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Contentment Words Otherwise Known As Open Class Words Are Words Denote Concept

Morphology is the study of word structure. There are two main types of morphemes: free morphemes that can stand alone like "lucky", and bound morphemes that must be attached to another morpheme, like the prefix "un". Morphemes can also be prefixes, suffixes, or infixes. Derivational morphemes change the meaning or class of words, while inflectional morphemes mark properties like tense without changing the class.

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29 views3 pages

Contentment Words Otherwise Known As Open Class Words Are Words Denote Concept

Morphology is the study of word structure. There are two main types of morphemes: free morphemes that can stand alone like "lucky", and bound morphemes that must be attached to another morpheme, like the prefix "un". Morphemes can also be prefixes, suffixes, or infixes. Derivational morphemes change the meaning or class of words, while inflectional morphemes mark properties like tense without changing the class.

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Alondra L. Formentera
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MORPHOLOGY

The Words of Language

 Morphology is the study of word structure.


 Morpheme is the minimal unit within a word.

There are two main types of morphemes: free and bound. Free morphemes can
occur alone and bound morphemes must occur with another morpheme. An example of
a free morpheme is "lucky", and an example of a bound morpheme is "un" It is bound
because although it has meaning, it cannot stand alone. It must be attached to another
morpheme to produce a word.

Free morpheme: lucky


Bound morpheme: un

Word: unlucky

Content Words (lexical) Function Words (grammatical)


Nouns Conjunctions
Verbs Prepositions
Adjectives Articles
Adverbs Pronouns

Contentment words otherwise known as open class words are words denote concept
such as objects, actions, attributes, and idea. On the other hand, function words
otherwise known as closed class words have no clear lexical meaning or obvious
concept associated with them; they function as grammatical relation and have little or no
semantic content.

Affixes: Prefix and Suffix

 Prefix is a morpheme that occurs before the other morpheme.


Examples: premeditate, bisexual, bipolar, unusual
 Suffix is morpheme that occurs at the end part of the other morpheme.
Examples: reader, beautiful, teacher, impeachment

Infixes: morpheme that is inserted into other morpheme

Most infixed words in English are obscene in nature as they are often uttered by
locals in a certain context.

Examples: fan-bloody-tastic, hallebloddylujah, ri-fuckin-diculous


Examples (in Filipino): kuha(root word) which means take/get---- kinuha (infixed)
which means have taken/have gotten.

Circumfixes: morpheme that are attach to a base morpheme both initially and
finally. (Consist of prefix and suffix)

Example: enlighten, unlessen, irreplaceable, undefeated

Rules of Word Formation: Inflectional and Derivational

Inflectional Derivational
Grammatical function Lexical function
No words class change May cause word class change
Small or no meaning change Some meaning change
Often required by rules of grammar Never required by rules of grammar
Follow derivational morpheme in a word Precede inflectional morphemes in a word
Productive Some productive, many unproductive

Derivational Morphemes are morphemes that are added to a base word to form a new
word with a new meaning. Thus, the form that results from the addition of derivational
morpheme is called derived word.

Noun to Adjective boy+ish, virtu+ous, pictur+esque


Verb to Noun acquit+al, clear+ance , accus+ation
Adjective to Adverb exact+ly, beautiful+ly, comprehsive+ly
Noun to Adverb home+ward, side+ways, length+wise
Noun to Verb moral+ize, vaccine+ate, hast+en
Adjective to Noun tall+ness, specific, feudal+ism
Verb to Adjective read+able, creat+ive, migrant+ory
Adjective to Verb en+large, en+dear, en+rich

Some derivational affixes do not cause change in grammatical class.

Noun to Noun human+ity, america+an, un+employment


Verb to Verb un+do, re+cover, re+learn
Adjective to Adjective pink+ish, un+happy, il+legal
Inflectional Morphemes mark the properties such as tense, number, person and so
forth. They never change the grammatical category of the stems to which they are
attached.

Examples:

1. I sail the ocean blue.

2. John sails the ocean blue.

3. John sailed the ocean blue.

4. John is sailing the ocean blue.

Affixes Inflectional Examples


s Third person singular She waits at home
ed Past tense She waited at home
ing Progressive She is eating the donut
en Past participle Mary has eaten the donut
s Plural She ate the donuts
’s Possessive Mary’s hair is short
er Comparative Marry has shorter hair than Cassie
est Superlative Mary has the shortest hair

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