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MTHE 225 Homework Set 1

This document contains solutions to homework problems involving determining whether differential equations are linear or nonlinear, ordinary or partial, and finding their order. It also verifies given functions as solutions and finds values of m for which functions are solutions.

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Herni Dayanti
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82 views3 pages

MTHE 225 Homework Set 1

This document contains solutions to homework problems involving determining whether differential equations are linear or nonlinear, ordinary or partial, and finding their order. It also verifies given functions as solutions and finds values of m for which functions are solutions.

Uploaded by

Herni Dayanti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MTHE 225

HOMEWORK SET 1

1. Determine whether the given differential equations are linear/non-linear, ODE/PDE


and then find their order.

(a) (1 − x)y 00 − 4xy 0 + 5y = cos (x)


 4
d3 y dy
(b) x 3 − =0
dx dx
∂ 2 z ∂z
(c) + + y = cos (x + y)
∂x2 ∂y
s  2
2
dy dy
(d) 2
+ 1+
dx dx
dy cos (y)
(e) =
dx y
2
∂ z
(f) + (xy)2 z = 0
∂x∂y
 2
dy dy
(g) − 4t + 5y = t
dt dt
 2 
dy dy y
(h) − = t3 − t
dt dt2 t
2. Verify the given y = f ((x) are the solutions of the given differential equations.
d2 y
(a) = 16y, y = e−4x or e4x
dx2
d2 y
(b) = −16y, y = sin (4x) or y = cos (4x)
dx2
3. Find all values of m the for which the function y = xm is a solution of the differential
equation: x2 y 00 + 2xy 0 − 6y = 0.

4. Find all values of m the for which the function y = emx is a solution of the differential
equation: y 000 − 7y 00 + 12y 0 = 0.

1
SOLUTION

1. (Sec 1.1)

(a) linear, ODE, order = 2

(b) non-linear, ODE, order = 3

(c) linear, PDE, order = 2

(d) non-linear, ODE, order = 2

(e) non-linear, ODE, order = 1

(f) linear, PDE, order = 2

(g) non-linear, ODE, order = 1

(h) non-linear, ODE, order = 2

2. (Sec 1.1)
dy d2 y
(a) For y = e−4x : = −4e−4x ⇒ = (−4)(−4)e−4x = 16e−4x
dx dx2
d2 y
Therefor, L.H.S.= 2 = 16e−4x = 16y = R.H.S (verified)
dx
dy d2 y
For y = e4x : = 4e4x ⇒ = (4)(4)e4x = 16e4x
dx dx2
dy
Therefor, L.H.S.= = 16e−4x = 16y = R.H.S (verified)
dx

dy d2 y
(b) For y = sin (4x) : = 4 cos (4x) ⇒ = (4)(4)(− sin (4x)) = −16 sin (4x)
dx dx2
d2 y
Therefor, L.H.S.= = −16 sin (4x) = −16y = R.H.S (verified)
dx2
dy d2 y
For y = cos (4x) : = 4(− sin (4x)) ⇒ = (−4)(4) cos (4x) = −16 cos (4x)
dx dx2
d2 y
Therefor, L.H.S.= = −16 cos (4x) = −16y = R.H.S (verified)
dx2

2
3. (Sec 1.1)

y = xm ⇒ y 0 = mxm−1 ⇒ y 00 = m(m − 1)xm−2 . Therefore,

we need, x2 y 00 + 2xy 0 − 6y = 0

⇒ we need, x2 (m(m − 1)xm−2 ) + 2x(mxm−1 ) − 6(xm ) = 0

⇒ we need, m(m − 1)xm + 2mxm − 6xm = 0

⇒ we need, [m(m − 1) + 2m − 6]xm = 0

⇒ we need, m(m − 1) + 2m − 6 = 0 when (x 6= 0)

⇒ we need, m2 + m − 6 = 0

⇒ we need, (m − 2)(m + 3) = 0

⇒ we need, m = −2 or m = 3.

4. (Sec 1.1)

y = emx ⇒ y 0 = memx ⇒ y 00 = m2 emx ⇒ y 000 = m3 emx . Therefore,

we need, y 000 − 7y 00 + 12y 0 = 0

⇒ we need, m3 emx − 7m2 emx + 12memx = 0

⇒ we need, (m3 − 7m2 + 12m)emx = 0

⇒ we need, (m3 − 7m2 + 12m) = 0 since (ex 6= 0)

⇒ we need, m(m2 − 7m + 12) = 0

⇒ we need, m(m − 3)(m − 4) = 0

⇒ we need, m = 0 or m = 3 or m = 4.

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