Voice Over IP Preparing Your Organization For Convergence Missouri Valley Comm. Assoc. 14 April, 2003
Voice Over IP Preparing Your Organization For Convergence Missouri Valley Comm. Assoc. 14 April, 2003
Voice Over IP Preparing Your Organization For Convergence Missouri Valley Comm. Assoc. 14 April, 2003
Walt Magnussen
Associate Director for
Telecommunications
Texas A&M University
What is VoIP?
• H.323
– RAS
– H.225
– H.245
• SIP
H.323
• Terminal
– An endpoint that supports 2-way streaming
with another H.323 terminal or gateway
– Originates and terminates calls
H.323 – H.225 RAS
• Request in Progress
– RIP
• Bandwidth change
– BRQ, BCF, BRJ
• Resource Availability
– RAI (Indicator)
– RAC (Confirm)
H.323 – H.225 RAS Messages
• Gatekeeper Discovery
– GRQ, CCF, GRJ
• Terminal/Gateway Registration
– RRQ, RCF, RRJ
• Terminal/Gateway Registration
– URQ, UCF, URJ
• Disengage
– DRQ, DCF, DRJ
H.323 – H.225 RAS Messages
• Status Queries
– IRQ – info request
– IRR – info request response
– IACK – info request ACK
– INACK - info request NACK
H.323 – Q.931
• Request Mode
– Receive terminal requests type of transportation
from a transmit terminal
– Types of Modes:
• Video
• Audio
• Data
• Encryption
H.323 – H.245 Messages
What is SIP?
• Text based Internet Protocol
• Resembles HTTP and SMTP
• Designed to set up a session between 2
endpoints
• Messages are sent in ASCII rather than
encoded in binary
SIP - Network Elements
• Features:
• API functions for initialization, encoding
and decoding of speech data
• Supports Multi-channel operation
• Firewalls
• NAT
• QoS
• Network Testing
VoIP Issues – Firewalls
• Tier 1 Gatekeeper
– http://gk02.tamu.edu/level/7/exec/-
/show/running-config/CR
• Directory Gatekeeper
– http://gk03.net.tamu.edu/level/7/exec/-
/show/running-config/CR
Voice Over IP - the reasons that
we have all heard!
• Perception
– It is cheaper to run just one network.
– It is easier to integrate advanced technology
when your phone is on the network (CTI).
– If you don’t do it someone else will.
• Reality
– Convergence will occur some day so it is
important that we build the required
relationships now.
Voice over IP - the basics
4. LCF
1. ARQ 2. RIP 7. ARQ 8. ACF
5. ACF
6. Q.931 Call Setup
VoIP PBX 8. Q.931Call Proceed VoIP PBX
H.245
RTP
IP Phone IP Phone
TCP/IP implementations
• Packet loss
• Latency
• Jitter
QoS issues
• IEEE 802.1p
• RSVP
• Diffserv
• Over provisioning
Queing methods
• Fair-weighted
• Strict
Is all of your equipment able to
support QoS
• Microsoft vision
– Presence
– Instant Messaging
– T.120 data collaboration
– Voice and video collaboration
VOIP Costing
• Hardware
• Support
• Vendors
– H.323 Cisco, Nortel, Avaya, 3COM
– SIP, Broadsoft, Pingtel, Microsoft