The document discusses torque (moment of force) and how it is calculated. It defines torque as being proportional to the magnitude of a force and the perpendicular distance (moment arm) from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force. The direction of the torque vector is perpendicular to both the distance and force vectors. Varignon's theorem states that the torque of a force about any point is equal to the sum of the torques of its component forces about that point. An example problem demonstrates calculating torque directly and using force components.
The document discusses torque (moment of force) and how it is calculated. It defines torque as being proportional to the magnitude of a force and the perpendicular distance (moment arm) from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force. The direction of the torque vector is perpendicular to both the distance and force vectors. Varignon's theorem states that the torque of a force about any point is equal to the sum of the torques of its component forces about that point. An example problem demonstrates calculating torque directly and using force components.
The document discusses torque (moment of force) and how it is calculated. It defines torque as being proportional to the magnitude of a force and the perpendicular distance (moment arm) from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force. The direction of the torque vector is perpendicular to both the distance and force vectors. Varignon's theorem states that the torque of a force about any point is equal to the sum of the torques of its component forces about that point. An example problem demonstrates calculating torque directly and using force components.
The document discusses torque (moment of force) and how it is calculated. It defines torque as being proportional to the magnitude of a force and the perpendicular distance (moment arm) from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force. The direction of the torque vector is perpendicular to both the distance and force vectors. Varignon's theorem states that the torque of a force about any point is equal to the sum of the torques of its component forces about that point. An example problem demonstrates calculating torque directly and using force components.
1/2 The magnitude of the moment M or tendency of the force F to rotate the body about the axis normal to the plane of the body is proportional both to the magnitude of the force and to moment arm d, which is the perpendicular distance from the axis to the line of action of the force.
M Fd The illustrations of the force moment definition are shown in the following pictures:
DWK 30 Moment of Force (Torque) ........2/2 The direction of the torque vector is perpendicular to both the distance and force vectors, and is given by the right hand rule. There are a variety of ways of expressing the right hand rule. In this case, it could be expressed this way. If vector d were a rod, pinned at the origin, notice that force component would cause d to start to rotate counterclockwise about the origin. If we now curl the fingers of our right hand in the same way as the rotation, our thumb will point the direction or the torque vector, in this case, out of the screen. (+ z direction.)
DWK 31 Varignon’s Theorem One of the most useful principles of mechanics states that the moment of a force about any point is equal to the sum of the moments of the force components about the same point. C
P R
p r Q p B r q q A a O
The magnitude of the moment of the resultant Rr Ra sin r
R to point O : R sin r AC AB BC Q sin q P sin p Rr a Q sin q P sin p Qa sin q Pa sin p Qq Pp DWK 32 Example 1.5 ….1/2 Figure (a) shows force F acting at a defined point. If F = 17,9 N, = 45o and d = 21,4 m, calculate MQ !
Solution Direct calculation from figure (a) can be done as follows: sin θ r d r d sin m m Μ Q Fr N mΝm Νmccw(counter clock wise) atau - Νm DWK 33 Example 1.5 ….2/2 In figure (b) through force components of F, the calculation can be done as follows: Fy F sin θ 17,5 N)(sin o ) Ν Ν Fx F cos θ 17,5 N)(cos o ) Ν Ν
M y Fy d Ν, m
Νmccwor - Νm M x ( Fx )0Νm
