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    The International Independent Fact-Finding Mission On Myanmar (FFM)

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    nailaweoung
    The UN Human Rights Council established the International Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar in 2017 to investigate alleged human rights violations in Myanmar since 2011, particularly in Rakhine, Kachin, and Shan States. The Mission published reports finding the Myanmar military committed genocide against Rohingya and war crimes against other groups. It identified senior commanders responsible and recommended referring Myanmar to the International Criminal Court. The Mission handed over its evidence to the new Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar before ending in 2019.

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    The International Independent Fact-Finding Mission On Myanmar (FFM)

    Uploaded by

    nailaweoung
    65 views2 pages
    The UN Human Rights Council established the International Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar in 2017 to investigate alleged human rights violations in Myanmar since 2011, particularly in Rakhine, Kachin, and Shan States. The Mission published reports finding the Myanmar military committed genocide against Rohingya and war crimes against other groups. It identified senior commanders responsible and recommended referring Myanmar to the International Criminal Court. The Mission handed over its evidence to the new Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar before ending in 2019.

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    EN-1.-Handout-FFM-Myanmar-Jan-2020

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    The UN Human Rights Council established the International Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar in 2017 to investigate alleged human rights violations in Myanmar since 2011, particularly in Rakhine, Kachin, and Shan States. The Mission published reports finding the Myanmar military committed genocide against Rohingya and war crimes against other groups. It identified senior commanders responsible and recommended referring Myanmar to the International Criminal Court. The Mission handed over its evidence to the new Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar before ending in 2019.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views2 pages

    The International Independent Fact-Finding Mission On Myanmar (FFM)

    Uploaded by

    nailaweoung
    The UN Human Rights Council established the International Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar in 2017 to investigate alleged human rights violations in Myanmar since 2011, particularly in Rakhine, Kachin, and Shan States. The Mission published reports finding the Myanmar military committed genocide against Rohingya and war crimes against other groups. It identified senior commanders responsible and recommended referring Myanmar to the International Criminal Court. The Mission handed over its evidence to the new Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar before ending in 2019.

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    of 2

    international accountability mechanisms for myanmar series

    The International Independent Fact-Finding Mission

    1 — Fact-Finding
    on Myanmar (FFM)

    Mission
    Creation

    The FFM was created on 24 March 2017 by the UN Human Rights Council (Resolution A/HRC/RES/34/22). It
    ended in September 2019 and handed over its evidence to the Independent Investigative Mechanism for
    Myanmar (IIMM).

    2 — Independent Investigative
    Mandate

    Mechanism for Myanmar


    The FFM was mandated to establish the facts and circumstances of alleged human rights violations and abuses
    in Myanmar since 2011, in particular in Rakhine, Kachin, and northern Shan States, committed primarily by
    government security forces, but also by ethnic armed groups, with a view to ensuring full accountability for
    perpetrators and justice for victims.

    Commissioners

    Marzuki Darusman (chair) from Indonesia, Radhika Coomaraswamy from Sri Lanka, and Christopher Dominic
    Sidoti from Australia.

    Reports

    The main report was published in September 2018 (444 pages). In August 2019, the FFM published follow-up

    3 — International
    reports on the business ties of the Myanmar military and on sexual and gender-based violence in Myanmar. A

    Criminal Court
    final report was published in September 2019.

    Key findings

    • The Tatmadaw committed genocide against the Rohingya in Rakhine State, and war crimes and
    crimes against humanity in Kachin and Shan States.
    • In Rakhine State, the Tatmadaw conducted “clearance operations” that led to over 725,000 Rohingya
    fleeing to Bangladesh, 10,000 deaths (a conservative estimate) including mass killings, and mass
    gang rapes.
    • The FFM also documented rampant hate speech in Myanmar.
    • The FFM identified by name six senior commanders as most responsible for the crimes.
    • The FFM documented the business ties of the military, as well as the use of sexual and gender-based

    4 — International
    violence in conflict.
    • See more details in the infographics prepared by the FFM.1 Court of Justice

    Recommendations
    The FFM called for:

    • the investigation and prosecution of Myanmar’s Commander-in-Chief, Senior General Min Aung
    Hlaing, and his top military leaders for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes.
    • the United Nations Security Council to refer Myanmar to the International Criminal Court (ICC), or to
    establish an ad hoc international criminal tribunal.
    • the creation of an international Independent Investigative Mechanism on Myanmar (IIMM).
    5 — Universal
    Jurisdiction

    1 https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/MyanmarFFM/Pages/ReportoftheMyanmarFFM.aspx

    English - January 2020


    asia-ajar.org
    1 — Fact-Finding
    Mission
    • targeted individual sanctions, including travel bans and asset freezes.
    • an arms embargo on Myanmar.
    • the international community to cut off all financial and other support to Myanmar’s military.
    • the United Nations to create a trust fund for victim support.

    Advantages

    • The FFM did not focus only on individuals, but also looked at the Tatmadaw as an institution. The

    2 — Independent Investigative
    main report highlighted patterns of violations.
    The FFM’s mandate allowed it to look at all of Myanmar, in particular in Rakhine, Kachin, and northern

    Mechanism for Myanmar


    •
    Shan States.
    • The FFM made its findings known in high-profile public reports and through conferences held by the
    Commissioners.
    • The evidence collected by the FFM was handed over to the IIMM and might be used by other relevant
    mechanisms such as the ICJ, the ICC, etc.

    Limitations

    • The FFM cannot prosecute or punish perpetrators.


    • The FFM can only make recommendations. It cannot force governments to implement its
    recommendations.
    • The FFM’s mandate ended in September 2019.

    3 — International
    Criminal Court
    More information is available at: https://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/hrc/myanmarffm/pages/index.aspx

    ***

    4 — International
    Court of Justice
    5 — Universal
    Jurisdiction

    English - January 2020


    asia-ajar.org

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