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History of Osh

The history of occupational safety and health (OSH) originated from workers' movements and legislation in the late 18th and 19th centuries. The Ten Hours Movement led to the passage of the Factory Act of 1833 in the UK to regulate child labor. In the late 19th century, Otto von Bismarck established Germany's first workers' compensation system. Key court cases like Priestley v. Fowler and Donoghue v. Stevenson helped shape the law of negligence. In the early 20th century, legislation was passed in various countries like the UK, US, India, and others to mandate minimum safety and compensation standards in the workplace.

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49 views2 pages

History of Osh

The history of occupational safety and health (OSH) originated from workers' movements and legislation in the late 18th and 19th centuries. The Ten Hours Movement led to the passage of the Factory Act of 1833 in the UK to regulate child labor. In the late 19th century, Otto von Bismarck established Germany's first workers' compensation system. Key court cases like Priestley v. Fowler and Donoghue v. Stevenson helped shape the law of negligence. In the early 20th century, legislation was passed in various countries like the UK, US, India, and others to mandate minimum safety and compensation standards in the workplace.

Uploaded by

Matthew Aquino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HISTORY OF OSH

Instruction: Match the Peoples Names, Events or movements and places on the left row to
the resulting legislation on the right row and make a brief account on the connection of the
two.

People, Events, Places Resulting Legislation


1. Ten hours movement a. Workmen's Compensation Act of 1923
2. Charles Priestley b. Occupational Safety and Health Act
3. Otto Von Bismarck c. Law of Negligence
4. Donaghue VS. Stevenson d. Workers' Compensation Law of 1884 
5. Walsh-Healy Act e. Employers' Liability Act
6. India f. Factory Act of 1833

1. Ten hours movement – Factory Act of 1833

Workers began a movement to reduce working hours from 12 to 10 hours a day, or the “Ten
hours movement”. This movement led to Factory Act 1833, also known as the beginning of
health and safety regulations. The government passed the Factory Act to improve conditions for
children working for awfully long hours.

2. Charles Priestley – Employers’ Liability Act

This is idea that the employer is not liable for injuries caused by one employee to another in the
course of their employment. Although it may fairly be presumed that workmen have always
been involved in accidents during their employment, Priestley v. Fowler is the first known
recorded decision of an employee having sued an employer for work related injuries. 
3. Otto Von Bismarck - Workers' Compensation Law of 1884 

Workers’ Accident Insurance of 1884 created a modern workers’ compensation system.


Although specific laws vary, most states require employers to carry workers’ compensation
insurance. Without it, an employee who gets hurt or sick from their job would not get benefits
to help them recover. The law insured workmen in certain industries against serious and fatal
accidents occurring on the job unless they were intentionally self-inflicted. It eliminated
government subsidies for workers' relief and placed the entire cost of the liability on the
employers.

4. Donaghue VS. Stevenson - Law of Negligence


Donoghue v. Stevenson, also known as the ‘snail in the bottle case’, is a significant case in
Western law. The ruling in this case established the civil law tort of negligence and obliged
businesses to observe a duty of care towards their customers. Ms. May Donoghue was given a
bottle of ginger beer, purchased for her by a friend. The bottle was later discovered to contain a
decomposing snail. Since the bottle was not made of clear glass, Donoghue consumed most of
its contents before she became aware of the snail. She later fell ill, and a physician diagnosed
her with gastroenteritis. Donoghue’s lawyers claimed that Stevenson had breached a duty of
care to his consumers and caused injury through negligence.

5. Walsh-Healy Act - Occupational Safety and Health Act

The Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act (PCA), as amended, establishes minimum wage,
maximum hours, and safety and health standards for work on contracts in excess of $15,000 for
the manufacturing or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to the U.S.
government or the District of Columbia. All provisions of the PCA are administered by the Wage
and Hour Division except the safety and health requirements, which are administered by the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

6. India - Workmen's Compensation Act of 1923

The Indian worker's compensation law 1923 was introduced on 5 March 1923. It includes
Employer's liability compensation, amount of compensation. Workmen Compensation
Insurance covers employees under Workmen Compensation Act, Fatal Accident Act, and
common law. The Workmen Compensation Act, 1923 is an enactment that was issued by the
trial Government and was implemented by various State Governments which gives social
security to workers. This security is offered by the law for people who work. The Act was
formed after it was noted that laborers were getting more exposed to danger with the use of
advanced and sophisticated machinery.

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