OBJECTIVES

OBJECTIVES

WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

1
Geography  Module # 2 Unit #1  Lesson #2

BEGIN
BEGIN
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
Students should be able to:
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING? • define the terms chemical and biotic
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION weathering,
• explain the processes of chemical weathering
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION such as carbonation, oxidation and solution,
• discuss how different processes of chemical
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION weathering are influenced by factors such as
climate, rock type, and living organisms,
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC • understand the impact of chemical
weathering on rock surfaces.
QUIZ
QUIZ

3
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Chemical Weathering is the decay of rocks. It
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
occurs when rock minerals react with rain water,
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
moisture or air to alter the chemical composition
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION and structure of the rock. The original rock
minerals are changed to form new compounds
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION which leads to the decomposition of the rocks.

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
Types of chemical weathering are:
Oxidation
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
Solution
Carbonation
QUIZ
QUIZ
Biotic

4
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
WEATHERING
WEATHERING
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION Chemical
ChemicalWeathering
Weathering
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
Oxidation
Oxidation Solution
Solution Carbonation Biotic
Carbonation Biotic

QUIZ
QUIZ

5
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Chemical Weathering
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING? What you need: lemon or lime juice, vinegar,
medicine droppers, two pieces each of
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
limestone, chalk, and quartzite.
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
What to do:
1. Put a few drops of lemon juice on one of each
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
of the three rock samples.
2. Put a few drops of vinegar on each of the other
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC three samples.
3. Look and listen carefully each time you add
QUIZ
QUIZ the lemon juice or 1the vinegar.

6
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Think about the questions and type your responses below.
You must be in Slide Show view to type and delete text.
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

Click
Clickfor
forFeedback
Feedback 7
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
What should have happened:
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
• Lemon juice and vinegar are both weak acids.
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
These mild acids can dissolve rocks that
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION contain calcium carbonate.
• The lemon juice and vinegar should have
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION bubbled or fizzed on the limestone and chalk,
which all contain calcium carbonate.
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION • There should not have been a reaction on the
quartz, which does not contain calcium
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
carbonate.
QUIZ
QUIZ

8
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES • Oxidation is the process in which oxygen
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
chemically combines with other substances.
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING? • Oxidation occurs when rocks are exposed to
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
oxygen the air or water. The chemical addition
of oxygen to compounds in the rock can
22- -SOLUTION
weaken the structure of the rock.
SOLUTION
• When iron compounds combine with oxygen
ferric oxide (iron oxide) is formed which gives
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
rocks a reddish brown tinge.
• Oxidation causes rocks to decay and crumble
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
easily.
• Oxidation is the process that causes metals to
QUIZ
QUIZ
rust .
9
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Can you identify the areas where oxidation
WHAT
has occurred?
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
In Slide Show view, type your
WEATHERING?
answer in the box below.

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

10
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Describe what is taking place in the picture.
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL In Slide Show view,
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING? type your answer in the
box below.
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

11
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES  Rocks that dissolve easily in water are said to
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
be soluble.
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
 Many minerals are soluble in water especially if
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION the water is acidic. Minerals such as rock salt
can be dissolved by water.
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION  Most rain water and water in the soil are
slightly acid. When the minerals in rock
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
dissolve hollows are left within the rock
structure while the less soluble minerals
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
remain.
QUIZ
QUIZ

12
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES • Carbonation is a form of chemical weathering
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
which affects limestone. It operates like this:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
• Carbonation takes place when carbon dioxide
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION in the atmosphere dissolves in rain water to
form carbonic acid.
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION • Rain water as a weak acid reacts with
limestone (calcium carbonate) and it becomes
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
soluble and dissolves in the water.
• The process of carbonation occurs along the
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
joins in the limestone and enlarge them.
QUIZ
QUIZ

13
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES

WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

A limestone pavement – notice the grooves and ridges

caused by solution of the limestone 14
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
Lichens are plants that
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
produce weak acids.
These plants often grow
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION on rocks. As they grow,
the acids they produce
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
seep into the rocks and
dissolve some of the
minerals resulting in
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
chemical weathering.

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

15
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES  Are you ready to test yourself?
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
 There are four multiple choice items that you
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
are required to do.
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION  For each item, click on the letter of the correct
response and then click the button ‘NEXT
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION QUESTION’ to continue.
 You must be in sldie show view to do the quiz.
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION  Click the BEGIN QUIZ button to proceed.
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ BEGIN
BEGINQUIZ!
QUIZ!
16
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES The general process by which rocks are broken down on
the Earth’s surface is called:
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
A.
A.decomposition
decomposition
OXIDATION

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION B.
B.erosion
erosion

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION C.
C.denudation
denudation

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
D.
D.weathering
weathering
QUIZ
QUIZ

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK 17
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Question 1: The general process by which rocks
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
are broken down on the Earth’s surface is called:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION Feedback
Weathering is the first stage in the break down of
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION rocks which are then picked up by agents of
erosion such as running water, the sea and
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
moving ice. All these processes result in
denudation.
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

NEXT
NEXTQUESTION
QUESTION 18
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES The decomposition of rock from exposure to
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
water and atmospheric gases is known as:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

A.
A.Mechanical
Mechanicalweathering
weathering
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

B.
B.Chemical
Chemicalweathering
weathering
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

C.
C.Denudation
Denudation
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

D.
D.Salt
Saltwedging
wedging
QUIZ
QUIZ

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK 19
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Question 2: The decomposition of rock from
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
exposure to water and atmospheric gases is
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
known as:
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION

Feedback
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION Chemical weathering results in the change in the
chemical composition of rocks this is brought
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
about by chemical reactions that occur in the
presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

NEXT
NEXTQUESTION
QUESTION 20
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Chemical weathering takes place most effectively
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
when it is:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
A.
A.Cold
Coldand
anddry
dry

22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
B.
B.Cold
Coldand
andwet
wet
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
C.
C.Warm
Warmand
andwet
wet
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
D.
D.Dry
Dryall
allthe
thetime
time
QUIZ
QUIZ

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK 21
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
Question 3: Chemical weathering takes place
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL most effectively when it is:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION Feedback
Chemical weathering occurs because chemical
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION reactions are occurring on rock surfaces. Most
chemical reactions occur in the presence of
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION water and in warm temperatures. Thus warm
wet conditions are ideal settings for chemical
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
weathering.
QUIZ
QUIZ

NEXT
NEXTQUESTION
QUESTION 22
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Carbonic acid, the primary agent of chemical
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
weathering is produced by:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
A.
A.Plant
Plantroots
roots
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
B.
B.Carbon
Carbondioxide
dioxidedissolving
dissolvingin
inrain
rainwater
water
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION
C.
C.Bacteria
Bacteriathat
thatfeeds
feedson
onplant
plantand
andanimal
animalremains
remains
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC
D.
D.Oxygen
Oxygenreacting
reactingwith
withiron
ironcompounds
compounds
QUIZ
QUIZ

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK 23
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Question 4: Carbonic acid, the primary agent of
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
chemical weathering is produced by:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
Feedback
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
Rain water dissolves carbon dioxide from the air
as it passes through it rain water (H2O ) + carbon
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
dioxide (CO2) = mild carbonic acid (H2 CO3)
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

NEXT
NEXTQUESTION
QUESTION 24
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES The process in which oxygen chemically
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
combines with substances is:
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?

11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION
A.
A.Oxidation
Oxidation
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION
B.
B.Decomposition
Decomposition
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

C.
C.Carbonation
Carbonation
44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

D.
D.Denudation
Denudation
QUIZ
QUIZ

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK 25
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES Question 5: The process in which oxygen chemically
combines with substances is:
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
Feedback
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION Oxidation –is the chemical addition of oxygen to
compounds in rocks and it can weaken the structure of
22- -SOLUTION
rocks. Oxygen either dissolved in water or in the air
SOLUTION
combines with minerals present in the rocks.
 This type of weathering is also known as rusting as
33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION the rock discolours to a reddish-brown colour.

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

END
ENDOF
OFQUIZ
QUIZ 26
 OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES  You have reached the end of the quiz.
WHAT
WHATISISCHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
 If you wish to review this lesson, go to the first
WEATHERING?
WEATHERING?
slide.
11- -OXIDATION
OXIDATION  If you have finished viewing the lesson, click
the Close (X) button.
22- -SOLUTION
SOLUTION

33- -CARBONATION
CARBONATION

44- -BIOTIC
BIOTIC

QUIZ
QUIZ

27