MANUEL S. ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION, INC.

COLLEGE OF LAW
A.Y. 2020-2021
ATTY. GIL MATTHEW B. CABANTING

SYLLABUS IN PROPERTY

“There is nothing which so generally strikes the imagination, and engages

the affections of mankind, as the right of property; or that sole and despotic
dominion which one man claims and exercises over the external things of the
world, in total exclusion of the right of any other individual in the universe. And
yet there are very few, that will give themselves the trouble to consider the original
and foundation of this right. Pleased as we are with the possession, we seem afraid
to look back to the means by which it was acquired, as if fearful of some defect in
our title; or at best we rest satisfied with the decision of the laws in our favor,
without examining the reason or authority upon which those laws have been built.
We think it enough that our title is derived by the grant of the former
proprietor, by descent from our ancestors, or by the last will and testament of the
dying owner; not caring to reflect that (accurately and strictly speaking) there is
no foundation in nature or in natural law, why a set of words upon parchment
should convey the dominion of land; why the son should have a right to exclude his
fellow creatures from a determinate spot of ground, because his father had done so
before him; or why the occupier of a particular field or of a jewel, when lying on
his death-bed and no longer able to maintain possession, should be entitled to tell
the rest of the world which of them should enjoy it after him.
These enquiries, it must be owned, would be useless and even troublesome
in common life. It is well if the mass of mankind will obey the laws when made,
without scrutinizing too nicely into the reasons of making them. But, when law is
to be considered not only as matter of practice, but also as a rational science, it
cannot be improper or useless to examine more deeply the rudiments and grounds
of these positive constitutions of society.”

-William Blackstone,
Commentaries on the Laws of England. Volume
II

It is a rule pervading every well-regulated system of jurisprudence, and is put

upon two grounds embodied in various maxims of the common law; the one,
public policy and necessity, which makes it to the interest of the state that
there should be an end to litigation — republicae ut sit finis litium; the other,
the hardship on the individual that he should be vexed twice for the same
cause — nemo debet bis vexari et eadem causa. A contrary doctrine would
subject the public peace and quiet to the will and neglect of individuals and
prefer the gratitude identification of a litigious disposition on the part of
suitors to the preservation of the public tranquility and happiness.
Quintos vs. Nicolas, G.R. No. 210252, June 16,
2014
TITLE I- CLASSIFICATION OF PROPERTY (ARTS. 414-426)
 Article 414
-General Considerations
-Definition of Property
-Classes of property
 ARTICLES 415
 Article 415 (1) Lands, Buildings, roads and constructions of all kinds
adhered to the soil-
1. Prdudential Bank vs. Hon. Panis G.R. No. L-50008 A
2. Enrique Lopez vs. Vicente Orosa, Jr G.R. No. L-10817-18 February
28, 1958 (The mention of the word “building”, separate and distinct
from land in Article 415 (1) can only mean that the building is itself
another immovable property.
3. Conrado P. Navarro vs. Rufino Pineda, Ramona Reyes G.R. No. L-
18456 11/30/1963
4. Gavino Tumalad vs. Alberta Vicencio G.R. no. L-30173 Sept. 30,
1971
5. Makati Leasing and Finance Corporation vs. Wearever Textile Mills
Inc G.R. No. L-58469 May 16, 1983
6. Ruby Tsai vs. Court of Appeals G.R. No. 120098 10/2/2001
 Article 415(2) Trees, plants, and growing fruits, while they are attached
to the land or form an integral part of an immovable.

7. Leon Sibal vs. Emiliano Valdez et. Al. G.R. No. L-26278 8/4/1927

 Article 415 (3)

 Article 415(4)

 Article 415(5)
8. Davao Saw Mill Co Inc., vs. Aproniano Castillo and Davao Light and
Power Co, Inc
9. Mindanao Bus Company vs. City Assessor of Cagayan De Oro G.R.
No. L-17870 9/29/1962.
10.Meralco vs. City Assessor of Lucena City G.R. No. 166102

 Article 415 (6) Animal Houses, pigeon-houses, beehives, etc.

 Article 415(7) Fertilizer actually used on a piece of land.
 Article 415 (8) Mines, quarries, and slag dumps
 Article 415 (9) Docks and structures which, though floating, are
intended by their nature and object to remain at a fixed place on a
river, or coast
 Article 415 (10) Contracts for public works, and servitudes and other
real rights over immovable property
11. RICARDO PRESBITERO, in his capacity as Executor of the Testate
Estate of EPERIDION PRESBITERO, vs.THE HON. JOSE F.
FERNANDEZ, HELEN CARAM NAVA, and the PROVINCIAL SHERIFF
OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL, .
 1. G.R. No. L-19527 March 30, 1963

 Article 416-418 Movable Property

12.Philippine Refining Co vs. Francisco Jarque G.R. No. L-41506 March

25, 1935
13. Ricardo Presbitero vs. Jose Fernandez G.R. No. L-19527 Luis
Marcos Laurel vs. Zeus Abrogar G.R. No. 155076 1/13/2009

PROPERTY IN RELATION TO THE PERSON TO WHOM IT BELONGS

 Article 419-426

14. Salvador Laurel vs. Ramon Garcia G.R. No. 92013 7/25/1990 (also
read dissenting of J. Feliciano)
15. Cebu Oxygen vs. Pascua G.R. No. L-40474 8/29/75
16. Ignacio vs. Director of Lands G.R. No L-12958 5/30/1960
17.G.R. No. 103882 November 25, 1998
18. G.R. No. 103882 November 25, 1998 REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES,
petitioner, vs.THE HONORABLE COURT OF APPEALS AND REPUBLIC
REAL ESTATE CORPORATION, respondents, CULTURAL CENTER OF
THE PHILIPPINES, intervenor.
19. G.R. No. 133250 July 9, 2002, FRANCISCO I. CHAVEZ, petitioner,
vs. PUBLIC ESTATES AUTHORITY and AMARI COASTAL BAY
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
20.HEIRS OF MARIO MALABANAN, Petitioner, vs. REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES, Respondent. G.R. No. 179987 April 29, 2009
21.Heirs of Malabanan G.R. No. 179987 9/3/2013
 Local Government

22. Sangguniang Panlalawigan ng Bataan vs. Congressman Enrique

Garcia G.R. No. 174964 12/07/2016

23. Roman Catholic Bishop of Kalibo, Aklan vs. Municipality of

Buruanga, Aklan G.R. No. 149145 3/31/2006

24.City of Manila vs. IAC, Irene Sto. Domingo et.al G.R. No. 71159
November 15, 1989

TITLE II: OWNERSHIP IN GENERAL (ARTS. 427-439)

 Article 427/428
25. Sps George A. Gallent vs. Juan Velasquez G.R. No. 203949, April 6,
2016.
26.PNB vs. Jose Garcia et.al G.R. No. 182839 June 2, 2014.

 Article 429 Doctrine of Self-Help

27.24. Grand Union Supermarket Inc vs. Jose Espino Jr G.R. No. L-
48250 December 28, 1979
28.PNB vs. Elenita Trazo G.R. No. 165500 August 30, 2006
 29.German Management Services vs. CA G.R. No. 76217 September
14, 1989

 Article 430 Right to Fence

30.Spouses Cristino and Brigida Custodio vs. CA G.R. No. 116100

February 9, 1996
31. . Aneco Realty and Development Copr vs. Landex Development
Corp G.R. No. 165952 July 28, 2008
32.G.R. No. 184478 March 21, 2012 JAIME S. PEREZ, both in his
personal and official capacity as Chief, Marikina Demolition Office,
Petitioner, vs. SPOUSES FORTUNITO L. MADRONA and YOLANDA B.
PANTE, Respondents.
Article 431
 Articles 431 to 436 Limitation on Ownership

33. G.R. No. 74761 November 6, 1990 NATIVIDAD V. ANDAMO and

EMMANUEL R. ANDAMO, petitioners, vs. INTERMEDIATE
APPELLATE COURT (First Civil Cases Division) and MISSIONARIES
OF OUR LADY OF LA SALETTE, INC., respondents.

 Article 433-434 (Right to recover property)

34.Heirs of Alfonso Yusingco vs. Amelita Busilak, et.al G.R. No. 210504
1/24/2018
35.Narciso Amoroso vs. Juan Alegre G.R. No. 142766 6/15/2007

 General Limitations pursuant to the Exercise of the Inherent Power

of the State

36.Ermita-Malate Hotel Operators v. City Mayor of Manila G.R. No. L-
24693 7/31/1967
i. (Police Power)
37.JBL Reyes vs. Pedro Almanzo G.R. Nos. L-49839-46 April 26, 1991
(Power to Tax)
38. Association of Small Landowners vs. Hon. Secretary of Agriculture
G.R. No. 78742 7/14/1989
39.Evergreen Manufacturing Corporation vs. Republic of the
Philippines G.R. No. 218628 9/6/2017

 Article 437-439 Ad Coelum Rule

40.Margarita F. Castro vs. Napoleon Monsod G.R. No. 183719
2/2/2011
41.NPC vs. Lucman Imbrahim et.al G.R. No. 168732 6/29/2007

RIGHT OF ACCESSION
 Articles 440 to 444

a. what is accession?
b. What are the kinds of accession?
 RIGHT OF ACCESSION WITH RESPECT TO IMMOVABLE PROPERTY
(Articles 445-457)

42. Jesus Gaboya vs. Antonio Ma. Cui et.al G.R. No. L-19614 3/37/1971
(Article 447)
43. Rex Daclison vs. Eduardo Baytion G.R. No. 219811 4/6/2016

Article 448

44. Francisco Depra vs. Agustin Dumlao. G.R. No. 125683 3/2/99
(History/Rationale of Article 448)
45. Elvira Angangote vs. Sps. Maglunob G.R. NO. 178926 2/18/09 (Article
448 applies to builders in good faith, not possessors in good faith);
46. Technogas Phils Manufacturing vs. CA G.R. No. 108894 2/10/97
(Application of Article 448)
47. Vicente Santos vs. IAC and Maria Reyes G.R. No. 75384 6/21/1990
(Right of Pre-emption);
48. Leonila Sarmiento vs. Hon. Enrique Agana G.R. No. L-57288 4/30/84
(Right of remotion)
49. Filipinas College vs. Maria Garcia Timbag G.R. No. L-12812 9/29/1959
(What is the recourse/remedy left to the parties in such eventuality
where the builder fails to pay the value of the land)
50. Spouses Concepcion Fernandez Del Ocampo vs. Bernarda Abesia G.R.
No. L-49219 4/15/1988
51.Macasaet vs. Macasaet G.R. No. 154391 9/30/2004
52. Pedro Pecson vs. Court of Appeals G.R. No. 115814 5/26/1995
53. Spouses Nuguid vs. CA and Pedro Pecson G.R. No. 151815 2/23/2005
54. G.R. No. 170677 October 24, 2012VSD REALTY & DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION, Petitioner, vs. UNIWIDE SALES, INC. and DOLORES
BAELLO TEJADA, Respondents.

449

55. G.R. No. 170189 September 1, 2010 SPOUSES ELEGIO* CAÑEZO and
DOLIA CAÑEZO, Petitioners, vs.SPOUSES APOLINARIO and CONSORCIA L.
BAUTISTA, Respondents.
56. August 9, 2017 G.R. No. 211845 PEN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
and LAS BRISAS RESORT CORPORATION, Petitioners, vs. MARTINEZ
LEYBA, INC.,, Respondent (Read also Concurring and Dissenting of Justice
Caguioa)

NATURAL ACCESSION
(Articles 457-465)
 Alluvion
 Avulsion
 Natural Change of River
 Formation of Island
57. Republic vs. CA Benjamin Tancinco G.R. No. L-61647 10/12/1984;
(Reason for 457)
58. Heirs of Emiliano Navarro vs. IAC G.R. No. 68166 2/12/1997 (Article
457)
59. Republic vs. Arcadio Ivan A. Santos III G.R. No. 160453 11/12/2012
(Article 457)
60. Maximo Jagualing vs. CA G.R. No. 94283 3/4/1981 (Article 465 –
formation of island)
61. Ignacio Grande vs. CA, Domingo Calalung G.R. No. L-17652 6/30/1962
62. Eulogio Agustin vs. IAC, Maria Melad G.R. No. L-66075-76 7/5/1990
63. Mario Ronquillo vs. CA G.R. No. L-43346 3/20/1991
64. Jose Hilario, jr vs. City of Manila G.R. No. L-19570 4/27/1967
65. Insular Government vs. Aldeco and Co G.R. No. L-6098 8/12/1911
66. Angelica Viajar vs. Hon. Estenzo, Ricardo Ladrido G.R. No. 43882
4/30/1979
67. Marcelino Agne vs. Director of Land G.R. No. L-40399 2/6/1990
68. Julian Zapata vs. Director of Lands G.R. No. L-17645 10/30/1962

 RIGHT OF ACCESSION WITH RESPECT TO MOVABLE PROPERTY

(Articles 466-475)
 Adjunction
 Commixtion or confusion;
 specification

69. G.R. No. L-20851 September 3, 1966 JESUS AGUIRRE, petitioner, vs.
VICTOR S. PHENG, in his capacity as General Manager of the LEONORA &
COMPANY, and NATIONAL SHIPYARDS AND STEEL CORPORATION,
respondents.

QUIETING OF TITLE
(Articles 476-481

70. EFREN TANDOG VS. RENATO MACAPAGAL G.R. No. 144208

9/11/2007;
71. Gaspar Calacada vs Republic G.R. No. 154415 7/28/2005

RUINOUS BUILDINGS AND TREES IN DANGER OF FALLING

72. JOAQUINITA CAPILI vs. SPS. CARDANA G.R. No. 157906 11/2/2006

CO-OWNERSHIP

73.Virgilio Aguilar vs. CA G.R. No. 76351 10/29/1993 (Right to use)

74. Manuel De Guia vs. CA and Jose Abejo G.R. No. 120864 10/8/203
(Article 487-ejectment cases)
75. Arnelito Adlawan vs. Emeterio Adlawan G.R. No. 161916
1/20/2006 (487)
76. Jacinto Saguid vs. CA G.R. No. 150611 6/10/2003 (parties to
adulterous relationship)
77.Spous Manuel vs. CA G.R. No. 108228 2/1/2001(493)
78. Vicente Torres Jr vs. Lorenzo Lapinid G.R. No. 187987 11/26/2014
(493)
79.Spouses Alexander Cruz vs. Eleuterio Leis G.R. No. 125233 3/9/200
(493)
80. Heirs of Rosendo Lasam vs. Vicenta Umengan G.R. No. 168165
12/6/06 (partition)
81. Heirs of Ernesto Morales vs. Astrid Morales G.R. No. 224849 6/6/18
82.LEONORA ESTOQUE VS. ELENA PAJIMULA G.R. NO. l-24419
7/15/1968
83.Atty. Leonard Bulatao vs. Zenaida Estonactoc G.R. No. 235020
12/10/2019
84.Norma Magsano vs. Pangasinan Saving and Loan Bank G.R. No.
215038 (see concurring of J. Caguioa)

Partition
85.Vilma Quintos vs. Pelagia Nicolas G.R. No. 210252 6/16/2014
86.G.R. No. 166521 August 31, 2006 PEDRO GENEROSA, DECEASED,
NOW SUBSTITUTED BY HIS HEIRS, VIDA R. GENEROSA, ROBERT R.
GENEROSA, EDMUNDO R. GENEROSA, PEDRO R. GENEROSA, JR.,
AMALIA R. GENEROSA, LIZA R. GENEROSA, MELODY R. GENEROSA
and FIDEL R. GENEROSA, Petitioners, vs. PACITA PRANGAN-VALERA,
Respondent.
87.G.R. No. 176858 September 15, 2010 HEIRS OF JUANITA PADILLA,
represented by CLAUDIO PADILLA, Petitioners, vs. DOMINADOR
MAGDUA, Respondent. (PRESCRIPTION AGAINST OTHER CO-
OWNERS

REPUBLIC ACT No. 4726 June 18, 1966

AN ACT TO DEFINE CONDOMINIUM, ESTABLISH REQUIREMENTS

FOR ITS CREATION, AND GOVERN ITS INCIDENTS.
Section 1. The short title of this Act shall be "The Condominium Act".

88.Jose Harry Walter Poole-Blunden vs. Union Bank of the Philippines

G.R. No. 205838
89.Sunset View Condominium Corp vs. Hon. Jose Campos Jr G.R. No. L-
52361 4/27/1981
90.Revelina Limson vs. Wack Wack Condominium Corp G.R. No.
188802 2/14/2011 (SECTION 6)
91.BNL MANAGEMENT CORP AND ROMEO DAVID vs. REYNALDO UY
G.R. NO. 210297 4/3/2019 (SEC 9)
 92.FJT MARBELLA CONDOMINIUM ASSOC INC. VS. AUGUSTO
GATMAYTAN G.R. NO. 163196 7/4/2008 (SEC. 20)

Title V. - POSSESSION

CHAPTER 1

POSSESSION AND THE KINDS THEREOF

(Articles 523 to 530)

(cases mentioned in the book of Atty. Rabuya maybe discussed)

A. Definition
B. Elements
o See Occupation as a mode of acquiring ownership
C. What are the degrees of possession?
D. Jus possessionis vs. jus possidendi.
o illustration
E. Classification of possession under the Civil Code (Articles 524 to 526)
o Possession in the concept of an owner- see articles 433, 540, 541 and
542.
o What are the rules governing possessor in good faith and possessor in
bad faith
F. Differentiate Juridical Title from Just Title
o See Article 712

CHAPTER 2

ACQUISITION OF POSSESSION

(articles 531 to 538)

G. Ways of acquiring ownership: (Article 531) (See Articles 1497-1499)

o Material Occupation-constructive delivery
 Tradicion Brevi Manu
 Trandicion Constitutum Possessorium
o By the subjection of our will according to law even without physical
seizure
 Tradicion symbolica
 Tradicion longa manu
o By proper acts and legal formalities
H. Transfer of possession through succession
I. Capacity to acquire possession
J. Acts merely tolerated
o effects
K. Rules of preference when there are two persons claiming possession (Article
538)

CHAPTER 3

EFFECTS OF POSSESSION

L. Right to Protection of Possessors:

M. Different kinds of action to recover possession of real property
N. Possession in the concept of an owner-
o Rights
 O. Rights of Possessor in good faith or possessor in bad faith with respect to
(Articles 544 to 545):
o Fruits
 Fruits already received
 Pending fruits
 Rule with respect to trees
o Right of retention
o Improvement caused by nature
o Liability for loss or deterioration
o Expenses:
 Necessary
 Useful
 Expenses for pure luxury
P. Modes of losing possession:
o Abandonment
o Assignment
o Destruction or loss of the thing
Q. Rule with respect to misplaced movables;
R. Doctrine of irrevindicability (article 559)
S. Possession of wild animals (article 560 in relation to 716)

Title VI. - USUFRUCT

CHAPTER 1
USUFRUCT IN GENERAL
(Articles 562-565)

1.Article 561 G.R. No. 152809 August 3, 2006 MERCEDES MORALIDAD, Petitioner, vs. SPS.
DIOSDADO PERNES and ARLENE PERNES, Respondents.

CHAPTER 2
RIGHTS OF THE USUFRUCTUARY
(Articles 566-582)

2.Article 566 G.R. No. L-123 December 12, 1945 JOSEFA FABIE, petitioner, vs. JOSE
GUTIERREZ DAVID, Judge of First Instance of Manila, NGO BOO SOO and JUAN
GREY, respondents.

3. Article 571 G.R. No. L-19614 March 27, 1971 JESUS M. GABOYA, as Administrator of
the Estate of DON MARIANO CUI vs. ANTONIO MA. CUI, 

4. Article 579 to 580 Article 561 G.R. No. 152809 August 3, 2006 MERCEDES
MORALIDAD, Petitioner, vs. SPS. DIOSDADO PERNES and ARLENE PERNES, Respondents.
(discussed earlier)

CHAPTER 3
OBLIGATIONS OF THE USUFRUCTUARY
(Articels 583-602)
 CHAPTER 4
EXTINGUISHMENT OF USUFRUCT
(Articles 603-612)

5. 605 G.R. No. L-24302 August 18, 1972 MIGUEL PALAD, ET AL., plaintiffs-appellants,
VICTORIA QUEANO, ET AL., intervenors-appellees, vs. THE GOVERNOR OF QUEZON
PROVINCE and THE MUNICIPALITY OF TAYABAS, QUEZON, defendants-appellees.

6. Article 607 G.R. No. L-13361 December 29, 1959 ROSARIO GREY VDA. DE ALBAR and
JOSE M. GREY, petitioner, vs. JOSEFA FABIE DE CARANGDANG, respondent.

Title VII. - EASEMENTS OF SERVITUDES

CHAPTER 1
EASEMENTS IN GENERAL
SECTION 1. - Different Kinds of Easements

(Articles 613-619)

SECTION 2. - Modes of Acquiring Easements

(Article 620-626)

SECTION 3. - Rights and Obligations

of the Owners of the Dominant and Servient Estates
(Articles 626-630)

SECTION 4. - Modes of Extinguishment of Easements

(Articles 631-633)
CHAPTER 2
LEGAL EASEMENTS
SECTION 1. - General Provisions
(Articles 634-636)

Types of Easement:

a. SECTION 2. - Easements Relating to Waters (Articles 637-648)

93.Cipriano Gonzales vs. Purification De Dios G.R. No. L-3099

5/21/1951)
94.Crispino Salazar vs. Guillermo Gutierrez G.R. No. L-21727 5/29/70
95. Sps Vergara vs. Erlinda Sankin G.R. No. 193659 6/15/15)
96.Remnan Enterprises Inc vs. Court of Appeals and Crispin E. Lat
97. Emeteria Liwag vs. Happy Glen Loop G.R. No. 189755 7/4/2012
98. Nicolas Valisno vs. Felipe Adriano G.R. No. L-37409 5/23/88
 SECTION 3. - Easement of Right of Way (Articles 649-657

99. North Negros Sugar co vs. Serafin Hidalgo G.R. No. L-42334
10/31/1936 (see concurring and dissenting of Justice Laurel
100. Leogario Ronquillo vs. Jose Roco G.R.No. L-10619 2/28/58
101. Bacolod-Murcia Milling vs. Capital Homes G.R. no. L-25887
7/26/66
102. Talisay-Silay Milling vs. CFI of Negros G.R. No. L-33423
12/22/1971
103. Costabella Corp vs. CA G.R. No. 80511 1/25/1991
104. Concordia Abellana vs. CA G.R. No. 97039 4/24/1992
105. Simeon Floro vs. Orlando Llenado G.R. No. 75723 6/2/1995
106. Anastacia Quimen vs. CA G.R. No. 112331 5/29/96
107. NPC vs. SPS Campos G.R. No. 143643 6/27/2003
108. Bogo-Medllin Milling Co vs. CA G.R. No. 124699 7/31/2003)
109. G.R. No. 157285 2/16/2007 Woodridge School Inc vs. ARB
110. Jose Ma. T. Garcia vs. CA G.R. No. 133140 8/10/1999)
111. Alicia Reyes vs. Sps. Valentin G.R. No. 194488 2/11/2015
112. Hermano Oil Manufacturing and Sugar Corp vs. Toll Regulatory
Board G.R. No. 167290 11/8/14)
113. Sps Mercader vs. Sps. Bardilas G.R. No. 163157 6/27/2016
114. Sps. Larry William vs. Rainero Zerda G.R. No. 207146
3/15/2017

b. SECTION 4. - Easement of Party Wall (Articles 658-666)

c. SECTION 5. - Easement of Light and View (Articles 667-673)

115. Fabie vs. Lichauco G.R. No. L-3598 7/24/190

116. Maximo Cortes vs. Jose Palanca Yu-Tibo G.R. No. 911
3/12/1903
117. Severo Amor vs. Gabriel Florentino G.R. No. L-48384
10/11/1943 (see dissenting Ozaeta)
118. Spouses Teddy and Pilar Garcia vs. Loreta Santos G.R. No.
228334 6/17/2019

a. SECTION 6. - Drainage of Buildings (Articles 674-676)

b. SECTION 7. - Intermediate Distances
c. and Works for Certain Constructions and Plantings (Article 677-681)
d. SECTION 8. - Easement Against Nuisance (n) Article 682-683
e. SECTION 9. - Lateral and Subjacent Support (n) (Articles 684-687)

119. Margarita Castro vs. Napoleon Monsod G.R. No. 2.2.11

f. CHAPTER 3
g. VOLUNTARY EASEMENTS (Articles 688-693)
 Title VIII. - NUISANCE (n)

(Articles 694-707)

120. Natividad Cruz vs. Pandacan Hiker’s Club G.R. No. 188213
1/11/2016)
121. Pedro Velasco vs. Meralco G.R. No. 8/6/1971
122. Lucena Grand Central Terminal Inc vs. Jac Liner Inc G.R. No.
148339 2/23/2005)
123. G.R. No. 206423 July 1, 2015 LEONCIO ALANGDEO, ARTHUR
VERCELES, and DANNY VERGARA, Petitioners, vs. The City Mayor of Baguio,
HON. BRAULIO D. YARANON (to be substituted by incumbent City Mayor,
HON. MAURICIO DO MOGAN), JEOFREY MORTELA, Head Demolition Team,
CITY ENGINEER'S OFFICE, and ERNESTO LARDIZABAL, Respondents.

Title IV. - SOME SPECIAL PROPERTIES

CHAPTER I
WATERS
SECTION 1. - Ownership of Waters
(PD 1067)

CHAPTER 2
MINERALS

CHAPTER 3
TRADE-MARKS AND TRADE-NAMES
R.A. 8293 (Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines)