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How To Construct A Sentence

The document discusses the parts of a sentence including the subject, verb, and object. It explains the typical word order of English sentences as subject-verb-object. Five basic sentence patterns are described: subject-verb, subject-verb-object, subject-verb-adjective, subject-verb-adverb, and subject-verb-noun. Direct and indirect objects are also defined.

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K R Raguram
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26 views3 pages

How To Construct A Sentence

The document discusses the parts of a sentence including the subject, verb, and object. It explains the typical word order of English sentences as subject-verb-object. Five basic sentence patterns are described: subject-verb, subject-verb-object, subject-verb-adjective, subject-verb-adverb, and subject-verb-noun. Direct and indirect objects are also defined.

Uploaded by

K R Raguram
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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How to construct a sentence: Lesson No.

72 Part 1

Today I have a very basic and fundamental lesson not merely for beginners but I think, for all
of you. This will help you to understand the basic structure of a sentence clearly and
therefore will help you in your reading and writing skills.

A sentence has certain essential components; just like a building which has many
components that are required at the construction stage.
-----------------------------------
This is an important lesson. Therefore, I would like to segregate this lesson into parts.

In this 1st part (Lesson No. 72) we will deal with


1. Parts of the sentence.
2. Word order.
3. Sentence pattern.
4. Object explained in some detail.

Today:
Let’s begin by going to the basic parts of the sentence.
Parts of the sentence.
 Subject: A person or a thing that does something.
It is near the beginning of the sentence.
It is a noun. (or a noun phrase)
Example: He hit the ball. “He” is the subject.
 Verb. A word that expresses an action, occurrence or state of being in a sentence.
Example: He hit the ball. “hit” is the verb.
 Object: A person or a thing that receives the action of the verb.
Example: He hit the ball. “ball” is the object.

These (that is, subject, verb and object) are the major parts of the sentence.
This is also the word order. The order is
1. Subject.
2. Verb.
3. Object.
In English word order is very important.
Example sentence:

He hit the ball. 


1. He (Subject) + (2) hit (Verb) + (3) the ball (object).
In Tamil this is not the word order. (In Tamil it is: Subject + Object + Verb)
அவன் பந்தை அடித்தான். 
அவன் = Subject
பந்தை = object.
அடித்தான் = Verb.
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Now let us look at English sentence patterns.


There are 5 basic patterns.
1. The first pattern is: Subject + Verb
Example:
 Praveen plays.
 Mohamed is reading.
 David will drive.
These are very basic and do not have an object.
2. The second pattern is: Subject + Verb + Object. 
Example:
 Praveen plays tennis.
 Mohamed is reading a fiction.
 David will drive the car.

3. The third pattern is: Subject + Verb + Adjective. (Adjective describes a noun or
pronoun)
Example:
 Praveen is smart.
 Mohamed is busy.
 David’s car is new.

4. The fourth pattern is: Subject + Verb + Adverb (Adverb describes a verb)
Example:
 Praveen plays well.
 Mohamed is reading fast.
 David will drive slowly.

5. The fifth and last pattern is: Subject + Verb + noun.


This pattern describes people and things.
Example:
 Praveen is an Engineer.
 Mohamed is an Accountant.
 David is a doctor.
Review:
a. Word Order: Subject + Verb + Object
b. Sentence patterns:
1. Subject + Verb
2. Subject + Verb + Object
3. Subject + Verb + Adjective
4. Subject + Verb + Adverb
5. Subject + Verb + noun.

---------------------------------
Subject, Verb
Lesson No. 32.  https://youtu.be/jawLNPe-ebw Subject and matching verb.
Lesson No. 31.  https://youtu.be/t8gi5mPmQpA noun, verb, pronoun, adjective, adverb.

Now about Object:


1. SVO
We have two types of objects
1. Direct object
2. Indirect object

Object always answers the question about the verb.


It completes the meaning of the verb by asking the questions “What” and “whom” 
Indirect object answers the question “to/ for what or whom?” You won’t see an indirect object
without a direct object as well.
A transitive verb must take an object.
Look at the following:

I want.
She likes
I met
Is it a complete sentence, though it has a subject and a verb?
I want. …….What?
She likes……What?
I met……….Whom?
(In the video the third example given is We go …… We go to the playground.
It answers the question where?
Actually, to get an object only 2 questions can be asked – what and whom.
So, in this example, we can not say that the playground is an object).

Want, like, met are a transitive verb.


This clause must take an object.
I want ice cream
She likes fruits.
I met Praveen.
(In the sentence “We go to the playground” shown in the video, play ground is not an object).

(Intransitive verbs don’t take an object. Examples of intransitive Verbs: die, laugh, cry, run,
sleep, sit, stand Intransitive verb is altogether a different topic. We are not doing it now).

Direct and indirect objects:


Example:
I gave Ram a pen 
Pen is direct object and Ram is indirect object.
So this clause is a complete idea.

What you put before and what you put after are “complements”.
We shall deal with complement and others in our next part.

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