Simple Random Sampling

1/26/2021 Simple Random Sampling - Research-Methodology
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Simple Random Sampling

Simple random sampling (also referred to as random sampling) is the purest and the most straightforward probability sampling strategy. It is
also the most popular method for choosing a sample among population for a wide range of purposes. In simple random sampling each
member of population is equally likely to be chosen as part of the sample. It has been stated that “the logic behind simple random sampling
is that it removes bias from the selection procedure and should result in representative samples”[1].
Ideally, the sample size of more than a few hundred is required in order to be able to apply simple random sampling in an appropriate
manner.[2] It can be argued that simple random sampling is easy to understand in theory, but difficult to perform in practice. This is because
working with a large sample size is not easy and it can be a challenge to get a realistic sampling frame.
Simple random sampling
Many dissertation supervisors advice the choice of random sampling methods due to the representativeness of sample group and less room
for researcher bias compared to non-random sampling techniques. However, application of random sampling methods in practice can be
quite difficult due to the need for the complete list of relevant population members and a large sample size.
Other variations of random sampling include the following:
Stratified random sampling

Systematic random sampling
Multistage random sampling
Cluster sampling
Application of Simple Random Sampling: an Example

Application of simple random sampling method involves the following stages:
1. A list of all members of population is prepared. Each element is marked with a specific number (suppose from 1 to N).
2. N items are chosen among a population size of This can be done either with the use of random number tables or random number
generator software. The latter option is more preferable as the selection of random samples can be aided by software such
as Research Randomizer and Stat Trek. In this way researcher bias can be minimized.
There are two popular approaches that are aimed to minimize the relevance of bias in the process of random sampling selection: method of
lottery and the use of random numbers.
The method of lottery is the most primitive and mechanical example of random sampling. In this method you will have to number
each member of population in a consequent manner, writing numbers in separate pieces of paper. These pieces of papers are to be folded
and mixed into a box Lastly samples are to be taken randomly from the box by choosing folded pieces of papers in a random manner
https://research-methodology.net/sampling-in-primary-data-collection/random-sampling/ 1/3
and mixed into a box. Lastly, samples are to be taken randomly from the box by choosing folded pieces of papers in a random manner.
The use of random numbers, an alternative method also involves numbering of population members from 1 to N. Then, the sample size
of N has to be determined by selecting numbers randomly. The use of random number table similar to one below can help greatly with the
application of this sampling technique.
Random number table
Advantages of Simple Random Sampling

1. If applied appropriately, simple random sampling is associated with the minimum amount of sampling bias compared to other
sampling methods.
2. Given the large sample frame is available, the ease of forming the sample group i.e. selecting samples is one of the main advantages
of simple random sampling.
3. Research findings resulting from the application of simple random sampling can be generalized due to representativeness of this
sampling technique and a little relevance of bias.
Disadvantages of Simple Random Sampling

1. It is important to note that application of random sampling method requires a list of all potential respondents (sampling frame) to be
available beforehand and this can be costly and time-consuming for large studies.
2. The necessity to have a large sample size can be a major disadvantage in practical levels
3. This sampling method is not suitable for studies that involve face-to-face interviews covering a large geographical area due to cost
and time considerations
My e-book, The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: a step by step approach contains a detailed, yet simple
explanation of sampling methods. The e-book explains all stages of the research process starting from the selection of the research area to
writing personal reflection. Important elements of dissertations such as research philosophy, research approach, research design, methods
of data collection and data analysis are explained in this e-book in simple words. John Dudovskiy
[1] Gravetter, F.J & Forzano, L.B. (2011) “Research Methods for the Behavioural Sciences” Cengage Learning p.146
[2] Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2012) “Research Methods for Business Students” 6th edition, Pearson Education Limited
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1/26/2021 Simple Random Sampling - Research-Methodology

Simple random sampling

Other variations of random sampling include the following:

Stratified random sampling

Application of Simple Random Sampling: an Example

Random number table

Advantages of Simple Random Sampling

Disadvantages of Simple Random Sampling

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