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Introduction to
Ja v a S c r i p t
Conditionals
Print cheatsheet

JavaScript Control Flow

Control flow is the order in which statements are executed in a program.
Control structures such as conditionals allow for control flow to be
altered during the execution of a program. In JavaScript, the default
control flow is for statements to be read and executed in order from left-
to-right, top-to-bottom in a program file. Control structures such as
conditionals ( if statements and the like) alter control flow by only
executing blocks of code if certain condition(s) are met. These structures
essentially allow a program to make decisions about which code is
executed as the program runs.

OR || Operator

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The logical OR operator || checks two values and returns a boolean. If

one or both values are truthy, it returns true . If both values are falsy, it
returns false .

true || false; // true

10 > 5 || 10 > 20; // true
false || false; // false
10 > 100 || 10 > 20; // false

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JavaScript Ternary Operator

The ternary operator allows for a compact syntax in the case of binary
(choosing between two choices) decisions. It accepts a condition
followed by a ? operator, and then two expressions separated by a : . If
the condition evaluates to truthy, the first expression is executed,
otherwise, the second expression is executed. It can be read as “IF
condition THEN expression1 ELSE expression2”.

let price = 10.5;

let day = "Monday";

// The following examples produce the same result:

// A: if/else
if (day === "Monday") {
price -= 1.5;
} else {
price += 1.5;
}

// B: ternary operator
day === "Monday" ? price -= 1.5 : price += 1.5;

else Statement

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An else block is added to an if block or series of if - else if blocks.

The else block will be executed only if the if condition fails.

const isTaskCompleted = false;

if (isTaskCompleted) {
console.log('Task completed');
} else {
console.log('Task incomplete');
}

AND && Operator

The logical AND operator && checks two values and returns a boolean. If
both values are truthy, then it returns true . If one, or both, of the values
is falsy, then it returns false .

true && true; // true

1 > 2 && 2 > 1; // false
true && false; // false
4 === 4 && 3 > 1; // true

switch Statement

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JavaScript’s switch statements provide a means of checking an

expression against multiple values. It first evaluates an expression. The
result of the expression is matched against values in one or more case
clauses. If a case matches, the code inside that clause is executed.

The case clause should finish with a break keyword. If no case matches
but a default clause is included, the code inside default will be
executed. If break is omitted from the block of a case (or the execution
is not broken otherwise, such as returning from a function with a switch),
the switch statement will continue to check against case values until a
break is encountered or the flow is broken.

const food = 'pizza';

switch (food) {
case 'oyster':
console.log('Enjoy the taste of the sea');
break;
case 'pizza':
console.log('Enjoy a delicious pie');
break;
default:
console.log('Enjoy your meal');
}

// Output: 'Enjoy a delicious pie'

// If food = 'Cheese', Output: 'Enjoy your meal'

if Statement

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An if statement accepts an expression with a set of parentheses ( ) :

● If the expression evaluates to a truthy value, then the code within its
code body executes.
● If the expression evaluates to a falsy value, its code body will not
execute.

const isMailSent = true;

if (isMailSent) {
// This code block will be executed
console.log('Mail sent to recipient');
}

JavaScript Strict Comparisons

The strict equality operator ( === ) checks if two values are the same and
returns true if they are the same. The inequality comparison operator
( !== ) check if two values are different and return true if they aren’t the
same.

console.log(1 === 1); // true

console.log('1' === 1); // false
console.log(8 !== 9); // true

NOT ! Operator

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The ! operator can be used to do one of the following:

● Invert a Boolean value.

● Invert the truthiness of non-Boolean values.

// example 1
let value = true;
let oppositeValue = !value;
console.log(oppositeValue); // false

// example 2
const emptyString = '';
!emptyString; // true
const truthyNumber = 1;
!truthyNumber // false

JavaScript Comparison Operators

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JavaScript comparison operators are used to compare two values and

return true or false depending on the validity of the comparison.
Comparison operators include:

● strict equal ( === )

● strict not equal ( !== )
● greater than ( > )
● less than ( < )
● greater than or equal ( >= )
● less than or equal ( <= )

1 > 3 // false
3 > 1 // true
250 >= 250 // true
1 === 1 // true
1 === 2 // false
1 === '1' // false

if else else if Statement

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After an initial if block, else if blocks can each check an additional

condition. An optional else block can be added after the else if
block(s) to run by default if none of the conditionals evaluated to truthy.

const size = 10;

if (size > 100) {
console.log('Big!');
} else if (size > 20) {
console.log('Medium');
} else if (size > 4) {
console.log('Small');
} else {
console.log('Tiny');
}
// 'Small'

JavaScript Truthy and Falsy

In JavaScript, values evaluate to true or false when evaluated as
Booleans. Values that will evaluate to true are known as truthy and
values that evaluate to false are known as falsy. Falsy values include
false , 0 , empty strings, null undefined , and NaN . All other values
are truthy.

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