FACULTY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND

BUSINESS
UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA KELANTAN

BACHELOR OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
(RETAILING) (HONS)

SUBJECT:
FRANCHISING AND LICENSING (ARS 3063)

LECTURER:

NAME STUDENT ID GROUP

FATIMAH ZAHARAH ABDULLAH A18A0141 L2
MUHAMMAD HAKIM BIN GHAZALI A18A0361 L2
NURULHUSNA BINTI HAMZAH A18A0759 L2
ONG HUI SIN A18A0765 L2
PAVITRADEWI CHAILADOREY A18A0776 L2
SITI FATIHAH BINTI ZAHARI A18A0844 L2
AMIRUL FILDZA SAFWAN BIN JEFRI AL A18A1055 L2
BAHARIN
NUR NADIAH ADILAH BINTI AZHAR A18A1119 L2
MOHAMMAD SYAFIQ IZAT BIN ISMAIL A18B1167 L2
NUR ALIS AFIFA BINTI NORLIN A18B1172 L2
DR. NURUL ASHYKIN BINTI ABD AZIZ

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 SMART PRINTING STUDIO SERVICE

GROUP 4

NO. CONTENT PAGE

1.0 INTRODUCTION 6-7

1.1 Name of the company 6

1.2 Nature of business 6

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 1.3 Industry Profile 6

1.4 Location of business 6

1.5 factors in selecting the proposed venture 7

2.0 BACKGROUND OF COMPANY 7

2.1 Name of the company 7

2.2 Adress (business and correspondence) 8

2.3 Telephone number/fax number/ email address 8

2.4 Form of business 8
2.5 main business activities 8-9

2.6 Date of commencement 10

2.7 Date of registration and registration number 10

3.0 BACKGROUND OF FRANCHISOR/OWNER 10

3.1 Personal particulars of owner 10 - 19

3.2 Partnership agreement 20-21

4.0 BACKGROUND OF FRANCHISE OUTLET 21

4.1 Physical location 21

4.2 Price of premise 21 - 22

4.3 Availability of manpower 22

4.4 Transportation facilities 22

4,6 Basic amenities 23 - 24

5.0 ORGANIZATION/MANAGEMENT/ADMINISTRATION PLAN 24

5.1 Organization’s mission, vision and objective 24

5.2 Organizational chart/structure 25

5.3 Human resources planning 26 - 27

5.4 List of office equipment’s’ and supplies 28

5.5 Administrative budget 28 - 29

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6.0 MARKETING PLAN/ANALYSIS 29
6.1 Description of products or services 29 - 31

6.2 Target market 32

6.3 Market size 32

6.4 Competitors 32 – 33

6.5 Market share 34

6.6 Sales forecast 35

6.7 Marketing strategy 36

7.0 OPERATIONAL PLAN/ PRODUCTION STRATEGY 36

7.1 Operational/innovation process 36 - 37

7.2 Process flow chart 37- 38

7.3 Production schedule/Capacity planning-output in units 38 - 39

7.4 Material requirement 39 – 40

7.5 Machine and equipment requirement 40 - 42

7.6 Operation layout plan 43

7.7 Location of operations 44
7.8 Operational overheads 45

7.9 Operational budget 45

8.0 FINANCIAL PLAN/STRATEGY/ANALYSIS 46

8.1 Pro forma cash flow statements 46
8.2 Pro forma profits and loss accounts/income statements 47
8.3 Pro forma balance sheet 48 – 51

9.0 CONCLUSION 52

10.0 REFERENCE 52

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

Smart Printing is a studio printing service that provides printing and packaging services.
Our office is located in Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan. We specialize in offset, business cards,
custom flyers, custom posters, brochures digital & UV prints, graphic design, premium box &
paper box, advertising & promotional printing, etc.

Smart Printing Studio, like all other businesses, tends to face technological transition, as
computers and technologies change the way work is conducted. Many of the procedures that
have been performed by hand have been more streamlined. The effect of technology can be
seen in all three phases of printing: prepressing, preparing of printing materials; printing, actual
printing; and post-pressing or finishing, folding, binding and trimming of printed sheets into final
form. The most notable changes have occurred in the prepress stage. Instead of cutting and
pasting articles by hand, workers now produce entire publications on a computer, complete with
artwork and graphics. Columns can be displayed and arranged on the computer screen exactly
as they will appear in print, and then printed. Nearly all prepress work is becoming
computerized, and prepress workers need more training in computers and graphic
communications software. Printing processes today use scanners to input images and
computers to manipulate and format the graphic images prior to printing. Digital printing also is
transforming prepress operations as well as the printing process. It eliminates much of the
lengthy process in transferring print files to the printing press by directly transferring digital files
to an electronically driven output device by passing most prepress operations.

The primary goal of the Smart Printing Studio is to convey a customer's message to its
target audience on some form of published material, whether it's a, brochure, directory, or

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product packaging. Businesses in the printing industry take the customer's message and,
depending on the services available, design the end product, lay it out, and print it.

At first glance, the question of market size seems very simple: are there enough future
service customers to make a new company feasible? But when carefully considered, potential
market size often poses extreme problems, a market may be too small to be economically viable,
or a market may potentially be so large that a small fish would have difficulty surviving.

Smart Printing Studio is a very useful facility that offers a low cost option for anybody
who wants to get their business cards, custom flyers, custom posters, brochures and every
other form of print completed easily and efficiently. You've either come to our studio or you can
do it online by downloading your files over the Internet, making choices about your paper, colour
and style, and delivering your printed materials to your house. Even if you do not have previous
experience with online printing, getting your prints to look exactly the way you want is simple
and intuitive. To make this process easier for you, we have developed this Smart Online Printing
Guide.

The purpose of this Guide is to help you explore what you need to ensure that our
printing is just what you want in terms of colours, paper and all the various things that are
essential to a high-quality, vibrant "on-paper" version of your specifications. We hope you enjoy
reading this guide and find it straightforward, educational and, most of all, useful.

2.0 BACKGROUND OF COMPANY

2.1 Name of the company

The primary goal of the printing industry is to convey a customer's message to its target
audience on some form of published material, whether it's a newspaper, magazine, book,
brochure, directory, or product packaging. Businesses in the printing industry take the
customer's message and, depending on the services available, design the end product, lay it
out, and print it. Some printers offer a full range of design and layout services, while others only
offer printing.

(Company names) is a full service agency that sells printing and related services.
Products such as business cards, letterhead, envelopes, brochures, booklets, business forms,
posters, catalogues and labels are manufactured and delivered on a timely and cost effective

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basis. The added value of (Company names) is its knowledge and expertise. Printing needs are
evaluated and assessed; ideas and solutions are offered for each client to meet their individual
needs. Most companies require a number of varied print media in order operate, market, and
communicate efficiently on a daily basis.

The print industry is competitive. The way we differ is to define the vision of the company
to be a reliable and informative ally to our clients. Most printing companies can only afford a
small variety of printing equipment, therefore can only offer a limited type of print media. We
maintain close contact with several print manufacturers, paper distributors, and graphic
specialists in order to offer most any type of printing on any type of paper at a competitive price.
We know where to turn for all types of printing, this saves our clients money and time that would
be wasted searching this broad field for each precise need.

2.2 Address (business and correspondence)

(Company name) Smart Printing Studio is located at Kota Bharu, Pengkalan Chepa
area. Convenience is essential to us because we need to be close to our market because we
are trying to get people to travel to reach us. We chose this location because it is a strategic
location. This is because there are students within the area because our studio is near the
University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK). There are also many convenience store in the area of
Pengkalan Chepa that make the area is full of people. Other than that, this location has
sufficient parking lots that can be used for our customers. The address that we use is Karung
Berkunci 36, Kota Bharu, Taman Bendahara, 16100 Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan. For those
who are interested for printing services can search the location. We will make sure to fulfill
customer needs and wants.

2.3 Telephone number/fax number/ email address

Telephone number : 011-24132798

Fax number : 05-5337864

Email address : [email protected]

2.4 Form of business

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 1. Partnership
The business owned by two or more persons who contribute resources into the entity.
The partners divide the profits of the business among themselves. In general
partnerships, all partners have unlimited liability. In limited partnerships, creditors cannot
go after the personal assets of the limited partners.

2.5 Main business activities

Opening a new small business of their very own is a dream for many people, and they
often pour their heart and soul into making theirs a success. One aspect that’s part and parcel
of being an entrepreneur is putting in a lot of effort and keeping things organized, but a printing
company can go a long way towards making this a whole lot easier.

A fact of life for almost any company is the need for paperwork to keep things running smoothly.
Whether it is order forms, receipt blanks, brochures, advertising, or letterheads, a business that
provides printing services will be able to help. Since each enterprise will be different and have
unique needs, a professional print company will work with each one on an individual basis to
design and produce materials that meets its specific requirements and budget. The final cost
can often be less than what one would pay to produce these items in house.

Another area where the expertise of printing companies can make a huge difference is in
graphic design, be it with layouts for flyers and other ads, the creation of logos, or brand
development. It’s even possible for them to go “outside the box” and provide everything from
custom printed drink ware to T-shirts, staff name tags, and promotional items such as magnets,
lanyards, and postcards, all at a price that can be more affordable than one might think.

Small businesses can be a big part of the backbone that holds communities together, and with
the help of printing professionals, setting one up and keeping it running smoothly can be
significantly simplified. So, these are the activities of service printing provided in the studio.

1. Binding of printed sheets, e.g. into books, brochures, magazines, catalogues etc., by
folding, assembling, stitching, glue sticker, collating, basting, adhesive binding, trimming,
gold stamping.
2. Plate-making services including image setting and plate-setting (for the printing
processes letterpress and offset)

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 3. Engraving or etching of cylinders for gravure
4. Plate processes direct to plate (also photopolymer plates)
5. Preparation of plates and dies for relief stamping or printing
6. Production of proofs
7. Artistic work including preparation of litho stones and prepared woodblocks
8. Production of reprographic products
9. Design of printing products e.g. sketches, layouts, dummies etc.
10. Other graphic activities such as die-sinking or die-stamping, Braille copying, punching
and drilling, embossing, varnishing and laminating, collating and in setting, creasing.

2.6 Date of commencement

Our printing services will commencement operation on 18th December 2019

2.7 Date of registration and registration number

Registered date : 20th October 2019

Registered number : 201901047125 (1312525-A)

3.0 BACKGROUND OF FRANCHISOR

3.1 Personal Particulars of Owner

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 FRANCHISOR

NAME Muhammad Hakim bin Ghazali

BIRTH DATE 14 August 1998

AGE 22 years old

ADDRESS PT 17544, Jalan Paka, Kampung Paya Apek, Batu

5, 23000 Dungun, Terengganu

QUALIFICATION Bachelor of Entrepreneurship (retail) in Honours

EXPERIENCE Working as a manager at Ikea for 5 years.

SKILLS Expert in management, marketing and leadership

ADMINISTRATION MANAGEMENT

NAME Fatimah Zaharah Abdullah

BIRTH DATE 18 August 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS No.9A, Kampung Parit Selangor, 81500 Pekan
Nenas, Johor
QUALIFICATION Bachelor of Entrepreneurship (retail) with
Honours
EXPERIENCE - Experience as a marketing manager for 3
years
- Experience as an administration manager for 4
years
SKILLS Expert in computer skills, good in time

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management and communication

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 EXECUTIVE OFFICER

NAME Mohamad Syafiq Izat bin Ismail

BIRTH DATE 28 February 1997
AGE 23 years old
ADDRESS Kg Kenak, Busut Susu, 17020 Pasir Mas, Kelantan
QUALIFICATION Bachelor of Entrepreneurship (Retailing)
EXPERIENCE - Sales assistant
- sales consultant
- promoter
- customer service
SKILLS Customer service skills, the ability to work well with
others, patience and the ability to remain calm in
stressful situations, excellent verbal communication
skills, the ability to sell products and services, to be
able to use a computer and the main software
packages competently and can work in team

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 MARKETING MANAGEMENT

NAME Siti Fatihah binti Zahari

BIRTH DATE 28 September 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS Kg Kubang Nibung, Beris Kubur Besar, 16050
Bachok, Kelantan
QUALITIFICATION Degree In Retailing
EXPERIENCE Manager at Brand Outler for 3 years
SKILLS Microsoft skills, teamwork

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 MARKETING MANAGEMENT

NAME Nurulhusna binti Hamzah

BIRTH DATE 18 Disember 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS Kg Lengkuas, Bukit Pinang, 06200 Alor Setar,
Kedah
QUALIFICATION Degree in Retailing
EXPERIENCE 1 years in marketing department
SKILLS Marketing, multitasking and languages

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 MARKETING MANAGEMENT

NAME Nur Nadiah Adilah Binti Azhar

BIRTH DATE 2 March 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS No 54, Dataran Perpaduan 5, Taman Bercham
Raya, 31150 Ulu Kinta, Perak.

QUALIFICATION Degree in Retailing

EXPERIENCE - Experience in Human Resource
Department at Ipoh Parade for 1 year.
- Experience as Marketing Manager at Aeon
Mall for 2 years
- Experience as Sales Promoter for 8 Months
SKILLS Customer service skills, expert in marketing and
multitasking language

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 OPERATION MANAGEMENT

NAME Amirul Fildza Safwan bin Jefri Al Baharin

BIRTH DATE 9 August 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS No 24, Jalan Putra 2/27 Bandar Putra, 85000
Segamat, Johor
QUALIFICATION Degree in Retailing
EXPERIENCE Customer service attendance
SKILLS Customer service skill, marketing and
administration

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 OPERATION MANAGEMENT

NAME Nur Alis Afifa binti Norlin

BIRTH DATE 23 April 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS 1409-A, Kubang Kerian, 16150 Kota Bahru,
Kelantan
QUALIFICATION Degree in Retailing
EXPERIENCE - Work as sales person
- Financial staff at Terengganu
- Sales promoter
SKILLS Able to work in pressure, marketing, Microsoft,
good in calculate and account basic

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 OPERATION MANAGEMENT

NAME Pavitradewi A/P Chailadorey

BIRTH DATE 28 September 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS No 37, Kampung Bunga Raya Kuang, 48050
Rawang Selangor
QUALIFICATION Bachelor Degree in Retailing
EXPERIENCE Work in management department
SKILLS Microsoft office, excellent in communication skills

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 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

NAME Ong Hui Sin

BIRTH DATE 16 July 1998
AGE 22 years old
ADDRESS No69, Kampung Baru No2, 84900 Tangkak,
Johor
POSITION Financial Manager
QUALIFICATION Degree in Business Management
EXPERIENCE Staff Financial department at ENCOUR
BOUTIQUE Johor for 2 years
SKILLS Handling Microsoft office, excellent in soft skills
and accounting skill

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3.2 Partnership Agreement

This agreement of partnership is made for the future conflict or issues, by and between the
undersigned Partners.

1. Formation
The undersigned hereby form a General Partnership in and in accordance with the laws
of the State of Kelantan.

2. Name
The name of the Partnership shall be Muhamad Hakim bin Ghazali, Fatimah Zaharah
Abdullah, Siti Fatihah binti Zahari, Ong Hui Sin, Nurulhusna binti Hamzah, Mohamad
Syafiq Izat bin Ismail, Amirul Fildza Safwan bin Jefri Al Baharin, Nurul Nadiah Adilah
binti Azhar and Nur Alis Afifa binti Norlin.

3. Purpose
The purpose of the Partnership shall be to incest the assets of the Partnership in stocks,
bonds and securities for the financial and educational benefit of the Partners while
employing fundamental principles and techniques of sound investment practices.

4. Meetings
Periodic meetings shall be held once a week will all Partners consent

5. Term of agreement
This agreement covers a term from the date of signing until 18 December 2021.

6. Capital Contributions
This agreement covers all activities. This includes consultation and decision making
between Partners communication with media and development and distribution of
information. The Partners will each make minimum monthly investments of RM1000 at
regular monthly meetings. Partners may make an optional additional contributions in any
amount increment. Regular monthly contributions, normally collected in early month and
must due to prior a week in early month from anyone who was unable to attend that
monthly meeting due to the emergency or illness. No Partner’s capital account shall
exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the capital accounts of all Partners.

20
 7. Valuation of the Partnership
The current value of the assets of the Partnership, less the current value of the debts
and liabilities of the Partnership shall be determined at a regularly scheduled date and
time proceeding the date of each periodic meeting.

8. Capital Accounts
There shall be maintained a capital account in the name of each Partner Any increase or
decrease in the value of the Partnership on any valuation date shall be credited or
debited.

4.0 BACKGROUND OF FRANCHISE:

Franchising, as an organizational form, continues to increase in importance in the

provision of services, jobs and self-employment opportunities. This has led increasingly to its
presence in debates spanning a number of disciplinary fieldsincluding management, marketing,
economics, law and entrepreneurship. Modern-day franchising is believed to have started
franchise of the company Studio Printing Service who to provide printing services in Kelantan.

4.1 Physical location

An individual franchise is must considere the physical of location before they set up the
outlet. The location must be close to the target market in order to made sure our service can
reach the target market which is our target market who ore surrounding Taman Bendahara ,
Pengkalan Chepa. It can simultaneously increase the sales of the business because of crowded
of people live around there which mostly are business people and employees. A proven location
or store serve as a basis for franchise to test the stores which it will operating successfully and
consistently profitable.

4.2 Price of premies

Nowaday, there are thousands of franchises across hundreds of industries and sectors.
Not surprisingly, to open any premise of franchise do not come cheaply especially if the

21
franchise brand already famous or well-known among customer. Franchises can be very
expensive, usually depending on the amount of business that a franchisee is expected to do. It
also depend the location of outlet either it focus place to the customer. The fee includes the cost
of the property, equipment, training, start-up costs, and the franchise fee a one-time charge for
the right to operate as a Studio Printing Service outlet.

4.3 Availability of manpower

Manpower planning is concerned with identifying the organization demand for human
resource and devising means to ensure that a sufficient supply of labour is available to meet
that demand. Availability of manpower is an employment forecast which is the process of
forecasting and planning for the right numbers and the right kinds of personnel at the right
places and at the right times, to perform various tasks that will benefit both either franchisor or
individuals franchise in Studio Printing Service involved. Manpower is the most important
resource of an organization. Success of any organization depends majorly upon its manpower
and their performance. In order to ensure effective performance in printing service, required
workforce with the necessary qualifications, skills, knowledge, work experience and aptitude for
work is inevitable. It comes from strong management team made up of internal officers and
directors who understand both particular industry. Field support staff who are skilled trainers
and communicatorsnmust be available to monitor quality control standards.

4.4 Transportation facilities

Printing franchises cater to small and medium sized businesses that have to print,
copying or production capabilities of larger organizations. Plus, in today global economy, the
safe and timely transportation of goods is necessary. Our packaging and shipping franchises
from the customer order will made our company double check before delivered using platform of
delivery like Skynet, Poslaju, J&T and so on for customer that far away from ouf outlet to ensure
that businesses and consumers can package and ship goods with the confidence will be
delivered intact and on time. Studio Printing Service have provide a van to deliver the order from
customer live nearby to our outlet.

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4.5 Distance from customer

The company will primarily target small and start-up businesses throughout the country.
So our outlet of franchise will built near to the focus location to make sure our customer easy to
engage with our outlet. The company will also develop plans to negotiate deals with big
businesses.

4.6 Basic amenities

Studio Printing Service will develop a unique website that provides customers various
ways to create business stationery, including business cards, envelopes, notepads, face mask,
cloth and others. This because our franchise has the basic amenities and some of our
equipment more sophisticated from the other outlet. A graphic art design will also be provided,
enabling customers to create company logos and other designs essential to their company’s
identity since our target market is for business people and the surrounding our outlet.

Trademarks. The company plans to register a franchise corporation under the name of Studio
Printing Service and operate under the same name. Trademark usually known as to easy
remember our franchise among customer. It can use to increase the sales of franchise if our
trademark are unique and creative.

Brand. A franchise get a licenses that know how the procedures, intellectual property, use of
its business model, brand, and rights to sell its branded products and services from the
franchisor.. In return the franchisee pays certain fees and agrees to comply with certain
obligations, typically set out in a Franchise Agreement. Studio Printing Service franchisee must
carefully negotiate the license and must develop a marketing or business plan with the
franchisor.

The fees must be fully disclosed and there should not be any hidden fees. It must take a
good step to avoid any happen in future that will cause our business until lose. The start-up
costs and working capital must be known before the license is granted. There must be

23
assurance that additional licensees will not crowd the "territory" if the franchise is worked
according to plan. The franchisee must be seen as an independent merchant. It must be
protected by the franchisor from any trademark infringement by third parties. A franchise
attorney is required to assist the franchisee during negotiations.

5.0 ORGANIZATIONAL/ MANAGEMENT/ ADMINISTRATION

5.1 Organization’s Mission, Vision and Objective

MISSION

- “To be the one choice for everyone stop printing service in the city!”
- At Smart Printing, we will implement quality procedure of our product for every stage.
Start from of design to delivery, making sure that everything is perfect!

VISSION

- To become Smart Printing most recognized by people and be the trusted printer store.
- We will use the talents that we have to recognize for our innovation, client loyalty and
unwavering integrity. We also will provide the new ideas and smart solutions for our
clients, special rights to be the trusted advisor.

OBJECTIVE

- The objective of the Smart Printing is to be the only one global platform for the printing
and related industries in order to promote business opportunities and the image of the
print. Our facilities the exchange of information on economic, also sharing best practices
on environmental issues and provide support business opportunities for its member

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5.2 Organizational Chart/ Structure

FRANCHISOR

MUHAMMAD
HAKIMBIN GHAZALI

ADMINISTRATION
FATIMAH
ZAHARAH
ABDULLAH

EXECUTIVE OFFICER MARKETING OPERATION OFFICIER FINANCIAL

OFFICER
1. SITI FATIHAH BT 1. PAVITRADEWI
NOHAMMAD ZAHARI ONG HUI SIN
CHAILADOREY
SYAFIQ IZAT BIN
ISMAIL 2. NUR NADIAH 2. NUR ALIS AFIFA
ADILAH BINTI BINTI NORLIN
AZHAR 3. AMIRUL FILDZA
3. NURULHUSNA SAFWAN BIN JEFRI AL
BINTI HAMZAH BAHARIN

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5.3 Human Resources Planning

Objective human
resources
planning
Current
Appraisal
manpower
manpower plan
inventory

Forecasting
Training and
demand and
development
supply

Employee plan Manpower gaps

OBEJECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCES PLANNING

- To create a highly talented workforce in the organization

- We also wanted to protect the weaker sections of the management in the organizations
- To manage the challenges in the organization due to modernization, restructuring and
re-engineering in the future.

CURRENT MANPOWER INVENTORY

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We will analyze type of business we manage. Need to know the number of departments that we
have. Number and quantity of every departments also need to be known. We also will see in
these work units.

FORECASTING DEMAND AND SUPPLY

- Demand forecasting helps Smart Printing in determining the number and type of
personnel or human resources required in future.
- Supply forecasting is helps to determine the size and quality of present and potential
human resources available from within and outside the organization to meet the future
demand of human resources
- Supply forecast is the estimate of the number and kind of potential personnel that should
have in the organization

MANPOWER GAPS

Smart Printing will analyze the demand and supply forecasts that will helps to the number of
people to be recruited or made redundant in our organization. We will know how many people
that need to be recruit.

EMPLOYEE PLAN

Employee plan to helps our employees to see a clear development path in front of them. this will
help them to be motivated and think that they are useful in Smart Printing company. We wanted
to form well-motivated staff in this company.

TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

- Training and development will be given to our employee. This like educational activities
to enhance the knowledge and skills employees while providing information and
instruction on how to better perform specific tasks.
- They will provide training staff, plan and administer training seminars, and manage
conflict resolution, team building, and employee skill evaluations.

APPRAISAL MANPOWER PLAN

- In human resources planning appraisal manpower plan was important because it was
help to give outlining the appraisal process for incorporation into the policy and
procedure manual. Most planning begins with assessment of the workforce, using job

27
 descriptions for each position. For example, financial position (Ong Hui Sin) need to
know about cash flow in the company and also analyze the profit and loss of Smart
Printing.
- Job performance standards must be created to serve as a tool for measuring and
evaluating performance.
- Written policies and procedures ensure each employee and supervisor understands
performance expectations.

5.4 List of Office Equipment’s’ and Supplies

OFFICE EQUIPMENT SUPPLIES

- Paper shredders - Suppliers and consumables
- Paper drills and punches - Customer service support
- Paper trimmers - Service maintenance agreement
- Time recorders
- Document and check signer
- Electronic stapler
- Check writer
- Air purifier

5.5 Administrative Budget

CATEGORY BUDGET AMOUNT (RM)

Sales revenue 55000

Interest income 45000

Investment Income 30000

Other Income 24000

TOTAL INCOME 154000

EXPENSES

Accounting Services 3000

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 Advertising 4500

Bank Service Charges 3000

Credit Card Fees 2500

Delivery Charges 1200

Deposits for Utilities 4500

Health Insurance 3000

Hiring Costs 5000

Payroll 8000

Office Supplies 6500

Rent/Lease Payments 4000

Subscriptions and Dues 3000

Utilities and Telephone 3200

Vehicle Expenses 3400

Other 7800

TOTAL EXPENSES 62600

TOTAL INCOME MINUS TOTAL 91400

EXPENSES

6.0 MARKETING PLAN / ANALYSIS

6.1 Discript of Product or Services

The description of our product for the Smart Printing Studio service company. We are
focusing more to people who had run their business and need our services which is, our printing
services are available to any business operate. While services printing are quite small since we
are located at Kota Bharu, Kelantan. There are no such a big supplier or competitor yet.
Therefore, our service and product we have a poster, banner, business card, name tag,
brochure, menu, photo book, button badge printing, calendar, rubber stamp, event ticket,
lanyard, t-shirt printing and so on.

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Poster Printing Banner Printing

Name Tag Printing Brochure Printing

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Button Badge Printing Lanyard Printing

Menu Printing Photo Book Printing

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6.2 Target Market

The Smart Printing Studio Company we are focusing towards customer who had
business as our main focus or target market. Which mean the customer that will be repeat the
product and services with us is customer that have their own business that establish. The
objective here is for we are keep getting customer and get regular customer. Besides, we are
also focusing and give a service for a student while student might have their project, assignment
and many more that need a printing services. For instated, customer from student they might
always searching for brochure, poster, photo book or name tag. On the other hand, our often
target market is people who have a career such as teacher, lawyer, project manager, owner of
restaurant and so on. As you know being an entrepreneur we must compete with other
competitor that running the same business. As our company, we are also compete with another
competitor which is the Greater Printing Studio Company. The material of product and services
are almost the same with us. As an entrepreneur we are accepted that with positive minded and
environment to competitively healthy and successful together.

6.3 Market Size

The total size of market at the industry or product category level such as the printing
services to business customers. This typically serves as a reference for smaller firms and is
potentially relevant to the revenue share. As a smart printing studio the market size will be
observe through the demand of customer. Which mean the product that always they wanted to
use our services and it will make it go global with the product and service that we be given
towards customers. Our market size is big and also it will compete with another company or
competitor.

6.4 Competitor

In every business we must face the risk and competitor as our company which is smart
printing studio have our own competitor that always compete us with the sales, customers, skills
and services. As we are a new entrepreneur for sure we are still learning and in progress to
become a successful entrepreneur. Also, we wanted to bring up our company named and we
want to go global. It is because our business it get a product but it more to people who wanted

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our services which mean if the customer want to buy a t-shirt printing for example they need to
give us time to decorate or design the design that they want to.

As the competitor company, which is the Greater Printing Studio they are can reach up the big
sale and target more customer. It is because they has long been involved in this field since
2010. Otherwise, their operational are better than us because they have lot of experience and
skills adapting with how to run the business well.

When a company has been developed for a long time it must have its own shortcomings and
advantages. In other words our competitors from the company of the Greater Printing Studio
have various strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Therefore, a healthy
competitors are usually look at their SWOT of business so that we can also test a developed
and successful company even better that our own competitor. For example:

Regular Customer Less of skills and employee

Strong relationship with Lack of stock
supplier
High demand of services
Weaknes
Strenght
ses

Opportun
No others competitor before. ities Threaths
Many skilled workers are have skills for
making this printing service in this
century

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6.5 Market Share

Market share is the percent of total sales in an industry generated by a particular

company. Market share is calculated by taking the company’s sales over the period and dividing
it by the total sales of the industry over the same period. An entrepreneur need to be able to
translate and incorporate the sales targets into market share because it will demonstrate
whether forecasts are to be attained by growing with the market or by capturing share from
competitors. The calculation of market share between company Smart Printing and Greater
Printing of the year sales is

Product Printing Smart Printing Greater Printing Market share (%)

Poster RM 5 500 RM 6 700 82%

Brochure RM 7 650 RM 8 390 91%

Banner RM 3 800 RM 5 400 70%

Lanyard RM 2 690 RM 3 360 80%

Menu RM 4 780 RM 4 900 97%

Photo Book RM 9 320 RM 11 675 79%

Button badge RM 7 400 RM 8 900 83%

T-shirt RM 12 270 RM 15 430 79%

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6.6 Sales Forecast

MONTH SALES FORECAST

JANUARY RM 6 700

FEBRUARY RM 7 900

MARCH RM 9 400

APRIL RM 12 375

MAY RM 13 890

JUNE RM 15 420

JULY RM 11 650

AUGUST RM 14 965

SEPTEMBER RM 16 380

OCTOBER RM 14 790

NOVEMBER RM 17 990

DECEMBER RM 21 500

TOTAL SALES (YEAR 2020) RM 176, 335

6.7 Marketing Strategy

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 Every business they must invests many of ringgit (RM) each year for their marketing
business. As for Smart Printing Service we are also have advertise most persistently are very
likely to spend more on advertising in a year than they achieve in net income. The effectiveness
of marketing strategy in this century is we need to take any ambassador or influencer to ensure
our marketing strategy is successful and well known. Therefore an entrepreneurs need to invest
a sufficient and high budget to invest paying an ambassador duties to influence all people come
visit and use our products and services.

7.0 OPERATIONAL PLAN/ PRODUCTION STRATEGY

7.1 Operational/Innovation Process

A business or operational process is an organized set of activities or tasks that produces

a specific service or product.

The operational process that is applied in our company is:

First, the customer places the order. The employee taking the order should get as much
information from the customer as possible (filling out the job worksheet should be sufficient).
Also, at the time the employee receives the order a reasonable time should be determined for
completing the job. The customer should be notified of any changes occurring with the order.

Second, the job ticket with all the information should be completed and documented in
the job log book. The typesetter should be notified if typesetting is needing or the job should be
taken directly to layout if all of the information is camera-ready. If the job is a repeal order, it
should also be taken to layout.Third, the typesetter should typeset any required copy as
specified by the customer. Questions or problems should be directed to the person who took the
order. No work should leave the typesetter until it has been properly proofed by two or more
employees.

Fourth, every time typesetting is done for a customer, the customer must see a proof
before printing is done. Therefore, the client is to be called in for proofing and they should sign a
proof slip after reviewing the completed work. A customer who is proofing the typesetting that
we have done should be encouraged to check spelling, phone numbers, etc. for accuracy.It is a
good idea, and should be a regular practice, for an employee to go over the proofing process
with the customer and review the printing specifications as they are printed on the job ticket.

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 Fifth, after the proofing and correction stage, the job should go to layout, where logos
and art work are added, an original is made, and a plate is prepared for printing.Sixth, the plate
is taken to a pressman. The pressman's job is to pull the stock required for the job and then
print it to the specifications on the ticket. The pressman should not assume anything. If there is
any question or doubt as to the specifications of printing the job, the pressman should take the
questions to the shop foreman for clarification.

Seventh, the job is printed and then goes to the bindery for any bindery work needed
(i.e. collating, numbering, padding, cutting, gathering, packaging, etc.). When all bindery work is
done and the job is complete, it should either be delivered or taken to the front office for pick-up.

Eighth, the delivery person or the front office employee should get a signed delivery
receipt or a signed in voice when the job is picked-up. The delivery receipt should then be
placed in the job envelope and the envelope filed in the completed box. The invoice also has its
assigned place and should be filed there without fail.

Personnel in each department should be aware of the delivery dates requested by

customers. The work schedules should ensure that these dates are met. Should a job be held
up in a department that will affect the delivery dates, the customer should be notified to help
maintain proper public relations.

Also, it is the responsibility of the bookkeeper to make sure that all customers are
invoiced weekly and that statements are in the mail at the proper time. Any time an invoice can
be delivered with the job, it should be, as this will eliminate unnecessary postage and work load
in the front office.

7.2 Process Flow Chart

Flow process chart is a chart showing the sequence of the flow of a product by way of
recording all activities/events under review with appropriate symbols. This chart is similar to
operation process chart with the difference that it utilizes symbols of operation, transportation,
inspection, delay and permanent storage. The operation times and distances moved are also
recorded along the symbols side.

Our company process flow chart is shown as in the chart below:

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 Packing and
Customer inquiry Quality assurance
delivery/Shipment

Printing and
Quatation
production

Artwork and Sample for

design approval

Customer Inquiry

If the customer already have their design/artwork , they can just send the file directly to
us and advise the quantity their request. They can advise the label size, printing colors, quantity
and the using conditions for quote reference.

Quotation

According to customer demand, we will always consider the cost effective processing and timely
manner for them. Also we can suggest the material and surface finishing on customer labels to
fit their using conditions and expected effects.

Artwork and Design

Our professional graphic design team can provide services to help the customer with various
graphics including logo design and much more. Customer can preflight their files if there is any
adverse printing factors then provide processing recommendations.

Sample for approval

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Once order confirmed, we will provide off-tool samples or digital or inkjet proofs simulated the
production color for quality approval prior order production.

Printing and production

Production will be proceeding as per approved samples. With our color management system,
we are able to keep consistency in color across different substrates or different processing .
With diverse equipment set in house, Plate making , 5~9 color printing, rotary screen printing,
hot foil stamping and high-speed die cutting , we can provide timely and satisfactory service in
response to customer requirement.

Quality assurance

Applying X-rite spectrometer to measure color, control and manage the printing color
consistency in the same or different batch. With a dedicated camera lens that is able to
complete comparison of each label exactly like the proofs to ensure that the contents of the
printed labels without stains, damage and consistent with your artwork.

Packing and delivery/ shipment

After 100% inspection, the labels should be slitting and packaging. Depending on the
application method - by hand or by high speed applicator labelling machine, labels can be
supplied on rolls or on sheet format per request, then delivered to customer appointed address.

7.3 Production Schedule/Capacity Planning-Output In Units

Production scheduling is the process of syncing and planning the steps in the
manufacturing process to ensure that production runs smoothly and customers receive what
they ordered on schedule.

Production schedule for our company depends on demand and season. If the demand
for banners, posters or business cards is high, then the capacity that will be done or issued will
increase according to the number of units required. The season also affects the planning ouput
capacity. For example, if it is the school season or the end of the year, many supermarkets,
shopping complexes or companies will order banners for the purpose of promoting goods,
celebrating, and more.

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7.4 Production Employees

NO POSITION NO. OF SALARY/MONTH EPF SOSCO TOTAL

REQUIREMENTS (RM) 12% 2% (RM)
(RM) (RM)
1 Operation 1 2000 240 40 2280
manager
2 Operators 4 4800 576 96 5472

3 Driver 1 1200 144 24 1368

TOTAL 6 8000 960 160 9120

7.5 Material, Machine and Equipment Requirement

Computer and Software

A computer, scanner and graphic arts software is necessary in the modern print shop for
basic design and typesetting. Although graphic design in printing is highly specialized, you
should offer basic typesetting and design work in-house to save you and the customer time and
money. Complex work can be jobbed out to professional designers. Scanners are used to scan
customer artwork into the computer to make changes or output to a computer platemaker. The
industry standards for graphic design and typesetting software are Adobe Creative Suite and
Quark Express.

Offset Printing Press

The offset printing process is the standard for reliable, high-speed printing. The offset
press suitable for the smaller shop falls into the offset duplicator category and is a smaller
version of a true offset press with less features. Duplicators are relatively easy to operate and

40
offer quick set-up and economical operation expenses. Most general commercial work is
produced by one-color and two-color printing presses.

Plate Making

Offset duplicators require plates with which to print. Traditional combination

platemaker/cameras take a photo of the artwork and convert it into a printing plate. Newer
computer-to-plate (CTP) units convert computer file information directly onto plates, bypassing
the hard-copy photography process.

Color Copier

Full-color offset presses and accompanying equipment is prohibitively expensive for the
small start-up shop, and is best jobbed out to wholesale color printers. A color copier in the shop
will allow you to fulfill small volume needs and provide a selling opportunity for larger volume
work.

Standard Copier, Fax Machine, Laminator

While offset presses are always more economical for larger print runs of 500 or more, a black
and white copier will allow you to produce smaller runs, as well as copies of multiple page
collated documents, which are costly and time consuming on a printing press. A copier is also
used to get customers in the door with the chance to sell larger printing orders. Small self-
service copiers, fax machines and lamination services can also be income generators, but are
used primarily to increase foot traffic, and therefore are recommended.

Bindery Equipment

A print shop’s bindery contains finishing equipment required to prepare and finish printed
work to the customer’s specifications. Additional income generated from bindery operations can
be considerable.Customers often require folding services for printed brochures and letters.
Many types of tabletop and free-standing paper folders are available and are adjustable to make
different types of folds.

Paper is often cut before and after printing. Guillotine paper cutters are designed to
accurately cut large stacks of paper and are fully adjustable. Manual, semi-automatic, and fully
automatic cutters are available in all sizes.

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 Paper drills use hollow drill bits in varying diameters to drill holes in paper for insertion
into binders, in the manufacture of hang tags, business forms and many other products. Single
and three-hole drills are available, in table-top and free standing units and are fully adjustable.

A paper stitcher forms staples from a spool of wire and is used to stitch multiple sheet
documents, raffle tickets, and booklets. Spool wire is more economical than pre-formed staples
and allows the depth of the staple to be adjusted by the machine. Floor and table-top stitchers
with one or more stitching heads are available.

Book binding takes on many forms, but the most common for small print shops are
comb, wire and strip binding. Plastic comb and wire binding is most often used for document
binding and booklets, while strip binding is more permanent and is used primarily for legal
documents.

Transfer paper.

Quality transfer paper is needed for transferring the images from the printer to other
materials. This requires the use of a heat press.

Heat press.

A 16’x20″ heat press for transferring graphics over onto shirts.

Cutter.

A cutter and the program included in it is neede to create stencils for screen prints. The
cutters cuts out what has been design on the cutter program.

7.6 Operation Layout Plan

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 Layout refers to the arrangement used in the operation of the equipment, machine,
workers, and other facilities .Our business layout is design in such a way that the production of
goods and services can be done smoothly and efficiently. The design of this layout is made
according to the sequences of activities to produce the product.

7.7

Location of Operation

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7.8 Operational Overheads

NO ITEMS COST /MONTH (RM)

44
 1 Machine maintenance 1500

2 Telephone bill 200

3 Utility bill 600

TOTAL 2300

7.9 Operational Budget

Item Fixed asset Monthly expenses Other expenses

(RM) (RM) (RM)
Fixed asset:

Vehicle : Lorry 80,000

Machine Equipment 30,000

Monthly expenses

Salary 9120
Other expenses 3,000
TOTAL 120,000 9,120 3,000
TOTAL = RM 132,12

8.0 FINANCIAL PLAN

8.1 Pro forma cash flow statements

Pro Forms Cash Flow

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
2020 2021 2022
INFLOW

Revenues (Note 1) RM 176,335 RM 189,500 RM 199,665

Others - - -
RM 176,335 RM 189,500 RM 199,665

OUTFLOW

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Net Inflow（Outflow） RM 214,900 RM 214,900 RM 442,965
Balance B/F @ 1 January - RM 228,065 RM 238,230
Balance C/F @ 31 December RM 214,900 RM 442,965 RM 681,195

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8.2 Pro forma profits and loss accounts/ income statements

Pro Forma Profit and Loss Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

2020 2021 2022
SALES RM 176,335 RM 189,500 RM 199,665
COST OF SALES RM 23,410 RM 33,000 RM 35,000

GROSS PROFIT RM 152,925 RM 156,500 RM 164,665

EXPENSES
Legal fees, registration etc. RM 5,000
Building Renovation RM 9,800
Advertising and promotions RM 2,000
Contingency cost RM 10,000
Salary RM 109,440 RM 119,440 RM 119,440
Utility & telephone RM 9,600 RM10,000 RM11,000
Insurance RM 6,000 RM 6,000 RM 6,000
Rent RM12,000 RM12,000 RM12,000

TOTAL OPERATING COST RM163,840 RM147,440 RM148,440

NET PROFIT (RM10,915) RM 9060 RM 16,225

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8.3 Pro forma balance sheet

Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

2020 2021 2022
ASSETS

FIXED ASSETS
Furniture & Fittings RM 15,000 RM 20,000 RM 23,000
Machine Equipment RM 30,000
Vehicle: Lorry RM 80,000
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash In Hand RM 16,000 RM 20,000 RM 25,000
Account Receivable RM 4,000 RM 2,000 RM 2,000
Inventory RM 8,000 RM 9,000 RM 10,000
Deposits RM 5,000 RM 6,000 RM 7,000
Cash in Bank RM 20,000 RM 21,000 RM 22,000

Total Assets RM 178,000 RM 78,000 RM 89,000

LIBILITIES

Loan RM 30,000 RM 26,000 RM 24,000

Total Liabilities RM 30,000 RM 26,000 RM 24,000

Equity

Owner’s capital RM 42,000 RM 43,000 RM 50,000

Retained Earnings RM 7,000 RM 9,000 RM 15,000

Total Equity RM 49,000 RM 52,000 RM 65,000

Total Liabilities & Equity RM 79,000 RM 78,000 RM 89,000

Start-up Cost of SMART PRINTING

Smart Printing
Start-up Cost in January 2020
Start-up Expenses
Rent RM 1200
Legal fees, registration etc. RM 5,000
Payroll RM 9120
Insurance RM 6,000
Administrative Expenses RM 48,300
Operational overheads RM 2,300
Total start-up expenses RM 71,920

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Start-up Assets
Cash required RM 16,000
Start-up inventory RM 8,000
Other current assets RM 2,000
Vehicle: Lorry RM 80,000
Machine Equipment RM 30,000
Total start-up assets RM 136,000
Total Requirements RM 207,920

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Note 1: SALE IN YEAR 1 (2020)

MONTH SALES

JANUARY RM 6 700

FEBRUARY RM 7 900

MARCH RM 9 400

APRIL RM 12 375

MAY RM 13 890

JUNE RM 15 420

JULY RM 11 650

AUGUST RM 14 965

SEPTEMBER RM 16 380

OCTOBER RM 14 790

NOVEMBER RM 17 990

DECEMBER RM 21 500

TOTAL SALES (YEAR 2020) RM 176, 335

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9.0 CONCLUSION

Upon completion of work assignments given in group form. We have understood the
subjects studied in more depth and detail about franchising and licensing. Therefore, what we
can conclude is that this subject is very important for students majoring in business and
entrepreneurship. After the completion of our group discussion, a printing company called Smart
Printing is located in Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan. Based on the background of the company
where Smart Printing is established in a strategic and stable area. In addition, the franchisor of
this printing company is formed by the idea of a very meticulous and talented owner in the
business world. So we agreed to further expand the business wing by opening a franchise in the
name of Smart Printing. So the oulet that is opened must follow the rules of the franchisor who
has met all the conditions and laws set by the government in setting up the franchise and
licensing. Furthermore, it is also further strengthened with organizational planning that will make
it easier for the company's superiors to operate this Smart Printing. Not to be outdone is also to
enhance the global marketing plan so that more people can open their eyes to the business we
have run. Organizational plans are also enhanced to achieve the goals of leaders. Therefore,
this printing company has taken into account all the needs and interests that need to be
provided to open a giant company such as Smart Printing. Lastly, financial planning is very
important for managing a company. With all the things that have been taken into account then
with the process is able to make Smart Printing a successful franchisor in the future.

10.0 REFERENCE

Norfazlirda Hairani (2019), module of FRANCHISING & LICENSING text book.

myPlan.com, career guide to industries, 2014-2004 edition, Nature of the Industry,

https://www.myplan.com/careers/industries/printing/industry-outlook-nature-of-the-industry-
08.15.html

Vault printing, (2020), Book Publishing Industry Trends & Overview

https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/industries/printing

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