidelines.

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9.1 Site Design and Building Orientation Intensification Areas and Residential Infill

Residential infill in areas with a heritage context should create a consistent street wall. Alterations to existing
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

buildings should match the pre-established setback of adjacent buildings to ensure a continuous street wall. This is
especially beneficial on sites where buildings are currently set back from the street or are missing altogether.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

New buildings in older built-up areas should create a consistent street wall. Step backs on upper levels should be a minimum of 1.5 metres.

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9.2 Built Form, Height and Massing Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

DESIGN GUIDELINES
1. New buildings and renovations to existing designated buildings or buildings within older built-up areas should not mimic
adjacent heritage properties, but should have sympathetic scale, massing, and height;

2. Heritage properties are to be retained and restored. Their removal is a last resort. Retaining the façade in not an acceptable
substitute to the retention of the whole structure;

3. Heritage properties should generally be limited to their existing height, not including the cornice or parapet, to encourage the
retention of these key features;

4. On blocks with significant heritage frontage, new buildings should have a height-to-width ratio that is similar to existing
buildings;

5. Where appropriate, and where it will not negatively impact the identified character defining elements and values of a heritage
property, new buildings should include setbacks and stepbacks which are consistent with those of adjacent properties. New
buildings should maintain appropriate window proportions and rhythms of entrances, and are encouraged to incorporate green
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

roofs.

New buildings in older built-up should not disrupt the existing scale of development.

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9.3 Building Articulation and Detailing Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. New buildings within older built-up areas


should not mimic adjacent properties, but
should have a sympathetic window
alignment, roof-lines, entrance locations,
ground floor treatment and materials;

2. The original façade materials on heritage


properties should not be changed or
covered. Façade renovations should be in
keeping with the original building
articulation, using those elements that are
intact and replacing those that are missing
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

or damaged (i.e. columns, cornices,


openings, windows, doors, etc);

3. Wherever possible, existing windows and


doors should be restored and made energy
efficient. Their replacement should be seen
as a last resort;

4. Buildings should not be altered through


embellishment or other decorative means
against their initial stylistic intent (i.e.
applying Italianate or Victorian
embellishment to a modern buildings
original character; and
New buildings in older built-up areas should not mimic adjacent buildings, but should contain sym-
5. Additions or renovations in older built-up pathetic design elements
areas should reintegrate key aspects of
heritage design that have been lost through
degradation or previous renovation.

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9.4 Building Materials Intensification Areas and Residential Infill
THE CITY OF BRANTFORD

DESIGN GUIDELINES

1. Additions or renovations to a heritage property should use materials that match or enhance the original structure (i.e. colour,
texture, scale, etc);

2. Where appropriate, heritage structures should be retained and incorporated into new developments, through adaptive re-use; and

3. In all renovations/alterations to a heritage property, a heritage professional should be involved to ensure the most appropriate
renovation techniques and materials are employed.
URBAN DESIGN MANUAL

Material selection for heritage context infill developments should be sympathetic to adjacent heritage build-
ings.

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