Data:
For Tasks 1-8, consider the following data:
7.2, 1.2, 1.8, 2.8, 18, -1.9, -0.1, -1.5, 13.0, 3.2, -1.1, 7.0, 0.5, 3.9, 2.1, 4.1, 6.5
1. Using the list of 17 numbers at the top of the page, the median of this data, rounded to
two decimal places, is:_____.
2.8
2. If you find the median using the original method (paper and pencil), you have to
arrange the values into numeric order (True/False).______________________
TRUE, a value can be easily missed if it is not in ascending or descending order.
3. The interquartile range for this data is (round each value to 3 decimal places):_______.
First Interquartile (Q1): 0.500
Second Interquartile (Q3): 6.500
IQR = Q3 – Q1
6.500 – 0.500 = 6
The interquartile range for this data set is 6.
4. The formula for calculating the interquartile range is_____________ (show the formula
and a citation to the source that you used).
Interquartile Range (IQR) = 3rd Interquartile (Q3) – 1st Interquartile (Q1)
=> IQR = Q3 – Q1
Yakir, B. (2011). 3.6 Summary. Introduction to Statistical Thinking (With R, Without
Calculus). pp. 45.
5. Using techniques that we have studied in this course, the upper and lower cutoff points
(rounded to three decimal places) for identifying outliers (in the given data sample) are:
________ and ________ (this is not a request to show any outliers--just the cutoff points
that would determine what constitutes an outlier). You may round to three decimal places.
Upper Cutoff: 15.5
Lower Cutoff: - 8.5
6. The summary() command shows a list of outliers, if there are any
(True/False):______________________
False, the summary() method does list the minimum and maximum values in the data set
but does not indicate if they are outliers or not.
7. The list of outlier values is:_____________ (if there are none, write "NA").
18.0
8. The standard deviation of the list of 17 numbers is (round to 3 decimal places):
______________
5.249
A Random Variable:
9. The missing probability value (under the number 4) in the random variable table
above is:_______
1 – 0.10 – 0.15 – 0.25 – 0.10 – 0.10 – 0.15 = 0.15
10. The sum of the probabilites in the second row of any random variable table like the
one above should equal (round to 3 decimal places):
_______________________________________________
0.10 + 0.15 + 0.25 + 0.10 + 0.15 + 0.10 + 0.15 = 1.0
11. Read section 4.4.1 in the book (Yakir, 2011). Do the numbers in the table above (for
the random variable) represent a data sample (Yes/No)?____
Yes
12. In the random variable table shown above, the value in the second row represents the
cumulative probability of the corresponding values in the first row (True/False) _________
False
13. The probability that a randomly selected value from this random value will be less
than or equal to 3 is :_____.
The probability that a randomly selected value will be less than or equal to 3 is 4/7 or
0.571.
14. What is the probability that a randomly selected value from the random variable
would be exactly 1.5? ___________ .
The probability that a ramdomly selected value will be exactly 1.5 is 0.
15. Review section 4.4 in the book (Yakir, 2011), especially pages 57—58. The
expectation of the random variable is:______.
The expectation is 2.95.
16. To find the expectation of a random variable by using a relative frequency table, you
can add the values in the first row of the table and divide by the number of columns in the
table (True/False)_________.
False
17. Study Yakir (2011) pp. 57-59 and solved problems 4.1.6-4.1.8. The (population)
standard deviation of the random variable above is (round to 3 decimal places):_______
(hint, you can not put values from the table into the sd() function because the sd() function
does not adjust for the probabilities).
The standard deviation is 1.909843.
18. If you have already calculated the standard deviation of a data sample, what is the
next thing to do to find the variance: ______________________________.
The variance is 3.6475.
A Population:
19. Determine how many observations in the pop3.csv file are of type a: _______.
49584
20. Using the appropriate R function with the default options, what is the median of the
time column of pop3 (round to 3 decimal places): ______________________________.
4.472
21. What is the variance of the time column of pop3 (rounded to three decimal places)?
_______
54.807
