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Experiment Apparatus Used Theory

The document summarizes an experiment to determine the capacitance of an unknown capacitor. Key steps include: 1) Measuring the time for a neon lamp to flash 20 times when connected in parallel with individual capacitors of known value and with combinations of known capacitors, both with and without the unknown capacitor. 2) Plotting a graph of capacity versus time period and drawing horizontal lines to determine the unknown capacitance based on the difference in time periods. 3) Taking the mean of the values calculated from each combination to determine the final value of the unknown capacitance.

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2K views2 pages

Experiment Apparatus Used Theory

The document summarizes an experiment to determine the capacitance of an unknown capacitor. Key steps include: 1) Measuring the time for a neon lamp to flash 20 times when connected in parallel with individual capacitors of known value and with combinations of known capacitors, both with and without the unknown capacitor. 2) Plotting a graph of capacity versus time period and drawing horizontal lines to determine the unknown capacitance based on the difference in time periods. 3) Taking the mean of the values calculated from each combination to determine the final value of the unknown capacitance.

Uploaded by

amit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment: to determine the capacitance of a capacitor using fleshing and quenching of a neon

lamp.

Apparatus used: three capacitors of known capacities, a capacitor of unknown capacity, DC supply
of 250 V, a neon lamp, a high resistance of about 1MΩ, 5one way keys

Theory:
Time period in charging and discharging of a capacitor (t)

=-RC[loge(1-V2/V1) +(loge V2/V1)]

Where R=resistance

C=capacitance of unknown capacitor

V2= voltage

V1=voltage

As R, V2 and V1 are constants so graph between t and C is straight line.

Procedure:
1. Draw a diagram as shown in figure and make the connection.
2. Put key K1 and then K. Put on the power supply and increase the voltage till neon lamp gives a
flash. The bulb will flash and quench as it is connected in parallel with capacitor C1. Note time
interval for 20 flashes.
3. Take out key K and insert key K4. Put key K, so that the capacitors C1 and C are in parallel to each
other, so total capacity of combination becomes (C1 + C). Again note time interval for twenty
flashes.
4. Repeat the experiment with capacitor C2 alone and then with (C2 + C) and C3 alone and (C3 + C).
5. Repeat the experiment with all other possible combinations of three capacitors.

Observation table:
S.No. Known capacity Time for 20 Time for each Time for 20 flashes Time for each
flashes flash without with unknown flash with
without unknown capacitor in parallel unknown
unknown capacitor capacitor in
capacitor parallel
1 C1 = 0.2F 10.50s 0.525 11.36s 0.568
2 C2 = 0.4F 19.35s 0.9675 21.22s 1.061
3 C3 = 1.0F 39.14s 1.957 42.12s 2.106
4 C1+C2 = 0.6F 36.39s 1.8195 40.10s 2.005
5 C1 + C3 = 1.2F 87.74s 4.387 95.33s 4.7665
6 C2 + C3 = 1.4F 111.81s 5.5905 127.89s 6.3945
7 C1 + C2 + C3 = 1.6F 144.37s 7.2185 165.89s 8.2945
Calculations:
Draw graph of unknown capacity and known capacity with time period. Draw three horizontal llines
parallel to x-axis cutting the two graphs AB, CD and EF respectively.

Now the unknown capacity is given by

Cо=AB=CB-CA

=CD=CD-CC

=EF=CF-CE

Mean Cо=………µF

Precautions:
1. During the experiment the dc supply should be constant.
2. Dissconnect the power supply before introducing any capacitor.
3. No internal resistance should be connected with the neon lamp.
4. All the conncetions must be tight.
5. Time period for 20 flashes must be noted carefully.

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