Experiment: (a) To study the magnetic field produced by a current carrying
solenoid using a search coil and an A.C. source.
(b) To find the value of permeability.
Apparatus used: a long closely wound solenoid with three layers of winding of
different turns, a search coil (or pick up coil) having few thousand turns, a step down
transformer, a rheostat, A.C. ammeter, A.C. millivoltmeter, connecting wires, measuring
scale etc.
Procedure:
1. Drawn a diagram showing the scheme of connections and connect the various
instruments according to the circuit diagram. Check that the connections should
be tight.
2. Mounted the search coil on the rod if it is no mounted.
3. To study the dependence of B, the magnetic field, on the current place the
searched coil at the center of solenoid. Switched on the transformer and noted
down the reading of ammeter and millivoltmeter. Without changing the number of
turns in the solenoid and position of searched coil change the value of the current
with the help of rheostat and recorded the readings of the ammeter and
corresponding readings of voltmeter. Repeated this process at least five times by
changing the current with the help of rheostat.
4. To study the effects of no of turns kept the search coil in the center of the
solenoid. Recorded the readings of the ammeter and millivoltmeter. Disconnected
N1 taping connect N2 taping to the rheostat so that the number of turns change.
Adjusted the value of current with the helps of rheostat so that the current flowing
with N2 turns is the same as for N1 turns. Noteed the reading of millivoltmeter.
Similarly repeated the experiment for other number of turns.
5. To study the variation of B with distance along the axis of solenoid noted down
the reading of the voltmeter and the ammeter when the search coil is in the middle
of the solenoid.kept on moving the search coil gradually along the axis of the
solenoid (by 2-3cm at a time) and recorded the readings of voltmeter for constant
current for various distances from the center of the solenoid on the left as well as
right hand side.
Observations: (a) dependence of the B on current
Number of turns of solenoid used = 660
S. No. Current (I) in amperes Induced emf (V) in milivolt
1 2.4 50
2 3.4 100
3 4.3 125
4 5.2 155
Conclusion: as the graph between I and e is a straight line, it shows that as I increases B
increases because dB is proportional to e for a search coil of constant area and fixed
number of turns.
(b) Dependence of B on number of turns
Fixed value of current for all tapings = 0.6A
S.No. Number of turns (N) Induced emf (e) in mV e/N
1 220 220 1
2 440 360 1.22
3 660 500 1.32
Conclusion: within experimental error e/N is a constant quantity.
(c) Dependence of B on the position of search coil along the axis of the solenoid
Number of turns used N = 660
Constant current passed = 0.3A
S.No. Distance of search coil Induced emf Distance of search coil Induced emf
from the center of (e) in mV from the center of (e) in mV
solenoid (x) left solenoid (x) right
1 0 260 0 260
2 8 250 8 250
3 11 210 11 210
4 12 160 12 160
5 13 100 13 100
variation of B with the position of search
coil
300
induced emf in mV
250
200
150
100
50
0
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
distance of search coil from the center of solenoid
Conclusion: graph between x and e shows that e and hence the magnetic field B is
constant at its maximum value over a considerable length inside the solenoid.
